新一代IETM结构及关键技术研究
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摘要
IETM即交互式电子技术手册,是一种复杂的技术手册,它是以数字形式保存在合适介质上,采用人工或自动编辑系统编写,并通过由计算机控制的电子屏幕显示。用于加强技术手册的使用和培训效果,更有效地保障复杂技术系统的使用、保养、维修、诊断和修理。
本文首先研究了IETM的发展历史,其技术结构经历了电子影像式分页索引文档、电子式滚动文档、线性结构化IETM、层次性结构化IETM、整合数据库IETM5个基本发展阶段。目前,第4级层次性结构化IETM技术的发展已较为成熟,并在武器装备维修和训练领域中获得了广泛应用。第5级整合数据库IETM技术由于引入了专家系统和人工智能机制,是目前技术结构较为先进且应用前景良好的交互式电子技术信息系统,也是各国争相研究和重点发展的方向。
在总结了IETM的发展历程和已有技术发展现状的基础上,本文深入研究了IETM技术及模型结构,在层次结构化的IETM模型结构基础上,提出了一种4级到5级过渡的新型的交互式IETM系统模型,对实现这种模型的搜索引擎模式进行了研究,在通过分析正向最大匹配算法原理的基础上,引入了词间距的概念,给出了一种改进方法,使得当使用改进的正向最大匹配算法进行分词时,在歧义词消除方面有了很大提高;并对实现这种模型的故障诊断技术进行了研究,针对IETM专家系统知识库和推理机的特点,采用模糊集理论中的隶属函数的方法实现了知识的模糊矩阵表示和推理,提出了一种基于模糊矩阵的推理算法,提高了IETM专家系统的推理效率。
Interactive electronic technical manual (IETM) is a kind of complicated technology manual, which is stored on the proper medium as the form of figure, and it is compiled either by manual work or by automatic editing system, and it is also displayed on the screen which is under the control of computer. IETM could be used in order to enhance the using and training effect of the manual, which could ensure the using of complicated system more effectively, and also in the usage, maintain, diagnose and repair.
The thesis discussed the developing history of IETM first, which has experienced 5 basal developing steps in the technology structure, they are electronic video pagination indexical document, electronic scroll document, linear-structured IETM, hierarchy IETM, conformed database IETM. Now, the 4~(th) step hierarchy IETM has been developed maturely, which has been widely used in the fields of weapon maintenance and training. The 5~(th) step conformed database IETM is now having a good developing and using future, for its importing expert system and artificial intelligence mechanism, and it is now becoming a key point for the research in many countries.
On the basis of a careful analysis of the history and the current state of IETM technology, the thesis tabled a hierarchy IETM model structure after an analysis of IETM technology, and finally established a new IETM system model which is an intergradations between the 4~(th) step and the 5~(th) step of IETM. Make an analysis of search engine mode which is made in order to implement this model. On the basis of analyzing the principle of forward maximum matching algorithm, introduced the concept of word spacing, and give an improved method in order to implement the elimination of ambiguous words has been greatly improved when using the forward maximum matching algorithm to divide words. And make an analysis of failure disgnose technology which is made in order to implement this model. And to the characteristics of expert system for IETM knowledge base and inference engine, using the way of membership function of the fuzzy set theory in order to make the implementation of representation and reasoning of knowledge fuzzy matrix, presenting a reasoning algorithm matrix which is based on fuzzy matrix which can improve the inferencing efficiency of the IETM expert system.
本文首先研究了IETM的发展历史,其技术结构经历了电子影像式分页索引文档、电子式滚动文档、线性结构化IETM、层次性结构化IETM、整合数据库IETM5个基本发展阶段。目前,第4级层次性结构化IETM技术的发展已较为成熟,并在武器装备维修和训练领域中获得了广泛应用。第5级整合数据库IETM技术由于引入了专家系统和人工智能机制,是目前技术结构较为先进且应用前景良好的交互式电子技术信息系统,也是各国争相研究和重点发展的方向。
在总结了IETM的发展历程和已有技术发展现状的基础上,本文深入研究了IETM技术及模型结构,在层次结构化的IETM模型结构基础上,提出了一种4级到5级过渡的新型的交互式IETM系统模型,对实现这种模型的搜索引擎模式进行了研究,在通过分析正向最大匹配算法原理的基础上,引入了词间距的概念,给出了一种改进方法,使得当使用改进的正向最大匹配算法进行分词时,在歧义词消除方面有了很大提高;并对实现这种模型的故障诊断技术进行了研究,针对IETM专家系统知识库和推理机的特点,采用模糊集理论中的隶属函数的方法实现了知识的模糊矩阵表示和推理,提出了一种基于模糊矩阵的推理算法,提高了IETM专家系统的推理效率。
Interactive electronic technical manual (IETM) is a kind of complicated technology manual, which is stored on the proper medium as the form of figure, and it is compiled either by manual work or by automatic editing system, and it is also displayed on the screen which is under the control of computer. IETM could be used in order to enhance the using and training effect of the manual, which could ensure the using of complicated system more effectively, and also in the usage, maintain, diagnose and repair.
The thesis discussed the developing history of IETM first, which has experienced 5 basal developing steps in the technology structure, they are electronic video pagination indexical document, electronic scroll document, linear-structured IETM, hierarchy IETM, conformed database IETM. Now, the 4~(th) step hierarchy IETM has been developed maturely, which has been widely used in the fields of weapon maintenance and training. The 5~(th) step conformed database IETM is now having a good developing and using future, for its importing expert system and artificial intelligence mechanism, and it is now becoming a key point for the research in many countries.
On the basis of a careful analysis of the history and the current state of IETM technology, the thesis tabled a hierarchy IETM model structure after an analysis of IETM technology, and finally established a new IETM system model which is an intergradations between the 4~(th) step and the 5~(th) step of IETM. Make an analysis of search engine mode which is made in order to implement this model. On the basis of analyzing the principle of forward maximum matching algorithm, introduced the concept of word spacing, and give an improved method in order to implement the elimination of ambiguous words has been greatly improved when using the forward maximum matching algorithm to divide words. And make an analysis of failure disgnose technology which is made in order to implement this model. And to the characteristics of expert system for IETM knowledge base and inference engine, using the way of membership function of the fuzzy set theory in order to make the implementation of representation and reasoning of knowledge fuzzy matrix, presenting a reasoning algorithm matrix which is based on fuzzy matrix which can improve the inferencing efficiency of the IETM expert system.
引文
[1]祁超,解洪成,舰船级维修对IETM的功能增值要求.江苏科技大学学报.2006,20(3):21-25页
[2]Marina Teresa Pires Vieira,Mauro Biajiz,Sergio Ricardo Borges Junior,Eduardo Cotrin Teixeira.Studies In Fuzziness And Soft Computing.2003:103-118P
[3]Sunghoon Chun,Sangwook Kim,Hong-Sik Kim,Sungho Kang.An Efficient Dictionary Organization for Maximum Diagnosis.2006,22(1):37-48P
[4]Tapas Kanungo,David M.Mount,Nathan S.Netanyahu,Christine D.Piatko,Ruth Silverman,Angela Y.Wu.An Efficient k-Means Clustering Algorithm:Analysis and Implementation.IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.2002,24(7):881-892P
[5]黄萱菁,夏迎炬,吴立德.基于向量空间模型的文本过滤系统.软件学报.2003,14(3):435-442页
[6]王崇.交互式电子技术手册研究.电光系统.2005,(2):60-62页
[7]刘务华,罗铁坚,王文杰.文本聚类算法的质量评价.中国科学院研究生院学报.2006,(5):11-18页
[8]李勇,王洪.交互式电子技术手册制作技术综述.航空标准化与质量.2005,(6):19-23页
[9]Adil.M,Bagirov.Modified global k-means algorithm for minimum sum-of-squares clustering problems.Pattern Recognition.2008,41(10):3192-3199P
[10]Carlos Ordonez.Integrating K-Means Clustering with a Relational DBMS Using SQL.IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering.2006,18(2):188-201P
[11]高万春,宋建华,骆彬.军用装备IETM创作研究.军民两用技术与产品.2007,(6):20-26页
[12]程远斌,王斌,王满林.IETM技术在武器装备维修领域的应用研究.四川 兵工学报.2007,(1):4-8页
[13]M.N,Vrahatis,B.Boutsinas,P.Alevizos,P.Alevizos,G.Pavlides.The new k-windows algorithm for improving the k-means clustering algorithm.Journal of Complexity.2002,18(1):375-391P
[14]朱俊武,陈通凡,解洪成.基于本体库的第五级IETM研究.华东船舶工业学院学报(自然科学版).2004,(6):20-22页
[15]常雷,高玉水,许忠,邵云峰,徐振辉.IETM数据模型标准研究.兵工自动化.2007,(8):29-36页
[16]王辉华,王航宇,卢发兴,张密.基于面向对象的交互式电子技术手册数据库建模.计算机工程.2003,(10):74-79页
[17]Krista Rizman,alik.An efficient k-means clustering algorithm.Pattern Recognition Letters.2008,29(9):1385-1391P
[18]王莉云,王华,陈刚等.基于Lucene的全文检索系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(24):60
[19]张晓卫.一种基于Lucene的Web全文检索系统的设计与实现.计算机与现代化,2006年
[20]J.Cho,H.Garcia-Molina.Estimating Frequeney of Change.ACM Transaetions on Intemet Technology,2003,3(3):265-290P
[21]向晖,郭一平,王亮.基于Lucene的中文字典分词模块的设计与实现.现代图书情报技术.2006(8):45-50页
[22]李晓明,闰宏飞,王继民.搜索引擎原理、技术与系统.北京:科学出版社.2005:30-54页
[23]陈燕娜,志清.基于全文搜索的中文搜索引擎设计技术.计算机工程与应用,2002,38(17):196-198页
[24]杨广翔,俞宁,湛莉.搜索引擎结果的重排序方法.计算机应用,2005,25(2):305-308页
[25]曹倩,丁艳,王超.汉语自动分词研究及其在信息检索中的应用.计算机应用研究,2004(5):71-74页
[26]Cho Junghoo,Gareia-Molina H.The Evolution of the Web and Implications for an Ineremental Crawler.Proceedings of the 26~(th) International Conferenee on VeryLarge Data Bases,2000,200-209P
[27]李庆虎,陈玉健,孙家广.一种中文分词词典新机制--双字哈希机制.中文信息学报,2002,17(4):13-18页
[28]刘迁,贾惠波.中文信息处理中自动分词技术的研究与展望.计算机工程与应用,2006(3):175-177,182页
[29]郭辉,苏中义,王文,崔俊.一种改进的MM分词算法.微型电脑应用,2002,18(1):13-15页
[30]徐莹.搜索引擎技术及其发展前瞻.科技情报开发和经济.2005(24):177-178页
[31]向艳.基于不精确推理模型的诊断型专家系统研究[J].江苏石油化工学院学报,2002,14(3):46-49页
[32]Kevin Cavanaugh,AnIntegrated Diagnostics Virtual Test Benchfor Life Cycle Support,Qualtech Systems,Inc.100 GreatMeadowRoad,34-47P
[33]Joseph J Fuller.Plan for DoD wide demonstrations of a DoD improved interactive electronic technical manual(IETM)architecture[R].West Bethesda:CDNSWC,1998
[34]顾秀君,解洪成.制作交互式电子技术手册标准化要求[J],江苏船舶,2004,21(5):38-41页
[35]解洪成,刘旭东.装备保障数字化前沿技术--海军舰船装备IETM技术及应用研究[R].中国国防科学技术报告,2002.
[36]王学奇,肖明清,周越文.交互式电子技术手册及其应用研究[J].计算机工程,2002(5):227-229页
[37]王莉云,王华,陈刚等.基于Lucene的全文检索系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(24):60页
[38]Brin.s,Page L The anatomy of a large_scale hyPertextual Web seareh engine.Computer networks,1998,30:107-117P
[39]费洪晓,康松林,朱小娟等.基于词频统计的中文分词研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,11(7):69页
[40]陈庆伟,刘军.基于Lucene的网站全文搜索的设计与实现.科技情报开发与经济,2005,15(15):242-244页
[41]Luiz A.Barroso,Jfffery Dean,and Urs Hozle Web seareh for a planet:The Google cluster arehiteeture.IEEE Miero,23(2):22.28 April 2003
[42]荣传湘,张晓辉,常桂然.中英文WWW搜索引擎中数据获取的设计与实现.小型微型计算机系统,1999.20(5):339-342P
[43]化柏林,搜索引擎技术发展观,中国计算机用户,2004(26):53-54页
[2]Marina Teresa Pires Vieira,Mauro Biajiz,Sergio Ricardo Borges Junior,Eduardo Cotrin Teixeira.Studies In Fuzziness And Soft Computing.2003:103-118P
[3]Sunghoon Chun,Sangwook Kim,Hong-Sik Kim,Sungho Kang.An Efficient Dictionary Organization for Maximum Diagnosis.2006,22(1):37-48P
[4]Tapas Kanungo,David M.Mount,Nathan S.Netanyahu,Christine D.Piatko,Ruth Silverman,Angela Y.Wu.An Efficient k-Means Clustering Algorithm:Analysis and Implementation.IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.2002,24(7):881-892P
[5]黄萱菁,夏迎炬,吴立德.基于向量空间模型的文本过滤系统.软件学报.2003,14(3):435-442页
[6]王崇.交互式电子技术手册研究.电光系统.2005,(2):60-62页
[7]刘务华,罗铁坚,王文杰.文本聚类算法的质量评价.中国科学院研究生院学报.2006,(5):11-18页
[8]李勇,王洪.交互式电子技术手册制作技术综述.航空标准化与质量.2005,(6):19-23页
[9]Adil.M,Bagirov.Modified global k-means algorithm for minimum sum-of-squares clustering problems.Pattern Recognition.2008,41(10):3192-3199P
[10]Carlos Ordonez.Integrating K-Means Clustering with a Relational DBMS Using SQL.IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering.2006,18(2):188-201P
[11]高万春,宋建华,骆彬.军用装备IETM创作研究.军民两用技术与产品.2007,(6):20-26页
[12]程远斌,王斌,王满林.IETM技术在武器装备维修领域的应用研究.四川 兵工学报.2007,(1):4-8页
[13]M.N,Vrahatis,B.Boutsinas,P.Alevizos,P.Alevizos,G.Pavlides.The new k-windows algorithm for improving the k-means clustering algorithm.Journal of Complexity.2002,18(1):375-391P
[14]朱俊武,陈通凡,解洪成.基于本体库的第五级IETM研究.华东船舶工业学院学报(自然科学版).2004,(6):20-22页
[15]常雷,高玉水,许忠,邵云峰,徐振辉.IETM数据模型标准研究.兵工自动化.2007,(8):29-36页
[16]王辉华,王航宇,卢发兴,张密.基于面向对象的交互式电子技术手册数据库建模.计算机工程.2003,(10):74-79页
[17]Krista Rizman,alik.An efficient k-means clustering algorithm.Pattern Recognition Letters.2008,29(9):1385-1391P
[18]王莉云,王华,陈刚等.基于Lucene的全文检索系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(24):60
[19]张晓卫.一种基于Lucene的Web全文检索系统的设计与实现.计算机与现代化,2006年
[20]J.Cho,H.Garcia-Molina.Estimating Frequeney of Change.ACM Transaetions on Intemet Technology,2003,3(3):265-290P
[21]向晖,郭一平,王亮.基于Lucene的中文字典分词模块的设计与实现.现代图书情报技术.2006(8):45-50页
[22]李晓明,闰宏飞,王继民.搜索引擎原理、技术与系统.北京:科学出版社.2005:30-54页
[23]陈燕娜,志清.基于全文搜索的中文搜索引擎设计技术.计算机工程与应用,2002,38(17):196-198页
[24]杨广翔,俞宁,湛莉.搜索引擎结果的重排序方法.计算机应用,2005,25(2):305-308页
[25]曹倩,丁艳,王超.汉语自动分词研究及其在信息检索中的应用.计算机应用研究,2004(5):71-74页
[26]Cho Junghoo,Gareia-Molina H.The Evolution of the Web and Implications for an Ineremental Crawler.Proceedings of the 26~(th) International Conferenee on VeryLarge Data Bases,2000,200-209P
[27]李庆虎,陈玉健,孙家广.一种中文分词词典新机制--双字哈希机制.中文信息学报,2002,17(4):13-18页
[28]刘迁,贾惠波.中文信息处理中自动分词技术的研究与展望.计算机工程与应用,2006(3):175-177,182页
[29]郭辉,苏中义,王文,崔俊.一种改进的MM分词算法.微型电脑应用,2002,18(1):13-15页
[30]徐莹.搜索引擎技术及其发展前瞻.科技情报开发和经济.2005(24):177-178页
[31]向艳.基于不精确推理模型的诊断型专家系统研究[J].江苏石油化工学院学报,2002,14(3):46-49页
[32]Kevin Cavanaugh,AnIntegrated Diagnostics Virtual Test Benchfor Life Cycle Support,Qualtech Systems,Inc.100 GreatMeadowRoad,34-47P
[33]Joseph J Fuller.Plan for DoD wide demonstrations of a DoD improved interactive electronic technical manual(IETM)architecture[R].West Bethesda:CDNSWC,1998
[34]顾秀君,解洪成.制作交互式电子技术手册标准化要求[J],江苏船舶,2004,21(5):38-41页
[35]解洪成,刘旭东.装备保障数字化前沿技术--海军舰船装备IETM技术及应用研究[R].中国国防科学技术报告,2002.
[36]王学奇,肖明清,周越文.交互式电子技术手册及其应用研究[J].计算机工程,2002(5):227-229页
[37]王莉云,王华,陈刚等.基于Lucene的全文检索系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(24):60页
[38]Brin.s,Page L The anatomy of a large_scale hyPertextual Web seareh engine.Computer networks,1998,30:107-117P
[39]费洪晓,康松林,朱小娟等.基于词频统计的中文分词研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,11(7):69页
[40]陈庆伟,刘军.基于Lucene的网站全文搜索的设计与实现.科技情报开发与经济,2005,15(15):242-244页
[41]Luiz A.Barroso,Jfffery Dean,and Urs Hozle Web seareh for a planet:The Google cluster arehiteeture.IEEE Miero,23(2):22.28 April 2003
[42]荣传湘,张晓辉,常桂然.中英文WWW搜索引擎中数据获取的设计与实现.小型微型计算机系统,1999.20(5):339-342P
[43]化柏林,搜索引擎技术发展观,中国计算机用户,2004(26):53-54页