中国与世界女排强队攻防技术链对比研究
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摘要
中国女排在2009和2010年世界女排大奖赛总决赛中所取得的成绩令国人堪忧,攻防体系和世界女排强队的差距非常明显,攻防技术链也是新一届中国女排必须解决的根本问题。
本文通过两届世界女排大奖赛总决赛中国女排与世界女排强队之间的比赛,从攻防技术链角度出发,理论上把攻防技术链分为发球和四攻技术链,不但对比中国女排与世界女排强队发球和四攻技术链各个技术环节,从单项技术上把握中国女排与世界女排强队攻防技术链之间的差距,而且对比中国女排与世界女排强队四攻战术运用效果和攻防技术链整体得失分的情况,从整体上把握中国女排与世界女排强队攻防技术链之间的差距。通过各单项和整体上的对比得出如下结论:
第一,理论上把排球运动整个攻防技术链表示为发球→→接发球一传→→二传→→扣、吊球(扣球保护)→→拦网或后排防守→→接扣、吊球→→防反二传→→防反扣球→→…………,采用分段法把整个攻防技术链分为发球、一攻技术链、防反技术链、保攻技术链和推攻技术链。
第二,在攻防技术链的起点发球上,发球得分、破战术和破攻上都与世界女排强队存在一定的差距;中国女排发球的攻击性明显比对手弱;同样世界女排强队靠发球冲击中国女排的一攻,减轻自己的防守压力;发球失误率比对手高。
第三,攻防技术链的四攻系统的每个攻防技术环节都与世界女排强队存在一定的差距;每个技术链一传到位率都比世界女排强队要低;每个技术链二传在分配球能力上、传球的精确度上等都与世界女排强队存在一定的差距;每个技术链的进攻队员在对球路线、力量、速度、落点等方面把握能力与世界女排强队的攻手存在一定的差距;四攻技术链整体战术运用效果上没世界女排强队好,每个技术链中各个攻防技术环节的衔接没世界女排强队顺畅。
第四,从攻防技术链整体得失分上看,中国女排的主动得分能力明显比世界女排强队的弱很多,表现在比赛中就是进攻手段单一;靠对手失误得分即被动得分占一定比列,而同时自己的失误率也比对手要高。
第五,从整个研究过程得出的数据分析中国女排与世界女排强队整体实力有拉大趋势,中国女排的攻防系统失衡,进攻威胁没世界女排强队大,同时防守表现出弱的态势,在与世界女排强队对决时表现出根本就没有对抗性,呈现一边倒趋势,这些充分说明中国女排有退出世界女排强队之列的危险。
Chinese women's volleyball team in 2009 and 2010 world women's volleyball grand prix finals in the achievements in the country are grim. defense system and the world women's volleyball team gap is very apparent. Attack defensive technique chain is also a new session of the Chinese women's volleyball team must solve fundamental problems .
This article through the two-time world women's volleyball grand prix finals Chinese women's volleyball team and world women's volleyball team between competition ,From the Angle of attack defensive technique chain ,Theoretically the attack defensive technique chain serving and four times into attacking technology chain . Not only contrast with world women's volleyball teams Chinese women's volleyball team serve and four offensive attack technology chain, from each technology link on single technology Chinese women's volleyball team and grasp the world women's volleyball team offensive defense technology chain gap between Chinese women's volleyball team, and contrast with the world women's volleyball team four times offense application effect and attack defensive technique chain to the overall points from grasping, Chinese women's volleyball team and world women's volleyball teams attacking the gap between the defense technology chain. Each single and overall by comparison to the conclusion:
The first, the volleyball entire offensive in defense technology chain serving and receiving and expressed as receiving - > Williams - > buttons, lob (spiking protection) > > block or rear defense - - connect button, lob - > counter-attack and counter-attack spiking - and setter,............ And the whole attack by subsection law defense technology chain into serve, a first offense technology chain, defensive technology chain, protection against technical chain and push the ball attack technology chain.
The second, in the starting point of attack defensive technique chain serving, serve score, destroy tactics and destroy attacking were and world women's volleyball team has certain gap; Chinese women's volleyball team serve attack obvious weak than rivals; Also world women's volleyball team serve the impact on Chinese women's volleyball team first offense, reduce his defensive pressure; Faulty service opponent serve than high.
The third, four times every attack offensive attack system with defense technology link world women's volleyball team has certain gap; Each technical chain first pass than world women's volleyball teams special to low; Each technology in the distribution chain second pass, passing on the ball with world women's volleyball superior precision gap exists certain elite; Each technical chain attacking players on the ball route, strength, speed, placement, etc with world women's volleyball teams holding ability of hands, there are certain gap attack; Four times overall tactical use offensive techniques chain didn't world women's volleyball teams effect, each technical chain of each attack the backhand technology link cohesive didn't world women's volleyball team smoothly.
The fourth, from attack defensive technique chain to look overall points, Chinese women's volleyball team scoring ability of active than world women's volleyball team obviously a lot weaker performance in the game, is offensive means of a single; Scoring by opponents of mistakes that passive score than a column, while his failure probability higher than rivals.
The fifth, from the research process of data analysis that Chinese women's volleyball team and world women's volleyball team overall strength have widened trend, Chinese women's volleyball team offensive defense system imbalance, offensive threats, and showed weak defense in the situation, with weak against world women's volleyball team presents no confrontational, present trends, the full explanation one-sided Chinese women's volleyball team have the backing of the world women's volleyball team list is dangerous.
本文通过两届世界女排大奖赛总决赛中国女排与世界女排强队之间的比赛,从攻防技术链角度出发,理论上把攻防技术链分为发球和四攻技术链,不但对比中国女排与世界女排强队发球和四攻技术链各个技术环节,从单项技术上把握中国女排与世界女排强队攻防技术链之间的差距,而且对比中国女排与世界女排强队四攻战术运用效果和攻防技术链整体得失分的情况,从整体上把握中国女排与世界女排强队攻防技术链之间的差距。通过各单项和整体上的对比得出如下结论:
第一,理论上把排球运动整个攻防技术链表示为发球→→接发球一传→→二传→→扣、吊球(扣球保护)→→拦网或后排防守→→接扣、吊球→→防反二传→→防反扣球→→…………,采用分段法把整个攻防技术链分为发球、一攻技术链、防反技术链、保攻技术链和推攻技术链。
第二,在攻防技术链的起点发球上,发球得分、破战术和破攻上都与世界女排强队存在一定的差距;中国女排发球的攻击性明显比对手弱;同样世界女排强队靠发球冲击中国女排的一攻,减轻自己的防守压力;发球失误率比对手高。
第三,攻防技术链的四攻系统的每个攻防技术环节都与世界女排强队存在一定的差距;每个技术链一传到位率都比世界女排强队要低;每个技术链二传在分配球能力上、传球的精确度上等都与世界女排强队存在一定的差距;每个技术链的进攻队员在对球路线、力量、速度、落点等方面把握能力与世界女排强队的攻手存在一定的差距;四攻技术链整体战术运用效果上没世界女排强队好,每个技术链中各个攻防技术环节的衔接没世界女排强队顺畅。
第四,从攻防技术链整体得失分上看,中国女排的主动得分能力明显比世界女排强队的弱很多,表现在比赛中就是进攻手段单一;靠对手失误得分即被动得分占一定比列,而同时自己的失误率也比对手要高。
第五,从整个研究过程得出的数据分析中国女排与世界女排强队整体实力有拉大趋势,中国女排的攻防系统失衡,进攻威胁没世界女排强队大,同时防守表现出弱的态势,在与世界女排强队对决时表现出根本就没有对抗性,呈现一边倒趋势,这些充分说明中国女排有退出世界女排强队之列的危险。
Chinese women's volleyball team in 2009 and 2010 world women's volleyball grand prix finals in the achievements in the country are grim. defense system and the world women's volleyball team gap is very apparent. Attack defensive technique chain is also a new session of the Chinese women's volleyball team must solve fundamental problems .
This article through the two-time world women's volleyball grand prix finals Chinese women's volleyball team and world women's volleyball team between competition ,From the Angle of attack defensive technique chain ,Theoretically the attack defensive technique chain serving and four times into attacking technology chain . Not only contrast with world women's volleyball teams Chinese women's volleyball team serve and four offensive attack technology chain, from each technology link on single technology Chinese women's volleyball team and grasp the world women's volleyball team offensive defense technology chain gap between Chinese women's volleyball team, and contrast with the world women's volleyball team four times offense application effect and attack defensive technique chain to the overall points from grasping, Chinese women's volleyball team and world women's volleyball teams attacking the gap between the defense technology chain. Each single and overall by comparison to the conclusion:
The first, the volleyball entire offensive in defense technology chain serving and receiving and expressed as receiving - > Williams - > buttons, lob (spiking protection) > > block or rear defense - - connect button, lob - > counter-attack and counter-attack spiking - and setter,............ And the whole attack by subsection law defense technology chain into serve, a first offense technology chain, defensive technology chain, protection against technical chain and push the ball attack technology chain.
The second, in the starting point of attack defensive technique chain serving, serve score, destroy tactics and destroy attacking were and world women's volleyball team has certain gap; Chinese women's volleyball team serve attack obvious weak than rivals; Also world women's volleyball team serve the impact on Chinese women's volleyball team first offense, reduce his defensive pressure; Faulty service opponent serve than high.
The third, four times every attack offensive attack system with defense technology link world women's volleyball team has certain gap; Each technical chain first pass than world women's volleyball teams special to low; Each technology in the distribution chain second pass, passing on the ball with world women's volleyball superior precision gap exists certain elite; Each technical chain attacking players on the ball route, strength, speed, placement, etc with world women's volleyball teams holding ability of hands, there are certain gap attack; Four times overall tactical use offensive techniques chain didn't world women's volleyball teams effect, each technical chain of each attack the backhand technology link cohesive didn't world women's volleyball team smoothly.
The fourth, from attack defensive technique chain to look overall points, Chinese women's volleyball team scoring ability of active than world women's volleyball team obviously a lot weaker performance in the game, is offensive means of a single; Scoring by opponents of mistakes that passive score than a column, while his failure probability higher than rivals.
The fifth, from the research process of data analysis that Chinese women's volleyball team and world women's volleyball team overall strength have widened trend, Chinese women's volleyball team offensive defense system imbalance, offensive threats, and showed weak defense in the situation, with weak against world women's volleyball team presents no confrontational, present trends, the full explanation one-sided Chinese women's volleyball team have the backing of the world women's volleyball team list is dangerous.
引文
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[6]靳小雨.“攻防链”理论解读发球在竞技排球比赛中的作用[J].西安体育学院学报,2010,27(1).
[7]谢国臣.第15届世锦赛中国女排一攻与防反战术运用效果研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2007,22(6).
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[2]钟秉枢等.排球运动科学的发展及展望[J] .北京体育大学学报,1995,02.
[3]殷国谨.再论平衡和不平衡的概念、关系及其方法论意义[J] .科学技术与辩证法,1986,01.
[4]许瑞勋,郭瑞平.排球运动发展中的哲学规律探讨[J].首都体育学院学报,2005,17(5).
[5]苏华成.中国与意大利、巴西、美国女排攻防对抗技术链对比研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.
[6]靳小雨.“攻防链”理论解读发球在竞技排球比赛中的作用[J].西安体育学院学报,2010,27(1).
[7]谢国臣.第15届世锦赛中国女排一攻与防反战术运用效果研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2007,22(6).
[8]张欣.第29届奥运会中外女排进攻战术运用效果的比较研究[J].山东体育学院学报,2009,25(8).
[9]刘连科.排球竞赛中的主动与被动[J].内蒙古民族大学学报,2002.
[10]姚辉波,余胜如.推动排球运动发展的动力——从哲学视角研究探微[J].乐山师范学院,2007,22(12).
[11]黄汉升.球类运动——排球[M] .北京:高等教育出版社,2009.
[12]武风英.排球运动中攻防转换与取胜之道的探讨[J].体育师友,2003,01.
[13]尹洪满.排球比赛发球进攻系统和接发球进攻系统分竞赛过程得失分规律[J].北京体育大学学报,2009,32(9).
[14]张哲。排球攻守失衡理论探析[J].辽宁师专学报,2008,10(2)。
[15]谢洪志。现代竞技排球运动防守技术、战术特征与应用研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2009.
[16]靳小雨。攻防链理论解读发球在竞技排球比赛中的作用[J].西安体育学院学报,2010,1.
[17]史友宽,张岩。2008年北京奥运会女子排球赛4强进攻能力对比分析[J].中国体育科技,2009,04.
[18]韩素萍,李峰,朱伟卫。第29届奥运会世界女子排球强队进攻效果的比较分析[J].山东体育科技,2009,01.
[19]张玉红,王辉.新一届中国女排与世界优秀女排攻防技战术效果的对比研究[J].军事体育进修学院学报,2010,29(1).
[20]王继康.中国女排近几年参加世界大赛四攻战术得分效果研究[J].山西教育学院学报,2008,04.
[21]张玉红,王辉.对29界奥运会中国女排一攻和防反的调研[J].吉林体育学院学报,2009,25(3).
[22]王咏梅.近两年世界女子排球塞上中国女排攻防技战术效果的分析研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2008.
[23]李维萍,胡胜.对排球新赛制下的一攻与防反的调查研究[J].辽宁体育科技,2002,24(4)。
[24]纪进,徐雄杰,李瑜等.防守反击在现代排球比赛中的应用[J].广州体育学院学报,2001,21(1).
[25]胡森林.中国女排与世界强队实力分析[J].体育成人教育学刊,2006,22(5).
[26]李克森.中外女子排球比赛节奏的比较研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2007.
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