基于昆虫刺吸式口器的仿生耦合无痛注射针头的研究
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摘要
本文根据对昆虫刺吸式口器结构的研究,将仿生耦合理论与技术引入到无痛注射器针头的设计当中。根据蚊子等昆虫刺吸式口器的结构形态,对普通注射器针头进行了仿生表面形态和结构设计与加工,分别制成具有凹坑形、波浪形、锯齿形非光滑表面的仿生无痛针头。利用设计与正交试验和数值模拟相结合的方法研究了这几种无痛针头的减阻、减痛效果。
对仿生注射器针头的减阻效果进行了正交试验,以摩擦阻力及减阻率为试验指标,探寻仿生非光滑表面各因素中对阻力的影响的主次因素,优化出最优组合。结合试验揭示仿生耦合的减阻机理。
对仿生注射器针头的减痛效果进行生物试验研究,选用血压变化为痛感的生理生化测示指标,以普通注射器针头和仿生注射器针头为试验对象,通过对大鼠进行刺痛试验及用不同力度夹尾,分别观察其疼痛、血压的变化以及血压变化持续时间,同时观察不同的疼痛程度对血压及血压变化持续时间的影响。
最后,对普通注射器针头和仿生注射器针头的注射过程进行了数值模拟,得出了三种针头在注射过程中相应软组织的最大应力、动能和内能的变化情况,同时揭示了仿生注射器针头所具有的减阻、减痛机理与规律。
Medical devices is the extending of the ability of the doctor and patients, isindispensable tool to complete the diagnosis, treatment and testing tasks , is thenecessary means to ensure the safety, quality of life,help to extend the human lifecycle.Advanced medical equipment used in hospitals , greatly promoted thedevelopment of the cause of medicine and become an important symbol of modernmedicine.Thus,countries around the world put the medical device industry in animportant position.Therefor,researchers at home and abroad have done a lot of researchand achieved some results.Ground machinery of the ministry of education keylaboratory of bionic technology in JiLin University apply the biology Bionic nonsmooth structure to the external surface of the syringe needle,thus developed anew typeof pain free syringe needles.
Acrroding to researching the sucking mouth parts of the structure of themosquitoes , cicadas and the surface of the soil animals,ground machinery of theMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of bionic technology in JiLin University foundthat non smooth shape can reduce the stickiness and resistance,and analyzed itsprinciples,laid the foundation for the research,having significance.According to themouth parts of insects such as mosquitoes,process the ordinary syringe needles,makinga painless needle bionic with Pit shaped,wavy,serrated non smooth surface.Any specialfeatures of the organisms are not determined by a single factor,but by the result ofinteraction of a variety of factors.The design of bionic coupling should follow theprinciple of functional,to achieve a particular function,selecting the appropriatecoupling of biological characteristics,finding primary and secondary factors that affect the function,establishing of bio coupled model.Using optimization test,find out nonsmooth surface morphology of the needle,depth of the non smooth unit,the distancebetween the non smooth unit,the impact of frictional resistance by the unit diameter ofthe non smooth,analyzed the impact of primary and secondary factors and the optimallevel.The results are as follows:
1 . The needle with bionic non smooth surface having a good drag reducingeffect,the primary and secondary factors impacting resistance of the needle piercing isthe non smooth shape,the distance between the non smooth unit,the diameter or widthof the non smooth unit.
2.Bionic shaped structure needle with a corrugated shape having the best dragreduction rate,when the depth of 0.05mm, pitch to 0.75mm, width of 0.3mm, the mostdrag reductionrate of 50.49%.
3.The bionic syringe needles having significant drag reduction effect because ofBionic form,making a gap exists between needle wall cells and skin contact,reducingthe contact area,so that the frictional resistance.
When the body be stimulated by the outside world,it will cause a pain reactionexcept sence of pain.Sence of pain is a reaction to the Stimulus when the body bestimulated,can change the blood flow dynamics.thus, We have to re test the researchwith changes of blood pressure to be the Indicators that measured.Test object is smoothand non smooth needle,hurt on rats for carring out tests and.We observe on the changeof pain,bloodpressure anddurationof secondone,at the same time,observedthe impactof them.after the pilot test,blood pressure droped by smooth needles higher than waveneedle,and the same to the duration.This will further prove the painless results of thebionic non smooth needles.
In order to reinforce to each other,and further verify the conclusions,the needleinjectionprocess has beenimitatedwith numerical simulationIn this paper.
In the course of numerical simulation,the finite element method has been used.Wehave studiedthe non linear finite element of the initial value,Explicit central differencealgorithm and the stability analysis , gauss points and hourglass control.simulationinjection involves the problem of nonlinear,contact interface,the solving for program ofcontact have beenstudiedinthispaper.
For the human tissue material model,we introduced the mechanics of skin,musclemechanics,and other soft tissue mechanics,thereby pointed out that it have thecharacteristics like coelastic , and a high degree of non linear , non uniformity,anisotropy,anddiscussedtheir mathematical model.
With large scale general nonlinear finite element program LS DYNA,wecalculatedthe numerical simulationof the injectionprocess.
We established finite element model with ordinary needle and three specialneedle , have them worked under certain conditions , and analyzied it.Finally,wecompared and analyzed the three cases.Conclusion:Non smooth needle can reduce painand resistance , and needle shaped corrugated is better than the needle effectivejagged.The method is economic,fast,reliable,it complement and expend with tests,andmake amore consistent conclusion.
In this paper,we verify the effectiveness of pain free from the different directionwith experimental research and numerical simulation.It’s characteristic is do notchanging raw material and intensity,easy to process,and have low cost.At the sametime,because of the non smooth structure of inner wall andsurface,It made liquidflowrate to speed up.As the traditional medical devices,we do not have to worry aboutphysical harm.The research results is a new contribution to the research anddevelopment of medical equipment.
对仿生注射器针头的减阻效果进行了正交试验,以摩擦阻力及减阻率为试验指标,探寻仿生非光滑表面各因素中对阻力的影响的主次因素,优化出最优组合。结合试验揭示仿生耦合的减阻机理。
对仿生注射器针头的减痛效果进行生物试验研究,选用血压变化为痛感的生理生化测示指标,以普通注射器针头和仿生注射器针头为试验对象,通过对大鼠进行刺痛试验及用不同力度夹尾,分别观察其疼痛、血压的变化以及血压变化持续时间,同时观察不同的疼痛程度对血压及血压变化持续时间的影响。
最后,对普通注射器针头和仿生注射器针头的注射过程进行了数值模拟,得出了三种针头在注射过程中相应软组织的最大应力、动能和内能的变化情况,同时揭示了仿生注射器针头所具有的减阻、减痛机理与规律。
Medical devices is the extending of the ability of the doctor and patients, isindispensable tool to complete the diagnosis, treatment and testing tasks , is thenecessary means to ensure the safety, quality of life,help to extend the human lifecycle.Advanced medical equipment used in hospitals , greatly promoted thedevelopment of the cause of medicine and become an important symbol of modernmedicine.Thus,countries around the world put the medical device industry in animportant position.Therefor,researchers at home and abroad have done a lot of researchand achieved some results.Ground machinery of the ministry of education keylaboratory of bionic technology in JiLin University apply the biology Bionic nonsmooth structure to the external surface of the syringe needle,thus developed anew typeof pain free syringe needles.
Acrroding to researching the sucking mouth parts of the structure of themosquitoes , cicadas and the surface of the soil animals,ground machinery of theMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of bionic technology in JiLin University foundthat non smooth shape can reduce the stickiness and resistance,and analyzed itsprinciples,laid the foundation for the research,having significance.According to themouth parts of insects such as mosquitoes,process the ordinary syringe needles,makinga painless needle bionic with Pit shaped,wavy,serrated non smooth surface.Any specialfeatures of the organisms are not determined by a single factor,but by the result ofinteraction of a variety of factors.The design of bionic coupling should follow theprinciple of functional,to achieve a particular function,selecting the appropriatecoupling of biological characteristics,finding primary and secondary factors that affect the function,establishing of bio coupled model.Using optimization test,find out nonsmooth surface morphology of the needle,depth of the non smooth unit,the distancebetween the non smooth unit,the impact of frictional resistance by the unit diameter ofthe non smooth,analyzed the impact of primary and secondary factors and the optimallevel.The results are as follows:
1 . The needle with bionic non smooth surface having a good drag reducingeffect,the primary and secondary factors impacting resistance of the needle piercing isthe non smooth shape,the distance between the non smooth unit,the diameter or widthof the non smooth unit.
2.Bionic shaped structure needle with a corrugated shape having the best dragreduction rate,when the depth of 0.05mm, pitch to 0.75mm, width of 0.3mm, the mostdrag reductionrate of 50.49%.
3.The bionic syringe needles having significant drag reduction effect because ofBionic form,making a gap exists between needle wall cells and skin contact,reducingthe contact area,so that the frictional resistance.
When the body be stimulated by the outside world,it will cause a pain reactionexcept sence of pain.Sence of pain is a reaction to the Stimulus when the body bestimulated,can change the blood flow dynamics.thus, We have to re test the researchwith changes of blood pressure to be the Indicators that measured.Test object is smoothand non smooth needle,hurt on rats for carring out tests and.We observe on the changeof pain,bloodpressure anddurationof secondone,at the same time,observedthe impactof them.after the pilot test,blood pressure droped by smooth needles higher than waveneedle,and the same to the duration.This will further prove the painless results of thebionic non smooth needles.
In order to reinforce to each other,and further verify the conclusions,the needleinjectionprocess has beenimitatedwith numerical simulationIn this paper.
In the course of numerical simulation,the finite element method has been used.Wehave studiedthe non linear finite element of the initial value,Explicit central differencealgorithm and the stability analysis , gauss points and hourglass control.simulationinjection involves the problem of nonlinear,contact interface,the solving for program ofcontact have beenstudiedinthispaper.
For the human tissue material model,we introduced the mechanics of skin,musclemechanics,and other soft tissue mechanics,thereby pointed out that it have thecharacteristics like coelastic , and a high degree of non linear , non uniformity,anisotropy,anddiscussedtheir mathematical model.
With large scale general nonlinear finite element program LS DYNA,wecalculatedthe numerical simulationof the injectionprocess.
We established finite element model with ordinary needle and three specialneedle , have them worked under certain conditions , and analyzied it.Finally,wecompared and analyzed the three cases.Conclusion:Non smooth needle can reduce painand resistance , and needle shaped corrugated is better than the needle effectivejagged.The method is economic,fast,reliable,it complement and expend with tests,andmake amore consistent conclusion.
In this paper,we verify the effectiveness of pain free from the different directionwith experimental research and numerical simulation.It’s characteristic is do notchanging raw material and intensity,easy to process,and have low cost.At the sametime,because of the non smooth structure of inner wall andsurface,It made liquidflowrate to speed up.As the traditional medical devices,we do not have to worry aboutphysical harm.The research results is a new contribution to the research anddevelopment of medical equipment.
引文
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