横风环境下动车组倾覆稳定性研究
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摘要
横风环境下,高速动车组气动性能恶化,严重时可能导致列车倾覆。尤其在特大桥梁、高路堤等特殊风环境下,动车组绕流流场改变,气动力显著增大,列车倾覆的可能性大大增加。因此研究特殊风环境下动车组横风稳定性,对于保障动车组行车安全有重要的现实意义。
本文以计算流体力学原理为基础,采用FLUENT软件对横风环境下动车组在桥梁、路堤、路堑及平地上的运行情况进行数值模拟,研究得到不同路况上动车组所受侧向力和倾覆力矩等的气动特性,及其外部流场压力和流速的分布规律。从动力学角度,根据力矩平衡原理推导了横风作用时车辆倾覆稳定性计算关系式。运用MATLAB软件开发了车辆倾覆稳定性分析系统,系统包括参数输入,气动数据分析,临界风速计算,临界车速计算,多种工况比较等功能。最后利用车辆倾覆稳定性分析系统研究了车体自重、重心高、横向振动加速度、曲线半径、曲线超高等因素对动车组倾覆稳定性的影响,并给出提高动车组抗倾覆性能的方法。
研究结果对于保障横风环境下动车组安全运行具有重要的参考价值和实际意义。
The aerodynamics of the high-speed EMU could be deteriorated in cross-wind, even make the train capsized. Especially in special windy circumstances such as large bridges and high embankments, the bypassing flow field of EMU changes, and the aerodynamic force increases sharply, therefore, the possibility of capsizing enhances. So, it is significantly important to ensure the security of travelling by researching on the cross-wind stability of EMU in special windy environment.
Based on the principle of CFD (computational fluid dynamics), the operation conditions of EMU on bridge, embankment, cut and flat in cross-wind were simulated numerically by FLUENT. The aerodynamic force, moment and the distribution law of the external flow field on different conditions were obtained. The equation of train stability was derived with the theory of moment balance from the view of dynmnics. An analysis system about capsizing stability was developed by MATLAB, which consists of the following functions, inputting parameter, analyzing aerodynamic forces, calculating critical wind speed, critical vehicle speed, comparing various conditions and so on. By using this analysis system, the influence on capsizing stability of EMU was studied from the different factors, such as weight of the vehicle, height of the barycentre, lateral vibration acceleration, curve radius, curve superelevation. And then the methods of improving the stability of EMU were given.
The study results supply the great the referential and practical value for the security of EMU in cross-wind.
本文以计算流体力学原理为基础,采用FLUENT软件对横风环境下动车组在桥梁、路堤、路堑及平地上的运行情况进行数值模拟,研究得到不同路况上动车组所受侧向力和倾覆力矩等的气动特性,及其外部流场压力和流速的分布规律。从动力学角度,根据力矩平衡原理推导了横风作用时车辆倾覆稳定性计算关系式。运用MATLAB软件开发了车辆倾覆稳定性分析系统,系统包括参数输入,气动数据分析,临界风速计算,临界车速计算,多种工况比较等功能。最后利用车辆倾覆稳定性分析系统研究了车体自重、重心高、横向振动加速度、曲线半径、曲线超高等因素对动车组倾覆稳定性的影响,并给出提高动车组抗倾覆性能的方法。
研究结果对于保障横风环境下动车组安全运行具有重要的参考价值和实际意义。
The aerodynamics of the high-speed EMU could be deteriorated in cross-wind, even make the train capsized. Especially in special windy circumstances such as large bridges and high embankments, the bypassing flow field of EMU changes, and the aerodynamic force increases sharply, therefore, the possibility of capsizing enhances. So, it is significantly important to ensure the security of travelling by researching on the cross-wind stability of EMU in special windy environment.
Based on the principle of CFD (computational fluid dynamics), the operation conditions of EMU on bridge, embankment, cut and flat in cross-wind were simulated numerically by FLUENT. The aerodynamic force, moment and the distribution law of the external flow field on different conditions were obtained. The equation of train stability was derived with the theory of moment balance from the view of dynmnics. An analysis system about capsizing stability was developed by MATLAB, which consists of the following functions, inputting parameter, analyzing aerodynamic forces, calculating critical wind speed, critical vehicle speed, comparing various conditions and so on. By using this analysis system, the influence on capsizing stability of EMU was studied from the different factors, such as weight of the vehicle, height of the barycentre, lateral vibration acceleration, curve radius, curve superelevation. And then the methods of improving the stability of EMU were given.
The study results supply the great the referential and practical value for the security of EMU in cross-wind.
引文
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