网格环境下企业信息系统集成关键问题研究
|
摘要
本文将网格技术应用到企业信息系统集成领域,着重对网格环境下企业信息系统集成(Enterprise Information System Integration Based on Grid, EISIBG)的体系结构框架、模型实现、平台设计、构建方法与资源调度策略等几个关键问题进行研究,以期有效地消除“信息孤岛”,更加高效、便捷地访问所需的各种数据。论文主要工作如下：
首先,概括网格的基本理论,包括网格的概念、体系结构和多智能体理论,分析企业信息共享与集成的研究现状以及企业信息系统集成在网格时代面临的机遇和挑战,探讨EISIBG的选题背景和研究意义。
其次,针对企业信息系统特点,采用网格层次化设计思想,对OGSA网格体系结构进行改进和扩展,提出一种新的易于使用网格服务的EISIBG层次化体系结构；在此基础上设计基于FEAF的六层EISIBG体系结构框架,使用视角矩阵图展示体系结构框架不同部分的各个方面,并分析EISIBG的原型系统模型实现,以及基于UML设计EISIBG体系结构框架产品的模型实现。
第三,针对目前企业信息系统中普遍存在的数据和业务异构问题,引入多智能体系统(Multi-Agents System, MAS),提出多智能体EISIBG集成平台。分析平台的Agent组成及功能,设计平台的基本构成单元——服务驱动型协作Agent的元模型,在此基础上,研究EISIBG平台MAS联盟的协作模式,给出MAS联盟的形式化语义,讨论MAS联盟的服务流、信息流和断点工作流设计,以联盟的方式提高MAS的全局效率,为企业信息系统网格环境集成提供有力的平台支持,最后,佐证说明。
第四,提出一种网格环境下企业信息系统构建方法,研究EISIBG构件的定义、知识库的组成和划分,并深入探讨各类构件的设计和生产方法,最后提出基于按单定制思想的企业信息系统组装和实现过程。
第五,根据调度任务是否存在前后依赖关系,分别建立独立型任务调度模型和依赖型任务调度模型。在此基础上,针对独立型任务调度提出一种改进算法,算法着重考虑特定任务只能由特定资源来完成的问题,从而引入资源计算能力方面的约束；针对依赖型任务调度提出一种新的任务调度策略,着重考虑各子任务执行时的前后次序,最后,通过仿真验证所提算法的有效性。
This dissertation applies the Grid Technology to the area of Enterprise Information System Integration (EISI), focusing on several key issues of Enterprise Information System Integration Based on Grid (EISIBG) such as the architecture framework, model implementation, platform design, construction methods and resource scheduling strategy. The target is to effectively eliminate "Information Island" and to access variety of data more efficient and convenient. The main contributions are as below:
First, the fundamental theory of Grid is summarized, including Grid concept, architecture and Multi-Agents theory. The current research on enterprise information sharing and integration and the opportunities and challenges of EISI at Grid times are analyzed. The research background and significance of EISIBG were also addressed.
Second, based on the characteristics of enterprise information system, a new EISIBG hierarchical system architecture easy to apply Grid services is proposed by adopting hierarchical grid design idea and improving and expanding OGSA grid architecture. In addition, FEAF-based six-layer EISIBG architecture framework is designed and various aspects of different parts of the framework are displayed using the architecture perspective matrix diagram. Furthermore, EISIBG prototype system modeling is investigated and EISIBG architecture framework products model based on UML is developed.
Third, to solve the common issues of data sources and service heterogeneous in current enterprise information system, Multi-Agents System (MAS) and Multi-Agents EISIBG integration platform are introduced. Through the analysis of Agent composition and function of the platform, the basic component of EISIBG platform, the service-driven collaborated Agent meta-model, is built. Based on the above models, MAS Union collaboration mode on EISIBG platform is further studied and its formal semantics is provided. The service flow, information flow and breakpoint workflow of MAS Union are designed to improve the overall efficiency of MAS and to provide the strong platform support for EISIBG integration. Finally, some examples are provided.
Fourth, an enterprise information system building technique under grid is proposed. Then EISIBG component definition, knowledge library composition and division, and the design and production methods of different components are further investigated. Finally, the integration and implementation process of enterprise information system based on Build-To-Order is presented.
Fifth, according to the dependency between the scheduling tasks, the Independent Task Scheduling model and the Dependent Task Scheduling model are built individually. For Independent Task Scheduling, an improved algorithm is proposed which focuses on the feature that a specific task can only be completed by a specific resource and thus to bring in the resources computing capacity constraints. For Dependent Task Scheduling, a new scheduling strategy focusing on the execution order of sub-tasks is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by simulation.
首先,概括网格的基本理论,包括网格的概念、体系结构和多智能体理论,分析企业信息共享与集成的研究现状以及企业信息系统集成在网格时代面临的机遇和挑战,探讨EISIBG的选题背景和研究意义。
其次,针对企业信息系统特点,采用网格层次化设计思想,对OGSA网格体系结构进行改进和扩展,提出一种新的易于使用网格服务的EISIBG层次化体系结构；在此基础上设计基于FEAF的六层EISIBG体系结构框架,使用视角矩阵图展示体系结构框架不同部分的各个方面,并分析EISIBG的原型系统模型实现,以及基于UML设计EISIBG体系结构框架产品的模型实现。
第三,针对目前企业信息系统中普遍存在的数据和业务异构问题,引入多智能体系统(Multi-Agents System, MAS),提出多智能体EISIBG集成平台。分析平台的Agent组成及功能,设计平台的基本构成单元——服务驱动型协作Agent的元模型,在此基础上,研究EISIBG平台MAS联盟的协作模式,给出MAS联盟的形式化语义,讨论MAS联盟的服务流、信息流和断点工作流设计,以联盟的方式提高MAS的全局效率,为企业信息系统网格环境集成提供有力的平台支持,最后,佐证说明。
第四,提出一种网格环境下企业信息系统构建方法,研究EISIBG构件的定义、知识库的组成和划分,并深入探讨各类构件的设计和生产方法,最后提出基于按单定制思想的企业信息系统组装和实现过程。
第五,根据调度任务是否存在前后依赖关系,分别建立独立型任务调度模型和依赖型任务调度模型。在此基础上,针对独立型任务调度提出一种改进算法,算法着重考虑特定任务只能由特定资源来完成的问题,从而引入资源计算能力方面的约束；针对依赖型任务调度提出一种新的任务调度策略,着重考虑各子任务执行时的前后次序,最后,通过仿真验证所提算法的有效性。
This dissertation applies the Grid Technology to the area of Enterprise Information System Integration (EISI), focusing on several key issues of Enterprise Information System Integration Based on Grid (EISIBG) such as the architecture framework, model implementation, platform design, construction methods and resource scheduling strategy. The target is to effectively eliminate "Information Island" and to access variety of data more efficient and convenient. The main contributions are as below:
First, the fundamental theory of Grid is summarized, including Grid concept, architecture and Multi-Agents theory. The current research on enterprise information sharing and integration and the opportunities and challenges of EISI at Grid times are analyzed. The research background and significance of EISIBG were also addressed.
Second, based on the characteristics of enterprise information system, a new EISIBG hierarchical system architecture easy to apply Grid services is proposed by adopting hierarchical grid design idea and improving and expanding OGSA grid architecture. In addition, FEAF-based six-layer EISIBG architecture framework is designed and various aspects of different parts of the framework are displayed using the architecture perspective matrix diagram. Furthermore, EISIBG prototype system modeling is investigated and EISIBG architecture framework products model based on UML is developed.
Third, to solve the common issues of data sources and service heterogeneous in current enterprise information system, Multi-Agents System (MAS) and Multi-Agents EISIBG integration platform are introduced. Through the analysis of Agent composition and function of the platform, the basic component of EISIBG platform, the service-driven collaborated Agent meta-model, is built. Based on the above models, MAS Union collaboration mode on EISIBG platform is further studied and its formal semantics is provided. The service flow, information flow and breakpoint workflow of MAS Union are designed to improve the overall efficiency of MAS and to provide the strong platform support for EISIBG integration. Finally, some examples are provided.
Fourth, an enterprise information system building technique under grid is proposed. Then EISIBG component definition, knowledge library composition and division, and the design and production methods of different components are further investigated. Finally, the integration and implementation process of enterprise information system based on Build-To-Order is presented.
Fifth, according to the dependency between the scheduling tasks, the Independent Task Scheduling model and the Dependent Task Scheduling model are built individually. For Independent Task Scheduling, an improved algorithm is proposed which focuses on the feature that a specific task can only be completed by a specific resource and thus to bring in the resources computing capacity constraints. For Dependent Task Scheduling, a new scheduling strategy focusing on the execution order of sub-tasks is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by simulation.
引文
[1]王晋亮.消除“信息孤岛”的策略[J].科技情报开发与经济,2003,12：50-51
[2]Nolan R L., Managing the crisis in data processing[J].Harvard Business Review,1979,2:23-25
[3]Marchand D A., Kresslein J C., Information resources management and public administration[M].New York, Marcel Dekker,Inc.,1988
[4]霍国庆.企业战略信息管理[M].科学出版社,2001
[5]左美云.企业信息管理：强化项目管理实现企业知识管理[M].中国物价出版社,2002
[6]程刚著.企业管理信息化模式及实施保障体系[M].中国科学技术大学出版社,2003
[7]游战清.企业信息化理论与案例[M].机械工业出版社,2004
[8]Bieber M., Isakowitz T., Oliver J., An analysis framework for information comprehension and access management[C]. Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences,1995,4:604-613
[9]李艳霞,冯百明.基于Web Services的信息集成方案[J].计算机工程与设计,2009,30(7)：13-14
[10]Thieme C., Siebes A., Guiding schema integration by behavioural information 1995,20(4):305-316
[11]符宁,薛文.信息系统集成方法研究[J].微处理机,2007,28(6)：105-107,111
[12]王博,郭波.异构数据源模式集成方法研究[J].小型微型计算机系统.2008,29(6)：1020-1026
[13]和延立,杨海成,何卫平,周竞涛.信息集成与知识集成[J].计算机工程与应用,2003,39(4)：38-41
[14]Rossak W, Some thought on system integration:A conceptual framework[J]. Journal of System Integration.1991(1):9-14
[15]耿建光,赵刚,章翔峰,邓家提.企业信息集成系统中的过程管理[J].计算机集成制造,2001,7(12)：43-46
[16]钱学森.论系统工程(新世纪版)[M].上海交通大学出版社,2007
[17]汪芸,顾冠群.异构网络集成方法研究[J].计算机研究与发展,1997,34(3)：178-181
[18]罗伟其,徐宝民,刘永清.关于管理信息系统的综合集成研究问题[J].控制理论与应用,2000,17(1)：27-30
[19]高复先.冲出“孤岛”走向规划[J].中国计算机用户,2002,(41)：34-34
[20]Singh V., Systems integration-coping with legacy systems[J].Integrated Manufacturing Systems,1997(1):24-28
[21]Bidgoli H., Integration of technologies:An ultimate decision making aid[J].Industrial Management Data Systems,1993(1):11-13
[22]Stirling M., Petty D.& Travis I., A methodology for developing integrated information systems based on ERP package [J]. Business Process Management Journal,2002,8(5):34-38
[23]Kyung K K., Narayan S., Umanath. Information transfer in B2B procurement:an empirical analysis and measurement[J].Information& Management,2005,42(9):813-828
[24]石双元,张金隆,蔡淑琴.企业信息资源集成管理的若干问题[J].计算机工程与应用,2001,37(3)：54-56
[25]杨晓春,王月,王国仁,于戈.分布式信息共享环境下的信息合作模型[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2001,22(3)：257-260
[26]毕贵红,钱斌,杨肖鸳.虚拟企业的信息系统集成框架[J].计算机工程与应用,2003,39(18)：205-207,223
[27]李军怀,杨均亚,张景等.虚拟企业信息系统[J].计算机工程,2000,26(11)：174-177
[28]李瑜,黄必清,吴澄.虚拟企业信息管理系统[J].高技术通讯,2000,(9)：69-73
[29]刘宝坤,申亚芳,李阳.基于Intranet平台的企业内部信息集成方法的研究[J].工业仪表与自动化装置,2001(2)：60-62
[30]马士华.供应链企业之间的合作模式[J].电子商务世界,2003,(6)：68-70
[31]Foster I., Kesselman C., The grid:blueprint for a future computing infrastructure[M]. Morgan Kaufman Publishers, San Fransisco 1999
[32]都志辉,陈渝,刘鹏.网格计算[M].清华大学出版社,2002
[33]http://www.nature.com/nature/webmatters/grid/grid.html
[34]http://www.itg.lbl.gov/～johnston/Grids/DOE_Science_Grid_PImeeting_Jan,2002.1.ppt http://www.itg.lbl.gov/～johnston/Grids/DOEScienceGrid.and.ComputationalScience.ppt
[35]美国能源部的科学网格,DOE Science Grid. http://doesciencegrid.org/ http://doesciencegrid.org/Grid/papers/DOE_Science_Grid_Collaboratory_Pilot_Proposal_03_ 14.nobudget.pdf
[36]http://cs-www.bu.edu/cgi-bin/FAFNER/factor.p1[EB/OL]
[37]DeFanti T.,Foster I.& Papka M., Overview of the Ⅰ-WAY:wide area visual super computing[J]. International Journal of Supercomputer Appilcations,1996,10(2):123-130
[38]http://www.globus.org[EB/OL]
[39]Grimshaw A., Wulf W., The legion vision of a worldwide virtual computer[J]. Communications of the ACM,1997,40(l):39-45
[40]Litzkow M J., Livny M.& Mutka M W., Condor-a hunter of idle workstations[C]. Proceedings of the 8th Int'l Conference of Distributed Computing Systems(ICDCS'88),1988:104-111
[41]http://www.gridtoday.com/02/0722/100136.html
[42]http://www.globalgirdforum.com, Global, id Forum[EB/OL]
[43]方莉英.网格技术的研究方向的探讨[J].中国科技信息,2005,(17)：67-67
[44]赖玉霞.网格技术研发与应用综述[J].中国科技信息,2006,(3)：25-25
[45]Foster I., Kesselman C.& Tuecke S., The anatomy of the grid:enabling scalable virtual organizations[J].International J. Supercomputer Applications,2001,15(3):200-222
[46]Foster I., Kesselman C., Jeffrey M. N.& Tuecke S., The physiology of grid:an open grid services architecture for distributed systems integration[C].Open Grid Service Infrastructure WG,Global Grid Forum.2002
[47]http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-resource/ogsi_to_wsrfl.O.pdf
[48]http://www.globus.org/WSRF/2004-3-5/2005-4-20
[49]Tuecke S.,Czajkowski K.,ForsterI.,et al., Open grid services infrastructure (OGSI) Version 1.0[M].Global Grid Forum Draft Recommendation,2003
[50]徐志伟,李伟.织女星网格的体系结构研究.计算机研究与发展,2002,39(8)：923-929
[51]杨鹏,吴家皋.基于交互,面向服务的新一代网络体系结构模型研究[J].电子学报,2005,33(5)：804-809
[52]熊小勇,张苗苗.网格服务系统组装的研究与应用[J].计算机与现代化,2006,(6)：101-105,109
[53]赵新娟,谭国真,王寻羽.基于网格计算的供应链管理系统模型研究[J].计算机应用研究,2004,(4)：82-84
[54]张锦,杨东援.现代物流信息网格的体系结构模型[J].科技导报,2005,23(10)：48-51
[55]王同洋,秦保安,吴俊军.制造网格及其关键技术[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,23(2)：55-57
[56]吴华瑞,孙想.农业数据网格体系研究[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(11)：183-186
[57]Brucekner K L., Cselnyi J., E-market plates model integrated with logisties miero CAD2004[C].International Scientific Conference,Miskole,Hungary,2004:158-161
[58]李渊,王光明.基于需求链的协同商务模型研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(2)：443-447.
[59]Chen D., Doumeingts G., Vernadat F., Architectures for enterprise integration and interoperability:Past, present and future[J].Computers in Industry,2008,59(7):647-659
[60]王雪聪,唐晓青.虚拟企业质量管理系统体系结构研究[J].制造业自动化,2001,23(11)：9-13
[61]杨楠.网络化敏捷制造关键技术研究与应用[D].清华大学博士后研究报告,2001
[62]杨楠,王云莉,杨涛,肖田元.虚拟企业信息基础设施框架研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2002,8(3)：182-186
[63]杨楠,杨涛,韩向利,肖田元.敏捷企业合作环境下的企业注册代理[J].计算机集成制造系统,2001,7(7)：62-66
[64]戴文娟,岳惠敏.实现工业虚拟企业的信息基础设施[J].制造业自动化,2001,23(6)：18-21
[65]Lieberman H., Autonomous interface agents[C].CHI'97 Conf.Proc.on Human Factors in Computing Systems,1997:67-74
[66]Parunak H V D., Practical and industrial applications of DAI,G.Weiss(ed.)[C]. Introduction to Distributed Artificial Intelligence,MIT Press,1998:157-159
[67]Nwana H S., Rosenschein J., T Sandholm., Sierra C., Maes P., Guttmann R., Agent-mediated electronic commerce:issues, challenges and some viewpoints[C].Proc.of 2nd ACM Int.Conf.on Autonomous Agents,1998:189-196.
[68]Jennings N R., Faratin P., Norman T J., O'Brien P., Odgers B., Autonomous agents for business process management[J]. Int. J. of Applied Artificial Intelligence, 2000,14(2):145-189
[69]Atkins D E., Birmingham W P., Durfee E H.,et al., Toward inquiry-based education through interacting software agents[J].IEEE Computer,1996,29(5):69-76
[70]Chen H., Houston A., Nunamaker J.,& Yen J., Toward intelligent meeting agents[J]. IEEE Computer,1996,29(8):62-70
[71]Maes P., Artificial life meets entertainment:life like autonomous agents[J]. Communications of the ACM,1995,38(11):108-114
[72]Davison R G, Hardwicke J J., Cox M D J., Applying the agent paradigm to network management[J].BT Technology Journal,1998,16(7):86-93
[73]Kishore R., Zhang H.& Ramesh R., Enterprise integration using the agent paradigm:
foundations of multi-agent-based integrative business information systems[J]. Decision Support Systems,2006,42(1):48-78
[74]Jennings N R., et al., ADEPT:Managing business processes using intelligent agents[C]. Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conference of the British Computer Society Specialist Group on Expert Systems,Cambridge,UK,1996:5-23
[75]李春林,卢正鼎,李腊元.基于Agent的计算网格资源管理[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2003,27(1)：7-10
[76]http://www.rl.af.mil/tech/programs/coabs/coabs.html
[77]http://www.avaki.com/file/pdf/proted/WhitePaper.pdf
[78]徐云,肖田元.网络化制造平台集成的网格模式研究[J].计算机工程,2007,33(4)：70-72
[79]张颖峰,李毓麟.基于进化算法的网格计算资源管理调度系统[J].计算机工程,2003,29(15)：110-175
[80]和延立,杨海成,何卫平等.基于网格原理的跨企业协同制造平台[J].计算机集成制造系统,2005,11(5)：636-639
[81]胡业发,陶飞等.支持协同制造的制造网格平台研究[J].中国机械工程,2006,17(9)：1903-1907
[82]Kosanke K., CIMOSA-overview and status[J]. Computers in Industry.1995,27(2):101-109
[83]Willams T J., The purdue enterprise reference architecture[J].Computers in Industry, 1994,24:107-115
[84]http://www.cit.go.edu.au/～bernus/taskforce/geram/versions/geraml-6-3/v1.6.3.pdf
[85]Sowa J F.,Zachman J A., Extending and formalizing the framework for information systems architecture[M].1992
[86]http://www.cio.gov/documents/fedarchl.pdf
[87]http://www.cio.gov/archive/fedarchl.pdf
[88]http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/egov/a-2-EAModelsNE W2.html
[89]Juan Trujillo, Emilio Soler, Eduardo Fernandez-Medina, Mario Piattini, A UML 2.0 profile to define security requirements for data warehouses[J].Computer Standards& Interfaces, 2009,31(5):969-983
[90]Christian F.J. Lange, Martijn A.M. Wijns, Michel R.V. Chaudron, Supporting task-oriented modeling using interactive UML views [J]. Journal of Visual Languages& Computing, 2007,18(4):399-419
[91]Marcos Lopez-Sanz, Cesar J. A., Carlos E. C., Esperanza Marcos, Modelling of service-oriented architectures with UML[J]. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science,2008,194(4):23-37
[92]James R., Ivar J.& Grady B., The unified modeling language reference manual [M]. Boston,MA,Addison-Wesley,2005
[93]http://www.slideshare.net/Alessio.Mosto/dod-architecture-framework-overview
[94]何戈,伍卫国,吴维刚,钱德沛,徐志伟WebCom:一个基于Web技术的计算网格入口工具包[J].计算机研究与发展,2004,41(1)：71-78
[95]Alonso J.M., de Alfonso C., Garcia G., Hernandez V., GRID technology for structural analysis[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2007,38(11-12):738-749
[96]Laszewski von G., Forster I., A Java commodity grid kit[J].Concurrency and
Computation:Practice and Experience,2001,13(8-9):643-662
[97]Novotny J., The gird portal development kit[M].Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley,CA,2003
[98]http://www.lesc.doc.ic.ac.uk/iceni/index.html
[99]http://glite.web.cern.ch/glite
[100]Iskra K A., Albada Van., Towards grid-aware time warp[J].Parallel and Distributed Simulation,2004(3):63-70
[101]Limaye K., Leangsuksun B., Reliability-aware resource management for computational grid/cluster environments[C].Grid Computing,The 6th IEEF/ACM International Workshop,2005,11:8-19
[102]Zhou Lei, Gabrielle Allen. ResGrid:a grid-aware toolkit for reservoir uncertainty analysis[C].Cluster Computing and the Grid, Sixth IEEE Intenrational Symposium, 2006,(1):249-252
[103]Pokahr A., Braubach L.& Lamersdorf W., A flexible BDI architecture supporting extensibility[C].Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology(IAT-2005),France,2005:379-385
[104]Gilad Z., Rosenschein J S., One, two, many:coalition in multi-agent systems[C]. Lectuer Notes in Artificial Inteligence,Vol 957,Berlin:Springer,1993:96-110
[105]Shehory O., Kraus S., Coailtion formation among autonomous agents:strategies and complexity[C].Lectuer Notes in Artificial Intelligence,Vol 957, Berlin:Springer,1993:57-72
[106]Ketchpel S., Coalition formation among autonomous agents[C]. Lecture Notes inArtificial Inteligence,Vol 957,Berlin:Springer,1993:73-88
[107]张岩,姜岩松,郭福顺.一种面向软件重用的多领域库管理与重组技术[J].计算机工程2001,27(1)：15-16
[108]杨千帆,刘孟仁.基于软件体系结构的可复用构件的组装[J].计算机与数字工程,2006,34(3)：102-104
[109]李绪蓉,丁秋林.基于业务构件的快速可重构信息系统研究[J].计算机科学,2003,30(3)：153-156
[110]何毅俊,徐楠,陈松乔.基于XML的构件组装平台的设计与实现[J].计算机测量与控制,2007,1 5(7)：933-936
[111]李岱峰,覃正,王永鑫.基于业务构件的企业信息整合应用研究[J].郑州大学学报,2006,39(5)：97-100
[112]朱海波.电子商务时代基于协同处理的企业ERP系统构建[J].物流技术,2007,(3)：111-113
[113]万麟瑞,胡宏,孙红星.面向构件的软件开发方法学研究[J].小型微型计算机系统,2002,24(3)：365-370
[1 14]张世琨,张文娟,常欣,王立福,杨芙清.基于软件体系结构的可复用构件制作和组装[J].软件学报,2001,12(9)：1351-1359
[115]吕明琪,薛锦云,胡启敏.基于软件体系结构的可复用构件模型[J].计算机应用研究,2008,1：120-122
[116]李晓静,彭春燕,田青.基于构件组装的信息处理软件开发方法[J].计算机技术与发展,2008,18(11)：128-130
[117]Stal M.Software-concepts& tools:What characterizes a component? [M]. Springer Verlag
1998
[118]耿雪霏.按单生产供应链运作关键问题研究[D].北京交通大学博士学位论文.2009
[119]徐一敏,马士华.基于客户订单的制造业企业的BOSC模式[J].物流技术,2007,(2)：192-193,208
[120]马玉波,陈荣秋.产品设计、流程设计与供应链设计决策协调-RBTO研究的新视角[J].物流技术,2007(6)：47-50
[121]倪沈冰,陈俊芳,张莉娜.分形理论在供应链管理中的应用[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(11)：113-116
[122]于艳飞,王效俐,刘红.基于分形理论的供应链管理模型分析[J].工业工程,2007,10(2)：38-41
[123]Maheswaran M., Ali S., Siegel H J., Dynamic mapping of a class of independent tasks onto heterogeneous computing systems[J]. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 1999,59(2):107-121
[124]Pietzuch P R.,Bacon J M.,Hermes:a distributed event-based middleware architecture[C]. Proc of the 1st International Workshop on Distributed Event-Based Systems,Berlin: Springer-Verlag,2002:611-618
[125]丁箐,陈国良,顾钧.计算网格环境下的一个统一资源映射策略[J].软件学报,2002,13(7)：1303-1308
[126]Ramos-Hernandez N., Tokhi O., et al., Mapping and scheduling for heterogeneous architectures[J]. Microprocessors and Microsystems,1999,23(l):7-23
[127]Braun R.,Siegel H., A comparison of eleven static heuristics for mapping aclass of independent tasks onto heterogeneous distrbuted computing systems[J].J of Parallel and Distributed Computing,2001,61(6):810-837
[128]Lbarra O H., Kim C E., Heuristic algorithms for scheduling independent tasks on non-identical processors [J]. Journal of ACM,1997,24(2):280-289
[129]Maheswaran M.,Ali S., et al., Dynamic matching and scheduling of a class of independent tasks onto heterogeneous computing systems[C].Procs. of the 8th IEEE Heterogeneous Computing Workshop,1999:30-44
[130]Topcuoglu H., Hariri S., et al., Task scheduling algorithms for heterogeneous processors[C]. Proceeding of the 8th Heterogeneous Computing Workshop,1999:3-14
[131]Freund R., Gherrity M., Ambrosius S., et al., Scheduling resources in multi-user, heterogeneous,computing environments with smart net[C].Proc of 7th Heterogeneous Computing Workshop,(HCW'98).Los Alamitos,USA,1998:184-199
[132]Braun T D,Siegel H J, Beck N, et al., A comparison study of static mapping heuristics for a class of meta-tasks on heterogeneous computing systems[C]. Proceedings of 8th Heterogeneous Computing Workshop (HCW'99), IEEE Computer Society,1999:15-29
[133]王玲利.网格计算中启发式任务调度算法的研究[D].浙江工业大学硕士学位论文,2007
[134]张金泉,倪丽娜,蒋昌俊等.独立任务调度的启发式算法[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,4 1(17)：22-25
[135]龙建成,高自友,马建军,李克平.铁路车站进路选择优化模型及求解算法的研究[J].铁道学报,2007,29(5)：7-14
[136]曹耀钦,赵霜,宋建社.军用网格环境下基于优先权的Min-Min任务调度算法[J].微电子学 与计算机,2006,23(12)：8-11
[137]魏天宇,曾文华,黄宝边.基于Min-Min改进后的网格调度算法[J].计算机应用,2005,25(5)：1190-1192
[138]王玲利,黄德才.Dev_Min-Min:一种基于最小偏差的网格调度算法[J].浙江工业大学学报,2007,34(4)：431-436
[139]Kobra E., Naghibzadeh M. A min-min max-min selective algorithm for grid task scheduling[C].3rd IEEE/1FIP International Conference in Central Asia,2007:1-7
[140]罗红,慕德俊,邓智群,王晓东.网格计算中任务调度研究综述[J].计算机应用研究,2005,5：16-19
[141]Zheng S J.,Shu W N.,Gao L, Task scheduling using parallel genetic simulated annealing algorithm[C].IEEE international Conference on Service Operations and Logistics and Informatics,2006:46-50
[142]Habib S J.,Al-Kazemi B S., Comparative study between the internal behavior of GA and PSO through problem-specific distance function[C].Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference,2005:2190-2195
[143]Xu Z H., Hou X D., SUN J Z., Ant algorithm-based task schedulingin grid computing[C]. IEEE CCECE2003,2003:1107-1110
[144]Kennedy J.,Eberhart R C., Particle swarm optimization[C].proceeding of the IEEE International Conference on Neural networks,Piscataway,1995:1942-1948
[145]季一木,王汝传.基于粒子群的网格任务调度算法研究[J].通信学报,2007,1 0(28)：60-66
[146]Abraham A.,Liu H B., Zhang W S.,Jobs Scheduling on Computational Grids Using Fuzzy Particle Swarm Algorithm[C].Proc of KES'06,2006:500-507
[147]Liao C J., Tseng C T.& Luarn P., A Discrete Version of Particle Swarm Optimization for Flowshop Seheduling Problems[J].Computers& Operations Research,2007, 34(10):3099-3111.
[148]梁正友,支成秀.基于离散粒子群算法的网格资源分配研究[J].计算机工程与科学,2007,10(29)：77-78
[2]Nolan R L., Managing the crisis in data processing[J].Harvard Business Review,1979,2:23-25
[3]Marchand D A., Kresslein J C., Information resources management and public administration[M].New York, Marcel Dekker,Inc.,1988
[4]霍国庆.企业战略信息管理[M].科学出版社,2001
[5]左美云.企业信息管理：强化项目管理实现企业知识管理[M].中国物价出版社,2002
[6]程刚著.企业管理信息化模式及实施保障体系[M].中国科学技术大学出版社,2003
[7]游战清.企业信息化理论与案例[M].机械工业出版社,2004
[8]Bieber M., Isakowitz T., Oliver J., An analysis framework for information comprehension and access management[C]. Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences,1995,4:604-613
[9]李艳霞,冯百明.基于Web Services的信息集成方案[J].计算机工程与设计,2009,30(7)：13-14
[10]Thieme C., Siebes A., Guiding schema integration by behavioural information 1995,20(4):305-316
[11]符宁,薛文.信息系统集成方法研究[J].微处理机,2007,28(6)：105-107,111
[12]王博,郭波.异构数据源模式集成方法研究[J].小型微型计算机系统.2008,29(6)：1020-1026
[13]和延立,杨海成,何卫平,周竞涛.信息集成与知识集成[J].计算机工程与应用,2003,39(4)：38-41
[14]Rossak W, Some thought on system integration:A conceptual framework[J]. Journal of System Integration.1991(1):9-14
[15]耿建光,赵刚,章翔峰,邓家提.企业信息集成系统中的过程管理[J].计算机集成制造,2001,7(12)：43-46
[16]钱学森.论系统工程(新世纪版)[M].上海交通大学出版社,2007
[17]汪芸,顾冠群.异构网络集成方法研究[J].计算机研究与发展,1997,34(3)：178-181
[18]罗伟其,徐宝民,刘永清.关于管理信息系统的综合集成研究问题[J].控制理论与应用,2000,17(1)：27-30
[19]高复先.冲出“孤岛”走向规划[J].中国计算机用户,2002,(41)：34-34
[20]Singh V., Systems integration-coping with legacy systems[J].Integrated Manufacturing Systems,1997(1):24-28
[21]Bidgoli H., Integration of technologies:An ultimate decision making aid[J].Industrial Management Data Systems,1993(1):11-13
[22]Stirling M., Petty D.& Travis I., A methodology for developing integrated information systems based on ERP package [J]. Business Process Management Journal,2002,8(5):34-38
[23]Kyung K K., Narayan S., Umanath. Information transfer in B2B procurement:an empirical analysis and measurement[J].Information& Management,2005,42(9):813-828
[24]石双元,张金隆,蔡淑琴.企业信息资源集成管理的若干问题[J].计算机工程与应用,2001,37(3)：54-56
[25]杨晓春,王月,王国仁,于戈.分布式信息共享环境下的信息合作模型[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2001,22(3)：257-260
[26]毕贵红,钱斌,杨肖鸳.虚拟企业的信息系统集成框架[J].计算机工程与应用,2003,39(18)：205-207,223
[27]李军怀,杨均亚,张景等.虚拟企业信息系统[J].计算机工程,2000,26(11)：174-177
[28]李瑜,黄必清,吴澄.虚拟企业信息管理系统[J].高技术通讯,2000,(9)：69-73
[29]刘宝坤,申亚芳,李阳.基于Intranet平台的企业内部信息集成方法的研究[J].工业仪表与自动化装置,2001(2)：60-62
[30]马士华.供应链企业之间的合作模式[J].电子商务世界,2003,(6)：68-70
[31]Foster I., Kesselman C., The grid:blueprint for a future computing infrastructure[M]. Morgan Kaufman Publishers, San Fransisco 1999
[32]都志辉,陈渝,刘鹏.网格计算[M].清华大学出版社,2002
[33]http://www.nature.com/nature/webmatters/grid/grid.html
[34]http://www.itg.lbl.gov/～johnston/Grids/DOE_Science_Grid_PImeeting_Jan,2002.1.ppt http://www.itg.lbl.gov/～johnston/Grids/DOEScienceGrid.and.ComputationalScience.ppt
[35]美国能源部的科学网格,DOE Science Grid. http://doesciencegrid.org/ http://doesciencegrid.org/Grid/papers/DOE_Science_Grid_Collaboratory_Pilot_Proposal_03_ 14.nobudget.pdf
[36]http://cs-www.bu.edu/cgi-bin/FAFNER/factor.p1[EB/OL]
[37]DeFanti T.,Foster I.& Papka M., Overview of the Ⅰ-WAY:wide area visual super computing[J]. International Journal of Supercomputer Appilcations,1996,10(2):123-130
[38]http://www.globus.org[EB/OL]
[39]Grimshaw A., Wulf W., The legion vision of a worldwide virtual computer[J]. Communications of the ACM,1997,40(l):39-45
[40]Litzkow M J., Livny M.& Mutka M W., Condor-a hunter of idle workstations[C]. Proceedings of the 8th Int'l Conference of Distributed Computing Systems(ICDCS'88),1988:104-111
[41]http://www.gridtoday.com/02/0722/100136.html
[42]http://www.globalgirdforum.com, Global, id Forum[EB/OL]
[43]方莉英.网格技术的研究方向的探讨[J].中国科技信息,2005,(17)：67-67
[44]赖玉霞.网格技术研发与应用综述[J].中国科技信息,2006,(3)：25-25
[45]Foster I., Kesselman C.& Tuecke S., The anatomy of the grid:enabling scalable virtual organizations[J].International J. Supercomputer Applications,2001,15(3):200-222
[46]Foster I., Kesselman C., Jeffrey M. N.& Tuecke S., The physiology of grid:an open grid services architecture for distributed systems integration[C].Open Grid Service Infrastructure WG,Global Grid Forum.2002
[47]http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-resource/ogsi_to_wsrfl.O.pdf
[48]http://www.globus.org/WSRF/2004-3-5/2005-4-20
[49]Tuecke S.,Czajkowski K.,ForsterI.,et al., Open grid services infrastructure (OGSI) Version 1.0[M].Global Grid Forum Draft Recommendation,2003
[50]徐志伟,李伟.织女星网格的体系结构研究.计算机研究与发展,2002,39(8)：923-929
[51]杨鹏,吴家皋.基于交互,面向服务的新一代网络体系结构模型研究[J].电子学报,2005,33(5)：804-809
[52]熊小勇,张苗苗.网格服务系统组装的研究与应用[J].计算机与现代化,2006,(6)：101-105,109
[53]赵新娟,谭国真,王寻羽.基于网格计算的供应链管理系统模型研究[J].计算机应用研究,2004,(4)：82-84
[54]张锦,杨东援.现代物流信息网格的体系结构模型[J].科技导报,2005,23(10)：48-51
[55]王同洋,秦保安,吴俊军.制造网格及其关键技术[J].计算机应用与软件,2006,23(2)：55-57
[56]吴华瑞,孙想.农业数据网格体系研究[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(11)：183-186
[57]Brucekner K L., Cselnyi J., E-market plates model integrated with logisties miero CAD2004[C].International Scientific Conference,Miskole,Hungary,2004:158-161
[58]李渊,王光明.基于需求链的协同商务模型研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(2)：443-447.
[59]Chen D., Doumeingts G., Vernadat F., Architectures for enterprise integration and interoperability:Past, present and future[J].Computers in Industry,2008,59(7):647-659
[60]王雪聪,唐晓青.虚拟企业质量管理系统体系结构研究[J].制造业自动化,2001,23(11)：9-13
[61]杨楠.网络化敏捷制造关键技术研究与应用[D].清华大学博士后研究报告,2001
[62]杨楠,王云莉,杨涛,肖田元.虚拟企业信息基础设施框架研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2002,8(3)：182-186
[63]杨楠,杨涛,韩向利,肖田元.敏捷企业合作环境下的企业注册代理[J].计算机集成制造系统,2001,7(7)：62-66
[64]戴文娟,岳惠敏.实现工业虚拟企业的信息基础设施[J].制造业自动化,2001,23(6)：18-21
[65]Lieberman H., Autonomous interface agents[C].CHI'97 Conf.Proc.on Human Factors in Computing Systems,1997:67-74
[66]Parunak H V D., Practical and industrial applications of DAI,G.Weiss(ed.)[C]. Introduction to Distributed Artificial Intelligence,MIT Press,1998:157-159
[67]Nwana H S., Rosenschein J., T Sandholm., Sierra C., Maes P., Guttmann R., Agent-mediated electronic commerce:issues, challenges and some viewpoints[C].Proc.of 2nd ACM Int.Conf.on Autonomous Agents,1998:189-196.
[68]Jennings N R., Faratin P., Norman T J., O'Brien P., Odgers B., Autonomous agents for business process management[J]. Int. J. of Applied Artificial Intelligence, 2000,14(2):145-189
[69]Atkins D E., Birmingham W P., Durfee E H.,et al., Toward inquiry-based education through interacting software agents[J].IEEE Computer,1996,29(5):69-76
[70]Chen H., Houston A., Nunamaker J.,& Yen J., Toward intelligent meeting agents[J]. IEEE Computer,1996,29(8):62-70
[71]Maes P., Artificial life meets entertainment:life like autonomous agents[J]. Communications of the ACM,1995,38(11):108-114
[72]Davison R G, Hardwicke J J., Cox M D J., Applying the agent paradigm to network management[J].BT Technology Journal,1998,16(7):86-93
[73]Kishore R., Zhang H.& Ramesh R., Enterprise integration using the agent paradigm:
foundations of multi-agent-based integrative business information systems[J]. Decision Support Systems,2006,42(1):48-78
[74]Jennings N R., et al., ADEPT:Managing business processes using intelligent agents[C]. Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conference of the British Computer Society Specialist Group on Expert Systems,Cambridge,UK,1996:5-23
[75]李春林,卢正鼎,李腊元.基于Agent的计算网格资源管理[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2003,27(1)：7-10
[76]http://www.rl.af.mil/tech/programs/coabs/coabs.html
[77]http://www.avaki.com/file/pdf/proted/WhitePaper.pdf
[78]徐云,肖田元.网络化制造平台集成的网格模式研究[J].计算机工程,2007,33(4)：70-72
[79]张颖峰,李毓麟.基于进化算法的网格计算资源管理调度系统[J].计算机工程,2003,29(15)：110-175
[80]和延立,杨海成,何卫平等.基于网格原理的跨企业协同制造平台[J].计算机集成制造系统,2005,11(5)：636-639
[81]胡业发,陶飞等.支持协同制造的制造网格平台研究[J].中国机械工程,2006,17(9)：1903-1907
[82]Kosanke K., CIMOSA-overview and status[J]. Computers in Industry.1995,27(2):101-109
[83]Willams T J., The purdue enterprise reference architecture[J].Computers in Industry, 1994,24:107-115
[84]http://www.cit.go.edu.au/～bernus/taskforce/geram/versions/geraml-6-3/v1.6.3.pdf
[85]Sowa J F.,Zachman J A., Extending and formalizing the framework for information systems architecture[M].1992
[86]http://www.cio.gov/documents/fedarchl.pdf
[87]http://www.cio.gov/archive/fedarchl.pdf
[88]http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/egov/a-2-EAModelsNE W2.html
[89]Juan Trujillo, Emilio Soler, Eduardo Fernandez-Medina, Mario Piattini, A UML 2.0 profile to define security requirements for data warehouses[J].Computer Standards& Interfaces, 2009,31(5):969-983
[90]Christian F.J. Lange, Martijn A.M. Wijns, Michel R.V. Chaudron, Supporting task-oriented modeling using interactive UML views [J]. Journal of Visual Languages& Computing, 2007,18(4):399-419
[91]Marcos Lopez-Sanz, Cesar J. A., Carlos E. C., Esperanza Marcos, Modelling of service-oriented architectures with UML[J]. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science,2008,194(4):23-37
[92]James R., Ivar J.& Grady B., The unified modeling language reference manual [M]. Boston,MA,Addison-Wesley,2005
[93]http://www.slideshare.net/Alessio.Mosto/dod-architecture-framework-overview
[94]何戈,伍卫国,吴维刚,钱德沛,徐志伟WebCom:一个基于Web技术的计算网格入口工具包[J].计算机研究与发展,2004,41(1)：71-78
[95]Alonso J.M., de Alfonso C., Garcia G., Hernandez V., GRID technology for structural analysis[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2007,38(11-12):738-749
[96]Laszewski von G., Forster I., A Java commodity grid kit[J].Concurrency and
Computation:Practice and Experience,2001,13(8-9):643-662
[97]Novotny J., The gird portal development kit[M].Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley,CA,2003
[98]http://www.lesc.doc.ic.ac.uk/iceni/index.html
[99]http://glite.web.cern.ch/glite
[100]Iskra K A., Albada Van., Towards grid-aware time warp[J].Parallel and Distributed Simulation,2004(3):63-70
[101]Limaye K., Leangsuksun B., Reliability-aware resource management for computational grid/cluster environments[C].Grid Computing,The 6th IEEF/ACM International Workshop,2005,11:8-19
[102]Zhou Lei, Gabrielle Allen. ResGrid:a grid-aware toolkit for reservoir uncertainty analysis[C].Cluster Computing and the Grid, Sixth IEEE Intenrational Symposium, 2006,(1):249-252
[103]Pokahr A., Braubach L.& Lamersdorf W., A flexible BDI architecture supporting extensibility[C].Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology(IAT-2005),France,2005:379-385
[104]Gilad Z., Rosenschein J S., One, two, many:coalition in multi-agent systems[C]. Lectuer Notes in Artificial Inteligence,Vol 957,Berlin:Springer,1993:96-110
[105]Shehory O., Kraus S., Coailtion formation among autonomous agents:strategies and complexity[C].Lectuer Notes in Artificial Intelligence,Vol 957, Berlin:Springer,1993:57-72
[106]Ketchpel S., Coalition formation among autonomous agents[C]. Lecture Notes inArtificial Inteligence,Vol 957,Berlin:Springer,1993:73-88
[107]张岩,姜岩松,郭福顺.一种面向软件重用的多领域库管理与重组技术[J].计算机工程2001,27(1)：15-16
[108]杨千帆,刘孟仁.基于软件体系结构的可复用构件的组装[J].计算机与数字工程,2006,34(3)：102-104
[109]李绪蓉,丁秋林.基于业务构件的快速可重构信息系统研究[J].计算机科学,2003,30(3)：153-156
[110]何毅俊,徐楠,陈松乔.基于XML的构件组装平台的设计与实现[J].计算机测量与控制,2007,1 5(7)：933-936
[111]李岱峰,覃正,王永鑫.基于业务构件的企业信息整合应用研究[J].郑州大学学报,2006,39(5)：97-100
[112]朱海波.电子商务时代基于协同处理的企业ERP系统构建[J].物流技术,2007,(3)：111-113
[113]万麟瑞,胡宏,孙红星.面向构件的软件开发方法学研究[J].小型微型计算机系统,2002,24(3)：365-370
[1 14]张世琨,张文娟,常欣,王立福,杨芙清.基于软件体系结构的可复用构件制作和组装[J].软件学报,2001,12(9)：1351-1359
[115]吕明琪,薛锦云,胡启敏.基于软件体系结构的可复用构件模型[J].计算机应用研究,2008,1：120-122
[116]李晓静,彭春燕,田青.基于构件组装的信息处理软件开发方法[J].计算机技术与发展,2008,18(11)：128-130
[117]Stal M.Software-concepts& tools:What characterizes a component? [M]. Springer Verlag
1998
[118]耿雪霏.按单生产供应链运作关键问题研究[D].北京交通大学博士学位论文.2009
[119]徐一敏,马士华.基于客户订单的制造业企业的BOSC模式[J].物流技术,2007,(2)：192-193,208
[120]马玉波,陈荣秋.产品设计、流程设计与供应链设计决策协调-RBTO研究的新视角[J].物流技术,2007(6)：47-50
[121]倪沈冰,陈俊芳,张莉娜.分形理论在供应链管理中的应用[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(11)：113-116
[122]于艳飞,王效俐,刘红.基于分形理论的供应链管理模型分析[J].工业工程,2007,10(2)：38-41
[123]Maheswaran M., Ali S., Siegel H J., Dynamic mapping of a class of independent tasks onto heterogeneous computing systems[J]. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 1999,59(2):107-121
[124]Pietzuch P R.,Bacon J M.,Hermes:a distributed event-based middleware architecture[C]. Proc of the 1st International Workshop on Distributed Event-Based Systems,Berlin: Springer-Verlag,2002:611-618
[125]丁箐,陈国良,顾钧.计算网格环境下的一个统一资源映射策略[J].软件学报,2002,13(7)：1303-1308
[126]Ramos-Hernandez N., Tokhi O., et al., Mapping and scheduling for heterogeneous architectures[J]. Microprocessors and Microsystems,1999,23(l):7-23
[127]Braun R.,Siegel H., A comparison of eleven static heuristics for mapping aclass of independent tasks onto heterogeneous distrbuted computing systems[J].J of Parallel and Distributed Computing,2001,61(6):810-837
[128]Lbarra O H., Kim C E., Heuristic algorithms for scheduling independent tasks on non-identical processors [J]. Journal of ACM,1997,24(2):280-289
[129]Maheswaran M.,Ali S., et al., Dynamic matching and scheduling of a class of independent tasks onto heterogeneous computing systems[C].Procs. of the 8th IEEE Heterogeneous Computing Workshop,1999:30-44
[130]Topcuoglu H., Hariri S., et al., Task scheduling algorithms for heterogeneous processors[C]. Proceeding of the 8th Heterogeneous Computing Workshop,1999:3-14
[131]Freund R., Gherrity M., Ambrosius S., et al., Scheduling resources in multi-user, heterogeneous,computing environments with smart net[C].Proc of 7th Heterogeneous Computing Workshop,(HCW'98).Los Alamitos,USA,1998:184-199
[132]Braun T D,Siegel H J, Beck N, et al., A comparison study of static mapping heuristics for a class of meta-tasks on heterogeneous computing systems[C]. Proceedings of 8th Heterogeneous Computing Workshop (HCW'99), IEEE Computer Society,1999:15-29
[133]王玲利.网格计算中启发式任务调度算法的研究[D].浙江工业大学硕士学位论文,2007
[134]张金泉,倪丽娜,蒋昌俊等.独立任务调度的启发式算法[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,4 1(17)：22-25
[135]龙建成,高自友,马建军,李克平.铁路车站进路选择优化模型及求解算法的研究[J].铁道学报,2007,29(5)：7-14
[136]曹耀钦,赵霜,宋建社.军用网格环境下基于优先权的Min-Min任务调度算法[J].微电子学 与计算机,2006,23(12)：8-11
[137]魏天宇,曾文华,黄宝边.基于Min-Min改进后的网格调度算法[J].计算机应用,2005,25(5)：1190-1192
[138]王玲利,黄德才.Dev_Min-Min:一种基于最小偏差的网格调度算法[J].浙江工业大学学报,2007,34(4)：431-436
[139]Kobra E., Naghibzadeh M. A min-min max-min selective algorithm for grid task scheduling[C].3rd IEEE/1FIP International Conference in Central Asia,2007:1-7
[140]罗红,慕德俊,邓智群,王晓东.网格计算中任务调度研究综述[J].计算机应用研究,2005,5：16-19
[141]Zheng S J.,Shu W N.,Gao L, Task scheduling using parallel genetic simulated annealing algorithm[C].IEEE international Conference on Service Operations and Logistics and Informatics,2006:46-50
[142]Habib S J.,Al-Kazemi B S., Comparative study between the internal behavior of GA and PSO through problem-specific distance function[C].Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference,2005:2190-2195
[143]Xu Z H., Hou X D., SUN J Z., Ant algorithm-based task schedulingin grid computing[C]. IEEE CCECE2003,2003:1107-1110
[144]Kennedy J.,Eberhart R C., Particle swarm optimization[C].proceeding of the IEEE International Conference on Neural networks,Piscataway,1995:1942-1948
[145]季一木,王汝传.基于粒子群的网格任务调度算法研究[J].通信学报,2007,1 0(28)：60-66
[146]Abraham A.,Liu H B., Zhang W S.,Jobs Scheduling on Computational Grids Using Fuzzy Particle Swarm Algorithm[C].Proc of KES'06,2006:500-507
[147]Liao C J., Tseng C T.& Luarn P., A Discrete Version of Particle Swarm Optimization for Flowshop Seheduling Problems[J].Computers& Operations Research,2007, 34(10):3099-3111.
[148]梁正友,支成秀.基于离散粒子群算法的网格资源分配研究[J].计算机工程与科学,2007,10(29)：77-78