海上漂浮式波浪能转换系统测试及性能优化研究
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摘要
日益加剧的能源危机迫使人们不断的寻找能够替代目前所依赖的矿产石油等不可再生能源的新的可再生能源。波浪能因其储量巨大,具有较高的开发可行性和潜在的经济效益,使得波浪能的开发利用在新能源开发领域备受人们的关注。
我国海岸线总长度3.2万公里,在漫长的海岸线和近岸海域分布着丰富的波浪能资源,将其加以开发利用必然能够在一定程度上缓解我国即将面对的能源危机。本论文介绍了一种漂浮式波浪能转换系统。论文首先设计了一个可以能够模拟不同波浪海况的模拟控制系统,并对漂浮式波浪能转换系统的能量转换环节进行了优化,然后通过实验验证了系统的优化对稳定功率输出的作用效果,并利用波浪模拟系统测试考察了不同波浪参数对漂浮式波浪能系统运行状态的影响,对测试结果进行分析得出结论,最后建议性的指出下一步研究的方向和内容。
The growing energy crisis forced people to find new renewable energy which can substitute for mineral oil and other non-renewable energy what we rely on currently. Wave energy got much attention in the field of new energy development, because of its enormous reserves, development feasibility and potential economic benefits.
China's total coastline is 32,000 kilometers long. There is much wealth of the wave energy resources distribute in the long coastline and inshore waters. If it be development and utilization of the wave energy, it must be able to alleviate to some extent, China is about to face the energy crisis in the future. In this paper we introduced one kind of floating wave energy conversion system. At first we designed a control system which could be able to simulate the different sea state and optimized the energy conversion link of the floating wave energy conversion systems. Then we verified the effect of optimization of the system to stabilize the power output by experiment. And we tested the influence of different wave parameters on the operating status of the floating wave energy systems by wave simulation system and analyzed the test results and concluded them. Finally, we proposed the direction and content of the future research.
我国海岸线总长度3.2万公里,在漫长的海岸线和近岸海域分布着丰富的波浪能资源,将其加以开发利用必然能够在一定程度上缓解我国即将面对的能源危机。本论文介绍了一种漂浮式波浪能转换系统。论文首先设计了一个可以能够模拟不同波浪海况的模拟控制系统,并对漂浮式波浪能转换系统的能量转换环节进行了优化,然后通过实验验证了系统的优化对稳定功率输出的作用效果,并利用波浪模拟系统测试考察了不同波浪参数对漂浮式波浪能系统运行状态的影响,对测试结果进行分析得出结论,最后建议性的指出下一步研究的方向和内容。
The growing energy crisis forced people to find new renewable energy which can substitute for mineral oil and other non-renewable energy what we rely on currently. Wave energy got much attention in the field of new energy development, because of its enormous reserves, development feasibility and potential economic benefits.
China's total coastline is 32,000 kilometers long. There is much wealth of the wave energy resources distribute in the long coastline and inshore waters. If it be development and utilization of the wave energy, it must be able to alleviate to some extent, China is about to face the energy crisis in the future. In this paper we introduced one kind of floating wave energy conversion system. At first we designed a control system which could be able to simulate the different sea state and optimized the energy conversion link of the floating wave energy conversion systems. Then we verified the effect of optimization of the system to stabilize the power output by experiment. And we tested the influence of different wave parameters on the operating status of the floating wave energy systems by wave simulation system and analyzed the test results and concluded them. Finally, we proposed the direction and content of the future research.
引文
[1]张焕芬.海洋能-未来的能源.中国科学院广州能源研究所.1987.
[2]苏林.海洋能源利用进展.中国高校科技与产业化.2004,6(6)：12-14.
[3]辛仁臣,刘豪.海洋资源.北京：中国石化出版社.2008[4]周凌云,世界能源危机与我国的能源安全.中国能源,2011.1：12-13.
[4]刘寅立,焦永芳.波浪能开发与利用研究进展[J].中国高新技术企业,2009(2)：19-20.
[5]李允武.海洋能源开发.北京,海洋出版社.2008.3.
[6]王长贵,喜文华,张焕芬,郭运珑.中国新能源的开发与利用[M].北京：能源出版社出版,1986(8).
[7]张大海.浮力摆式波浪能发电装置关键技术研究[博士学位论文],杭州：浙江大学,2011.
[8]Wang Chuankun, Lu Dechao. Division of China's ocean energy resources in rural zoning [R]. Science&Technology Department, State Oceanic Administration, the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power,1989,15-44.
[9]Hydropower Planning and Design Institute Under the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power, East China Investigation and Design Institute Shanghai Branch. The tidal energy resources survey off the Chinese coast [R].1985,1-76.
[10]施伟勇.中国的海洋能资源及其开发前景展望[J].太阳能学报.2011(6)：42-45.
[11]孙雅萍.21世纪海洋能源开发利用展望及其环境效应分析.哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报,1998,14(6)：26-28.
[12]戴庆忠.潮流能发电及潮流能发电装置.东方电机.2010(2)：18-20.
[13]王传崑.中国自然资源丛书(海洋卷)[M].北京：中国环境出版社,1995,189-225.
[14]吴文,蒋文浩.我国海水温差能资源蕴藏量和可开发量的估算[J].海洋工程,1988,6(1)：82-91.
[15]Wang C K. A survey of ocean energy resources China [M]. Beijing:China Ocean Press,1987,93-106.
[16]薛鸿超,谢金赞.中国海岸带水文[M].北京：海洋出版社,1996,7-8.
[17]马怀书,于庆武.我国毗邻海区表面波能的初步估算[J].海洋通报,1983,2(3)：73-81.
[18]许富祥.2001年中国海海浪分析及2002年中国海海浪预测.海洋预报.2002(4)：42-44.
[19]王忠,王传崑.我国海洋能开发利用情况分析[J].海洋环境科学,2006,25(4)：78-80.
[20]李允武.海洋能源开发[M].北京：海洋出版社,2008.138-178.
[21]张丽珍.海洋波浪能发电装置的研究现状与发展前景[J].湖北农业科学.2011(1)：161-164.
[22]余志.海洋波浪能发电技术进展[J].海洋工程,1993,11(1)：86-93.
[23]刘寅立,焦永芳.波浪能开发与利用研究进展[S].中国高新技术企业,2009,2：19-20.
[24]Lin Cui,Haifeng Wang, Yan Xiong, Yi Guo, et al. The Research on Conversion of Wave Power. Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, Zhejiang Province.2008.5
[25]徐柏林,马勇,金英兰.当今世界海洋发电发展趋势[J].发电设备,2000(1)：37-39,42.
[26]Sonal Patel海洋能源的利用与开发[J].可再生能源利用,2009,1：32-38.
[27]Salter, S. H. Wave Power, Nature,1974,249(3):13-17
[28]M. E. Mc Cormick. Ocean Wave Energy Conversion. John Wiley&Sons,1982:186-203
[29]McCormick M E. Ocean Engineering Wave Mechanics. Wiley Inersience, New York, 1973:103-115.
[30]张丽珍,羊晓晟,王世明,梁拥成.海洋波浪能发电装置的研究现状与发展前景.湖北农业科学.2011,50(1)：161-164.
[31]Drew B, Plummer A R, and Sahinkaya M N. A review of wave engergy converter technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath.2009,6.
[32]迈克康奈尔.波能发电的未来.水利水电快报.2001,1(7)：20-25.
[33]Clenent A,Mccullen P, Falcao A, et al. Wave energy in Europe:current and perspectives, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review,2002,6(5):22-24.
[34]陈思鉴.国外海洋能研究开发的现状及展望[J].新能源,1995,17(1)：16-21.
[35]简水靖,徐宗琦,林伶如.国内海浪发电前景探讨[J].(台)源季刊,1998,28(3)：119-126.
[36]Masaaki Imari. Yukihisa Washio, Hirotaka Osawa. Development of an offshore floating type wave power energy converter system "mighty whale" [J].Science& Technology in Japan.1997,60(15):81-84.
[37]黄铭,George A. Aggidis英国波浪发电设备及其系泊系统的研究,2006,8：3-40.
[38]刘正奇.波浪发电装置低输出状态的利用研究[J].机电工程技术,2003,32(6)：24-25.
[39]NTEL.Renewable Data Overview. Renewable Energy Annual 1997.1997,1(5):56-59.
[40]Cairns R B. Infared spectroscopic studies on solid oxygen:[dissertation]. Berkeley:Univ. of California,1965.
[41]Dalton G J,Alcorn R.Lewis T. Case study feasibility analysis of the Pelamis wave energy convertor in Ireland, Portugal and North America. Hydraulics and Maritime Research Centre (HMRC), University College Cork, Youngline Industrial Estate, Pouladuf f Road, Cork, Ireland.2009,10.
[42]龚媛.世界波浪发电技术的发展动态[J].电力需求侧管理,2008,10(6)：71-72.
[43]刘臻.岸式振荡水柱波浪发电装置的实验和数值模拟研究：(硕士学位论文).青岛：中国海洋大学,2002.
[44]Krock, H. J. Ocean Energy Recovery. The American Society of Civil Engineers.1989
[45]李仕成.振荡浮子式波能转换装置性能的实验研究： (硕士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2006.
[46]Palme, A. Wave Motion Turbine. Power.1990,52(18):200-205.
[47]McCormick H E, Brebbis C A, Walker S. Dynamic Andlysis of offshore structure, Ocean Engineering Wave.1979:223-230.
[48]陈加菁,王龙文.波力发电方案的工程性探讨[J].海洋工程,1995,13(1)：75-84.
[49]李远林.波浪理论及波浪载荷.广州：华南理工大学出版社,1994
[50]Skjelbreia L,Hendrickson J A. Fifth order gravity wave theory.Proc. of 7 Con.on Coastal Engc.1961,1 (2):334-351.
[51]邱大洪.波浪理论及其在工程中的应用.北京：海洋出版社,1985.
[52]文圣常,余宙文.海浪理论与计算原理.北京：科技出版社,1996.
[53]Jason I Gobat, Mark A, Grosenbaugh.A simple model for heave-induced dynamic tension in catenary moorings.Applied Ocean Research.23(2001)159-174
[54]Wendel K. Hydrodynamic Masses and Hydrodynamic Moments of Inertia. David Taylor Model Basin, Translation No.260,1956:79-81
[55]Keulegan G H,Patterson G W.Mathematical theory of irrigational translation waves. J. of the Res. of theNat. Bur. Stds.,1940,24(5):12-23
[56]Maehaute, B. L., D. Dwoky and A. Liu.:Shallow water waves:A Comparison of Theories And Experiments. Proc,11th Conf. On Coastal Eng. Vol.1,86-107.
[57]蒋德才.海洋波动力学.青岛：青岛海洋大学出版社,1992
[58]王载舆.数学物理方程与特殊函数.北京：清华大学出版社,1992
[59]周道良.多节漂浮式波浪发电装置的实验研究[硕士学位论文].大连：大连海事大学,2011.
[2]苏林.海洋能源利用进展.中国高校科技与产业化.2004,6(6)：12-14.
[3]辛仁臣,刘豪.海洋资源.北京：中国石化出版社.2008[4]周凌云,世界能源危机与我国的能源安全.中国能源,2011.1：12-13.
[4]刘寅立,焦永芳.波浪能开发与利用研究进展[J].中国高新技术企业,2009(2)：19-20.
[5]李允武.海洋能源开发.北京,海洋出版社.2008.3.
[6]王长贵,喜文华,张焕芬,郭运珑.中国新能源的开发与利用[M].北京：能源出版社出版,1986(8).
[7]张大海.浮力摆式波浪能发电装置关键技术研究[博士学位论文],杭州：浙江大学,2011.
[8]Wang Chuankun, Lu Dechao. Division of China's ocean energy resources in rural zoning [R]. Science&Technology Department, State Oceanic Administration, the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power,1989,15-44.
[9]Hydropower Planning and Design Institute Under the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power, East China Investigation and Design Institute Shanghai Branch. The tidal energy resources survey off the Chinese coast [R].1985,1-76.
[10]施伟勇.中国的海洋能资源及其开发前景展望[J].太阳能学报.2011(6)：42-45.
[11]孙雅萍.21世纪海洋能源开发利用展望及其环境效应分析.哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报,1998,14(6)：26-28.
[12]戴庆忠.潮流能发电及潮流能发电装置.东方电机.2010(2)：18-20.
[13]王传崑.中国自然资源丛书(海洋卷)[M].北京：中国环境出版社,1995,189-225.
[14]吴文,蒋文浩.我国海水温差能资源蕴藏量和可开发量的估算[J].海洋工程,1988,6(1)：82-91.
[15]Wang C K. A survey of ocean energy resources China [M]. Beijing:China Ocean Press,1987,93-106.
[16]薛鸿超,谢金赞.中国海岸带水文[M].北京：海洋出版社,1996,7-8.
[17]马怀书,于庆武.我国毗邻海区表面波能的初步估算[J].海洋通报,1983,2(3)：73-81.
[18]许富祥.2001年中国海海浪分析及2002年中国海海浪预测.海洋预报.2002(4)：42-44.
[19]王忠,王传崑.我国海洋能开发利用情况分析[J].海洋环境科学,2006,25(4)：78-80.
[20]李允武.海洋能源开发[M].北京：海洋出版社,2008.138-178.
[21]张丽珍.海洋波浪能发电装置的研究现状与发展前景[J].湖北农业科学.2011(1)：161-164.
[22]余志.海洋波浪能发电技术进展[J].海洋工程,1993,11(1)：86-93.
[23]刘寅立,焦永芳.波浪能开发与利用研究进展[S].中国高新技术企业,2009,2：19-20.
[24]Lin Cui,Haifeng Wang, Yan Xiong, Yi Guo, et al. The Research on Conversion of Wave Power. Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, Zhejiang Province.2008.5
[25]徐柏林,马勇,金英兰.当今世界海洋发电发展趋势[J].发电设备,2000(1)：37-39,42.
[26]Sonal Patel海洋能源的利用与开发[J].可再生能源利用,2009,1：32-38.
[27]Salter, S. H. Wave Power, Nature,1974,249(3):13-17
[28]M. E. Mc Cormick. Ocean Wave Energy Conversion. John Wiley&Sons,1982:186-203
[29]McCormick M E. Ocean Engineering Wave Mechanics. Wiley Inersience, New York, 1973:103-115.
[30]张丽珍,羊晓晟,王世明,梁拥成.海洋波浪能发电装置的研究现状与发展前景.湖北农业科学.2011,50(1)：161-164.
[31]Drew B, Plummer A R, and Sahinkaya M N. A review of wave engergy converter technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath.2009,6.
[32]迈克康奈尔.波能发电的未来.水利水电快报.2001,1(7)：20-25.
[33]Clenent A,Mccullen P, Falcao A, et al. Wave energy in Europe:current and perspectives, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review,2002,6(5):22-24.
[34]陈思鉴.国外海洋能研究开发的现状及展望[J].新能源,1995,17(1)：16-21.
[35]简水靖,徐宗琦,林伶如.国内海浪发电前景探讨[J].(台)源季刊,1998,28(3)：119-126.
[36]Masaaki Imari. Yukihisa Washio, Hirotaka Osawa. Development of an offshore floating type wave power energy converter system "mighty whale" [J].Science& Technology in Japan.1997,60(15):81-84.
[37]黄铭,George A. Aggidis英国波浪发电设备及其系泊系统的研究,2006,8：3-40.
[38]刘正奇.波浪发电装置低输出状态的利用研究[J].机电工程技术,2003,32(6)：24-25.
[39]NTEL.Renewable Data Overview. Renewable Energy Annual 1997.1997,1(5):56-59.
[40]Cairns R B. Infared spectroscopic studies on solid oxygen:[dissertation]. Berkeley:Univ. of California,1965.
[41]Dalton G J,Alcorn R.Lewis T. Case study feasibility analysis of the Pelamis wave energy convertor in Ireland, Portugal and North America. Hydraulics and Maritime Research Centre (HMRC), University College Cork, Youngline Industrial Estate, Pouladuf f Road, Cork, Ireland.2009,10.
[42]龚媛.世界波浪发电技术的发展动态[J].电力需求侧管理,2008,10(6)：71-72.
[43]刘臻.岸式振荡水柱波浪发电装置的实验和数值模拟研究：(硕士学位论文).青岛：中国海洋大学,2002.
[44]Krock, H. J. Ocean Energy Recovery. The American Society of Civil Engineers.1989
[45]李仕成.振荡浮子式波能转换装置性能的实验研究： (硕士学位论文).大连：大连理工大学,2006.
[46]Palme, A. Wave Motion Turbine. Power.1990,52(18):200-205.
[47]McCormick H E, Brebbis C A, Walker S. Dynamic Andlysis of offshore structure, Ocean Engineering Wave.1979:223-230.
[48]陈加菁,王龙文.波力发电方案的工程性探讨[J].海洋工程,1995,13(1)：75-84.
[49]李远林.波浪理论及波浪载荷.广州：华南理工大学出版社,1994
[50]Skjelbreia L,Hendrickson J A. Fifth order gravity wave theory.Proc. of 7 Con.on Coastal Engc.1961,1 (2):334-351.
[51]邱大洪.波浪理论及其在工程中的应用.北京：海洋出版社,1985.
[52]文圣常,余宙文.海浪理论与计算原理.北京：科技出版社,1996.
[53]Jason I Gobat, Mark A, Grosenbaugh.A simple model for heave-induced dynamic tension in catenary moorings.Applied Ocean Research.23(2001)159-174
[54]Wendel K. Hydrodynamic Masses and Hydrodynamic Moments of Inertia. David Taylor Model Basin, Translation No.260,1956:79-81
[55]Keulegan G H,Patterson G W.Mathematical theory of irrigational translation waves. J. of the Res. of theNat. Bur. Stds.,1940,24(5):12-23
[56]Maehaute, B. L., D. Dwoky and A. Liu.:Shallow water waves:A Comparison of Theories And Experiments. Proc,11th Conf. On Coastal Eng. Vol.1,86-107.
[57]蒋德才.海洋波动力学.青岛：青岛海洋大学出版社,1992
[58]王载舆.数学物理方程与特殊函数.北京：清华大学出版社,1992
[59]周道良.多节漂浮式波浪发电装置的实验研究[硕士学位论文].大连：大连海事大学,2011.