基于几何控制法的大跨度斜拉桥自适应施工控制体系研究
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摘要
随着国民经济的高速发展和交通运输对重要基础设施的新要求,大跨度桥梁的修建规模和数量与日俱增,同时大跨度桥梁是交通行业新技术集中应用与创新的综合体现。作为世界上第一座超千米级的特大跨度斜拉桥一苏通长江公路大桥,该桥的施工控制首次采用全过程几何控制法的控制思路。论文是在“国家自然科学基金(50908192、51178394)”联合资助下进行的,旨在对几何控制法控制思路的特点进行深入的探讨,进一步完善其相应的理论基础及施工控制技术,并为今后全过程几何控制法的具体实施提供切实可行的建议。论文主要研究内容包括：
1.基于经典梁单元理论及能量法原理,考虑线性应变和几何非线性应变的条件下,在应变能积分过程中,引入几何控制法中的两个关键参数(单元无应力长度l0和无应力曲率K0)；在杆系单元刚度一般分析中,根据最小势能原理推导了分阶段几何控制法的几何非线性静力平衡方程。
2.系统地探讨大跨度斜拉桥系统参数不确定性；与斜拉索张拉索力控制方式的单参数敏感性分析方法相比较,明确了几何控制法计算分析的要点；以苏通长江公路大桥为计算实例,采用确定性有限元法的分析方法,在考虑几何非线性下,当结构系统参数发生变化时,全面地进行了施工全过程单参数敏感性分析,进一步确定了几何控制法关键敏感性结构参数。
3.关键敏感参数—主梁自重和斜拉索弹性模量为一定正态分布的随机变量时,基于蒙特卡罗一有限元法方法的随机结构计算思路和Latin超立方的抽样方式,进行了施工全过程几何控制法多参数敏感性分析,得到主梁几何线形、主梁应力及斜拉索索力在施工过程中关键控制阶段的响应概率分布情况及规律。
4.针对几何控制法特点,对施工过程中误差的形成及变化情况进行了一般性探讨；当主梁自重荷载、主梁制造角度和主梁制造长度出现偏差时,研究了主梁线形误差和拉索索力误差在施工过程中的变化规律及特点；从误差传递的角度,当主梁制造角度和主梁制造长度分别出现偏差所引起桥梁结构施工过程中线形误差的传递规律进行了研究。
5.以苏通长江公路大桥作为施工控制实施对象,介绍了基于几何控制法自适应控制体系的控制原则和各控制阶段的控制标准；阐述了桥梁结构在安装阶段、边跨合龙阶段、中跨合龙阶段和成桥恒载阶段的实施情况及控制结果。
With the rapid development of national economy and the new requirements of the critical infrastructure in transport industry, the construction of large-span bridges is increasing. Meanwhile, the innovations and applications of new technologies are comprehensive reflected in the construction of large-span bridges. As the first thousand-meters-level cable-stayed bridge in the world-Su-Tong Yangtze River Highway Bridge, the control ideas of the geometry control method of the whole process is first applied. The research of this paper are supported by the National Natural Science Fund (Approval No:50908192,51178394). In this papar, by recognizing the features of the geometry control method to improve the theoretical basis and its corresponding construction control technology, the practical recommendations is provided. The main contents include:
1. Based on the classical beam-element theory and the energy method, the linear strain and the nonlinear strain are considered, and two key-parameters (non-stress length and non-stress curvature of element) of geometry control method are introducted in the integration process of stain energy. Based on the general analysis of the beam-element's stiffness, take the impact of geometric nonlinearity into account, the static equilibrium equation of the geometry control method is established according to the minimum potential energy principles.
2. The parameter uncertainties of the large-span cable-stayed bridge are systematically investigated. Compared the non-stress cable length control method with the cable-force control method in the calculation process of single parameter sensitivity analysis, the main points of the geometry control method have been more clearly get. Take Sutong Bridge as example, when geometry parameters, load parameters, stiffness parameters and other parameters are changed, the single parameters sensitivity analysis of the whole-procedure are carried out. At last, the key structural parameters are determined.
3. Based on Monte Carlo-stochastic finite element method and Latin hypercube sampling method, when girder weight parameter and cable modulus parameter are normally distributed random variables, the multi-parameters sensitivity analysis of the whole-procedure are carried out. The response probability distribution is get during the construction, such as the profile, the beam stress and cable force.
4. According to the characteristics of the geometry control method, the errors formation and changes in the construction are generally discussed. In case of the deviation of the girder weight load, the girder manufacturing length and angle, the changes of the errors of beam alignment and cable force during the construction has been studied. On the perspective of error propagation, the errors of beam alignment caused by the deviation of the girder manufacturing length and angle, its transfer law has been studied during the construction.
5. Take Su-Tong Yangtze River Highway Bridge as construction control object, the construction control principles of the adaptive construction control system based on geometry control method are described. And the control standards in the control phase are described. Finally, the control implementation and results are described in the installation phase, the cross-closure phase, the closure phase and the dead load stage.
1.基于经典梁单元理论及能量法原理,考虑线性应变和几何非线性应变的条件下,在应变能积分过程中,引入几何控制法中的两个关键参数(单元无应力长度l0和无应力曲率K0)；在杆系单元刚度一般分析中,根据最小势能原理推导了分阶段几何控制法的几何非线性静力平衡方程。
2.系统地探讨大跨度斜拉桥系统参数不确定性；与斜拉索张拉索力控制方式的单参数敏感性分析方法相比较,明确了几何控制法计算分析的要点；以苏通长江公路大桥为计算实例,采用确定性有限元法的分析方法,在考虑几何非线性下,当结构系统参数发生变化时,全面地进行了施工全过程单参数敏感性分析,进一步确定了几何控制法关键敏感性结构参数。
3.关键敏感参数—主梁自重和斜拉索弹性模量为一定正态分布的随机变量时,基于蒙特卡罗一有限元法方法的随机结构计算思路和Latin超立方的抽样方式,进行了施工全过程几何控制法多参数敏感性分析,得到主梁几何线形、主梁应力及斜拉索索力在施工过程中关键控制阶段的响应概率分布情况及规律。
4.针对几何控制法特点,对施工过程中误差的形成及变化情况进行了一般性探讨；当主梁自重荷载、主梁制造角度和主梁制造长度出现偏差时,研究了主梁线形误差和拉索索力误差在施工过程中的变化规律及特点；从误差传递的角度,当主梁制造角度和主梁制造长度分别出现偏差所引起桥梁结构施工过程中线形误差的传递规律进行了研究。
5.以苏通长江公路大桥作为施工控制实施对象,介绍了基于几何控制法自适应控制体系的控制原则和各控制阶段的控制标准；阐述了桥梁结构在安装阶段、边跨合龙阶段、中跨合龙阶段和成桥恒载阶段的实施情况及控制结果。
With the rapid development of national economy and the new requirements of the critical infrastructure in transport industry, the construction of large-span bridges is increasing. Meanwhile, the innovations and applications of new technologies are comprehensive reflected in the construction of large-span bridges. As the first thousand-meters-level cable-stayed bridge in the world-Su-Tong Yangtze River Highway Bridge, the control ideas of the geometry control method of the whole process is first applied. The research of this paper are supported by the National Natural Science Fund (Approval No:50908192,51178394). In this papar, by recognizing the features of the geometry control method to improve the theoretical basis and its corresponding construction control technology, the practical recommendations is provided. The main contents include:
1. Based on the classical beam-element theory and the energy method, the linear strain and the nonlinear strain are considered, and two key-parameters (non-stress length and non-stress curvature of element) of geometry control method are introducted in the integration process of stain energy. Based on the general analysis of the beam-element's stiffness, take the impact of geometric nonlinearity into account, the static equilibrium equation of the geometry control method is established according to the minimum potential energy principles.
2. The parameter uncertainties of the large-span cable-stayed bridge are systematically investigated. Compared the non-stress cable length control method with the cable-force control method in the calculation process of single parameter sensitivity analysis, the main points of the geometry control method have been more clearly get. Take Sutong Bridge as example, when geometry parameters, load parameters, stiffness parameters and other parameters are changed, the single parameters sensitivity analysis of the whole-procedure are carried out. At last, the key structural parameters are determined.
3. Based on Monte Carlo-stochastic finite element method and Latin hypercube sampling method, when girder weight parameter and cable modulus parameter are normally distributed random variables, the multi-parameters sensitivity analysis of the whole-procedure are carried out. The response probability distribution is get during the construction, such as the profile, the beam stress and cable force.
4. According to the characteristics of the geometry control method, the errors formation and changes in the construction are generally discussed. In case of the deviation of the girder weight load, the girder manufacturing length and angle, the changes of the errors of beam alignment and cable force during the construction has been studied. On the perspective of error propagation, the errors of beam alignment caused by the deviation of the girder manufacturing length and angle, its transfer law has been studied during the construction.
5. Take Su-Tong Yangtze River Highway Bridge as construction control object, the construction control principles of the adaptive construction control system based on geometry control method are described. And the control standards in the control phase are described. Finally, the control implementation and results are described in the installation phase, the cross-closure phase, the closure phase and the dead load stage.
引文
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