轮式带电水冲洗车总体方案的研究
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摘要
牵引变电所是电气化铁路的关键设施,牵引变电所使用很多高压电气设备,这些电气设备在长期的连续运行过程中,因大气中漂浮的各种尘垢、金属盐类、油污等综合污染物,沉积于各种电力设备的外绝缘表面(主要为绝缘子),在雾、露、雨、雪等天气下,绝缘强度会急剧下降,极易造成污闪事故。近年来,由于环境恶化,大气污染日益严重,大面积污闪事故在全国范围内频频发生,因此定期对配、变电设施上的绝缘子进行清污工作,是变电站必不可少的基本工作。过去主要是断电后人工擦洗。随着铁路发展向更高的目标迈进,靠人工清扫手段开展防污闪工作已经不能适应要求。开发高效安全的带电水冲洗设备越来越必要和迫切。
本文提出一种轮式带电水冲洗车方案,该设备主要针对所有变电站电压等级为110kV以下的绝缘子进行清洗。设备利用高电阻率的压力水柱进行绝缘子的冲洗,具有无需中断供电、清洗效果好、工作效率高、安全可靠等特点。
本文提出轮式带电水冲洗车方案主要包括了底盘和工作装置。工作装置主要包含动力系统、传动系统、水冲洗系统、水处理系统及辅助装置等。本文通过对总体方案及其动力系统、传动系统、水冲洗系统、水处理系统主要构成部分的分析与研究,为整机的研制奠定了坚实的基础。
Traction substation is the key facility of electrified railway, using a lot of high voltage electrical equipment in substation. With the continuous operation in the process of long-term these electric equipment, due to the air in a variety of floating dust, metal salt, oil and other comprehensive pollutant. Deposition in various power equipment external insulation surface (mainly for the insulator), in the fog, dew, rain, snow and other weather conditions,
the insulation strength will drop sharply, extremely easy to cause the pollution flashover accident. In recent years, due to the deterioration of the environment, air pollution is increasingly serious. The accident of pollution flashover of large area occurs frequently in the national scope. Therefore, a regular basis with variable insulator of electric facilities for cleaning is the basic work of substation essential.
The past is mainly manual cleaning after the interruption of power supply. With the railway development to a higher goal, relying on manual cleaning methods cannot meet the requirements of anti-pollution flashover. The development of efficient and safe charged water washing equipment is more and more necessary and urgent.
This paper proposes wheeled electrified water washing solution consists of the chassis and the working device. Working device mainly consists of power system, transmission system, water system, water treatment system and auxiliary equipment. Based on the overall scheme and its power system, transmission system, water system, water treatment system mainly analysis and research, and laid a solid foundation for the development of the whole device.
This paper proposes the design of a kind of wheeled charged water washing machine, The water flushing vehicle mainly within the voltage level is below110KV insulator cleaning. It which uses pressure water column high resistivity of insulator, has no need of power supply interruption characteristics, good cleaning effect, high work efficiency, safety and reliability.
本文提出一种轮式带电水冲洗车方案,该设备主要针对所有变电站电压等级为110kV以下的绝缘子进行清洗。设备利用高电阻率的压力水柱进行绝缘子的冲洗,具有无需中断供电、清洗效果好、工作效率高、安全可靠等特点。
本文提出轮式带电水冲洗车方案主要包括了底盘和工作装置。工作装置主要包含动力系统、传动系统、水冲洗系统、水处理系统及辅助装置等。本文通过对总体方案及其动力系统、传动系统、水冲洗系统、水处理系统主要构成部分的分析与研究,为整机的研制奠定了坚实的基础。
Traction substation is the key facility of electrified railway, using a lot of high voltage electrical equipment in substation. With the continuous operation in the process of long-term these electric equipment, due to the air in a variety of floating dust, metal salt, oil and other comprehensive pollutant. Deposition in various power equipment external insulation surface (mainly for the insulator), in the fog, dew, rain, snow and other weather conditions,
the insulation strength will drop sharply, extremely easy to cause the pollution flashover accident. In recent years, due to the deterioration of the environment, air pollution is increasingly serious. The accident of pollution flashover of large area occurs frequently in the national scope. Therefore, a regular basis with variable insulator of electric facilities for cleaning is the basic work of substation essential.
The past is mainly manual cleaning after the interruption of power supply. With the railway development to a higher goal, relying on manual cleaning methods cannot meet the requirements of anti-pollution flashover. The development of efficient and safe charged water washing equipment is more and more necessary and urgent.
This paper proposes wheeled electrified water washing solution consists of the chassis and the working device. Working device mainly consists of power system, transmission system, water system, water treatment system and auxiliary equipment. Based on the overall scheme and its power system, transmission system, water system, water treatment system mainly analysis and research, and laid a solid foundation for the development of the whole device.
This paper proposes the design of a kind of wheeled charged water washing machine, The water flushing vehicle mainly within the voltage level is below110KV insulator cleaning. It which uses pressure water column high resistivity of insulator, has no need of power supply interruption characteristics, good cleaning effect, high work efficiency, safety and reliability.
引文
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[26]雷鑫.绝缘子带电水冲洗控制系统的研发[D],西南交通大学,2006
[27]张戈.液压旋转软水管收放装置[P].2007(4)
[28]胡志忠.电气化铁路绝缘子水冲洗喷射流场特性研究[D].西南交通大学,2009
[29]柯坚.现代水压驱动技术[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,2001
[30]姚怀新,陈波.工程机械底盘理论[M].北京：人民教育出版社,2002
[31]禹华谦,陈春光,麦继婷.工程流体力学[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,2007
[32]吴振顺.液压控制系统[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2008
[33]Mier-Maza,R. Live line high voltage insulator washing system. Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference Power and Energy Systems.2001.P28-31
[34]Yasuda,Masayuki;Fujimura,Tctsuo.STUDY AND DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH WATER P-RESSURE HOT-LINE INSULATOR WASHING EGUIPMENT FOR 500KV SUBSTATION IEEET ransaetions on Power APParatus and Systems,Vpas-95,n6,Nov-Dec,1976,P 1919-1928
[35]Pelacchi,P.Antomatic hot line insulator washing device positioned by helicop-ter.Proeeedings of the IEEE intenational Conference on Transmission and Distribu-tion Construction and live Line Maintenance,ESMO,1998,P133
[36]Cakebread,R.J.;Brown,H.J.;Dawkins,R.B.AUTOMATIC INSULATOR-WASHING SYST-EM TO PREVENT FLASHOVER DUE TO POL-LUTION.Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers(London).1978. P1363-1366
[37]Kawaguehi,T.Self-control insulator washer for transmission Iine.Journal of the Soeiety of Instrument and Control Engineers.vol.27,no.6.June 1988.P501-2
[38]Voitsekhovsky B V,Solovkin E B,Grebennik O I.On Destruction of Rocks and Metals by High Pressure Jets of water.Proc.1st Int.Symp.Cutting Techology,1972, PaperG8
[39]张燕宾.变频器应用教程.机械工业出版社.2007(1)
[40]张燕宾.变频调速460问.机械工业出版社.2007(1)
[41]鲁欣,秦大庸,胡晓寒.国内外工业用水状况比较分析.水利水电技术.2009,40(1)：102105
[42]雷仲存,钱凯,刘念华,工业水处理原理与应用.化学工业出版社.2003
[43]卢晓江,何迎春,赖维.高压水射流清洗技术及应用.北京：化学工业出版社,2006,12—24
[44]熊兰,刘任,何友忠等.绝缘子污秽状态紫外在线监测研究.电工电能新技术,2011,30(1)：79-82
[45]张福增,李锐海,工国利.高海拔特高压线路绝缘子的直流污闪特性.南方电网技术,2011,5(1)：29-32
[46]李敬伟,张永永.卷筒机构和退筒机构传动装置总体设计研究.现代商贸工业,2012,16：188-189
[47]张铂,马超,樊传岗,等.带电水冲洗双水柱激射冲洗方法及装置[P],2010
[48]薛源,陶晓杰.高压水射流技术.仪器仪表用户[J],2010,01(037)：73-74
[49]Xue SX eta.l How to Formulate Standards of High Pressure Water-jet Unit-s.In: Proceed -ings of the 13th International Conference on Jetting Technolog-y,Cagliar,i1996-10-29 to 31, Bedfordshire:BHRG,1996.
[50]HarveyRL,AshleyDA.YatsL, et al.MajorVascular Injury from High-pressu-re Water-jet [J]. JTrauma,1996,40(1):165-7.
[51]薛晨,杨达敏.往复式内燃机驱动的交流发电机组的功率匹配和标定[J].移动电源与车辆,2003(4)
[2]冯金柱.世界电气化铁路概况[J].铁道知识,2003(3)
[3]冯金柱.我国电气化铁路牵引供电技术[J].铁路新貌,2006(3)
[4]张金昌.探秘电气化铁路供电[J].铁路知识,2005(8)
[5]李立峰.电气化铁道防污闪技术的研究[J].电气化铁道,2008(4)
[6]张晋,汲胜昌,曹涛.等电力设备带电清扫技术的现状与展望[J].绝缘材料,2009,42(2)：63-66
[7]张巍.绝缘子带电水冲洗车浅析[J].机械管理开发,2012(2)
[8]赵援朝,蒋建湘,高培庆.电气化铁路带电水冲洗工程车的开发[J].机车电传动,2001(6)
[8]TB10009—2005.铁路电力牵引供电设计规范[S]
[9]单圣熊,李汉卿,苏鹏程.《铁路电力牵引供电设计规范》(TB 10009—2005)简介
[J].铁道标准设计,2006(3)：83-87
[10]王国志,王兴民,单宝成.KJ-A型电气化铁道绝缘子带电水冲洗装置的研制[J].电气化铁道,2003(1)：26-28
[11]左五洲,胡璐,李军.从统计数据看我国专用汽车市场[J].专用汽车,2009(12)：26-31
[12]徐达,蒋崇贤.专用汽车结构与设计[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,1998
[13]杜维义.高压水射流系统中胶管的选择与喷嘴的计算[J].流体机械,1994(1)
[14]GB/T 13359—2008.电力设备带电水冲洗规程[S]
[15]王宝护.高压清洗机喷嘴的计算[J].干燥技术,2005(8)
[16]罗德刚,舒代游.轴向柱塞泵在不同工况下的效率[J].流体传动与控制,2004(7)
[17]GB/T 9234 2008.机动往复泵设计规范[S]
[18]陈长杰,薛芳群,柴书明.牵引变电所高压电器设备带电水冲洗装置[P].2002.2
[19]GB6682-92.分析实验室用水标准[S]
[20]赵锡斌,霍宝新,赵小龙.纯净水的制备办法,天津化工,1999(2)
[21]屈文生,左玉俊,马俊丽.反渗透技术在水处理中的应用[J].实用科技,2010(1)
[22]侯峰松.电力行业反渗透水处理技术新探[J].魅力中国,2010(4)
[23]胡炯华.二级反渗透工艺系统简介[J].有色冶金设计与研究,2007.28(6)
[24]刘建.关于专用汽车取力器的研究与市场分析[J].重型取车,2008(5)
[25]王祖林,姬黎波,张益涛.移动式输电线路带电水冲洗装置[P].2009(2)
[26]雷鑫.绝缘子带电水冲洗控制系统的研发[D],西南交通大学,2006
[27]张戈.液压旋转软水管收放装置[P].2007(4)
[28]胡志忠.电气化铁路绝缘子水冲洗喷射流场特性研究[D].西南交通大学,2009
[29]柯坚.现代水压驱动技术[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,2001
[30]姚怀新,陈波.工程机械底盘理论[M].北京：人民教育出版社,2002
[31]禹华谦,陈春光,麦继婷.工程流体力学[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,2007
[32]吴振顺.液压控制系统[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2008
[33]Mier-Maza,R. Live line high voltage insulator washing system. Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference Power and Energy Systems.2001.P28-31
[34]Yasuda,Masayuki;Fujimura,Tctsuo.STUDY AND DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH WATER P-RESSURE HOT-LINE INSULATOR WASHING EGUIPMENT FOR 500KV SUBSTATION IEEET ransaetions on Power APParatus and Systems,Vpas-95,n6,Nov-Dec,1976,P 1919-1928
[35]Pelacchi,P.Antomatic hot line insulator washing device positioned by helicop-ter.Proeeedings of the IEEE intenational Conference on Transmission and Distribu-tion Construction and live Line Maintenance,ESMO,1998,P133
[36]Cakebread,R.J.;Brown,H.J.;Dawkins,R.B.AUTOMATIC INSULATOR-WASHING SYST-EM TO PREVENT FLASHOVER DUE TO POL-LUTION.Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers(London).1978. P1363-1366
[37]Kawaguehi,T.Self-control insulator washer for transmission Iine.Journal of the Soeiety of Instrument and Control Engineers.vol.27,no.6.June 1988.P501-2
[38]Voitsekhovsky B V,Solovkin E B,Grebennik O I.On Destruction of Rocks and Metals by High Pressure Jets of water.Proc.1st Int.Symp.Cutting Techology,1972, PaperG8
[39]张燕宾.变频器应用教程.机械工业出版社.2007(1)
[40]张燕宾.变频调速460问.机械工业出版社.2007(1)
[41]鲁欣,秦大庸,胡晓寒.国内外工业用水状况比较分析.水利水电技术.2009,40(1)：102105
[42]雷仲存,钱凯,刘念华,工业水处理原理与应用.化学工业出版社.2003
[43]卢晓江,何迎春,赖维.高压水射流清洗技术及应用.北京：化学工业出版社,2006,12—24
[44]熊兰,刘任,何友忠等.绝缘子污秽状态紫外在线监测研究.电工电能新技术,2011,30(1)：79-82
[45]张福增,李锐海,工国利.高海拔特高压线路绝缘子的直流污闪特性.南方电网技术,2011,5(1)：29-32
[46]李敬伟,张永永.卷筒机构和退筒机构传动装置总体设计研究.现代商贸工业,2012,16：188-189
[47]张铂,马超,樊传岗,等.带电水冲洗双水柱激射冲洗方法及装置[P],2010
[48]薛源,陶晓杰.高压水射流技术.仪器仪表用户[J],2010,01(037)：73-74
[49]Xue SX eta.l How to Formulate Standards of High Pressure Water-jet Unit-s.In: Proceed -ings of the 13th International Conference on Jetting Technolog-y,Cagliar,i1996-10-29 to 31, Bedfordshire:BHRG,1996.
[50]HarveyRL,AshleyDA.YatsL, et al.MajorVascular Injury from High-pressu-re Water-jet [J]. JTrauma,1996,40(1):165-7.
[51]薛晨,杨达敏.往复式内燃机驱动的交流发电机组的功率匹配和标定[J].移动电源与车辆,2003(4)