IP网络可靠性技术研究与实现
|
摘要
IP网络技术在近年已开始全面进入电信级运营领域,从而对IP网络的可靠性提出了很高的要求。IP网络上的关键路径必须要有备份。某一段路径一旦出现故障,导致流量中断,必须要能够在极短的时间内检测到,并快速将业务流量切换到备份路径上,使电信用户基本感知不到故障的发生,避免对电信用户产生严重影响。
本文首先介绍了网络技术的基础理论,OSI参考模型。OSI模型是以国际标准化组织的一份提案为基础的,它为各层所使用的协议的国际化标准迈出了第一步。OSI模型的全称是Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model,因为它涉及到如何将开放的系统连接起来。本文接着研究了链路层协议,网络层协议以及近年来非常流行的多标签转换协议,为后面的需求分析与规格分析打下了坚实的基础。
为了将IP网络可靠性技术在ASIC中实现,按照目前业界最流行的ASIC设计流程,需求分析必不可少。文章研究了目前IP网络中应用广泛的协议与其对应的故障管理协议,ETH OAM,MPLS OAM,BFD等协议。本文对这些协议做了细致的研究,对应用场景以及相应的组网需求也进行了深入分析,保证了ASIC需求及规格的正确性。
在设计实现过程中,本人严格按照业界标准的ASIC设计流程来规划项目进度。在每个流程中都按照规范来进行设计,从需求分析到架构设计,从RTL编码到逻辑综合,从形式验证到静态时序分析等流程。最后,将符合质量要求的网表交给芯片生产商。
IP网络可靠性技术在ASIC中的实现,具有以下特点:在各种协议的指导下,ASIC的功能分析合理;采用ASIC来实现OAM功能,性能可以满足任何电信运营商的要求;设计中包含了可编程ASIC的设计思想,使得该ASIC能够处理我们目前还不了解的功能,只需要简单地进行改变配置就能够实现。
IP technology has already become mainstream technology of carrier class. So it demands a higher credibility. For example, data of key path must be backed. If some section of this key path breaks down, interrupting the service based on this path. We must find the failure and switch our service to another path in split second, which is backup path. It could make clients almost doesn’t aware this accident has ever happened and avoid producing heavily negative effect.
This article expounded the OSI reference module, basic theory of Net Technology. OSI Reference Module stride the first step for making protocols of all layers internationalized. Full name of OSI is Open System Interconnection, because it refers to how to connect open system. This article researched protocol of Link layer, protocol of Network layer and Multi-Protocol Label Switch, creating a stability foundation.
According to the most popularity flow of ASIC Design, requirements analyzing is absolutely necessarily for turn IP Network reliability Technology into ASIC. This article research several kinds of protocol, such as ETH OAM, MPLS OAM, BFD. Particularity researching to these protocols and deeply analyzing to requirements of network organizing ensured that AISC requirement and specification are right.
In process of design and realizing it, I marked out the schedule absolutely basing the standard ASIC design flow. I design my design according to the standard in every sub-flow, such as Requirement Analyzing, Architecture Design, RTL coding, Logic synthesis, Formality, STA, and so on. Finally, I take out high quality netlist to foundry.
IP network reliability technology realization in ASIC has some peculiarity as follows. ASIC function analyzing is reasonable based on the OAM protocol. It can fulfill every telecom company’s demand. This article has a programmable theory, which could apply some specific function for processing some unknown protocol.
本文首先介绍了网络技术的基础理论,OSI参考模型。OSI模型是以国际标准化组织的一份提案为基础的,它为各层所使用的协议的国际化标准迈出了第一步。OSI模型的全称是Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model,因为它涉及到如何将开放的系统连接起来。本文接着研究了链路层协议,网络层协议以及近年来非常流行的多标签转换协议,为后面的需求分析与规格分析打下了坚实的基础。
为了将IP网络可靠性技术在ASIC中实现,按照目前业界最流行的ASIC设计流程,需求分析必不可少。文章研究了目前IP网络中应用广泛的协议与其对应的故障管理协议,ETH OAM,MPLS OAM,BFD等协议。本文对这些协议做了细致的研究,对应用场景以及相应的组网需求也进行了深入分析,保证了ASIC需求及规格的正确性。
在设计实现过程中,本人严格按照业界标准的ASIC设计流程来规划项目进度。在每个流程中都按照规范来进行设计,从需求分析到架构设计,从RTL编码到逻辑综合,从形式验证到静态时序分析等流程。最后,将符合质量要求的网表交给芯片生产商。
IP网络可靠性技术在ASIC中的实现,具有以下特点:在各种协议的指导下,ASIC的功能分析合理;采用ASIC来实现OAM功能,性能可以满足任何电信运营商的要求;设计中包含了可编程ASIC的设计思想,使得该ASIC能够处理我们目前还不了解的功能,只需要简单地进行改变配置就能够实现。
IP technology has already become mainstream technology of carrier class. So it demands a higher credibility. For example, data of key path must be backed. If some section of this key path breaks down, interrupting the service based on this path. We must find the failure and switch our service to another path in split second, which is backup path. It could make clients almost doesn’t aware this accident has ever happened and avoid producing heavily negative effect.
This article expounded the OSI reference module, basic theory of Net Technology. OSI Reference Module stride the first step for making protocols of all layers internationalized. Full name of OSI is Open System Interconnection, because it refers to how to connect open system. This article researched protocol of Link layer, protocol of Network layer and Multi-Protocol Label Switch, creating a stability foundation.
According to the most popularity flow of ASIC Design, requirements analyzing is absolutely necessarily for turn IP Network reliability Technology into ASIC. This article research several kinds of protocol, such as ETH OAM, MPLS OAM, BFD. Particularity researching to these protocols and deeply analyzing to requirements of network organizing ensured that AISC requirement and specification are right.
In process of design and realizing it, I marked out the schedule absolutely basing the standard ASIC design flow. I design my design according to the standard in every sub-flow, such as Requirement Analyzing, Architecture Design, RTL coding, Logic synthesis, Formality, STA, and so on. Finally, I take out high quality netlist to foundry.
IP network reliability technology realization in ASIC has some peculiarity as follows. ASIC function analyzing is reasonable based on the OAM protocol. It can fulfill every telecom company’s demand. This article has a programmable theory, which could apply some specific function for processing some unknown protocol.
引文
[1]思科网络学院教程(第一、二学期).人民邮电出版社,2004
[2]思科网络学院教程(第三、四学期).人民邮电出版社,2004
[3] http://www.mie168.com/other/2003-12/38513.htm“核心路由器的发展趋势分析”
[4] W.Richard Stevens. TCP/IP协议详解之卷一:协议.机械工业出版社,2000
[5]谢希仁.计算机网络教程(第二版).人民邮电出版社,2006
[6]刘维嘉. IP网络故障监测系统的研究与实现.西南交通大学,2006
[7]陈利兵. BFD技术在IP承载网中的应用.现代电信科技,2008(01):61 - 64
[8]高鑫.双向转发检测(BFD)协议研究.北京邮电大学,2007
[9] Katz, D,Ward, D. BFD for IPv4 and IPv6 (Single Hop). draft-ietf-bfd-v4v6-1hop-05, June 2006. Page(s):5 - 20
[10] Aggarwal.R, Kompella.K. BFD for MPLS LSPs. draft-ietf-bfd-mpls-03, June 2006. Page(s):13 - 14
[11] Gabor.A.F, Dobrota.V, Steenhaut.K, Blaga.T. Preliminary implementation of“Bidirectional Forwarding Detection”protocol for unicast and multicast. Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, 2008. OPTIM 2008. 11th International Conference on 22-24 May 2008 Page(s):217 - 220
[12] McFarland.M, Salam.S, Checker.R. Ethernet OAM: key enabler for carrier class metro ethernet services. Communications Magazine, IEEE Volume 43, Issue 11, Nov. 2005. Page(s):152 - 157
[13] Tsurusawa, M.; Horiuchi, Y.; Feasibility validation of management capability for an Ethernet based access network using Ethernet OAM functionality. Network Operations and Management Symposium, 2008. NOMS 2008. IEEE 7-11 April 2008 Page(s):660 - 673
[14] Jeong-Dong Ryoo; Jongtae Song; Jaewoo Park; Bheom-Soon Joo; OAM and its performance monitoring mechanisms for carrier ethernet transport networks. Communications Magazine, IEEE Volume 46, Issue 3, March 2008 Page(s):97 - 103
[15] ITU-T Rec Y.1730. Requirements for OAM functions in Ethernet based networks,2004. Page(s):7 - 21
[16] OAM functions and mechanisms for ethernet based networks .ITU-T Recommendation Y 1731, 2007. Page(s):16 - 33
[17]李昕,韩林,陈山枝.以太网的OAM机制——以太网走向电信级和更广泛应用的基石.电信科学,2005(05),43 - 47
[18]詹翊春.电信级以太网OAM的标准与发展.电信科学,2007(10),72 - 76
[19] IEEE Std 802.1ag draft8, Connectivity Fault Management in Ethernet, 2007. Page(s):3 - 17
[20] Requirement for OAM Functionlity in MPLS Networks .ITU-T Rec Y1710.2002, 11. Page(s):9 - 25
[21] IETF. Multi Protocol Label Switching Architecture. RFC3031. 2001, 01. Page(s):6 - 10
[22] IETF. MPLS Label Stack Encoding .RFC3032.2001, 01 Page(s):1 - 15
[23] Operation & Maintenance Mechanism For MPLS Networks .ITU-T Rec Y1711.2004,02 Page(s):33 - 45
[24] Ash.J, Li Chung, D'Souza.K, Wai Sum Lai, Van der Linde.H, Yung Yu. AT&T's MPLS OAM architecture, experience, and evolution. Communications Magazine, IEEE Volume 42, Issue 10, Oct. 2004 Page(s):100 - 111
[25] Aggarwal.R. OAM mechanisms in MPLS layer 2 transport networks. Communications Magazine, IEEE Volume 42, Issue 10, Oct. 2004 Page(s):124 - 130
[26]赵伟. MPLS OAM技术研究及其实现.北京邮电大学, 2008
[27] Ethernet protection switching.ITU-T Recommendation G 8031/Y.1342.2006. Page(s):32 - 39
[28]陈山枝. MPLS故障检测和保护倒换机制的设计与实现,北京邮电大学,2008
[29] Ciletti Michael D(著),张雅绮,李锵(译). Verilog HDL高级数字设计.电子工业出版社,2005
[30]虞希清(著).专用集成电路设计实用教程.浙江大学出版社,2007
[2]思科网络学院教程(第三、四学期).人民邮电出版社,2004
[3] http://www.mie168.com/other/2003-12/38513.htm“核心路由器的发展趋势分析”
[4] W.Richard Stevens. TCP/IP协议详解之卷一:协议.机械工业出版社,2000
[5]谢希仁.计算机网络教程(第二版).人民邮电出版社,2006
[6]刘维嘉. IP网络故障监测系统的研究与实现.西南交通大学,2006
[7]陈利兵. BFD技术在IP承载网中的应用.现代电信科技,2008(01):61 - 64
[8]高鑫.双向转发检测(BFD)协议研究.北京邮电大学,2007
[9] Katz, D,Ward, D. BFD for IPv4 and IPv6 (Single Hop). draft-ietf-bfd-v4v6-1hop-05, June 2006. Page(s):5 - 20
[10] Aggarwal.R, Kompella.K. BFD for MPLS LSPs. draft-ietf-bfd-mpls-03, June 2006. Page(s):13 - 14
[11] Gabor.A.F, Dobrota.V, Steenhaut.K, Blaga.T. Preliminary implementation of“Bidirectional Forwarding Detection”protocol for unicast and multicast. Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, 2008. OPTIM 2008. 11th International Conference on 22-24 May 2008 Page(s):217 - 220
[12] McFarland.M, Salam.S, Checker.R. Ethernet OAM: key enabler for carrier class metro ethernet services. Communications Magazine, IEEE Volume 43, Issue 11, Nov. 2005. Page(s):152 - 157
[13] Tsurusawa, M.; Horiuchi, Y.; Feasibility validation of management capability for an Ethernet based access network using Ethernet OAM functionality. Network Operations and Management Symposium, 2008. NOMS 2008. IEEE 7-11 April 2008 Page(s):660 - 673
[14] Jeong-Dong Ryoo; Jongtae Song; Jaewoo Park; Bheom-Soon Joo; OAM and its performance monitoring mechanisms for carrier ethernet transport networks. Communications Magazine, IEEE Volume 46, Issue 3, March 2008 Page(s):97 - 103
[15] ITU-T Rec Y.1730. Requirements for OAM functions in Ethernet based networks,2004. Page(s):7 - 21
[16] OAM functions and mechanisms for ethernet based networks .ITU-T Recommendation Y 1731, 2007. Page(s):16 - 33
[17]李昕,韩林,陈山枝.以太网的OAM机制——以太网走向电信级和更广泛应用的基石.电信科学,2005(05),43 - 47
[18]詹翊春.电信级以太网OAM的标准与发展.电信科学,2007(10),72 - 76
[19] IEEE Std 802.1ag draft8, Connectivity Fault Management in Ethernet, 2007. Page(s):3 - 17
[20] Requirement for OAM Functionlity in MPLS Networks .ITU-T Rec Y1710.2002, 11. Page(s):9 - 25
[21] IETF. Multi Protocol Label Switching Architecture. RFC3031. 2001, 01. Page(s):6 - 10
[22] IETF. MPLS Label Stack Encoding .RFC3032.2001, 01 Page(s):1 - 15
[23] Operation & Maintenance Mechanism For MPLS Networks .ITU-T Rec Y1711.2004,02 Page(s):33 - 45
[24] Ash.J, Li Chung, D'Souza.K, Wai Sum Lai, Van der Linde.H, Yung Yu. AT&T's MPLS OAM architecture, experience, and evolution. Communications Magazine, IEEE Volume 42, Issue 10, Oct. 2004 Page(s):100 - 111
[25] Aggarwal.R. OAM mechanisms in MPLS layer 2 transport networks. Communications Magazine, IEEE Volume 42, Issue 10, Oct. 2004 Page(s):124 - 130
[26]赵伟. MPLS OAM技术研究及其实现.北京邮电大学, 2008
[27] Ethernet protection switching.ITU-T Recommendation G 8031/Y.1342.2006. Page(s):32 - 39
[28]陈山枝. MPLS故障检测和保护倒换机制的设计与实现,北京邮电大学,2008
[29] Ciletti Michael D(著),张雅绮,李锵(译). Verilog HDL高级数字设计.电子工业出版社,2005
[30]虞希清(著).专用集成电路设计实用教程.浙江大学出版社,2007