不沉默的少数
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摘要
独立杂志虽然是一个新的概念,但是它的出现和发展有一个比较长时间的过程。新文学时代开始出现的同人杂志是萌芽,七八十年代雨后春笋一样出现的各种诗刊文学杂志和民间小众刊物,到今天网络时代,很多年轻的大学生和艺术从业者创办的新锐杂志,包括一些知识分子和追求表达自由的私人性质小册子,在某种程度上,其实都能够算为独立杂志。从《公民》《民间》的默默无闻,到如今比较有影响力的《独唱团》,《大方》,新时期的“独立筹资、精神独立”的杂志也再发展和变化中显现出一些新时期的特点。
在这些独立杂志中,韩寒和他的《独唱团》是大众认可的,影响范围最广的一个独立杂志。选取《独唱团》为个案,对它的内容进行文本分析的同时,对它的产生发展和停刊的过程中主创人员的访谈和各方面的评价进行系统的研究。通过对这个个案的分析,来探究中国的独立杂志具有的特性。
从内容上讲,独立杂志不必顾及读者的反应,不必顾及发行量的要求,作为传播者他们持有自己的独立立场,特别注重现代人自我精神的延展和生活主张的发现,善于关注主流媒体较少关注的话题,使杂志表现出独立的思考、声音和独特的视觉风格,只管抒发个人的感受,因此在选稿标准等方面可以完全“独立”。例如独立杂志《独》的发刊词这样写道：“我们是独立的小众。我们在这里做自己喜欢做的事。我们不喜欢勉强别人。也不希望别人勉强自己。我们是自由的。我们拥有自己的梦想,动手将这些幻化在梦里的美好想法付诸行动。我们爱别人也爱自己。”
从经济方面讲,就是指杂志的制作、发行不依赖于大的金融组织,不依赖于广告创收,甚至一些独立杂志并不公开出售,也没有发行收入。只有少数的独立杂志会进行印刷发行,例如国内现在比较著名的《O2生活潮》和《RICE》,大部分的独立杂志其实都还是以电子杂志的形式出现在我们面前,他们现在都能在一些下载平台上下载。也正是这种“不依赖”的经营管理模式使得独立杂志与传统杂志风格迥异,能够完全意义的“独立”,不必听命于任何媒体组织或广告客户从而也保证了上述“内容的独立”。
在这个日新月异的时代,杂志成功的击败了其它媒体的挑战,不但没有在新时代被淘汰,并且发展出新的杂志形式,在新技术的磨砺下,将内容和设计实现了最完美的结合,它在媒体的范围内发挥出越来越大的作用。独立杂志就是杂志形态的变化的一个方面,它的出现,影响了杂志创办者和阅读者角色的转变,同样,独立杂志的这种转变又继续影响杂志形态的变化,这是一个无止境的良胜循环过程,只有在这种状态下,杂志才得以发展。
而且这些都是对于杂志创办者在观念上的培养,同时会促进那些独立杂志等向更好的方向发展,独立杂志可以尽情尝试杂志的各种可能性,为中国自己的杂志市场注入新的活力,创造更多关于中国我们自己特色的独立杂志和独立文化。我们同样可以以艺术品的形式来销售这些“独立杂志”,例如艺术书店、艺术区、艺术院校等,或许有一天,中国的独立杂志在这个百花齐放的时代也会出现令人骄傲的突破。
Although independent magazine is a new concept, but its emergence and development of a relatively lengthy process. Began to emerge in the new era of literary coterie magazine is sprouting, springing up like the rest of the seventies and eighties of the various literary magazines and folk poetry niche publications, and today the Internet age, many young college student and founder of the cutting-edge arts practitioners magazines, including Some intellectuals and the pursuit of freedom of expression pamphlet private nature, in a way, in fact, can be counted as independent magazine. From the "citizen","folk" in obscurity, to now more influential "Solo Mission","generous" new era "independent financing, spiritual independence," the magazine further development and change has brought out some of the new era features.
In these independent magazines, Han and his "Solo Mission" is the public recognition, affecting the widest range of an independent magazine. Select "Solo Mission" as a case, textual analysis of its contents at the same time, it ceased the production process of development and creative staff interviews and carry out all aspects of the evaluation system. Through an analysis of this case, to explore China's independent magazine with features.
From the content perspective, independent magazine without regard to the reader's reaction, without regard to the requirements of circulation, as communicators they hold their own independent position, with particular attention to extend the spirit of the modern self-discovery and life advocate, good attention than the mainstream media less concerned about the topic, so that magazine showed independent thinking, sound and a unique visual style, just to express personal feelings, so the draft selection criteria and other aspects can be completely "independent." Such as an independent magazine "independence" issue he wrote:"We are a small independent congregation, we are here to do the things they like to do and we do not like to force others. Do not want others to force yourself, we are free, we have their dreams, hands, turned in a dream these wonderful ideas into action and we love others love yourself."
From an economic perspective, refers to the magazine's production, distribution does not depend on large financial organizations, does not rely on advertising revenue, and even some independent magazine is not sold to the public, there is no issue of revenues. Only a few independent magazine will be printed and distributed, for example, China is now more famous "02life tide" and "RICE", in fact, most of the independent magazine or in the form of e-magazine appeared in front of us, they are now able in some Download download on the platform. It is this "does not depend" management model makes independent magazines and traditional magazine styles, can be completely meaningless "independent", do not take orders from any media organization or advertiser thus ensuring the "Content independent."
In this rapidly changing era, the magazine successfully defeated the other media challenges in the new era has not been eliminated, and the development of a new magazine format, honed under the new technology, the content and design to achieve the most perfect combination, It is within the scope of the media play an increasingly larger role. Independent magazine magazine morphological changes is an aspect of its appearance, the impact of the magazine founder and the changing role of the reader, the same, independent magazine of this transition and continue to influence the magazine morphological changes, which is an endless good Sexual cycle, only in this state, the magazine was able to develop.
And these are for the magazine was founded in the concept of culture,while facilitating those independent magazines for the better development of independent magazine magazine can try out a variety of possibilities for China's own magazine market to inject new vitality creating more about Chinese characteristics independent of our own magazines and independent culture. We can also sell works of art in the form of these "independent magazine," such as art bookstores, art district, art institutions and other, perhaps one day, China's independent magazine in this flourishing era will appear proud breakthrough.
在这些独立杂志中,韩寒和他的《独唱团》是大众认可的,影响范围最广的一个独立杂志。选取《独唱团》为个案,对它的内容进行文本分析的同时,对它的产生发展和停刊的过程中主创人员的访谈和各方面的评价进行系统的研究。通过对这个个案的分析,来探究中国的独立杂志具有的特性。
从内容上讲,独立杂志不必顾及读者的反应,不必顾及发行量的要求,作为传播者他们持有自己的独立立场,特别注重现代人自我精神的延展和生活主张的发现,善于关注主流媒体较少关注的话题,使杂志表现出独立的思考、声音和独特的视觉风格,只管抒发个人的感受,因此在选稿标准等方面可以完全“独立”。例如独立杂志《独》的发刊词这样写道：“我们是独立的小众。我们在这里做自己喜欢做的事。我们不喜欢勉强别人。也不希望别人勉强自己。我们是自由的。我们拥有自己的梦想,动手将这些幻化在梦里的美好想法付诸行动。我们爱别人也爱自己。”
从经济方面讲,就是指杂志的制作、发行不依赖于大的金融组织,不依赖于广告创收,甚至一些独立杂志并不公开出售,也没有发行收入。只有少数的独立杂志会进行印刷发行,例如国内现在比较著名的《O2生活潮》和《RICE》,大部分的独立杂志其实都还是以电子杂志的形式出现在我们面前,他们现在都能在一些下载平台上下载。也正是这种“不依赖”的经营管理模式使得独立杂志与传统杂志风格迥异,能够完全意义的“独立”,不必听命于任何媒体组织或广告客户从而也保证了上述“内容的独立”。
在这个日新月异的时代,杂志成功的击败了其它媒体的挑战,不但没有在新时代被淘汰,并且发展出新的杂志形式,在新技术的磨砺下,将内容和设计实现了最完美的结合,它在媒体的范围内发挥出越来越大的作用。独立杂志就是杂志形态的变化的一个方面,它的出现,影响了杂志创办者和阅读者角色的转变,同样,独立杂志的这种转变又继续影响杂志形态的变化,这是一个无止境的良胜循环过程,只有在这种状态下,杂志才得以发展。
而且这些都是对于杂志创办者在观念上的培养,同时会促进那些独立杂志等向更好的方向发展,独立杂志可以尽情尝试杂志的各种可能性,为中国自己的杂志市场注入新的活力,创造更多关于中国我们自己特色的独立杂志和独立文化。我们同样可以以艺术品的形式来销售这些“独立杂志”,例如艺术书店、艺术区、艺术院校等,或许有一天,中国的独立杂志在这个百花齐放的时代也会出现令人骄傲的突破。
Although independent magazine is a new concept, but its emergence and development of a relatively lengthy process. Began to emerge in the new era of literary coterie magazine is sprouting, springing up like the rest of the seventies and eighties of the various literary magazines and folk poetry niche publications, and today the Internet age, many young college student and founder of the cutting-edge arts practitioners magazines, including Some intellectuals and the pursuit of freedom of expression pamphlet private nature, in a way, in fact, can be counted as independent magazine. From the "citizen","folk" in obscurity, to now more influential "Solo Mission","generous" new era "independent financing, spiritual independence," the magazine further development and change has brought out some of the new era features.
In these independent magazines, Han and his "Solo Mission" is the public recognition, affecting the widest range of an independent magazine. Select "Solo Mission" as a case, textual analysis of its contents at the same time, it ceased the production process of development and creative staff interviews and carry out all aspects of the evaluation system. Through an analysis of this case, to explore China's independent magazine with features.
From the content perspective, independent magazine without regard to the reader's reaction, without regard to the requirements of circulation, as communicators they hold their own independent position, with particular attention to extend the spirit of the modern self-discovery and life advocate, good attention than the mainstream media less concerned about the topic, so that magazine showed independent thinking, sound and a unique visual style, just to express personal feelings, so the draft selection criteria and other aspects can be completely "independent." Such as an independent magazine "independence" issue he wrote:"We are a small independent congregation, we are here to do the things they like to do and we do not like to force others. Do not want others to force yourself, we are free, we have their dreams, hands, turned in a dream these wonderful ideas into action and we love others love yourself."
From an economic perspective, refers to the magazine's production, distribution does not depend on large financial organizations, does not rely on advertising revenue, and even some independent magazine is not sold to the public, there is no issue of revenues. Only a few independent magazine will be printed and distributed, for example, China is now more famous "02life tide" and "RICE", in fact, most of the independent magazine or in the form of e-magazine appeared in front of us, they are now able in some Download download on the platform. It is this "does not depend" management model makes independent magazines and traditional magazine styles, can be completely meaningless "independent", do not take orders from any media organization or advertiser thus ensuring the "Content independent."
In this rapidly changing era, the magazine successfully defeated the other media challenges in the new era has not been eliminated, and the development of a new magazine format, honed under the new technology, the content and design to achieve the most perfect combination, It is within the scope of the media play an increasingly larger role. Independent magazine magazine morphological changes is an aspect of its appearance, the impact of the magazine founder and the changing role of the reader, the same, independent magazine of this transition and continue to influence the magazine morphological changes, which is an endless good Sexual cycle, only in this state, the magazine was able to develop.
And these are for the magazine was founded in the concept of culture,while facilitating those independent magazines for the better development of independent magazine magazine can try out a variety of possibilities for China's own magazine market to inject new vitality creating more about Chinese characteristics independent of our own magazines and independent culture. We can also sell works of art in the form of these "independent magazine," such as art bookstores, art district, art institutions and other, perhaps one day, China's independent magazine in this flourishing era will appear proud breakthrough.
引文
① 梁燕妮：《当代中国独立杂志研究》,暨南大学新闻学硕士论文,P6
② “独立杂志”互动百科,http://www.baike.com/wiki/独立杂志
③ 苏桂艳：《青年亚文化视野下的大学生独立杂志》,新闻知2009第7期
① JeremyLeslie.Colophon:《Interviews》,2009年第二期
② “web2.0”百度百科,http://baike.baidu.com/view/733.htm
① 《发现小众》,http://luxury.qq.com/a/20070518/000033_1.htm
① 《自媒体研究院》,http://hinonmedia.blog.sohu.com/
① 谢慧铃：《自媒体时代的独立杂志》
② JeremyLeslie.Colophon:《Interviews》,2009年第二期
① 《国内独立杂志浅析》,《出版科学》2009年第二期,第17卷
② 《城市独立杂志vs.主流媒体》http://www.haibao.cn/blog/post/184858.htm
① 《独唱团》火暴上市 争议迭起《期刊在线》
① 《独立杂志的精神分析》,http://www.douban.com/note/165753672
① 封新城：《一本杂志未必能启蒙一个时代》
② 梁燕妮：《当代中国独立杂志研究》,暨南大学新闻学硕士论文,P8
① 《胡风全集(第2卷)》,湖北人民出版社,1999年版,P292
① 李欧梵：《探索“现代”一施蛰存及其<现代)杂志的文学实践》,《文艺理论研究》,1998年第三期
① 《国内独立杂志浅析》,《出版科学》2009年第二期,第17卷
① 王击凡：《杂志人·豁达叉鸡30问》,独立电子杂志TOODAY,2007年2月
① 陈悼宝：《独立杂志的去与留》,《RICE》,2008年8月,P106
① 陈笑： 《“准期刊”：偷生在爱与痛的边缘》,中华新闻报,2003年9月
① 梁燕妮：《当代中国独立杂志研究》,暨南大学新闻学硕士论文
② 郑智斌,陈彭：《国内独立杂志浅探》,《出版科学》,2009年17期,P61-65
① 徐啸：《自媒体时代的理想主义者》,都市时报,2012年2月27日
[1]谢慧铃.大学生独立杂志的非主流特征[J].科技促进发展,2010,4
[2]李娟.试论“自媒体”传播形态对大众传媒的影响[J].中国广播电视学刊,2011
[3]喜喜.独立杂志：纸上的态度[J].CREATIVE LIFE设计新生活,2008,3
[4]杨柯.为了独唱的合唱[J].广告主市场观察,2010,第四期
[5]董建伟.自媒体的文化缺失及其传播环境重构[J].中南民族大学学报,2010,03
[6]陈程.文学期刊路在何方——关于《独唱团》的几点思考[J].文学界·文艺评论,2010,8
[7]苏桂艳.青年亚文化视野下的大学生独立杂志——对《RICE》的个案分析[J].新闻知识,2009,7
[8]陈懿.国内独立杂志浅探——以《02生活潮》为个案[J].出版科学,2009,第二期17卷
[9]董丽敏.文化场域：左翼政治与自由主义——重识《现代》杂志的基本立场[J].社会科学,2007,第三期
[10]宏九来.宽容与理性：《东方杂志》的公共舆论研究(1904-1932)[M].上海：上海人民出版社,2006
[11]刘瑞生.中国新媒体发展报告[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2012
[12]白羽.新媒体：从被时代到我世代[M].北京：中国传媒大学出版社,2010
[13]马克波斯特,陈定家.公民,数字媒介和全球化[M].《媒介批评》第三辑,北京：北京师范大学出版集团,2006
[14]雷启.立传媒的幻想：当代生活与媒体文化分析[M].上海：上海书店出版社第二版,2008
[15]刘学义.话语权转移：转型时期媒体言论话语权实践的社会路径分析[M].北 京：中国传媒大学出版社,2009
[16]梁艳妮.当代中国独立杂志研究[D].暨南大学传播学系,2007
[17]王志娟.解读《城市画报》的后现代文化特征[D].暨南大学传播学系,2007
② “独立杂志”互动百科,http://www.baike.com/wiki/独立杂志
③ 苏桂艳：《青年亚文化视野下的大学生独立杂志》,新闻知2009第7期
① JeremyLeslie.Colophon:《Interviews》,2009年第二期
② “web2.0”百度百科,http://baike.baidu.com/view/733.htm
① 《发现小众》,http://luxury.qq.com/a/20070518/000033_1.htm
① 《自媒体研究院》,http://hinonmedia.blog.sohu.com/
① 谢慧铃：《自媒体时代的独立杂志》
② JeremyLeslie.Colophon:《Interviews》,2009年第二期
① 《国内独立杂志浅析》,《出版科学》2009年第二期,第17卷
② 《城市独立杂志vs.主流媒体》http://www.haibao.cn/blog/post/184858.htm
① 《独唱团》火暴上市 争议迭起《期刊在线》
① 《独立杂志的精神分析》,http://www.douban.com/note/165753672
① 封新城：《一本杂志未必能启蒙一个时代》
② 梁燕妮：《当代中国独立杂志研究》,暨南大学新闻学硕士论文,P8
① 《胡风全集(第2卷)》,湖北人民出版社,1999年版,P292
① 李欧梵：《探索“现代”一施蛰存及其<现代)杂志的文学实践》,《文艺理论研究》,1998年第三期
① 《国内独立杂志浅析》,《出版科学》2009年第二期,第17卷
① 王击凡：《杂志人·豁达叉鸡30问》,独立电子杂志TOODAY,2007年2月
① 陈悼宝：《独立杂志的去与留》,《RICE》,2008年8月,P106
① 陈笑： 《“准期刊”：偷生在爱与痛的边缘》,中华新闻报,2003年9月
① 梁燕妮：《当代中国独立杂志研究》,暨南大学新闻学硕士论文
② 郑智斌,陈彭：《国内独立杂志浅探》,《出版科学》,2009年17期,P61-65
① 徐啸：《自媒体时代的理想主义者》,都市时报,2012年2月27日
[1]谢慧铃.大学生独立杂志的非主流特征[J].科技促进发展,2010,4
[2]李娟.试论“自媒体”传播形态对大众传媒的影响[J].中国广播电视学刊,2011
[3]喜喜.独立杂志：纸上的态度[J].CREATIVE LIFE设计新生活,2008,3
[4]杨柯.为了独唱的合唱[J].广告主市场观察,2010,第四期
[5]董建伟.自媒体的文化缺失及其传播环境重构[J].中南民族大学学报,2010,03
[6]陈程.文学期刊路在何方——关于《独唱团》的几点思考[J].文学界·文艺评论,2010,8
[7]苏桂艳.青年亚文化视野下的大学生独立杂志——对《RICE》的个案分析[J].新闻知识,2009,7
[8]陈懿.国内独立杂志浅探——以《02生活潮》为个案[J].出版科学,2009,第二期17卷
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