高空长航时无人机飞行控制计算机系统冗余设计技术研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
高空长航时无人机需要很高的可靠性才能完成各种任务。采用冗余容错技术可以提高系统的可靠性。本文针对某型号预研高空长航时无人机飞行控制计算机系统的可靠性要求,运用冗余容错技术对其进行了设计研究。首先分析了计算机冗余结构的基本类型以及本次设计的要求特点,选择了自监控二冗余飞行控制计算机系统的设计方案,运用马尔科夫模型对此冗余系统的可靠性进行了计算研究,并且对此冗余结构进行了详细地描述及设计。对冗余管理所涉及的通道的同步技术、通道内及通道间的数据交换、信号的监控和表决、通道故障逻辑、计算机故障检测及容错处理等技术进行了讨论研究。然后将此冗余管理算法在嵌入式实时操作系统VxWorks下进行实现,并给出结果。最后对系统结构进行数字仿真,并进行故障注入研究,以便更好的验证系统的可靠性和合理性。仿真结果表明,采用自监控二冗余计算机结构提高了系统的可靠性,而且结构简单合理,满足设计要求。
A high altitude, long endurance unmanned aerial vehicles should be high reliability for achieving kinds of tasks. And using techniques of redundancy fault-tolerance can improve reliability. Focusing on the advance research of the flight control computer system of some type of a high altitude, long endurance unmanned aerial vehicles, this paper analyzes and research its staicture in techniques of redundancy fault-tolerance. Firstly discussing basic type of computer redundant structure and characteristic of the systems, the self-monitoring dual redundancy computer systems is brought forward as the design scheme for the required flight control computer system. The redundant structure is researched about reliability by using Markor model and is carefully designed. Also designed and researched the synchronization scheme for channels, the data transmission scheme for channels, failure logic scheme for channels, the strategies of signals voting and monitoring, computer failure checking scheme about techniques of re
    dundant management. And then the algorithm of redundant management is embedding into embedded real-time operating system VxWorks. Finally the systems structure is simulated in digital method and is researched about fault injection so that its reliability and rationality should be validated. It shows the self-monitoring dual redundancy computer systems which is simple and rational that improve reliability of redundant systems.
引文
[1] Kristina Ahlstrom, Jan Torin, Future Architecture For Flight Control Systems, IEEE 20th Digital Avionics Systems Conference, 2001. pp 1 .B.5-1--1 .B.5-10.
    [2] Louis P Bolduc, Redundancy Management System For The X-33 Vehicle And Mission Computer, Proc. IEEE/AIAA 19th Digital Avionics Systems Conference, 2000, pp 1 .C.3-1--1 .C.3-7.
    [3] Y.C. (Bob) Yeh, et al. Triple-triple Redundant 777 Primary Flight Computer, AIAA Journal of Guidance, Vol. 6, No. 2, 1996..
    [4] Bruce K. Walker, Norman M. Wereley, Effects of Redundancy Management on Reliability Modeling, IEEE Trans. Reliability, Vol. 38, NO. 4, 1989 October.
    [5] Louis P Bolduc, Clock Synchronization in An N-Modular Redundant System, IEEE/AIAA 21st Digital Avionics Systems Conference, 2002, pp 9.A.5-1--9.A.5-8.
    [6] Mahyar Malekpour, Wilfredo Torres, Characterization of A Recoverable Flight Control Computer System, Proc. IEEE International Conference on control Applications, 1999 August 22-27, pp 1519-1524.
    [7] Chung-Yu Liu, An Approach to Synchronize Redundant Flight Critical Computers Using Cross Channel Data Links, 21st Digital Avionics Systems Conference, IEEE Transactions on Automation, 2002, pp 13.D.4-1-- 13.D.4-8.
    [8] Tom Sadeghi, William Harris, Real Time Executive Kernel And Fault Management Tools, IEEE 1995, pp 392-398.
    [9] Douglas M. Blough, Tatsuhiro Torii, Fault-injection-Based Testing of Fault-Tolerant Algorithms in Message-Passing Parallel Computers, IEEE 1997, pp 258-267.
    [10] 张小林.小型无人机机载计算机的余度设计技术.西北工业大学学报,2001:(2):23-26
    [11] 欧阳珣.双机双控容错系统的设计.计算机系统应用,1999:(2):26—29
    
    
    [12] 王非.飞行控制计算机余度结构与设计策略研究.航空计算技术,1996;10(1):32—34
    [13] 王志荣,袁赣南.实时双机容错冗余系统设计与研究,黑龙江自动化技术与应用,1998:17(2)
    [14] 江建慧.低成本冗余结构可信性定量属性分析,微处理机,1998:(4)
    [15] 王丽华,徐志根,王长林,可维修三模冗余结构系统的可靠度与安全度分析.西南交通大学学报,2002:37(1):104-107
    [16] 江冰.8086双机容错系统的设计.微处理机,1997:(2):19—20
    [17] 徐立云.一种双机备份系统的软实现.测控技术,2000:19(8)43—44
    [18] 赵跃龙.实现双机间大批量数据高速传送的一种方法.电脑学习,1998
    [19] 王敏.双机容错系统中仲裁器的设计,电器传动,1998:(1)
    [20] 陈养平.基于VxWorks的实时多任务软件设计.微电子学与计算机,2002;15 (10):58—62
    [21] 石峻,申崇江.嵌入式操作系统VxWorks中串行通信.计算机工程,2000;26(6):34-38
    [22] 王保华,方惠如.多网口通信在VxWorks中的实现.微机算机信息,2002;18(8):41-45
    [23] 赵志敏.实时双机容错系统的双机切换及同步控制.计算机工程,1998;
    [24] 尹征琦.双模冗余系统及其自动切换控制逻辑.电子技术,1997:(4)
    [25] 孙俊朝,王建莹.故障注入方法与工具的研究现状.宇航学报,2001;22(1):100—104
    [26] 韩炜,故障注入器功能设计.航空计算技术,2001;31(2)
    [27] 孙俊朝,王建莹.容错机制测评中的故障注入模型及应用算法.计算机研究与发展,1999;36(11)
    [28] 罗峰,邓建华.自修复飞行控制系统仿真平台研制.飞行力学,2000;18(1)
    [29] 杨云波.二容错计算机系统研究与设计.西北工业大学硕士论文,2002
    [30] 王丽华.计算机容错系统的体系结构与安全性研究.西南交通大学硕士
    
    学位论文,2001
    [31] 张明廉.飞行控制系统.国防工业出版社,1984。
    [32] 姚一平.可靠性及余度技术.航空工业出版社,1995
    [33] 王珍熙.可靠性、冗余及容错技术.航空工业出版社,1991
    [34] 杨士元. 数字系统的故障诊断与可靠性设计. 清华大学出版社,1995
    [35] 刘林,郭恩友. 飞行控制系统的分系统. 国防工业出版社,2003
    [36] 申安玉, 申学仁.自动飞行控制系统.国防工业出版社,2003
    [37] 宋翔贵,张新国.电传飞行控制系统.国防工业出版社,2003
    [38] 马兴义.Matlab 6应用开发指南.机械工业出版社,2001
    [39] VxWorks Programmer's Guide Wind River system, Inc 1998
    [40] 孔祥营. 嵌入式实时操作系统VxWorks及其开发环境Tornado.中国电力出版社,2002

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700