攀钢2号板坯连铸机自动化控制技术研究
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摘要
攀钢炼钢厂现有一台双流连铸机，但其全年连铸比才50.6%，低于我国冶金行业平均水平，并且其现存的模铸锭设施系七十年代初建成，设备陈旧、能耗高、污染严重、金属收得率低、产品质量不稳定，制约了攀钢产品在市场上的竞争力。为从根本上改变此局面，决定淘汰模铸、增建连铸（2号板坯连铸机、单流）。作者为该项目的主要负责人之一。
本文介绍了板坯连铸的生产工艺和相关的机械设备性能。根据传统的控制系统存在的一些不完善的问题，基于现代控制技术的发展、网络技术以及现场总线技术的应用，从多方面考虑，决定控制层采用SIEMENS的S7-400PLC，现场采用远程I/O单元，很好的解决了信号量大而又分散的问题。
针对生产工艺和机械设备的控制要求，设计了齐全的操作模式和方式，分析了板坯连铸系统的基本要素：拉矫速度（浇铸速度）；根据控制功能的分配及实现，主要说明了PLC控制系统的组织结构形式，系统的软硬件设计的功能和特点。并在此基础上实现了逻辑控制、跟踪系统功能、结晶器液位、宽度调整的控制功能，拉矫机的控制、振动和轻压下功能以及操作监控功能等等，这些功能的实现，对生产而言解决了板坯容易裂缝，表面质量差的问题，改善了产品的内部质量。
攀钢炼钢厂新增2#板坯连铸机的成功，将具有很好的经济和社会效益，尤其是该项目的自动化设计方案为自动化控制系统在企业旧设备改造及再增加新设备时的决策、推广、实施提供了一套较为有效的、可供借鉴的方法和模式。
本系统的设计自始自终都遵循节约、实用、可靠、先进的设计原则，保证了设备和控制系统的高度自动化和先进性。系统投入运行后，最终将取得了满意的控制效果，达到攀钢连铸生产高速化、全自动化的目的，提升产品的市场竞争能力。
PANGANG Iron and Steel CO. exits one set of double slab caster, but continuous casting rate is 50.6% and under metallurgy industry average , and its mould casting devices are established at the beginning of 1970s, the devices are old, consumed energy is high , severity pollution, low metal callback, quality is not stable, these restrict competition for market. For changing the phase, decide eliminate mould casting and establish continuous casting(No.2 slab caster, one strand).The writer is the principal of this project !
This text describes mainly the basic conditions，control desires of control system and . integrate the control system on basis of craftwork.
On basis of the development of modern control technology and apply of the network technology and locale bus-mastering technology， the paper analyzes the essential element of slab caster system: casting speed ; expatiates in detail on the network structure and communication protocol of Ethernet and Profibus-DP ; mainly describes the forms of control system configuration，the function and features of its software and hardware designs ; also , introduces mainly control function of control system, for example，sequence control, tracking system and operation and monitor function etc. and analyzed and settled the problems of control system in debugging and producing .
Success in addition of No.2 slab caster of the PANGANG Iron and Steel CO. have brought large economic and social benefits ! The succeed example design of automation are provided for the decision and popularization and implementation of add for old equipment.
This project was conjoin of design and program and debug .The control effect of No.2 slab caster is satisfying , moreover ,achieve high speed and whole automatic aim.
本文介绍了板坯连铸的生产工艺和相关的机械设备性能。根据传统的控制系统存在的一些不完善的问题，基于现代控制技术的发展、网络技术以及现场总线技术的应用，从多方面考虑，决定控制层采用SIEMENS的S7-400PLC，现场采用远程I/O单元，很好的解决了信号量大而又分散的问题。
针对生产工艺和机械设备的控制要求，设计了齐全的操作模式和方式，分析了板坯连铸系统的基本要素：拉矫速度（浇铸速度）；根据控制功能的分配及实现，主要说明了PLC控制系统的组织结构形式，系统的软硬件设计的功能和特点。并在此基础上实现了逻辑控制、跟踪系统功能、结晶器液位、宽度调整的控制功能，拉矫机的控制、振动和轻压下功能以及操作监控功能等等，这些功能的实现，对生产而言解决了板坯容易裂缝，表面质量差的问题，改善了产品的内部质量。
攀钢炼钢厂新增2#板坯连铸机的成功，将具有很好的经济和社会效益，尤其是该项目的自动化设计方案为自动化控制系统在企业旧设备改造及再增加新设备时的决策、推广、实施提供了一套较为有效的、可供借鉴的方法和模式。
本系统的设计自始自终都遵循节约、实用、可靠、先进的设计原则，保证了设备和控制系统的高度自动化和先进性。系统投入运行后，最终将取得了满意的控制效果，达到攀钢连铸生产高速化、全自动化的目的，提升产品的市场竞争能力。
PANGANG Iron and Steel CO. exits one set of double slab caster, but continuous casting rate is 50.6% and under metallurgy industry average , and its mould casting devices are established at the beginning of 1970s, the devices are old, consumed energy is high , severity pollution, low metal callback, quality is not stable, these restrict competition for market. For changing the phase, decide eliminate mould casting and establish continuous casting(No.2 slab caster, one strand).The writer is the principal of this project !
This text describes mainly the basic conditions，control desires of control system and . integrate the control system on basis of craftwork.
On basis of the development of modern control technology and apply of the network technology and locale bus-mastering technology， the paper analyzes the essential element of slab caster system: casting speed ; expatiates in detail on the network structure and communication protocol of Ethernet and Profibus-DP ; mainly describes the forms of control system configuration，the function and features of its software and hardware designs ; also , introduces mainly control function of control system, for example，sequence control, tracking system and operation and monitor function etc. and analyzed and settled the problems of control system in debugging and producing .
Success in addition of No.2 slab caster of the PANGANG Iron and Steel CO. have brought large economic and social benefits ! The succeed example design of automation are provided for the decision and popularization and implementation of add for old equipment.
This project was conjoin of design and program and debug .The control effect of No.2 slab caster is satisfying , moreover ,achieve high speed and whole automatic aim.
引文
[1] 攀钢钢铁生产工艺: 攀钢（集团）公司 1998.8
[2] 《攀钢技术》 连铸专辑 1997.2
[3] 刘明延、李平等.《板坯连铸机设计与计算》上 机械工业出版社 1990.2
[4] 刘明延、李平等.《板坯连铸机设计与计算》下 机械工业出版社 1990.2
[5] 《现代板坯连铸》曹广畴 1994.11
[6] 《现代钢铁工业技术 板坯连铸》熊毅刚 1994.12
[7] 《薄板坯连铸连轧》田乃媛 1998.7
[8] 白瑞恩、周学禹等.双浇技术应用于小板坯连铸机的改造《连铸》2002.3
[9] 陈永、严学模等.板坯连铸中间罐钢水温度连续测量《连铸》2002.3
[10] 鞍钢第二炼钢厂中薄板坯连铸机基础自动化控制系统 联合创新科技有限公司
[11] 孙优贤.用工业自动化技术提升我国传统产业 《自动化博览》 2002.1
[12] 林振波.热轧带钢平整分卷机组的自动化系统 《冶金自动化》 2002.4
[13] 周宇、佟丽华等.邯钢薄板坯连铸连轧的轧机区自动化系统总体配置 《冶金自动化》 2001.4
[14] 吴沛等.IP242B 在连铸机拉矫机速度控制系统中的应用 《冶金自动化》 2001.6
[15] 国内外连铸连轧技术 攀钢钢研院科技信息中心 1993.12
[16] 炼钢及连铸自动化 冶金工业部科学技术司 中国金属学会冶金自动化学会 中国金属学会炼钢学会 中国自动化学会应用专业委员会 1994.10
[17] 计算机网络（第三版） 重大研究生院 2001
[18] PROFIBUS DIN 19245 Part1 and Part2: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[19] PROFIBUS DIN E 19245 Part4: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[20] Test specification for PROFIBUS-DP Slaves: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[21] Fibre optical data transfer for PROFIBUS: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[22] Profile for communication between controllers: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[23] Profile for Process Automation class A+B: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[24] Slide Set PROFIBUS,-DP,-PA, Overview: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[25] Prof. Bender,PROFIBUS -Fieldbus for Automation: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[26] Technical Brochure PROFIBUS: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[27] PROFIBUS for Process Automation : PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[28] S7-400 and M7-400 Module Specification Reference Manual: SIEMENS 1997.3
[29] Communication with SIMATIC: SIEMENS 1997.3
[30] Industrial Communication Networks NCM S7 for industrial Ethernet: SIEMENS 1996.8
[31] Industrial Communication S7 Programming Interface Description: SIEMENS 1995.9
[32] Industrial Communication Networks SEND/RECEIVE Programming Interface Manual: SIEMENS 1996.8
[33] STEP7 User Manual: SIEMENS 1996.8
[34] Standard Software for S7 and M7 STEP7 User Manual: SIEMENS 1996.8
[35] D2102 SIMOVERT Master-Drives Vector Control FILE 1: SIEMENS
[36] D2102 SIMOVERT Master-Drives Vector Control FILE 1: SIEMENS
[2] 《攀钢技术》 连铸专辑 1997.2
[3] 刘明延、李平等.《板坯连铸机设计与计算》上 机械工业出版社 1990.2
[4] 刘明延、李平等.《板坯连铸机设计与计算》下 机械工业出版社 1990.2
[5] 《现代板坯连铸》曹广畴 1994.11
[6] 《现代钢铁工业技术 板坯连铸》熊毅刚 1994.12
[7] 《薄板坯连铸连轧》田乃媛 1998.7
[8] 白瑞恩、周学禹等.双浇技术应用于小板坯连铸机的改造《连铸》2002.3
[9] 陈永、严学模等.板坯连铸中间罐钢水温度连续测量《连铸》2002.3
[10] 鞍钢第二炼钢厂中薄板坯连铸机基础自动化控制系统 联合创新科技有限公司
[11] 孙优贤.用工业自动化技术提升我国传统产业 《自动化博览》 2002.1
[12] 林振波.热轧带钢平整分卷机组的自动化系统 《冶金自动化》 2002.4
[13] 周宇、佟丽华等.邯钢薄板坯连铸连轧的轧机区自动化系统总体配置 《冶金自动化》 2001.4
[14] 吴沛等.IP242B 在连铸机拉矫机速度控制系统中的应用 《冶金自动化》 2001.6
[15] 国内外连铸连轧技术 攀钢钢研院科技信息中心 1993.12
[16] 炼钢及连铸自动化 冶金工业部科学技术司 中国金属学会冶金自动化学会 中国金属学会炼钢学会 中国自动化学会应用专业委员会 1994.10
[17] 计算机网络（第三版） 重大研究生院 2001
[18] PROFIBUS DIN 19245 Part1 and Part2: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[19] PROFIBUS DIN E 19245 Part4: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[20] Test specification for PROFIBUS-DP Slaves: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[21] Fibre optical data transfer for PROFIBUS: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[22] Profile for communication between controllers: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[23] Profile for Process Automation class A+B: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[24] Slide Set PROFIBUS,-DP,-PA, Overview: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[25] Prof. Bender,PROFIBUS -Fieldbus for Automation: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[26] Technical Brochure PROFIBUS: PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[27] PROFIBUS for Process Automation : PROFIBUS User Organization 1996.7
[28] S7-400 and M7-400 Module Specification Reference Manual: SIEMENS 1997.3
[29] Communication with SIMATIC: SIEMENS 1997.3
[30] Industrial Communication Networks NCM S7 for industrial Ethernet: SIEMENS 1996.8
[31] Industrial Communication S7 Programming Interface Description: SIEMENS 1995.9
[32] Industrial Communication Networks SEND/RECEIVE Programming Interface Manual: SIEMENS 1996.8
[33] STEP7 User Manual: SIEMENS 1996.8
[34] Standard Software for S7 and M7 STEP7 User Manual: SIEMENS 1996.8
[35] D2102 SIMOVERT Master-Drives Vector Control FILE 1: SIEMENS
[36] D2102 SIMOVERT Master-Drives Vector Control FILE 1: SIEMENS