高速公路交通流运行状态实时监控技术研究
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摘要
目前高速公路监控系统建设已成为高速公路建设的一个重要组成部分,机电设施功能愈来愈完备,但从已投入使用的高速公路机电项目分析尚存在着设施利用率不高交通流运行状态实时监控不够准确及时等问题,本文对高速公路交通流运行状态实时监控技术进行了较深入的调查、系统的分析和研究,从交通流监控技术的角度,初步总结了以下几方面原因:
(1)车辆检测器布设不合理;
(2)采集来的数据不能准确描述高速公路交通流的不同状态;
(3)控制方法不科学。
本文针对上述问题作了分析、研究,并给出了相应对策。第一部分描述了高速公路监控系统的现状,包括主要设备的现状及事件自动检测算法、交通流理论、控制理论的研究现状,总结了当前高速公路监控系统中存在的主要问题。第二部分运用抽样技术及交通工程的相关理论研究车辆检测器的合理布设方法。并以沪宁高速公路为实例,设计了其部分路段的车辆检测器布设方案。第三部分主要探讨交通流波动理论在拥挤流信息捕捉中的应用。第四部分在第二部分的基础上对高速公路交通流控制过程进行了科学合理的设计。最后从全局的角度研究了高速公路交通流监控系统的软件结构并展望本课题的研究趋势。
At present, expressway monitoring system construction has become an important component of expressway construction. And electromechanical facilities are more and more complete. But the problem not high of utilization ratio of facilities exists in the electromechanical projects of the expressway that have already come into operation. This text has investigated the technology which is used for controlling to the traffic flow operation state of the expressway in real time more deeply, analyzed and studied systematically and have summarized the following several reason tentatively:
The vehicle detection is laid unreasonably.
Data gathered can’t describe all states of the traffic flow of the expressway.
The traffic flow is not controlled scientifically.
This text has analyzed and studied to the above-mentioned problems and provide the corresponding countermeasure. The first part has described the current situation of the monitoring system of the expressway including the current situation of the capital equipment and that of researching algorithm measuring the incident automatically、traffic flow theory and control theory. The second part uses the technology of collecting samples and relevant theories in traffic engineering to study the method of laying vehicle detections. Meanwhile, regarding ShangHai-NanJing expressway as the instance, this text has designed the scheme of laying of the vehicle detections on its some highway sections. The third part mainly discusses the application at catching the information of the crowded traffic flow of the theory which regard the change of traffic flow as the fluctuation of a kind of fluid. On the basis of the second part , the fourth part has designed the process of controlling the traffic flow of expressway scientifically and rationally. Finally, this text studied the software structure of the monitoring system of expressway in term of the overall situation and then looked forward to the research trend of this subject.
(1)车辆检测器布设不合理;
(2)采集来的数据不能准确描述高速公路交通流的不同状态;
(3)控制方法不科学。
本文针对上述问题作了分析、研究,并给出了相应对策。第一部分描述了高速公路监控系统的现状,包括主要设备的现状及事件自动检测算法、交通流理论、控制理论的研究现状,总结了当前高速公路监控系统中存在的主要问题。第二部分运用抽样技术及交通工程的相关理论研究车辆检测器的合理布设方法。并以沪宁高速公路为实例,设计了其部分路段的车辆检测器布设方案。第三部分主要探讨交通流波动理论在拥挤流信息捕捉中的应用。第四部分在第二部分的基础上对高速公路交通流控制过程进行了科学合理的设计。最后从全局的角度研究了高速公路交通流监控系统的软件结构并展望本课题的研究趋势。
At present, expressway monitoring system construction has become an important component of expressway construction. And electromechanical facilities are more and more complete. But the problem not high of utilization ratio of facilities exists in the electromechanical projects of the expressway that have already come into operation. This text has investigated the technology which is used for controlling to the traffic flow operation state of the expressway in real time more deeply, analyzed and studied systematically and have summarized the following several reason tentatively:
The vehicle detection is laid unreasonably.
Data gathered can’t describe all states of the traffic flow of the expressway.
The traffic flow is not controlled scientifically.
This text has analyzed and studied to the above-mentioned problems and provide the corresponding countermeasure. The first part has described the current situation of the monitoring system of the expressway including the current situation of the capital equipment and that of researching algorithm measuring the incident automatically、traffic flow theory and control theory. The second part uses the technology of collecting samples and relevant theories in traffic engineering to study the method of laying vehicle detections. Meanwhile, regarding ShangHai-NanJing expressway as the instance, this text has designed the scheme of laying of the vehicle detections on its some highway sections. The third part mainly discusses the application at catching the information of the crowded traffic flow of the theory which regard the change of traffic flow as the fluctuation of a kind of fluid. On the basis of the second part , the fourth part has designed the process of controlling the traffic flow of expressway scientifically and rationally. Finally, this text studied the software structure of the monitoring system of expressway in term of the overall situation and then looked forward to the research trend of this subject.
引文
【1】马荣国,杨立波,交通工程设计理论与方法,北京:人民交通出版社,2002.74~77,79~80
【2】高速公路丛书编委会,高速公路交通工程及沿线设施,北京:人民交通出版社,1999,83~85
【3】杨琪,刘小明,高速公路事件自动探测研究进展,公路交通科技,1997年,6月,第2期
【4】王殿海, 曲昭伟,对交通流理论的再认识,交通运输工程学报,2001年,12月,第1卷,第4期
【5】宫晓燕等, 高速公路交通流建模综述,交通运输工程学报,2002年,3月,第2卷,第1期
【6】陈德望等,城市高速道路交通控制方法研究的回顾与展望,信息与控制,2002年,8月,第31卷,第4期
【7】金勇进等,抽样技术,北京:中国人民大学出版社,2002,27~32
【8】徐吉谦等,交通工程总论,北京:人民交通出版社,2002,104~108
【9】裴玉龙,程国柱,高速公路运行车速调查与限制车速问题研究,哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003年,2月,第35卷,第2期
【10】翁小雄,高速公路机电系统,北京:人民交通出版社,2000,64~66
【11】王炜,过秀成等,交通工程学,东南大学出版社,2000,118~122
【12】刘伟铭,高速公路系统控制方法,北京:人民交通出版社,1998,86~88,107~110
【13】刘文智,高速公路监控软件设计,公路交通科技,2003年,2月,第20卷,第1期
【14】Fretz Busch. Martin Fellendort,Automatic Incident Detection on Motorways Traffic, Engineering & Control, 1990(4),221~227
【15】MARKOS PAPAGEORGIOU,JEANM ARC BLOSS-EVILLE, HABIB HAJSALEM, Modelling and real-time control of traffic flow on the southern part of boulevard peripherique in Paris: part I: modeling [J].Transportation Research A,1990,24A(5):345~359.
【16】Yang Hai, Yagar S. An algorithm for the inflow control problem on urban freeway networks with user optimal flow. Transpn. Res.- B, 1994, 28(2):123~139
【2】高速公路丛书编委会,高速公路交通工程及沿线设施,北京:人民交通出版社,1999,83~85
【3】杨琪,刘小明,高速公路事件自动探测研究进展,公路交通科技,1997年,6月,第2期
【4】王殿海, 曲昭伟,对交通流理论的再认识,交通运输工程学报,2001年,12月,第1卷,第4期
【5】宫晓燕等, 高速公路交通流建模综述,交通运输工程学报,2002年,3月,第2卷,第1期
【6】陈德望等,城市高速道路交通控制方法研究的回顾与展望,信息与控制,2002年,8月,第31卷,第4期
【7】金勇进等,抽样技术,北京:中国人民大学出版社,2002,27~32
【8】徐吉谦等,交通工程总论,北京:人民交通出版社,2002,104~108
【9】裴玉龙,程国柱,高速公路运行车速调查与限制车速问题研究,哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003年,2月,第35卷,第2期
【10】翁小雄,高速公路机电系统,北京:人民交通出版社,2000,64~66
【11】王炜,过秀成等,交通工程学,东南大学出版社,2000,118~122
【12】刘伟铭,高速公路系统控制方法,北京:人民交通出版社,1998,86~88,107~110
【13】刘文智,高速公路监控软件设计,公路交通科技,2003年,2月,第20卷,第1期
【14】Fretz Busch. Martin Fellendort,Automatic Incident Detection on Motorways Traffic, Engineering & Control, 1990(4),221~227
【15】MARKOS PAPAGEORGIOU,JEANM ARC BLOSS-EVILLE, HABIB HAJSALEM, Modelling and real-time control of traffic flow on the southern part of boulevard peripherique in Paris: part I: modeling [J].Transportation Research A,1990,24A(5):345~359.
【16】Yang Hai, Yagar S. An algorithm for the inflow control problem on urban freeway networks with user optimal flow. Transpn. Res.- B, 1994, 28(2):123~139