无缝线路快速换轨作业车的设计
摘要
随着我国铁路建设的跨越式发展和铁路运输的六次大提速,我国铁路逐步向高速重载、大运量、高密度方向发展,要求线路尽快加强轨道结构,主要干线均需换铺无缝线路,加上现有的无缝线路也要按需进行周期更换,对轨道的要求越来越高。但目前铁路换轨大修仍基本采用人工或简易机具作业,效率低、质量差。面对这种形式,对于施工单位而言,急需一种能安全、可靠、性能优良换轨设备。本文结合铁道部课题“无缝线路快速换轨作业车的设计”,通过认真分析我国铁路运输的特点和研究国内外换轨技术的基础之上,提出了“无缝线路快速换轨车”设计的总体构思,并由此展开本文的研究工作。
本文遵照“安全、先进、可靠、经济、适用”的设计原则和铁道部相关技术标准,从工程实际出发,设计出换轨车总体机构,确定铁路快速换轨作业车由压枕器、护轨起复器、工具柜、动力系统、电控系统、液压系统、车辆(一)、钢轨就位器、钢轨吊钳组成、车辆(二)、扣件回收装置、扣件回收斗、钢轨收放装置(一)、钢轨收放装置(二)、钢轨收放装置(三)、钢轨收放装置(四)等组成。所研究的换轨车施工安全性好,换轨作业程度高,性能稳定性可靠,而且克服了换轨小车、改装车辆等,进行新、旧钢轨的换轨作业换轨时,新旧钢轨交叉干扰,容易掉道的现象。
本文还对换轨作业车的电器控制系统和液压控制系统设计进行说明,并对车辆车体静强度、换轨车的动力、钢轨应力、制动距离、车体通过界限的适应性、运行阻力以及扣件回收装置进行分析计算。
本文所研究设计的无缝线路快速换轨车方案达到世界先进水平,填补了国内空白,具有“性价比高,安全可靠,维护方便”等特点,是适合我国国情、路情的高效率、高性能的无缝线路换轨设备,其设计精度完全满足我国高速铁路换轨的初始平顺性。无缝线路快速换轨作业车现已在株洲生产,将在我国铁路大修换轨中推广使用。
With the acceleration of Chinese railway construction by leaps and bounds and six large-scale speed, the railway has gradually developed with the direction of high-speed heavy, large-capacity and high-density, which submits an increasing demanding on the track, such as to strengthen the track structure, to lay continuous welded rail track (CWR)on main railway lines, and to replace the existing CWR periodically. But in the present, the process of railroad tracks switching is basically by manual or simple operation, which is of low efficiency and poor quality. Consequently, there is an urgent need of using switching facilities which are more reliable and excellent and safer for Construction Units. Associating to the subject" Designing a Car for Rapid Change for Tracks" of Minister of Railway (MOR), and basing on analyzing the present characteristics of railway transport and ways of switching tracks home and abroad, this paper put forward the general conception of "Designing a Rapid Switching Car for Tracks" and the developing research on it.
Obeying on the design principles of "security, advance, reliability, economy and application" and relative technology standards of MOR, this paper, from the actual need of engineering project, designed the overall framework of a Rapid Switching Car for Tracks which constituted by Pressure-pillow device, guard rail for re-starting devices, tools cabinets, power systems, electric control system, hydraulic system, vehicle (1), rails-in-place device, compose of rail cranes tongs, vehicles (2), fasteners recovery unit, dipper for fasteners recovery, rail retractable device (1), rail retractable device (2), retractable device for rail(3) and retractable device for rail(4).The car is of safe construction, efficient operation and reliable performance and avoids the phenomenon of cross interferences and easy-off rails between new and old terms, which deriving from the performance of traditional switching car and modified vehicle.
The paper also explained electric control system and hydraulic control system of the car, and analyzes and calculates static strength of Vehicle body, the momentum for rail vehicles, rail stress, braking distance, the adaptability of the body through the boundaries, running resistance and fastener recovery
The switching car designed in this paper, which has many features such as low price, security and easy maintenance, comes up to advanced world standards and fills up the blank of the country. Meanwhile, the car, which meets the accuracy of the domestic high-speed track switching completely, also is a switching facility which meets the needs of domestic and railway condition. The switching car has been produced in Zhuzhou, and will be widely used in the railway maintenance all over the country.
本文遵照“安全、先进、可靠、经济、适用”的设计原则和铁道部相关技术标准,从工程实际出发,设计出换轨车总体机构,确定铁路快速换轨作业车由压枕器、护轨起复器、工具柜、动力系统、电控系统、液压系统、车辆(一)、钢轨就位器、钢轨吊钳组成、车辆(二)、扣件回收装置、扣件回收斗、钢轨收放装置(一)、钢轨收放装置(二)、钢轨收放装置(三)、钢轨收放装置(四)等组成。所研究的换轨车施工安全性好,换轨作业程度高,性能稳定性可靠,而且克服了换轨小车、改装车辆等,进行新、旧钢轨的换轨作业换轨时,新旧钢轨交叉干扰,容易掉道的现象。
本文还对换轨作业车的电器控制系统和液压控制系统设计进行说明,并对车辆车体静强度、换轨车的动力、钢轨应力、制动距离、车体通过界限的适应性、运行阻力以及扣件回收装置进行分析计算。
本文所研究设计的无缝线路快速换轨车方案达到世界先进水平,填补了国内空白,具有“性价比高,安全可靠,维护方便”等特点,是适合我国国情、路情的高效率、高性能的无缝线路换轨设备,其设计精度完全满足我国高速铁路换轨的初始平顺性。无缝线路快速换轨作业车现已在株洲生产,将在我国铁路大修换轨中推广使用。
With the acceleration of Chinese railway construction by leaps and bounds and six large-scale speed, the railway has gradually developed with the direction of high-speed heavy, large-capacity and high-density, which submits an increasing demanding on the track, such as to strengthen the track structure, to lay continuous welded rail track (CWR)on main railway lines, and to replace the existing CWR periodically. But in the present, the process of railroad tracks switching is basically by manual or simple operation, which is of low efficiency and poor quality. Consequently, there is an urgent need of using switching facilities which are more reliable and excellent and safer for Construction Units. Associating to the subject" Designing a Car for Rapid Change for Tracks" of Minister of Railway (MOR), and basing on analyzing the present characteristics of railway transport and ways of switching tracks home and abroad, this paper put forward the general conception of "Designing a Rapid Switching Car for Tracks" and the developing research on it.
Obeying on the design principles of "security, advance, reliability, economy and application" and relative technology standards of MOR, this paper, from the actual need of engineering project, designed the overall framework of a Rapid Switching Car for Tracks which constituted by Pressure-pillow device, guard rail for re-starting devices, tools cabinets, power systems, electric control system, hydraulic system, vehicle (1), rails-in-place device, compose of rail cranes tongs, vehicles (2), fasteners recovery unit, dipper for fasteners recovery, rail retractable device (1), rail retractable device (2), retractable device for rail(3) and retractable device for rail(4).The car is of safe construction, efficient operation and reliable performance and avoids the phenomenon of cross interferences and easy-off rails between new and old terms, which deriving from the performance of traditional switching car and modified vehicle.
The paper also explained electric control system and hydraulic control system of the car, and analyzes and calculates static strength of Vehicle body, the momentum for rail vehicles, rail stress, braking distance, the adaptability of the body through the boundaries, running resistance and fastener recovery
The switching car designed in this paper, which has many features such as low price, security and easy maintenance, comes up to advanced world standards and fills up the blank of the country. Meanwhile, the car, which meets the accuracy of the domestic high-speed track switching completely, also is a switching facility which meets the needs of domestic and railway condition. The switching car has been produced in Zhuzhou, and will be widely used in the railway maintenance all over the country.
引文
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