货票信息综合应用系统实现与数据挖掘技术应用的研究
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摘要
近年来，信息产业发展迅猛，信息技术相继在各行业领域内得到广泛应用，不仅带来了生产、办公的规范化与高效率，而且导致了企业管理制度与生产方式的重大变革。我国铁路在行业管理信息化进程中，结合行业自身特点，运用先进的信息技术，开发出满足现有铁路运输需求的运输管理信息系统。其中以货运处理为中心的货票管理信息系统已在全国铁路范围内得到广泛应用，取得了良好的经济效益与社会效益。但是海量货票数据采集后并未得到充分的应用和开发，信息含量高、内容丰富的货票数据库成为无人问津的数据坟墓，造成资源的极大浪费。
数据挖掘技术与数据仓库解决方案的兴起与迅速发展，为海量数据的实际应用提供了理论依据与技术支持，为货票信息的综合应用带来了新的契机。从铁路现代化运营的角度来看，可以应用数据挖掘技术，参照数据仓库解决方案，对货票系统长期积累的海量数据用数学方法进行挖掘，将数据处理的重点从传统的业务处理扩展到对运输数据的联机分析处理，建造以数据挖掘技术为核心的决策支持系统——货票信息综合应用系统，为运输管理和决策服务。
本篇论文首先通过对当前国内外数据挖掘理论与技术的研究，讨论了数据挖掘的相关理论及其相关技术，其中包括数据挖掘的概念、数据挖掘预处理技术和数据挖掘的概念描述、联机分析处理、关联规则、分类与预测技术。然后基于对我国铁路信息化建设发展与现状，特别是TMIS工程之一——货票管理信息系统的调查与研究，描述了铁路货票信息综合应用系统的信息组成、数据关系及其扩充“U”型结构。在对现有货票信息和数据挖掘技术研究与分析的基础上，结合数据仓库解决方案，提出数据挖掘技术在货票信息综合应用系统中应用的总体结构，论述数据挖掘和数据仓库相关技术与方法的运用。论文最后论述了货票信息前台综合应用系统的设计与实现过程，该系统根据用户需求、知识库中的数据模式与专家知识，以及相关的软件工程标准进行详细设计，利用开发工具编程实现，集查询、统计、数据挖掘与分析于一体，是数据挖掘与数据仓库技术应用研究的最终成果。
Information industry has get rapid development recently, and information technology has been widely applied in various domain one after another, which not only brought standardization and high efficiency to production and business, but also resulted in important revolution of enterprise management system and work style. In the information process of industry management, our railway developed the Transportation Management Information System fitting to the demand of nowadays railway transportation by applying advanced information technology and combining its own characters. One sub-system of it is Waybill Management Information System, which deals with the railway freight task mainly. It has been widely applied allover the country railway freight stations and achieved upstanding economic and social benefit. But the magnanimity Waybill data is not full used and exploited after being colleted, and the Waybill database which is full of useful information becomes a data tomb no body to make inquire on any more, which is an enormous waste of resource.
The rise and development of data mining technology and data warehouse solution provides the practical application academic gist and technological support, and brings new turning point to the synthetic application of Waybill information at the same time. From the point of railway modernization management we can use mathematical method to mine useful information from magnanimity Waybill data and develop Waybill Information Synthetic Application System which serves for the transportation management and decision-making by applying data mining technology and consulting data warehouse solution.
First of all, the author entered into the correlativity theories and technologies of data mining, including the concept, pretreatment technology, concept description, online analysis program, association rule, assorting and forecasting technology of data mining, through the study on nowadays data mining theories and technology. And then, based on the research in the development and actuality of railway information construction in our country, especially the Waybill Management Information System, the author described the data composing, data relationship and the extended "U" type structure. The author brought up the
framework on which data mining technology is applied in the Waybill Information Synthetic Application System, and discussed the application of some data mining and data warehouse technology and method, after working over and analyzing the waybill information and data mining technology. In the last, the author discussed the design and realization process of Waybill Information Synthetic Application System in Client. This system is designed in detail according to the user demanding, the data mode and specialist knowledge in repository, and some of soft engineering standards. It becomes an application including such as inquiring, statistic, data mining and analyzing function by using developing tools to programme, and it's the final production of study on the application of data mining and data warehouse technology.
数据挖掘技术与数据仓库解决方案的兴起与迅速发展，为海量数据的实际应用提供了理论依据与技术支持，为货票信息的综合应用带来了新的契机。从铁路现代化运营的角度来看，可以应用数据挖掘技术，参照数据仓库解决方案，对货票系统长期积累的海量数据用数学方法进行挖掘，将数据处理的重点从传统的业务处理扩展到对运输数据的联机分析处理，建造以数据挖掘技术为核心的决策支持系统——货票信息综合应用系统，为运输管理和决策服务。
本篇论文首先通过对当前国内外数据挖掘理论与技术的研究，讨论了数据挖掘的相关理论及其相关技术，其中包括数据挖掘的概念、数据挖掘预处理技术和数据挖掘的概念描述、联机分析处理、关联规则、分类与预测技术。然后基于对我国铁路信息化建设发展与现状，特别是TMIS工程之一——货票管理信息系统的调查与研究，描述了铁路货票信息综合应用系统的信息组成、数据关系及其扩充“U”型结构。在对现有货票信息和数据挖掘技术研究与分析的基础上，结合数据仓库解决方案，提出数据挖掘技术在货票信息综合应用系统中应用的总体结构，论述数据挖掘和数据仓库相关技术与方法的运用。论文最后论述了货票信息前台综合应用系统的设计与实现过程，该系统根据用户需求、知识库中的数据模式与专家知识，以及相关的软件工程标准进行详细设计，利用开发工具编程实现，集查询、统计、数据挖掘与分析于一体，是数据挖掘与数据仓库技术应用研究的最终成果。
Information industry has get rapid development recently, and information technology has been widely applied in various domain one after another, which not only brought standardization and high efficiency to production and business, but also resulted in important revolution of enterprise management system and work style. In the information process of industry management, our railway developed the Transportation Management Information System fitting to the demand of nowadays railway transportation by applying advanced information technology and combining its own characters. One sub-system of it is Waybill Management Information System, which deals with the railway freight task mainly. It has been widely applied allover the country railway freight stations and achieved upstanding economic and social benefit. But the magnanimity Waybill data is not full used and exploited after being colleted, and the Waybill database which is full of useful information becomes a data tomb no body to make inquire on any more, which is an enormous waste of resource.
The rise and development of data mining technology and data warehouse solution provides the practical application academic gist and technological support, and brings new turning point to the synthetic application of Waybill information at the same time. From the point of railway modernization management we can use mathematical method to mine useful information from magnanimity Waybill data and develop Waybill Information Synthetic Application System which serves for the transportation management and decision-making by applying data mining technology and consulting data warehouse solution.
First of all, the author entered into the correlativity theories and technologies of data mining, including the concept, pretreatment technology, concept description, online analysis program, association rule, assorting and forecasting technology of data mining, through the study on nowadays data mining theories and technology. And then, based on the research in the development and actuality of railway information construction in our country, especially the Waybill Management Information System, the author described the data composing, data relationship and the extended "U" type structure. The author brought up the
framework on which data mining technology is applied in the Waybill Information Synthetic Application System, and discussed the application of some data mining and data warehouse technology and method, after working over and analyzing the waybill information and data mining technology. In the last, the author discussed the design and realization process of Waybill Information Synthetic Application System in Client. This system is designed in detail according to the user demanding, the data mode and specialist knowledge in repository, and some of soft engineering standards. It becomes an application including such as inquiring, statistic, data mining and analyzing function by using developing tools to programme, and it's the final production of study on the application of data mining and data warehouse technology.
引文
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