基于盲反卷积算法的核能谱获取系统
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摘要
核能谱获取系统是核物理实验装置中最主要的部分之一,它的精确度影响了后续的实验进程。本文将盲目反卷积算法引入到核能谱的测量中,并设计了整套的数据获取和处理系统。系统采用基于SOPC嵌入式FPGA为主控制器,用高速ADC对核信号进行连续采样,并用USB2.0接口将数据快速传输到PC机LabVIEW程序中,进行在线的处理和显示。结果表明该算法可有效去除核脉冲信号的堆积,并且能恢复基线,从而还原真实的核脉冲信号,整个体统具有传输速度快、在线处理和显示等优点。
第一章绪论部分介绍本文选题的依据和研究意义,阐述当前的各种核能谱获取的方法及它们的优缺点。第二章系统设计原理部分,介绍基于盲反卷积算法核能谱获取系统的设计思路以及盲反卷积算法的原理。第三章硬件设计部分介绍系统各个硬件的选型,硬件的连接等。第四章软件设计部分介绍系统所需的软件编程程序,包括FGPA的代码,USB的固件和上位机LabVIEW的程序编写。第五章仿真部分验证盲目反卷积算法在核能谱获取系统中的可行性及其效果。第六章实验部分将采集信号发生器产生的信号,验证盲目反卷积算法的效果。第七章总结和展望部分论述本设计的核能谱获取系统的优缺点,从而得到下一步的改进计划。
Nuclear spectrum acquisition system is one of the most important part of the nuclear physics experimental device, its accuracy affect the subsequent progress of the experiment. In this paper, we will introduce blind deconvolution algorithm, and draw it into the measurement of nuclear energy spectrum, design a comprehensive set of data acquisition and processing systems. The system using SOPC-based embedded FPGA as the main controller, it consist of a high-speed ADC continuous sampling nuclear signal, fast data transfer to the PC with USB2.0interface, and online processing and display in LabⅥEW software. The results show that the algorithm can remove the accumulation of the nuclear pulse signal, and can remove the baseline, and thereby restore the true nuclear pulse signal. The system has advantages of high transmission speed, online processing and display.
In chapter Ⅰ, describe the basis and significance of the thesis topics, and elaborate the various nuclear power spectrum acquisition methods and their advantages and disadvantages. Chapter Ⅱ, the system design theory part, introduce blind deconvolution algorithm nuclear energy spectrum acquisition system, as well as blind deconvolution algorithm principle. Chapter Ⅲ, the hardware design section, describes the system hardware selection, hardware connections. Chapter IV software design section, describes the required software programming procedures, including the code of FGPA USB firmware and PC LabⅥEW programming. Chapter V, simulation part, validate blind Deconvolution for the feasibility and effectiveness of nuclear energy spectrum acquisition system. Chapter VI, experimental part, collect signal generated by the signal generator, and to verify the effect of the blind deconvolution algorithm. Chapter Ⅶ Summary and Outlook section, discusses the design of the nuclear spectrum to obtain the advantages and disadvantages of the system, resulting in further improvements.
第一章绪论部分介绍本文选题的依据和研究意义,阐述当前的各种核能谱获取的方法及它们的优缺点。第二章系统设计原理部分,介绍基于盲反卷积算法核能谱获取系统的设计思路以及盲反卷积算法的原理。第三章硬件设计部分介绍系统各个硬件的选型,硬件的连接等。第四章软件设计部分介绍系统所需的软件编程程序,包括FGPA的代码,USB的固件和上位机LabVIEW的程序编写。第五章仿真部分验证盲目反卷积算法在核能谱获取系统中的可行性及其效果。第六章实验部分将采集信号发生器产生的信号,验证盲目反卷积算法的效果。第七章总结和展望部分论述本设计的核能谱获取系统的优缺点,从而得到下一步的改进计划。
Nuclear spectrum acquisition system is one of the most important part of the nuclear physics experimental device, its accuracy affect the subsequent progress of the experiment. In this paper, we will introduce blind deconvolution algorithm, and draw it into the measurement of nuclear energy spectrum, design a comprehensive set of data acquisition and processing systems. The system using SOPC-based embedded FPGA as the main controller, it consist of a high-speed ADC continuous sampling nuclear signal, fast data transfer to the PC with USB2.0interface, and online processing and display in LabⅥEW software. The results show that the algorithm can remove the accumulation of the nuclear pulse signal, and can remove the baseline, and thereby restore the true nuclear pulse signal. The system has advantages of high transmission speed, online processing and display.
In chapter Ⅰ, describe the basis and significance of the thesis topics, and elaborate the various nuclear power spectrum acquisition methods and their advantages and disadvantages. Chapter Ⅱ, the system design theory part, introduce blind deconvolution algorithm nuclear energy spectrum acquisition system, as well as blind deconvolution algorithm principle. Chapter Ⅲ, the hardware design section, describes the system hardware selection, hardware connections. Chapter IV software design section, describes the required software programming procedures, including the code of FGPA USB firmware and PC LabⅥEW programming. Chapter V, simulation part, validate blind Deconvolution for the feasibility and effectiveness of nuclear energy spectrum acquisition system. Chapter VI, experimental part, collect signal generated by the signal generator, and to verify the effect of the blind deconvolution algorithm. Chapter Ⅶ Summary and Outlook section, discusses the design of the nuclear spectrum to obtain the advantages and disadvantages of the system, resulting in further improvements.
引文
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[2]张软玉,周清华,罗小兵,王鹏,许祖润。核信号数值仿真方法的研究及应用[J].核电子学与探测技术.2006,24(4)：421-424.
[3]王经瑾等.核电子学[M].北京：原子能出版社,1983
[4]王芝英.核电子学技术原理[M].北京：原子能出版社,1989,6.
[5]袁启兵.基于单片机的现场多道核能谱数据采集系统研究[D].成都理工大学,2003.
[6]文德智,李正宏,蒋世伦.时幅连续信号数值反卷积方法及其应用[J].原子能科学技术.2008,42[5]：385-389.
[7]邹谋炎.反卷积和信号复原[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2007.3.
[8]AD9248 Datasheet. Analog Device Inc.
[9]王诚,吴继华,范丽珍,薛宁,薛小刚Altera FPGA/CPLD设计(基础篇).北京：人民邮电出版社.2007.
[10]王诚,吴继华,范丽珍,薛宁,薛小刚Altera FPGA/CPLD设计(高级篇).北京：人民邮电出版社.2007.
[11]Altera DE2-70 Development and Education Board User Manual (Version 1.01),2007 Terasic Technologies.
[12]Altera Cyclone Ⅱ Device Family Data Sheet, Altera Corporation November 2004.
[13]Altera Cyclone Ⅱ FPGA Family ES-030405-1.3 Errata Sheet,2006.
[14]ISP 1362 datasheet, Philips Semiconductors.
[15]ISP 1362 Embedded Programming Guide, Philips Semiconductors.
[16]杨晶晶.嵌入式系统中USB设备驱动的研究与实现.电子科技大学.2006.
[17]余志荣,杨莉.基于NI-VISA与LabVIEW的USB接口应用设计.单片机与嵌入式系统应用.2007,1：66-69.
[18]NI-VISA Programmer Reference Manual. National Instruments.
[19]于斌,米秀杰ModelSim电子系统分析及仿真[M].北京：电子工业出版社.2011.
[20]王旭东,潘明海.数字信号处理的FPGA实现[M].北京：清华大学出版社.2011.
[21]夏宇文,黄然Verilog SOPC高级实验教程[M].北京：北京航空航天大学出版社.2009.
[22]陈欣波Altera FPGA工程师成长手册[M].北京：清华大学出版社.2012.
[23]SOPC Builder User Guide. Altera Corporation.2010.
[24]陈树学,刘萱LabVIEW宝典[M].北京：电子工业出版社.2011.
[25]张应辉.基于FPGA的仿核信号发生器研究[D].重庆大学,2010.
[26]AFG3000系列任意波形/函数发生器快速入门用户手册.Tektronix.