地震后损伤框架结构的碳纤维加固研究
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摘要
我国作为一个地震多发国家,地震后,有部分的房屋在“大震不倒,中震可修,小震不坏”的原则下经过维修与加固可以继续使用。而加固方案的优劣,影响的不仅仅资金的投入,更重要的是影响加固质量。本文设计了两榀框架,在模拟地震作用后,成为了损伤的混凝土框架结构,我们对其用碳纤维和灌封胶这两种方法进行加固,再对这两榀框架进行低周反复荷载试验。我们通过试验数据,说明：碳纤维加固钢筋混凝土框架结构能够明显提高其抗震能力,而且对节点加固能够显著增加框架结构的延性。证明该加固方案切实可行。运用ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立两个试件的模型,并分别进行非线性分析,将分析结果与试验数据、理论分析结果进行对比,经过分析,试验值和模拟值吻合较好。通过研究分析加固方式的加固效果及其优点,总结试验过程中的经验,为实际加固工程的应用打下坚实基础
China is a country prone to earthquakes. According to the field survey and analysis, most of seriously damaged buildings and all commonly damaged ones in earthquakes can still be used after appropriate maintenance and reinforcement. The reinforcement scheme directly influences the investment of capital and, more importantly, the quality of reinforcement. Abundant resource of information is obtained since the research on maintenance and reinforcement of concrete structures by carbon fiber sheet began in China in the 1990s. However, the main purpose of the previous research lay in CFRP reinforced single components and joints such as simply supported beams, overhanging beams and columns while there is little research on integral frame structures of reinforced concrete. In view of this, the reinforcement design and experimental study of damaged concrete frame structures constitute the main contents of this dissertation. Two frames were designed to be subjected to horizontal low cyclic loading, one for reinforcement and another for comparison. The tests show that the seismic behavior of concrete frame structures can be improved after reinforced with CFRP and the ductility of frame structures be increased significantly after joints' reinforcement. The reinforcement scheme is proved feasible. The models of the two test specimens were created by the finite element analysis package ABAQUS and nonlinear simulations were performed. Excellent agreement is observed when comparing the results of the experiment with those from the simulations. The reinforcement effect was investigated and the experience in testing was introduced for possible application to practical reinforcement projects in future.
China is a country prone to earthquakes. According to the field survey and analysis, most of seriously damaged buildings and all commonly damaged ones in earthquakes can still be used after appropriate maintenance and reinforcement. The reinforcement scheme directly influences the investment of capital and, more importantly, the quality of reinforcement. Abundant resource of information is obtained since the research on maintenance and reinforcement of concrete structures by carbon fiber sheet began in China in the 1990s. However, the main purpose of the previous research lay in CFRP reinforced single components and joints such as simply supported beams, overhanging beams and columns while there is little research on integral frame structures of reinforced concrete. In view of this, the reinforcement design and experimental study of damaged concrete frame structures constitute the main contents of this dissertation. Two frames were designed to be subjected to horizontal low cyclic loading, one for reinforcement and another for comparison. The tests show that the seismic behavior of concrete frame structures can be improved after reinforced with CFRP and the ductility of frame structures be increased significantly after joints' reinforcement. The reinforcement scheme is proved feasible. The models of the two test specimens were created by the finite element analysis package ABAQUS and nonlinear simulations were performed. Excellent agreement is observed when comparing the results of the experiment with those from the simulations. The reinforcement effect was investigated and the experience in testing was introduced for possible application to practical reinforcement projects in future.
引文
1.赵彤,谢剑.碳纤维布补强加固混凝土结构新技术.天津：天津大学出版社,2001
2.李建保,王厚亮,孙格靓等.炭纤维复合材料在智能建筑结构中的应用.炭素技术,2000,(4)：54-57
3. Li J, Hadi MNS. Behaviour of externally confined high-strength concrete columns under eccentric loading. Composite Structures,2003,62:145-153
4. Shahawy M, Chaallal O, Beitelman TB. Flexural strengthening with carbon fiber reinforced full-scale girders. ACI Structural Journal,2000,98(5):735-742
5. Tanwongsval S, Maalej M, Paramasivam P. Strengthening of RC wall-like column with FRP under substained loading. Materials and Structures,2003,36:282-290
6. Meier U, Kaiser H. Strengthening of structures with CFRP laminates. Proceeding of the Specialty Conference. Las Vegas:ASCE,1993,119(10):52-56
7. Nanni A. Flexural behavior and design of RC members using FRP reinforcement. Journal of Structure Engineering-ASCE,1993,119(11):48-52
8. Ritchie PA, Thomas DA, Lu LW, et al. External reinforced of concrete beams using fiber reinforced plastics. ACI Structural Journal,1991,64(8):299-307
9. Deskovic N, Triantafillou TC. Innovative design of FRP combined with concrete short-term behavior. Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,1995,121(7):324-329
10. Saadatmanesh H, Ehsani MR. Fiber composite plates can strengthen beams. Concrete International,1990,65-71
11.吴智深.FRP复合材料在基础工程设施的增强和加固方面的现状与发展.见：中国纤维增强塑料(FRP)混凝土结构学术交流会论文集.北京：国家工业建筑诊断与改造工程技术研究中心,2000
12. Morris T, Saadamanesh H, Ehsani MR. Sheer and flexural strengthening of R/C beams with carbon fiber sheets. Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,1997,123(7):903-911
13. Sharif A, Al-Sulaimani GJ, Basunbul IA, et al. Strengthening of initially loaded reinforced concrete beams using FRP plates. ACI Structural Journal,1994,91(2):160-168
14. Arduini M, Nanni A. Behavior of precracked RC beams strengthened with carbon FRP sheets. Journal of Composites for Construction,1997,1 (2):63-70
15.赵彤,谢剑,戴自强等.碳纤维织物补强加固混凝土结构研究(综述).工程力学(增刊),2004,758-763
16. Sebastian WM. Significance of midspan debonding failure in FRP-plated concrete beams. Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,2001,127(7):792-798
17. Cook RA, Konz RC. Factors influencing bond strength of adhesive anchors. ACI Structural Journal,2001,98(1):76-85
18. Chen JF, Teng JG. Anchorage strength models for FRP and steel plates bonded to concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,2001,127(7):784-791
19. De Lorenzis L, Miller B, Nanni A. Bond of fiber-reinforced polymer laminates to concrete. ACI Structural Journal,2001,98(3):256-264
20.曾宪桃,车惠民.粘贴玻璃钢板加固混凝土梁疲劳试验研究.土木工程学报,2001,34(1)：33-38
21. Shahawy M, Beitelman TE. Static and fatigue performance of RC beams strengthened with CFRP Laminates. Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,1999,125(6):613-621
22.赵彤,张晨军,谢剑.碳纤维布加固修复砖砌体的研究与工程实践.建筑结构,2002,3：64-67
23. Li HC, Samali B, Ye L, et al. Behaviour of concrete beam-column connections reinforced with hybrid FRP sheet. Composite Structures,2002,57(1-4):357-365
24. Mirmiran A, Shahawy M, Samaan M. Strength and Ductility of hybrid FRP-concrete beam-columns. Journal of Structural Engineening,1999,125(10):1085-1093
25.陆洲导,谢莉萍,洪涛.碳纤维加固低配箍混凝土梁板柱节点的抗震试验.同济大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(3)：253-257
26.陆洲导,洪涛,谢莉萍.碳纤维加固震损混凝土框架节点抗震性能的初步研究.工业建筑,2003,33(2)：9-12
27.杨勇新,岳清瑞,胡云昌.碳纤维布与混凝土粘结性能的试验研究.建筑结构学报,2001,22(3)：36-42
28.杨勇新,岳清瑞,胡云昌等.碳纤维布加固混凝土受弯构件的剥离破坏及其防治.工业建筑,2001,31(6)：13-16,19
29.叶列平,方团卿,杨勇新等.碳纤维布在混凝土梁受弯加固中抗剥离性能的试验研究.建筑结构,2003,33(2)：61-65
30.杨勇新,岳清瑞,叶列平等.碳纤维布加固混凝土梁的剥离破坏.工程力学,2004,21(5)：150-156
31.周长东.玻璃纤维聚合物加固混凝土柱的力学性能研究.大连理工大学博士学位论文,2003
32.冼巧玲,易伟建,丁洪涛.粘贴碳纤维布(CFRP)钢筋混凝土偏压柱试验研究.工业建筑,2004,34(11)：78-81
33.张伟平,宋力,顾祥林.碳纤维布加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁疲劳性能试验研究.土木工程学报,2010,43(7)：43-50
34.宋力,张伟平.碳纤维布加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的疲劳性能试验.低温建筑技术,2009,(7)：38-41
35.孙凌寒,邵国建,黄俊.短碳纤维局部增强混凝土疲劳性能实验研究.实验力学,2009,24(5)：445-452
36.陆胜,牛忠荣,胡宗军.CFRP加固焊接钢结构力学性能研究.钢结构,2008,23(3)：33-37
37.李鹏,徐德新,张汉民.碳纤维材料加固钢梁的试验研究.工业建筑,2004,34(7)：91-92,98
38.潘华,邱洪兴,朱星彬.碳纤维布抗震加固砖砌体墙的试验研究.建筑结构,2006,36(7)：67-70
39.王欣,陆洲导,吕西林.碳纤维技术在砌体结构抗震加固中的试验研究.工业建筑,2003,33(9)：11-13
40.赵彤,张晨军,谢剑,李浩菊.碳纤维布用于砖砌体抗震加固的试验研究.地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(2):89.95
41.GB50292-1999民用建筑可靠性鉴定评定标准
42.JGJ101-96建筑抗震试验方法规程
43.ABAQUS theory manual.H.K.S.,2007
44.江见鲸.钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元分析.西安：陕西科学技术出版社,1994
2.李建保,王厚亮,孙格靓等.炭纤维复合材料在智能建筑结构中的应用.炭素技术,2000,(4)：54-57
3. Li J, Hadi MNS. Behaviour of externally confined high-strength concrete columns under eccentric loading. Composite Structures,2003,62:145-153
4. Shahawy M, Chaallal O, Beitelman TB. Flexural strengthening with carbon fiber reinforced full-scale girders. ACI Structural Journal,2000,98(5):735-742
5. Tanwongsval S, Maalej M, Paramasivam P. Strengthening of RC wall-like column with FRP under substained loading. Materials and Structures,2003,36:282-290
6. Meier U, Kaiser H. Strengthening of structures with CFRP laminates. Proceeding of the Specialty Conference. Las Vegas:ASCE,1993,119(10):52-56
7. Nanni A. Flexural behavior and design of RC members using FRP reinforcement. Journal of Structure Engineering-ASCE,1993,119(11):48-52
8. Ritchie PA, Thomas DA, Lu LW, et al. External reinforced of concrete beams using fiber reinforced plastics. ACI Structural Journal,1991,64(8):299-307
9. Deskovic N, Triantafillou TC. Innovative design of FRP combined with concrete short-term behavior. Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,1995,121(7):324-329
10. Saadatmanesh H, Ehsani MR. Fiber composite plates can strengthen beams. Concrete International,1990,65-71
11.吴智深.FRP复合材料在基础工程设施的增强和加固方面的现状与发展.见：中国纤维增强塑料(FRP)混凝土结构学术交流会论文集.北京：国家工业建筑诊断与改造工程技术研究中心,2000
12. Morris T, Saadamanesh H, Ehsani MR. Sheer and flexural strengthening of R/C beams with carbon fiber sheets. Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,1997,123(7):903-911
13. Sharif A, Al-Sulaimani GJ, Basunbul IA, et al. Strengthening of initially loaded reinforced concrete beams using FRP plates. ACI Structural Journal,1994,91(2):160-168
14. Arduini M, Nanni A. Behavior of precracked RC beams strengthened with carbon FRP sheets. Journal of Composites for Construction,1997,1 (2):63-70
15.赵彤,谢剑,戴自强等.碳纤维织物补强加固混凝土结构研究(综述).工程力学(增刊),2004,758-763
16. Sebastian WM. Significance of midspan debonding failure in FRP-plated concrete beams. Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,2001,127(7):792-798
17. Cook RA, Konz RC. Factors influencing bond strength of adhesive anchors. ACI Structural Journal,2001,98(1):76-85
18. Chen JF, Teng JG. Anchorage strength models for FRP and steel plates bonded to concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,2001,127(7):784-791
19. De Lorenzis L, Miller B, Nanni A. Bond of fiber-reinforced polymer laminates to concrete. ACI Structural Journal,2001,98(3):256-264
20.曾宪桃,车惠民.粘贴玻璃钢板加固混凝土梁疲劳试验研究.土木工程学报,2001,34(1)：33-38
21. Shahawy M, Beitelman TE. Static and fatigue performance of RC beams strengthened with CFRP Laminates. Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,1999,125(6):613-621
22.赵彤,张晨军,谢剑.碳纤维布加固修复砖砌体的研究与工程实践.建筑结构,2002,3：64-67
23. Li HC, Samali B, Ye L, et al. Behaviour of concrete beam-column connections reinforced with hybrid FRP sheet. Composite Structures,2002,57(1-4):357-365
24. Mirmiran A, Shahawy M, Samaan M. Strength and Ductility of hybrid FRP-concrete beam-columns. Journal of Structural Engineening,1999,125(10):1085-1093
25.陆洲导,谢莉萍,洪涛.碳纤维加固低配箍混凝土梁板柱节点的抗震试验.同济大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(3)：253-257
26.陆洲导,洪涛,谢莉萍.碳纤维加固震损混凝土框架节点抗震性能的初步研究.工业建筑,2003,33(2)：9-12
27.杨勇新,岳清瑞,胡云昌.碳纤维布与混凝土粘结性能的试验研究.建筑结构学报,2001,22(3)：36-42
28.杨勇新,岳清瑞,胡云昌等.碳纤维布加固混凝土受弯构件的剥离破坏及其防治.工业建筑,2001,31(6)：13-16,19
29.叶列平,方团卿,杨勇新等.碳纤维布在混凝土梁受弯加固中抗剥离性能的试验研究.建筑结构,2003,33(2)：61-65
30.杨勇新,岳清瑞,叶列平等.碳纤维布加固混凝土梁的剥离破坏.工程力学,2004,21(5)：150-156
31.周长东.玻璃纤维聚合物加固混凝土柱的力学性能研究.大连理工大学博士学位论文,2003
32.冼巧玲,易伟建,丁洪涛.粘贴碳纤维布(CFRP)钢筋混凝土偏压柱试验研究.工业建筑,2004,34(11)：78-81
33.张伟平,宋力,顾祥林.碳纤维布加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁疲劳性能试验研究.土木工程学报,2010,43(7)：43-50
34.宋力,张伟平.碳纤维布加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的疲劳性能试验.低温建筑技术,2009,(7)：38-41
35.孙凌寒,邵国建,黄俊.短碳纤维局部增强混凝土疲劳性能实验研究.实验力学,2009,24(5)：445-452
36.陆胜,牛忠荣,胡宗军.CFRP加固焊接钢结构力学性能研究.钢结构,2008,23(3)：33-37
37.李鹏,徐德新,张汉民.碳纤维材料加固钢梁的试验研究.工业建筑,2004,34(7)：91-92,98
38.潘华,邱洪兴,朱星彬.碳纤维布抗震加固砖砌体墙的试验研究.建筑结构,2006,36(7)：67-70
39.王欣,陆洲导,吕西林.碳纤维技术在砌体结构抗震加固中的试验研究.工业建筑,2003,33(9)：11-13
40.赵彤,张晨军,谢剑,李浩菊.碳纤维布用于砖砌体抗震加固的试验研究.地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(2):89.95
41.GB50292-1999民用建筑可靠性鉴定评定标准
42.JGJ101-96建筑抗震试验方法规程
43.ABAQUS theory manual.H.K.S.,2007
44.江见鲸.钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元分析.西安：陕西科学技术出版社,1994