基于CAD/CAE集成的面天线参数化有限元建模
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摘要
本课题来源于国防基金科研项目“面向雷达天线结构的三维数字化设计分析系统”。天线结构不同于一般工程结构，对其有某些特殊的要求。因此，如何科学而合理地设计天线结构，是工程界十分关心的问题。面天线结构的有限元分析目前应用已较普及，但是如何正确地在结构设计后建立有限元模型，则是一个较为困难而又十分重要的问题，成为制约面天线行业工程分析技术推广应用的瓶颈，亟待解决。
面天线结构形状基本相同，在结构形状上可形成一个系列。对于系列化产品，可借助参数化设计的思路实现结构建模分析。将参数化设计与有限元结构分析相结合，实现结构参数调整，自动生成分析模型并完成有限元结构分析。针对面天线结构特点，本文提出基于CAD／CAE集成的面天线参数化动态有限元建模方案。使用面向对象语言的编程工具开发的面天线虚拟制造系统和面天线CAE仿真系统都分别与关系型数据库相连。通过这个中央数据库接口，使CAD／CAE集成到一起。面天线虚拟制造系统把设计的面天线结构分解成许多规则的结构，并获取它们特征属性参数存入中央数据库中。面天线CAE仿真系统提取特征参数进行综合分析，简化结构模型，并对结构进行组合，用面向对象语言去编译面天线有限元模型的APDL参数化描述语言。系统运行这些有限元参数化语言，从而动态快速生成面天线有限元模型。
该方案系统为面天线结构设计人员在有限元分析方面提供了专用工具和手段。通过7.3米的面天线结构模型测试，建立了正确合理的面天线有限元模型，分析数据和实际结果吻合。该系统所需处理时间少，性能稳定，用户不必再去建立有限元模型，而且方便用户使用。
This paper is financed by the National Defense Science foundation project" three-D Digital Design and Analysis System of Catered to Antenna". The antenna has something requisition with special characteristics. Therefore it is much concerned by the project workers on how to design the structure of antenna accurately. Presently the finite element analysis has been widely used in antenna, but it is a difficult and importance matter to build up correct finite element model (FEA) after structure designed. That has become a choke point in spreading application of antenna structure analysis. Consequently it needs to be solved urgently.The face-reflector antenna may produce a series that has similar structure. For the series of products, it is easy to build up the model and analyze the structure by using parameterized design project. Based on the idea of the structure parameterized design method in FEA, the FEA model can be easily created through adjusting several geometric parameters and the process of FEA is automatically executed. Considering the special characteristics of face-reflector antenna, this paper presents a parameterized design project for its FEA model based on synthesis of CAD/CAE. Virtual antenna-manufacturing system and antenna-CAE-simulation system that are both developed by utilizing programming tool of object-oriented language, connect with relational database. CAD and CAE are synthesized through the interface of the center database. The virtual antenna-manufacturing system reduces it to much regular object and obtains their characteristic parameter to keep it in the center database. The antenna-CAE-simulation system extracts these data from the database to analyze, simplifies the model and combines the structure. Then it compiles APDL parameterized language of its FEA model in the object-oriented language. Finally the system executes the APDL parameterized language, and the FEA model of antenna is built up spontaneously in the APDL parameterized language.The system will supply reserved for the use of instrument of FEA for designers. Pass through test of 7.3-meter antenna, the system built up a correct FEA. These data coincide with real result. It alleviates designers' work and could been manipulated conveniently with much less time and stable performance.
面天线结构形状基本相同，在结构形状上可形成一个系列。对于系列化产品，可借助参数化设计的思路实现结构建模分析。将参数化设计与有限元结构分析相结合，实现结构参数调整，自动生成分析模型并完成有限元结构分析。针对面天线结构特点，本文提出基于CAD／CAE集成的面天线参数化动态有限元建模方案。使用面向对象语言的编程工具开发的面天线虚拟制造系统和面天线CAE仿真系统都分别与关系型数据库相连。通过这个中央数据库接口，使CAD／CAE集成到一起。面天线虚拟制造系统把设计的面天线结构分解成许多规则的结构，并获取它们特征属性参数存入中央数据库中。面天线CAE仿真系统提取特征参数进行综合分析，简化结构模型，并对结构进行组合，用面向对象语言去编译面天线有限元模型的APDL参数化描述语言。系统运行这些有限元参数化语言，从而动态快速生成面天线有限元模型。
该方案系统为面天线结构设计人员在有限元分析方面提供了专用工具和手段。通过7.3米的面天线结构模型测试，建立了正确合理的面天线有限元模型，分析数据和实际结果吻合。该系统所需处理时间少，性能稳定，用户不必再去建立有限元模型，而且方便用户使用。
This paper is financed by the National Defense Science foundation project" three-D Digital Design and Analysis System of Catered to Antenna". The antenna has something requisition with special characteristics. Therefore it is much concerned by the project workers on how to design the structure of antenna accurately. Presently the finite element analysis has been widely used in antenna, but it is a difficult and importance matter to build up correct finite element model (FEA) after structure designed. That has become a choke point in spreading application of antenna structure analysis. Consequently it needs to be solved urgently.The face-reflector antenna may produce a series that has similar structure. For the series of products, it is easy to build up the model and analyze the structure by using parameterized design project. Based on the idea of the structure parameterized design method in FEA, the FEA model can be easily created through adjusting several geometric parameters and the process of FEA is automatically executed. Considering the special characteristics of face-reflector antenna, this paper presents a parameterized design project for its FEA model based on synthesis of CAD/CAE. Virtual antenna-manufacturing system and antenna-CAE-simulation system that are both developed by utilizing programming tool of object-oriented language, connect with relational database. CAD and CAE are synthesized through the interface of the center database. The virtual antenna-manufacturing system reduces it to much regular object and obtains their characteristic parameter to keep it in the center database. The antenna-CAE-simulation system extracts these data from the database to analyze, simplifies the model and combines the structure. Then it compiles APDL parameterized language of its FEA model in the object-oriented language. Finally the system executes the APDL parameterized language, and the FEA model of antenna is built up spontaneously in the APDL parameterized language.The system will supply reserved for the use of instrument of FEA for designers. Pass through test of 7.3-meter antenna, the system built up a correct FEA. These data coincide with real result. It alleviates designers' work and could been manipulated conveniently with much less time and stable performance.
引文
【1】 段宝岩．天线结构分析、优化与测量．西安电子科技大学出版社，1998．10
【2】 叶尚辉，李再贵．天线结构设计．西北电讯工程学院出版社，1986
【3】 王勖成．有限单元法．清华大学出版社，2003．7
【4】 Augusti C, Baratta A and Casciati F. Probabilistic method in structural engineering. Chapman and Hali, 1984
【5】 Palle Thoft-Charistensen and Yoshisada Murotsu. Application of structural systems reliability theory. Springer-Verlag, 1984
【6】 冯道雨，陈尚法，陈胜宏．复杂区域四边形网格生成的一种改进方法．岩土力学，Vol．25 No6 2004
【7】 宋玉银，蔡复之，张泊鹏，许隆文，梁木养，魏而巍，扬平．基于特征设计的CAD系统．计算机辅助设计与图形学学报，Vol．10，No．2，1998，3，P145—151
【8】 戴左，查建中，石继昌．集成化智能化优化支撑环境的研究．机械设计增用，Vol．13 No3 1996．8
【10】 郑飞．面向科学可视化的复杂对象造型，博士学位论文，西安电子科技大学，1995，3
【11】 谭林森，张师普．有限元后处理可视化系统的设计．华中理工大学学报．Vol．25 No7 1997
【12】 江见鲸，贺小岗．工程结构计算机仿真分析．清华大学出版社．1995
【13】 Murotsu Y, Kishi M, Yonezawa M and Taguchi K. Probabilistically optimum design of frame structure, in: P. Thoft-Christensen(ed): System Modelling and optimization, Springe-Verlag, 1984, 545-554.
【14】 关振群，顾元宪，张洪武，李云鹏，赵国忠，亢战，邢伯晨．三维CAD／CAE一体化的参数化动态有限元建模．计算机集成制造系统-CIMS．Vol．9 No12 2003
【15】 李景涌．有限元法．北京邮电大学出版社．1999
【16】 虞春，周雄辉，张永清．特征造型与有限元分析的集成化研究．计算机辅助设计与图形学学报．Vol．11 No1 1999
【17】 Chen J J and Dai B H. Optimum design of antenna structure based on reliability. Acta Electronic Sinica, Supplement. P44-54, 1989 (in Chinese)
【18】 Ruze J. The effect of aperture errors on the antenna radiation pattern. Supplual Nuovo Cimento, 1952, (9): 364-380
【19】 朱伯芳．有限单元法原理和应用．水利电力出版社，1979
【20】 邹定国，朱心雄．参数化设计．中国水利水电出版社，2002．11
【21】 宋勇，艾宴清，梁波．精通ANSYS 7.0有限元分析．清华大学出版社，2003．3
【22】 Bathe K J and WiLson E.L. Numerical Methods in Finite Element Analysis. Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1986
【23】 Huebuner K H and Thornton E A. Finite Element Method for Engineers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1982
【24】 杨子江，李善平．两种Express数据模型的转换方法．计算机工程，2000．1
【25】 吴嘉蒙，刘见华，金成定．非标准交接板梁组合结构的有限元建模新方法．上海交通大学学报，2002．11
【26】 黄鲜萍，卢炎麟，黄旭松．基于STEP中性文件的有限元自动建模．机械设计与研究，Vol．18 No2 2002
【27】 陈伟，何飞，温卫东．基于结构参数化的有限元分析方法．机械科学与技术，Vol．22 No6 2003
【28】 邹定国，朱心雄．参数化设计．航空制造工程，1994．1
【29】 [苏]波利亚科夫著，张伦译．科学出版社，1986
【30】 赵经文，王宏钰．结构有限元分析．哈尔滨工业大学出版社，1988
【31】 Ditlevsen O. Narrow reliability bounds for structural system. J. Struct. 1979, (7): 453-472
【32】 Zienkiewicz P C. The finite element method [M]. 3rd editon. U K: MeGraw-Hill, Maidenhead, 1979.
【33】 Hughes T J R. On drilling degrees of freedom [J]. Compute Methods ApplMech Engrg, 1989, 72: 105-121
【34】 王勖成．有限元法基本原理及数值方法[M]．清华大学出版社，2001．4
【2】 叶尚辉，李再贵．天线结构设计．西北电讯工程学院出版社，1986
【3】 王勖成．有限单元法．清华大学出版社，2003．7
【4】 Augusti C, Baratta A and Casciati F. Probabilistic method in structural engineering. Chapman and Hali, 1984
【5】 Palle Thoft-Charistensen and Yoshisada Murotsu. Application of structural systems reliability theory. Springer-Verlag, 1984
【6】 冯道雨，陈尚法，陈胜宏．复杂区域四边形网格生成的一种改进方法．岩土力学，Vol．25 No6 2004
【7】 宋玉银，蔡复之，张泊鹏，许隆文，梁木养，魏而巍，扬平．基于特征设计的CAD系统．计算机辅助设计与图形学学报，Vol．10，No．2，1998，3，P145—151
【8】 戴左，查建中，石继昌．集成化智能化优化支撑环境的研究．机械设计增用，Vol．13 No3 1996．8
【10】 郑飞．面向科学可视化的复杂对象造型，博士学位论文，西安电子科技大学，1995，3
【11】 谭林森，张师普．有限元后处理可视化系统的设计．华中理工大学学报．Vol．25 No7 1997
【12】 江见鲸，贺小岗．工程结构计算机仿真分析．清华大学出版社．1995
【13】 Murotsu Y, Kishi M, Yonezawa M and Taguchi K. Probabilistically optimum design of frame structure, in: P. Thoft-Christensen(ed): System Modelling and optimization, Springe-Verlag, 1984, 545-554.
【14】 关振群，顾元宪，张洪武，李云鹏，赵国忠，亢战，邢伯晨．三维CAD／CAE一体化的参数化动态有限元建模．计算机集成制造系统-CIMS．Vol．9 No12 2003
【15】 李景涌．有限元法．北京邮电大学出版社．1999
【16】 虞春，周雄辉，张永清．特征造型与有限元分析的集成化研究．计算机辅助设计与图形学学报．Vol．11 No1 1999
【17】 Chen J J and Dai B H. Optimum design of antenna structure based on reliability. Acta Electronic Sinica, Supplement. P44-54, 1989 (in Chinese)
【18】 Ruze J. The effect of aperture errors on the antenna radiation pattern. Supplual Nuovo Cimento, 1952, (9): 364-380
【19】 朱伯芳．有限单元法原理和应用．水利电力出版社，1979
【20】 邹定国，朱心雄．参数化设计．中国水利水电出版社，2002．11
【21】 宋勇，艾宴清，梁波．精通ANSYS 7.0有限元分析．清华大学出版社，2003．3
【22】 Bathe K J and WiLson E.L. Numerical Methods in Finite Element Analysis. Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1986
【23】 Huebuner K H and Thornton E A. Finite Element Method for Engineers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1982
【24】 杨子江，李善平．两种Express数据模型的转换方法．计算机工程，2000．1
【25】 吴嘉蒙，刘见华，金成定．非标准交接板梁组合结构的有限元建模新方法．上海交通大学学报，2002．11
【26】 黄鲜萍，卢炎麟，黄旭松．基于STEP中性文件的有限元自动建模．机械设计与研究，Vol．18 No2 2002
【27】 陈伟，何飞，温卫东．基于结构参数化的有限元分析方法．机械科学与技术，Vol．22 No6 2003
【28】 邹定国，朱心雄．参数化设计．航空制造工程，1994．1
【29】 [苏]波利亚科夫著，张伦译．科学出版社，1986
【30】 赵经文，王宏钰．结构有限元分析．哈尔滨工业大学出版社，1988
【31】 Ditlevsen O. Narrow reliability bounds for structural system. J. Struct. 1979, (7): 453-472
【32】 Zienkiewicz P C. The finite element method [M]. 3rd editon. U K: MeGraw-Hill, Maidenhead, 1979.
【33】 Hughes T J R. On drilling degrees of freedom [J]. Compute Methods ApplMech Engrg, 1989, 72: 105-121
【34】 王勖成．有限元法基本原理及数值方法[M]．清华大学出版社，2001．4