多齿轮泵的基础理论与有限元分析
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摘要
多齿轮泵是在普通外啮合齿轮泵理论基础上发展起来的新型液压动力元件。它具有中心轮径向液压力平衡、流量均匀性好、排量大、噪声低、体积小等优点。
普通齿轮泵具有结构简单、成本低、对油液污染不敏感等特点,但具有流量脉动大、径向液压力不平衡、噪声高等缺点。多齿轮泵部分地解决了普通齿轮泵径向力不平衡及流量脉动大等问题。
在综合分析普通外啮合齿轮泵的工作特性之后,对多齿轮泵的结构原理、啮合点位移及其交变规律、流量特性等作了较为深入的理论研究;对多齿轮泵的流量特性进行了仿真分析,仿真结果与理论分析相一致,结果显示多齿轮泵的流量特性明显优于普通齿轮泵;对多齿轮泵的静力学特性作了分析,证明了中心轮径向液压力、啮合力及总作用力平衡。
为了实现多齿轮泵齿轮副模拟装配和运动仿真及动态特性分析,利用三维实体软件Solidworks建立了多齿轮泵的实体模型,并且利用Solidworks插件Cosmosmotion进行了多齿轮泵的啮合仿真及运动分析。
在多齿轮泵实体模型的基础上,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS和ANSYSWorkbench对多齿轮泵的主体部分——壳体、齿轮在静态、动态特性等方面作了详细深入的计算分析,一方面验证了理论分析,另一方面为优化多齿轮泵的主体结构、流场分析及样机设计等奠定了基础。
The multi-gear pump is a new type hydraulic power component based on the theory of the common external gear rotary pump.The strong points of the multi-gear pump are balanced radial hydraulic pressure on the center wheel, uniformity of flow rate, large displacement, low noise and small volume and so on.
The common gear pump has such merits as simple structure, low cost, insensitive oil pollution etc., but it has such demerits as high flow pulsation, unbalanced radial hydraulic pressure, strong noise and so on.The multi-gear pump ultimately solves some important problems such as unbalanced radial force and high flow pulsation of the common gear pump.
After synthetically analyzing performance characteristic of the common external gear rotary pump, this dissertation profoundly researches into the basic structure principle of the multi-gear pump, meshing point displacement, alternating rule and flow characteristic of two conditions multi-gear pump.Moreover, flow characteristic has been smulation analysed, smulation result conforms to the theory analysis.All demonstrates that flow characteristic of the multi-gear pump is better than common gear pump.And analyzing statics characteristic of the multi-gear pump demonstrates that radial hydraulic pressure, meshing force and resultant force are balanced on the center wheel.
The solid prototype of the multi-gear pump which is established by tridimensional software Solidworks designs to realize the gear pairs simulating assemble, motion simulation and dynamic characteristic analysis. Cosmosmotion has been used to simulate meshing and analyse motion of the multi-gear pump.
It proves theory analysis and lays the foundation for optimization of the main body construction, analyzing flow field and desiging prototype of the multi-gear pump to use finite element analysis software ANSYS and ANSYS Workbench to calculate andanalyse the statics and dynamic characteristic of the multi-gear pump's main body--shell and gears,based on the solid prototype of the multi-gear pump .
普通齿轮泵具有结构简单、成本低、对油液污染不敏感等特点,但具有流量脉动大、径向液压力不平衡、噪声高等缺点。多齿轮泵部分地解决了普通齿轮泵径向力不平衡及流量脉动大等问题。
在综合分析普通外啮合齿轮泵的工作特性之后,对多齿轮泵的结构原理、啮合点位移及其交变规律、流量特性等作了较为深入的理论研究;对多齿轮泵的流量特性进行了仿真分析,仿真结果与理论分析相一致,结果显示多齿轮泵的流量特性明显优于普通齿轮泵;对多齿轮泵的静力学特性作了分析,证明了中心轮径向液压力、啮合力及总作用力平衡。
为了实现多齿轮泵齿轮副模拟装配和运动仿真及动态特性分析,利用三维实体软件Solidworks建立了多齿轮泵的实体模型,并且利用Solidworks插件Cosmosmotion进行了多齿轮泵的啮合仿真及运动分析。
在多齿轮泵实体模型的基础上,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS和ANSYSWorkbench对多齿轮泵的主体部分——壳体、齿轮在静态、动态特性等方面作了详细深入的计算分析,一方面验证了理论分析,另一方面为优化多齿轮泵的主体结构、流场分析及样机设计等奠定了基础。
The multi-gear pump is a new type hydraulic power component based on the theory of the common external gear rotary pump.The strong points of the multi-gear pump are balanced radial hydraulic pressure on the center wheel, uniformity of flow rate, large displacement, low noise and small volume and so on.
The common gear pump has such merits as simple structure, low cost, insensitive oil pollution etc., but it has such demerits as high flow pulsation, unbalanced radial hydraulic pressure, strong noise and so on.The multi-gear pump ultimately solves some important problems such as unbalanced radial force and high flow pulsation of the common gear pump.
After synthetically analyzing performance characteristic of the common external gear rotary pump, this dissertation profoundly researches into the basic structure principle of the multi-gear pump, meshing point displacement, alternating rule and flow characteristic of two conditions multi-gear pump.Moreover, flow characteristic has been smulation analysed, smulation result conforms to the theory analysis.All demonstrates that flow characteristic of the multi-gear pump is better than common gear pump.And analyzing statics characteristic of the multi-gear pump demonstrates that radial hydraulic pressure, meshing force and resultant force are balanced on the center wheel.
The solid prototype of the multi-gear pump which is established by tridimensional software Solidworks designs to realize the gear pairs simulating assemble, motion simulation and dynamic characteristic analysis. Cosmosmotion has been used to simulate meshing and analyse motion of the multi-gear pump.
It proves theory analysis and lays the foundation for optimization of the main body construction, analyzing flow field and desiging prototype of the multi-gear pump to use finite element analysis software ANSYS and ANSYS Workbench to calculate andanalyse the statics and dynamic characteristic of the multi-gear pump's main body--shell and gears,based on the solid prototype of the multi-gear pump .
引文
[1]祝海林.力封闭式齿轮泵基本参数的优化方法[J].液压与气动,2003(3):17-20
[2]祝海林等.变位齿轮泵基本参数的可视化计算[J].机床与液压,2003(5):65-67
[3]李志华,顾广华.齿轮泵齿轮基本参数的优化设计[J].江西农业大学学报,1997,19(3):132-136
[4]张剑慈.液压齿轮泵轴向间隙的密封[J].润滑与密封,2002(6):99
[5]侯东海,吴晓铃.外啮合斜齿轮泵间隙优化设计[J].机械设计,2002(4):30-37
[6]张平格,刘洵.齿轮泵轴向间隙最优化设计[J].煤矿机械,2002(10):16-17
[7]邱新桥,陈建国.圆柱齿轮齿侧间隙自动补偿新方法的研究[J].机械传动,2003,27(4):49-51
[8]杜吕义.齿轮泵困油现象及卸荷措施分析[J].四川农机,2002(6):24
[9]甘学辉,吴晓铃.外啮合斜齿齿轮泵困油特性分析[J].机械传动,2001(4):8-10
[10]侯东海,吴晓铃.全齿廓啮合斜齿齿轮泵流量脉动特性[J].石油化工设备,2002,31(5):8-10
[11]刘金福,于达仁.基于神经网络的外啮合齿轮泵流量特性研究[J].机床与液压,2002(5):114-116
[12]张怀洲.外啮合齿轮泵流量品质分析[J].重庆工业高等专科学校学报,2002,17(1):19-22
[13]马云,李岚.齿轮泵噪声的机理分析与控制[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2002(11):65-66
[14]秦山.齿轮泵快速修复方法的研究[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2002,19(96):32-34
[15]丁万朵,张世忠.BCB-B型变量齿轮泵研制[J].机床与液压,1998(1):43
[16]郑齐辉.浅谈影响齿轮泵寿命的因素[J].中州煤炭,2002(3):14-16
[17]蔡立新.影响齿轮泵寿命的因素分析[J].新疆农机化,2002(2):25
[]8]祝海林.行星机构式齿轮泵的性能分析[J].轻工机械,2003(2):35-38
[19]许同乐,刘清良.齿轮泵径向不平衡力的分析及正确使用[J].建材新科技,1997(2)
[20]罗驥等.内啮合齿轮泵油/水介质对比试验与研究[J].机床与液压,2003(2):57-58
[21]罗驥等.水液压内啮合齿轮泵的制造技术分析[J].机床与液压,2003(6):43-44
[22]何存兴.液压元件[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1982:23
[23]栾振辉.复合齿轮泵基本理论[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2001
[24]侯波,栾振辉.复合式外齿轮泵流量特性的理论分析[J].华中科技大学学报,2001,29 (12):18-20
[25]Noah D.Manring,Suresh B.Kassaragadda.The theoretical flow ripple of an external gear pump[J].Journal of Dynamic Systems,Measurement and Control.2003,125(9):396-404
[26]Rekrut M I.Approximate calculation of the dimensions of the compensation clamping chamber of a hydraulic gear pump/motor[J].Soviet Engineering Research.1989,9(7):40-44
[27]Ishibashi Akira.et al.New release ports applicable to high pressure gear pumps and their effectiveness.JSME International,Series 3:Vibration,Control Engineering,Engineering for Industry.1991,34(4):512-517
[28]郑阿奇等.MATLAB实用教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[29]范明豪等.复合齿轮泵流量特性及计算机仿真[J].机床与液压,2000(6):10-11
[30]李兴坛.基于CAD/CAE的高压齿轮泵设计[D].天津:天津大学机械工程学院,2005
[31]张刚,李宪华等.基于SolidWorks直齿圆柱齿轮的实体设计[J].煤矿机械,2005(8):54-56
[32]赵经文,王宏钰.结构有限元分析[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1988
[33]梁清香,张根全.有限元与MARC实现[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[34]刘坤.ANSYS有限元方法精解[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2004
[35]李皓月等.ANSYS工程计算应用教程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2003
[36]姜勇,张波.ANSYS7.0实例精解[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[37]成大先等.机械设计手册(第2卷)[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002
[38]任中全等.现代机械设计理论与方法[D].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2002
[39]王华侨,赵华萍.基于AWE协同环境下的环形气瓶结构有限元优化分析[J].航天制造技术,2005(2):10-15
[40]叶友东.基于ANSYS的渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮有限元分析[J].煤矿机械,2004(6):43-45
[41]李景湧.有限元方法[M],北京邮电大学出版社,1999
[42]小飒工作室.最新经典ANSYS及Workbench教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[43]谢海东等.斜齿轮精确建模及有限元模态分析[J].现代制作工程,2004(11):55-56
[44]唐勇等.渐开线齿轮模态分析[J].机械与电子,2006(8):9-11
[45]吕振华.结构振动分析的板壳单元有限元模型修正[J].中国机械工程,1996(2):70-72
[46]叶友东,周哲波.基于ANSYS直齿圆柱齿轮有限元模态分析[J].机械传动,2006,30(5):63-65
[2]祝海林等.变位齿轮泵基本参数的可视化计算[J].机床与液压,2003(5):65-67
[3]李志华,顾广华.齿轮泵齿轮基本参数的优化设计[J].江西农业大学学报,1997,19(3):132-136
[4]张剑慈.液压齿轮泵轴向间隙的密封[J].润滑与密封,2002(6):99
[5]侯东海,吴晓铃.外啮合斜齿轮泵间隙优化设计[J].机械设计,2002(4):30-37
[6]张平格,刘洵.齿轮泵轴向间隙最优化设计[J].煤矿机械,2002(10):16-17
[7]邱新桥,陈建国.圆柱齿轮齿侧间隙自动补偿新方法的研究[J].机械传动,2003,27(4):49-51
[8]杜吕义.齿轮泵困油现象及卸荷措施分析[J].四川农机,2002(6):24
[9]甘学辉,吴晓铃.外啮合斜齿齿轮泵困油特性分析[J].机械传动,2001(4):8-10
[10]侯东海,吴晓铃.全齿廓啮合斜齿齿轮泵流量脉动特性[J].石油化工设备,2002,31(5):8-10
[11]刘金福,于达仁.基于神经网络的外啮合齿轮泵流量特性研究[J].机床与液压,2002(5):114-116
[12]张怀洲.外啮合齿轮泵流量品质分析[J].重庆工业高等专科学校学报,2002,17(1):19-22
[13]马云,李岚.齿轮泵噪声的机理分析与控制[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2002(11):65-66
[14]秦山.齿轮泵快速修复方法的研究[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2002,19(96):32-34
[15]丁万朵,张世忠.BCB-B型变量齿轮泵研制[J].机床与液压,1998(1):43
[16]郑齐辉.浅谈影响齿轮泵寿命的因素[J].中州煤炭,2002(3):14-16
[17]蔡立新.影响齿轮泵寿命的因素分析[J].新疆农机化,2002(2):25
[]8]祝海林.行星机构式齿轮泵的性能分析[J].轻工机械,2003(2):35-38
[19]许同乐,刘清良.齿轮泵径向不平衡力的分析及正确使用[J].建材新科技,1997(2)
[20]罗驥等.内啮合齿轮泵油/水介质对比试验与研究[J].机床与液压,2003(2):57-58
[21]罗驥等.水液压内啮合齿轮泵的制造技术分析[J].机床与液压,2003(6):43-44
[22]何存兴.液压元件[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1982:23
[23]栾振辉.复合齿轮泵基本理论[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2001
[24]侯波,栾振辉.复合式外齿轮泵流量特性的理论分析[J].华中科技大学学报,2001,29 (12):18-20
[25]Noah D.Manring,Suresh B.Kassaragadda.The theoretical flow ripple of an external gear pump[J].Journal of Dynamic Systems,Measurement and Control.2003,125(9):396-404
[26]Rekrut M I.Approximate calculation of the dimensions of the compensation clamping chamber of a hydraulic gear pump/motor[J].Soviet Engineering Research.1989,9(7):40-44
[27]Ishibashi Akira.et al.New release ports applicable to high pressure gear pumps and their effectiveness.JSME International,Series 3:Vibration,Control Engineering,Engineering for Industry.1991,34(4):512-517
[28]郑阿奇等.MATLAB实用教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[29]范明豪等.复合齿轮泵流量特性及计算机仿真[J].机床与液压,2000(6):10-11
[30]李兴坛.基于CAD/CAE的高压齿轮泵设计[D].天津:天津大学机械工程学院,2005
[31]张刚,李宪华等.基于SolidWorks直齿圆柱齿轮的实体设计[J].煤矿机械,2005(8):54-56
[32]赵经文,王宏钰.结构有限元分析[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1988
[33]梁清香,张根全.有限元与MARC实现[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[34]刘坤.ANSYS有限元方法精解[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2004
[35]李皓月等.ANSYS工程计算应用教程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2003
[36]姜勇,张波.ANSYS7.0实例精解[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[37]成大先等.机械设计手册(第2卷)[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002
[38]任中全等.现代机械设计理论与方法[D].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2002
[39]王华侨,赵华萍.基于AWE协同环境下的环形气瓶结构有限元优化分析[J].航天制造技术,2005(2):10-15
[40]叶友东.基于ANSYS的渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮有限元分析[J].煤矿机械,2004(6):43-45
[41]李景湧.有限元方法[M],北京邮电大学出版社,1999
[42]小飒工作室.最新经典ANSYS及Workbench教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[43]谢海东等.斜齿轮精确建模及有限元模态分析[J].现代制作工程,2004(11):55-56
[44]唐勇等.渐开线齿轮模态分析[J].机械与电子,2006(8):9-11
[45]吕振华.结构振动分析的板壳单元有限元模型修正[J].中国机械工程,1996(2):70-72
[46]叶友东,周哲波.基于ANSYS直齿圆柱齿轮有限元模态分析[J].机械传动,2006,30(5):63-65