普通及高强钢筋混凝土桥墩地震抗剪强度研究
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摘要
按旧有规范设计的钢筋混凝土桥墩及短柱桥墩在地震中易于发生脆性剪切或弯剪破坏。钢筋混凝土桥墩抗剪强度计算构成了桥梁延性乃至性能抗震设计的重要内容,可保证桥墩在强烈地震下发生期望的延性破坏模式。相对而言国内这方面的研究还较为薄弱。本文综述了普通及高强混凝土桥墩抗震性能拟静力试验、数值模拟、震后修复等相关领域的研究现状,并基于拟静力试验对普通和高强混凝土桥墩地震抗剪强度进行了系统研究,主要内容如下:
1.进行了普通和高强钢筋混凝土短柱桥墩地震剪切破坏机理和抗剪强度的拟静力试验.进行了基于位移设计钢筋混凝土桥墩抗震性能的拟静力试验并初步探讨了可行的震后快速修复技术。认为高强混凝土桥墩在保证箍筋约束条件下,能够获得良好的延性抗震能力。验证了桥墩基于位移抗震设计方法的有效性及可行性。强调了满足我国现行桥梁抗震规范(含修订稿)要求的普通钢筋混凝土短柱桥墩,仍有很大可能发生剪切或弯剪破坏,必须引起足够重视。
2.在试验基础上比较了国内外主要桥梁抗震设计规范中的桥墩抗剪强度计算公式;辅助PEER钢筋混凝土柱低周反复加载试验数据,对塑性铰区混凝土地震抗剪强度影响因素进行了统计;参考相关规范及研究成果提出了桥墩地震抗剪强度计算的建议方案。
3.基于ANSYS进行了钢筋混凝土桥墩滞回性能的有限元模拟研究。讨论了实体建模中混凝土的裂缝剪力传递系数、钢筋包兴格效应、纵筋与混凝土的粘结-滑移关系以及混凝土压碎破坏面等参数对模拟结果的影响。在参数敏感性分析基础上通过合理设置材料本构关系及破坏准则参数,得到了与试验结果较为吻合的滞回曲线。
Bridge short columns designed in accordance with prevalent design standards may have inadequake seismic resistance.Special care is needed for shear strength of the columns under earthquake because it is a function of the flexural ductility and is one of key contents for capacity design philosophy.However,studies about the shear strength of RC bridge columns is scarce in China.In this paper,state-of-the-art of reversed cyclic tests,numerical analysis, repair techniques for damaged RC bridge columns are summarized.Thea,the shear strength of normal and high-strength concrete bridge columns is evaluated based on reversed cyclic loading tests.The detail works in this paper listed as follows:
1.Reversed cyclic loading tests are conducted for normal and high-strength concrete bridge columns to evaluate the failure mechanism and shear strength of the columns. Meanwhile,seismic performance of RC bridge columns designed using displacement-based method and repair techniques are verified by cyclic tests.It can be concluded that high-strength concrete columns may have ductile behavior if the specimens designed with adequate lateral confinement,the proposed seismic design method based on displacement is feasible.It could be recgnized that the columns designed accordance to current seismic design codes in China may suffer nonductile shear or flexural-shear failure modes under earthquakes, which need special attention in future.
2.Existing design equations for shear strength of the columns are compared with each other based on experimental results.Then,aspects relating to the shear strength of columns under seismic loading are studied based on the author's experimental results and PEER database.At last,a suggested equation for shear strength of the columns is proposed for chinese bridge seismic design code.
3.Model approaches describing the hysteretic behavior of RC bridge columns subjected to cyclic loading are investigated.A set of model with different parameters is selected by using ANSYS software and evaluated through comparison with experimental results.The influences of the shear retention coefficients,the Bauschinger effect of reinforcing steel,the bond-slip relationship between the longitudinal reinforcement and the concrete,the concrete failure surface on the calculated results are discussed.Then,a modified analysis model is presented and the model accuracy has been verified by comparing the calculated hysteretic curves and skeleton curves with experimental results.
1.进行了普通和高强钢筋混凝土短柱桥墩地震剪切破坏机理和抗剪强度的拟静力试验.进行了基于位移设计钢筋混凝土桥墩抗震性能的拟静力试验并初步探讨了可行的震后快速修复技术。认为高强混凝土桥墩在保证箍筋约束条件下,能够获得良好的延性抗震能力。验证了桥墩基于位移抗震设计方法的有效性及可行性。强调了满足我国现行桥梁抗震规范(含修订稿)要求的普通钢筋混凝土短柱桥墩,仍有很大可能发生剪切或弯剪破坏,必须引起足够重视。
2.在试验基础上比较了国内外主要桥梁抗震设计规范中的桥墩抗剪强度计算公式;辅助PEER钢筋混凝土柱低周反复加载试验数据,对塑性铰区混凝土地震抗剪强度影响因素进行了统计;参考相关规范及研究成果提出了桥墩地震抗剪强度计算的建议方案。
3.基于ANSYS进行了钢筋混凝土桥墩滞回性能的有限元模拟研究。讨论了实体建模中混凝土的裂缝剪力传递系数、钢筋包兴格效应、纵筋与混凝土的粘结-滑移关系以及混凝土压碎破坏面等参数对模拟结果的影响。在参数敏感性分析基础上通过合理设置材料本构关系及破坏准则参数,得到了与试验结果较为吻合的滞回曲线。
Bridge short columns designed in accordance with prevalent design standards may have inadequake seismic resistance.Special care is needed for shear strength of the columns under earthquake because it is a function of the flexural ductility and is one of key contents for capacity design philosophy.However,studies about the shear strength of RC bridge columns is scarce in China.In this paper,state-of-the-art of reversed cyclic tests,numerical analysis, repair techniques for damaged RC bridge columns are summarized.Thea,the shear strength of normal and high-strength concrete bridge columns is evaluated based on reversed cyclic loading tests.The detail works in this paper listed as follows:
1.Reversed cyclic loading tests are conducted for normal and high-strength concrete bridge columns to evaluate the failure mechanism and shear strength of the columns. Meanwhile,seismic performance of RC bridge columns designed using displacement-based method and repair techniques are verified by cyclic tests.It can be concluded that high-strength concrete columns may have ductile behavior if the specimens designed with adequate lateral confinement,the proposed seismic design method based on displacement is feasible.It could be recgnized that the columns designed accordance to current seismic design codes in China may suffer nonductile shear or flexural-shear failure modes under earthquakes, which need special attention in future.
2.Existing design equations for shear strength of the columns are compared with each other based on experimental results.Then,aspects relating to the shear strength of columns under seismic loading are studied based on the author's experimental results and PEER database.At last,a suggested equation for shear strength of the columns is proposed for chinese bridge seismic design code.
3.Model approaches describing the hysteretic behavior of RC bridge columns subjected to cyclic loading are investigated.A set of model with different parameters is selected by using ANSYS software and evaluated through comparison with experimental results.The influences of the shear retention coefficients,the Bauschinger effect of reinforcing steel,the bond-slip relationship between the longitudinal reinforcement and the concrete,the concrete failure surface on the calculated results are discussed.Then,a modified analysis model is presented and the model accuracy has been verified by comparing the calculated hysteretic curves and skeleton curves with experimental results.
引文
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