高温风机基础抗裂性能研究
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摘要
风机是输送气体的机械。高温风机是水泥生产过程中的关键大型设备,它起到风力输送水泥粉料的作用,高温风机的安全、稳定运行直接影响着企业的正常生产。
由于风机起输送气体的作用,在水泥厂的运行过程中,产生的高温气体和粉尘在经过风机时,使得风机自身也具有高温,基础在热量的辐射下,局部会被传导一定温度。在温度荷载和上部设备动力荷载耦合的作用下,风机基础在某些部位很容易开裂。本文针对水泥厂生产过程中,风机设备基础高温开裂的问题,提出了有限元模拟的课题。文中以实际工程项目为背景,研究风机动力基础在温度荷载下的抗裂性能。
文中论述了当前动力分析的理论,以及动力基础的研究方法,对现有的理论做了细致的分析和对比。并对风机基础进行了温度分布的观测,基础混凝土强度的测定,以及现场动力测试,在各控制点放置加速度拾振器,获取加速度时程曲线,并对其进行筛选和分析,简化为有限元分析的荷载。
对高温风机基础内力分析,本文做了大量工作,查阅了大量国内外关于风机基础设计和混凝土开裂机理的相关研究文献,详细地分析了目前国内外的研究现状和存在的不足,并针对论文所要解决的问题学习了相关的理论知识。详细分析了风机在运转过程中基础的受力及其产生原因并且对风机基础抗裂的计算方法进行了探讨。将现场采集到的结果与给定的风机频率进行对比,从而为简化计算提供依据。在基础抗裂分析中考虑风机基础在配筋率变化的情况、基础配筋率相同的情况时,钢筋分布不同的情况、基础墙体约束变化的情况下基础的内力分布情况。在有限元分析的基础上,开发了大型有限元软件,将有限元程序进行参数化处理,利用Visual Basic语言对话框式界面,将基础类型、体系各部分几何尺寸,基础与上部设备材料组成及属性,等影响基础抗裂性能的因素设置成外部输入量,进行基础内力分析及配筋计算。通过进一步研究达到指导工程设计,优化基础各项指标,达到经济合理的目的。
研究成果将对现有水泥厂存在的问题,风机基础的加固改造和今后的设计工作提供设计依据,相关技术也可以应用在窑中、窑尾等高温抗裂领域。
Fan is the equipment for conveying gases. High temperature fan is the key equipment in the cement production process. It serves as pneumatic conveying cement powder. High temperature blower secure and stable operation directly affects the normal production of the enterprise.
Due to the function of fan is conveying gases, In the working process of the cement factory, the Fan is conducted high temperature when the high temperature gas and dust through the blower, so some parts of the foundation get temperature from the blower. With the effect of temperature and dynamic coupling load, some parts of the Fan base are easy craze.
In this paper, we made the subject of finite element simulation to the problem of cracking of the high temperature fan equipment base in the cement production process.
In this paper we research the function to resist the crack on the basis of fan under the temperature load with the actual background of some projects.
This paper was discussed the dynamic analysis principles that exist at present. The research method of the dynamic foundation. I have made a detailed analysis and comparison to the existing theory and carried on the dynamic test to the blower foundation. put the sensors at the points and then obtain the acceleration time history curve. Screen sizing and analyzing the applying them as the force of the structure.
In this paper, I have made a lot of work on the endogen force of the blower foundation. I also have read many materials internal and abroad materials about the civil design specification for blower foundations, I have also made a detailed analysis and comparison to the existing theory and carried on the dynamic test to the blower foundation. In the analysis of crack of the foundation, we take into account the situation when the rate of reinforcement changes of fan foundation. Also the situation is that the distribution of the reinforcing steel bar changed with same rate, and the situation when the wall boundary change. On the base of the method of the finite element we developed large-scale soft and made parameterizations of the finite element programming. With the Visual Basic language, we compiled window-interface, set the parameters about the physical dimensions and material properties of the equipment, the blower foundation and the geology data of the understructure as the input variables. Through further research, we can achieve the following purpose: guiding the project design, optimization indicators of the blower foundations, achieve reasonable economic purpose.
The research results will provide the basis for existing problems of cement factory, also will provide the basis for future design working. Related technologies can be used in the field of resistance the crack under high temperature in kiln eye and kiln outlet.
由于风机起输送气体的作用,在水泥厂的运行过程中,产生的高温气体和粉尘在经过风机时,使得风机自身也具有高温,基础在热量的辐射下,局部会被传导一定温度。在温度荷载和上部设备动力荷载耦合的作用下,风机基础在某些部位很容易开裂。本文针对水泥厂生产过程中,风机设备基础高温开裂的问题,提出了有限元模拟的课题。文中以实际工程项目为背景,研究风机动力基础在温度荷载下的抗裂性能。
文中论述了当前动力分析的理论,以及动力基础的研究方法,对现有的理论做了细致的分析和对比。并对风机基础进行了温度分布的观测,基础混凝土强度的测定,以及现场动力测试,在各控制点放置加速度拾振器,获取加速度时程曲线,并对其进行筛选和分析,简化为有限元分析的荷载。
对高温风机基础内力分析,本文做了大量工作,查阅了大量国内外关于风机基础设计和混凝土开裂机理的相关研究文献,详细地分析了目前国内外的研究现状和存在的不足,并针对论文所要解决的问题学习了相关的理论知识。详细分析了风机在运转过程中基础的受力及其产生原因并且对风机基础抗裂的计算方法进行了探讨。将现场采集到的结果与给定的风机频率进行对比,从而为简化计算提供依据。在基础抗裂分析中考虑风机基础在配筋率变化的情况、基础配筋率相同的情况时,钢筋分布不同的情况、基础墙体约束变化的情况下基础的内力分布情况。在有限元分析的基础上,开发了大型有限元软件,将有限元程序进行参数化处理,利用Visual Basic语言对话框式界面,将基础类型、体系各部分几何尺寸,基础与上部设备材料组成及属性,等影响基础抗裂性能的因素设置成外部输入量,进行基础内力分析及配筋计算。通过进一步研究达到指导工程设计,优化基础各项指标,达到经济合理的目的。
研究成果将对现有水泥厂存在的问题,风机基础的加固改造和今后的设计工作提供设计依据,相关技术也可以应用在窑中、窑尾等高温抗裂领域。
Fan is the equipment for conveying gases. High temperature fan is the key equipment in the cement production process. It serves as pneumatic conveying cement powder. High temperature blower secure and stable operation directly affects the normal production of the enterprise.
Due to the function of fan is conveying gases, In the working process of the cement factory, the Fan is conducted high temperature when the high temperature gas and dust through the blower, so some parts of the foundation get temperature from the blower. With the effect of temperature and dynamic coupling load, some parts of the Fan base are easy craze.
In this paper, we made the subject of finite element simulation to the problem of cracking of the high temperature fan equipment base in the cement production process.
In this paper we research the function to resist the crack on the basis of fan under the temperature load with the actual background of some projects.
This paper was discussed the dynamic analysis principles that exist at present. The research method of the dynamic foundation. I have made a detailed analysis and comparison to the existing theory and carried on the dynamic test to the blower foundation. put the sensors at the points and then obtain the acceleration time history curve. Screen sizing and analyzing the applying them as the force of the structure.
In this paper, I have made a lot of work on the endogen force of the blower foundation. I also have read many materials internal and abroad materials about the civil design specification for blower foundations, I have also made a detailed analysis and comparison to the existing theory and carried on the dynamic test to the blower foundation. In the analysis of crack of the foundation, we take into account the situation when the rate of reinforcement changes of fan foundation. Also the situation is that the distribution of the reinforcing steel bar changed with same rate, and the situation when the wall boundary change. On the base of the method of the finite element we developed large-scale soft and made parameterizations of the finite element programming. With the Visual Basic language, we compiled window-interface, set the parameters about the physical dimensions and material properties of the equipment, the blower foundation and the geology data of the understructure as the input variables. Through further research, we can achieve the following purpose: guiding the project design, optimization indicators of the blower foundations, achieve reasonable economic purpose.
The research results will provide the basis for existing problems of cement factory, also will provide the basis for future design working. Related technologies can be used in the field of resistance the crack under high temperature in kiln eye and kiln outlet.
引文
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[3]F.Barzegar,S.Maddipudi,Three-Dimensional Modeling of Concrete Structures.Plain Concrete Journal of Structural Engineering,1997,10:1339 -- 1346
[4]CHEN Gender,SONG T.T.Exact Solutions to a Class of Structure-Equipment Systems[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1995
[5]G.Davenport.Gust loading factors[J]..Struct.Div,ASEC,1967,93(ST3):11-34.
[6]周立军,姜辰青.温度应力及振动导致织造厂房构件裂缝分析与措施.山东纺织科技,2005
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[8]程道广.大型设备基础重大典型温度裂缝事故分析及预防处理措施.建筑技术,2007.12.38(12)
[9]宋远齐,梁远忠,黄宁梅,龚胡广.大型火电厂主厂房钢筋混凝土结构温度应力分析.武汉大学学报(工学版).2007.10.40
[10]鲍俊瑶,李志远,陆益民,陈品.大型高温风机振源分析与诊断.振动、测试与诊断,2006.9.26(3)
[11]赵建忠,李振杰,宓群.宁海电厂块状风机基础竖向裂缝分析.电力建设,2004.10.25(10)
[12]Y.Zhou,A Kareem,M Gu.Equivalent static buffeting wind loads on structures[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2000,126(8):989-992.
[13]赵雨军.大型设备基础温度裂缝控制.西部探矿工程,2001.3
[14]王铁梦.工程结构裂缝控制[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[15]卫龙武,吕志涛,郭彤.建筑物评估、加固与改造.江苏科学技术出版社,2006.01
[16]卢哲安,汪声瑞,陈水广,卢胜.武汉地区长龄期碎石混凝土超声回弹综合法测强曲线研究.混凝土(理论研究),2008.3.
[17]王勇.大型设备基础的振动检测与有限元分析:(结构工程学位论文).武汉:武汉理工大学.2004.11
[18]李鑫鑫.三支座回转窑基础内力有限元分析:(结构工程学位论文).武汉:武汉理工大 学.2007.04
[19]王润富,陈国荣.温度场和温度应力,北京:科学出版社,2005.
[20]张宇鑫.大体积混凝土温度应力仿真分析与反分析:[博士学位论文].大连:大连理工大学.2008
[21]李彬彬.大体积混凝土温度应力有限元分析:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2007
[22]刘晶波,王振宇等.考虑土-结构相互作用大型动力机器基础三维有限元分析[J].工程力学,2002
[23]J.D.Holmes(1995),Discussion on "How can we simplify and generalize wind loading" by A.G.Davenport,J.Wind Eng.Ind.Aerodyn.Vol.58,2005,3:139-141
[24]Solari G.(1993),Gust buffeting:Dynamic algong-wind response,J.Strctt.Eng.,ASCE,Vol.119,No.2,PP.383-389
[25]R.W克拉夫,J.彭津,王光远,等译.结构动力学.北京:科学出版社,1981
[26]K.L.Shen,T.T.Soong,K.C.Chang,M.L.Lai,Seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete frame with added viscoelastic dampers,Engineering Structures,17(5),1995
[27]Filiatrault,A.and Cherry,S.,Seismic Design Spectra for Friction-Damped Structures,Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,Vol.116,No.5,1990
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