基于IEEE802.16e的上行测距和信道估计算法研究与实现
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摘要
随着信息产业的飞速发展,全球通信产业呈现移动化、宽带化、IP化的趋势,IEEE802.16e迎合了这样的发展趋势,是一种很有发展潜力的宽带无线接入技术。本文研究了基于IEEE802.16e标准的OFDMA系统的物理层技术,上行测距技术和信道估计技术是物理层中的关键技术,作为本文的重点研究对象。首先介绍了测距的类型及流程,研究了两种测距算法:时域检测和时频检测算法,针对802.16e上行帧结构,给出了有效的时频检测算法,通过仿真可以看出检测性能较优。考虑到实际系统中的多用户碰撞现象的存在,研究了基于干扰消除的多用户检测算法并给出了仿真结果。研究了基于导频的LS、LMMSE和基于奇异值分解的信道估计算法,为了获得整个信道的响应,对多种插值算法进行了研究,通过仿真进行了性能验证。采用Altera的FPGA芯片,完成了上行测距和信道估计的功能。
With the fast development of Information Industry, the global communication industry displays the traits of Mobility, Broadband and IP-based architecture, the appearance of IEEE802.16e meets the trend of development, and IEEE802.16e is a potential Broadband Wireless Access technology. This article researches the physical level technology of OFDMA system based on IEEE802.16e standard, the uplink ranging and channel estimation are key technologies in the physical level, focus on these two technologies. Firstly, a brief introduction of the ranging types and process, the time domain detection and the time-frequency detection algorithm are researched, in view of the uplink frame structure based on IEEE802.16e, the effective time-frequency detection algorithm is presented, and the performance of time-frequency detection algorithm is superior. Secondly, in view of multi-user collision phenomenon in the actual system, researches the multi-user detection algorithm based on interference clearance and gives simulation results. Least square, linear minimum mean-squared error and decomposition based on the singular value are researched, to obtain the entire channel's response, several interpolation algorithms are researched and simulated .Uses the Altera FPGA chip, completes the uplink ranging and channel estimation.
With the fast development of Information Industry, the global communication industry displays the traits of Mobility, Broadband and IP-based architecture, the appearance of IEEE802.16e meets the trend of development, and IEEE802.16e is a potential Broadband Wireless Access technology. This article researches the physical level technology of OFDMA system based on IEEE802.16e standard, the uplink ranging and channel estimation are key technologies in the physical level, focus on these two technologies. Firstly, a brief introduction of the ranging types and process, the time domain detection and the time-frequency detection algorithm are researched, in view of the uplink frame structure based on IEEE802.16e, the effective time-frequency detection algorithm is presented, and the performance of time-frequency detection algorithm is superior. Secondly, in view of multi-user collision phenomenon in the actual system, researches the multi-user detection algorithm based on interference clearance and gives simulation results. Least square, linear minimum mean-squared error and decomposition based on the singular value are researched, to obtain the entire channel's response, several interpolation algorithms are researched and simulated .Uses the Altera FPGA chip, completes the uplink ranging and channel estimation.
引文
[1]何泽生,刘昕,李广军.未来无线通信的一种选择-WIMAX(综述). 164-168.
[2]孔令坤.基于IEEE 802.16标准的OFDM系统信道估计性能分析.北京电子科技学院学报. 2006年6月,第14卷,第2期. 47-48.
[3]赵伟波.基于802.16E的WIMAX系统的子载波分配方式和频率规划,电子技术, 126.
[4]刘洋,王晓曼,李俊杰.浅析WIMAX无线接入技术.石家庄铁路职业技术学院学报.第7卷,第4期. 60-63.
[5]朱明英,张伟青,叶梧等.宽带无线技术的发展和关键技术探讨. 2005年无线及移动通信委员会学术年会论文集. 93-96.
[6] Y.Li., J. H .Winter and N .R .Sollenberger. MIMO-OFDM for Wireless C ommunications:Signal detection with enhanced channel estimation, IEEE Trans.C ommunications, September 2002,50(9):1471-1477.
[7]韩旭东,张春业,曹建海. WLAN中的MIMO OFDM技术,中兴通讯技术,2003年第6期.
[8] IEEE LAN/MAN Standard Committee, IEEE standard for local and metropolitan area networks part 16: Air interface for fixed and mobile broadband wireless access systems, Amendment 2 and Corrigendum 1, IEEE Std 802.16e-2005 and IEEE Std 802.16-2004/Cor1-2005, 2005.
[9] Yue Zhou, Zhaoyang Zhang, and Xiangwei Zhou,“OFDMA Initial Ranging for IEEE 802.16e Based on Time-domain and Frequency-domain Approaches”, Communication Technology, 2006. ICCT '06. International Conference on 27-30 Nov. 2006, 1 -5.
[10] Pun M., Tsai S., Kuo C., Joint maximum likelihood estimation of carrier frequency offset and channel in uplink OFDMA systems, IEEE GLOBECOM`04., vol.6, Dec.2004, 3748-3752.
[11] X. Fu and H. Minn, Initial uplink synchronization and power control (ranging process) for OFDMA systems, in Proc. IEEE Global Telecom-mun. Conf (GLOBECOM), vol. 6, Nov. 29- Dec. 3, 2004, 3999-4003.
[12] Sinem Coleri, Mustafa Ergen, Anuj Puri, Ahmad Bahai, A Study of Channel estimation in OFDM Systems, IEEE VTC, Vancouver, Canada, September 2002.
[13] M.Hsieh and C.Wei, Channel estimation for OFDM systems based on comb-type pilot arrangement infrequency selective fading channels, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, February 1998, 44(1).
[14] S.G. Kang, Y.M.Ha, E.K. Joo, A comparative investigation on channel estimation algorithms for OFDM in mobile communication [J]. IEEE Trans. on Broadcasting, 2003.
[15] O.Edfors, M.Sandell, J.J.van de Beek, S.K.Wilson and P.O.Borjesson, OFDM channel estimation by singular value decomposition, IEEE Trans. Comm. July 1998. 46(7): 931-939.
[16] J. K. Moon, S. L. Choi, Performance of channel estimation methods for OFDM systems in a multipath fading channels, IEEE Trans, Consumer electronics, Feb 2000, 46(1): 161-170.
[17] Seog Geun Kang, A comparative investigation on channel estimation algorithms for OFDM in mobile communications, IEEE Transactions on broadcasting, June 2003, 49(2): 142-148.
[18] Technical Requirements of Mobile Wiress Access System Interface: Air Interface Based on 802.16. 11-14.
[19]关艳峰,胡爱群,王兴建.基于PMP模式的IEEE 802.16系统中Ranging问题.东南大学学报(自然科学版). 2006, 1. p31.
[20] WonJ., Seo H., Ryu B., Cho C. and Lee H. Performance Analysis of Random Access Protocol in OFDMA-CDMA, Proc. KICSFall Conf, July 2003.
[21] Seo H., Ryu B., Hwang E., Jang H., Cho C.and Lee H., A Study of Code Partitioning Scheme for Efficient Random Access in OFDMA-CDMA Ranging Subsystem, JCCf 2004. p262.
[22] Doo hwan Lee and Hiroyuki Morikawa, Performance Analysis of Ranging Process in IEEE 802.16e OFDMA Systems, Third IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob 2007).
[23] Xiaoyu Fu and Hlaing Minn, Initial Upjlink Synchronization and Power Control (Ranging Process) for OFDMA Systems, IEEE Communications Society Globecom 2004.
[24] Yue Zhou, Zhaoyang Zhang and Xiangwei Zhou, OFDMA Initial Ranging for IEEE 802.16e Based on Time-domain and Frequency-domain Approaches, Communication Technology, 2006. ICCT '06. International Conference on 27-30 Nov. 2006, 1-5.
[25] H. Minn and X. Fu, A new ranging method for OFDMA systems, IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., Feb 2007, 6: 659-669.
[26] Alexandra Duel Hallen, Jack Holtzman, Zoran Zvonar, Multiuser Detection ForCDMA System, IEEE. Personal Communication. 1995. 46 - 58.
[27]马卓,袁伟.一种适用于OFDMA系统的多用户Ranging检测算法.
[28] X. Fu and H. Minn, Initial uplink synchronization and power control (ranging process) for OFDMA systems, in Proc. IEEE Global Telecom-mun. Conf (GLOBECOM), Nov. 29- Dec. 3, 2004, 6: 3999-4003.
[29] Luise M., Reggiannini R., Vitetta, GM., Blind equalization/detection for OFDM signals over frequency-selective channels, IEEE Journal On Selected Areas in Communications. Oct. 1998, 16(8): 1568-1578.
[30] Muquet B., de Courville M., Duhamel P. Subspace-based blind and semi-blind channel estimation for OFDM systems. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, July 2002. 50(7): 1699-1712.
[31] Cavers J. K., An analysis of pilot symbol assisted modulation for Rayleigh fading channels, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Nov. 1991, 40(4): 686-693.
[32] Li Y., Cimini L. J., Jr., Sollenberger N. R., Robust channel estimation for OFDM systems with rapid dispersive fading channels, IEEE Transactions on Communications. July 1998, 46(7): 902-915.
[33] Sinem Coleri, Mustafa Ergen, Anuj Puri, Ahmad Bahai, A Study of Channel estimation in OFDM Systems, IEEE VTC, Vancouver, Canada, September 2002.
[34] M.Hsieh and C.Wei, Channel estimation for OFDM systems based on comb-type pilot arrangement infrequency selective fading channels, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, February 1998, 44(1).
[35]王文博,郑侃.宽带无线通信OFDM技术.人民邮电出版, 2003年11月. 55-58.
[36] H.J.Landau and H.O.Pollak. Prolate spheriodal wave functions, Fourier analysis and uncertainty-III: The dimension of the space of essentially time-and band-limited signals, Bell system Tech. J., 1962, 41:1295.
[37] Kang S., Hua Y., Joo E., A comparative Investigation on channel Estimation Algorithms for OFDM in Mobile Communications, IEEE Trans. Broadcasting, Jun.2003, 49: 142-149.
[38] J. K. Moon, S. L. Choi, Performance of channel estimation methods for OFDM systems in a multipath fading channels, IEEE Trans, Consumer electronics, Feb 2000, 46(1): 161-170.
[2]孔令坤.基于IEEE 802.16标准的OFDM系统信道估计性能分析.北京电子科技学院学报. 2006年6月,第14卷,第2期. 47-48.
[3]赵伟波.基于802.16E的WIMAX系统的子载波分配方式和频率规划,电子技术, 126.
[4]刘洋,王晓曼,李俊杰.浅析WIMAX无线接入技术.石家庄铁路职业技术学院学报.第7卷,第4期. 60-63.
[5]朱明英,张伟青,叶梧等.宽带无线技术的发展和关键技术探讨. 2005年无线及移动通信委员会学术年会论文集. 93-96.
[6] Y.Li., J. H .Winter and N .R .Sollenberger. MIMO-OFDM for Wireless C ommunications:Signal detection with enhanced channel estimation, IEEE Trans.C ommunications, September 2002,50(9):1471-1477.
[7]韩旭东,张春业,曹建海. WLAN中的MIMO OFDM技术,中兴通讯技术,2003年第6期.
[8] IEEE LAN/MAN Standard Committee, IEEE standard for local and metropolitan area networks part 16: Air interface for fixed and mobile broadband wireless access systems, Amendment 2 and Corrigendum 1, IEEE Std 802.16e-2005 and IEEE Std 802.16-2004/Cor1-2005, 2005.
[9] Yue Zhou, Zhaoyang Zhang, and Xiangwei Zhou,“OFDMA Initial Ranging for IEEE 802.16e Based on Time-domain and Frequency-domain Approaches”, Communication Technology, 2006. ICCT '06. International Conference on 27-30 Nov. 2006, 1 -5.
[10] Pun M., Tsai S., Kuo C., Joint maximum likelihood estimation of carrier frequency offset and channel in uplink OFDMA systems, IEEE GLOBECOM`04., vol.6, Dec.2004, 3748-3752.
[11] X. Fu and H. Minn, Initial uplink synchronization and power control (ranging process) for OFDMA systems, in Proc. IEEE Global Telecom-mun. Conf (GLOBECOM), vol. 6, Nov. 29- Dec. 3, 2004, 3999-4003.
[12] Sinem Coleri, Mustafa Ergen, Anuj Puri, Ahmad Bahai, A Study of Channel estimation in OFDM Systems, IEEE VTC, Vancouver, Canada, September 2002.
[13] M.Hsieh and C.Wei, Channel estimation for OFDM systems based on comb-type pilot arrangement infrequency selective fading channels, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, February 1998, 44(1).
[14] S.G. Kang, Y.M.Ha, E.K. Joo, A comparative investigation on channel estimation algorithms for OFDM in mobile communication [J]. IEEE Trans. on Broadcasting, 2003.
[15] O.Edfors, M.Sandell, J.J.van de Beek, S.K.Wilson and P.O.Borjesson, OFDM channel estimation by singular value decomposition, IEEE Trans. Comm. July 1998. 46(7): 931-939.
[16] J. K. Moon, S. L. Choi, Performance of channel estimation methods for OFDM systems in a multipath fading channels, IEEE Trans, Consumer electronics, Feb 2000, 46(1): 161-170.
[17] Seog Geun Kang, A comparative investigation on channel estimation algorithms for OFDM in mobile communications, IEEE Transactions on broadcasting, June 2003, 49(2): 142-148.
[18] Technical Requirements of Mobile Wiress Access System Interface: Air Interface Based on 802.16. 11-14.
[19]关艳峰,胡爱群,王兴建.基于PMP模式的IEEE 802.16系统中Ranging问题.东南大学学报(自然科学版). 2006, 1. p31.
[20] WonJ., Seo H., Ryu B., Cho C. and Lee H. Performance Analysis of Random Access Protocol in OFDMA-CDMA, Proc. KICSFall Conf, July 2003.
[21] Seo H., Ryu B., Hwang E., Jang H., Cho C.and Lee H., A Study of Code Partitioning Scheme for Efficient Random Access in OFDMA-CDMA Ranging Subsystem, JCCf 2004. p262.
[22] Doo hwan Lee and Hiroyuki Morikawa, Performance Analysis of Ranging Process in IEEE 802.16e OFDMA Systems, Third IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob 2007).
[23] Xiaoyu Fu and Hlaing Minn, Initial Upjlink Synchronization and Power Control (Ranging Process) for OFDMA Systems, IEEE Communications Society Globecom 2004.
[24] Yue Zhou, Zhaoyang Zhang and Xiangwei Zhou, OFDMA Initial Ranging for IEEE 802.16e Based on Time-domain and Frequency-domain Approaches, Communication Technology, 2006. ICCT '06. International Conference on 27-30 Nov. 2006, 1-5.
[25] H. Minn and X. Fu, A new ranging method for OFDMA systems, IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., Feb 2007, 6: 659-669.
[26] Alexandra Duel Hallen, Jack Holtzman, Zoran Zvonar, Multiuser Detection ForCDMA System, IEEE. Personal Communication. 1995. 46 - 58.
[27]马卓,袁伟.一种适用于OFDMA系统的多用户Ranging检测算法.
[28] X. Fu and H. Minn, Initial uplink synchronization and power control (ranging process) for OFDMA systems, in Proc. IEEE Global Telecom-mun. Conf (GLOBECOM), Nov. 29- Dec. 3, 2004, 6: 3999-4003.
[29] Luise M., Reggiannini R., Vitetta, GM., Blind equalization/detection for OFDM signals over frequency-selective channels, IEEE Journal On Selected Areas in Communications. Oct. 1998, 16(8): 1568-1578.
[30] Muquet B., de Courville M., Duhamel P. Subspace-based blind and semi-blind channel estimation for OFDM systems. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, July 2002. 50(7): 1699-1712.
[31] Cavers J. K., An analysis of pilot symbol assisted modulation for Rayleigh fading channels, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Nov. 1991, 40(4): 686-693.
[32] Li Y., Cimini L. J., Jr., Sollenberger N. R., Robust channel estimation for OFDM systems with rapid dispersive fading channels, IEEE Transactions on Communications. July 1998, 46(7): 902-915.
[33] Sinem Coleri, Mustafa Ergen, Anuj Puri, Ahmad Bahai, A Study of Channel estimation in OFDM Systems, IEEE VTC, Vancouver, Canada, September 2002.
[34] M.Hsieh and C.Wei, Channel estimation for OFDM systems based on comb-type pilot arrangement infrequency selective fading channels, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, February 1998, 44(1).
[35]王文博,郑侃.宽带无线通信OFDM技术.人民邮电出版, 2003年11月. 55-58.
[36] H.J.Landau and H.O.Pollak. Prolate spheriodal wave functions, Fourier analysis and uncertainty-III: The dimension of the space of essentially time-and band-limited signals, Bell system Tech. J., 1962, 41:1295.
[37] Kang S., Hua Y., Joo E., A comparative Investigation on channel Estimation Algorithms for OFDM in Mobile Communications, IEEE Trans. Broadcasting, Jun.2003, 49: 142-149.
[38] J. K. Moon, S. L. Choi, Performance of channel estimation methods for OFDM systems in a multipath fading channels, IEEE Trans, Consumer electronics, Feb 2000, 46(1): 161-170.