惠民凹陷夏口断裂带及附近断块断层封堵机理研究
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摘要
通过地质、测井、岩心化验分析等手段,开展对夏口断裂带及附近断块断层封堵机理的系统研究,剖析断层封堵性的内在原因,解决断块油气成藏的关键问题,从而能够开拓找油思路,指导今后的勘探评价部署工作,对于油气勘探开发具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。
在利用断层两盘岩性配置关系对断层封堵性进行定性评价时,如果目的层与泥岩对接时,断层封闭性好；当砂岩与砂岩对接,且有相同或相近的排驱压力时,断层封闭性差；当断层两侧接触的砂岩具有不同排驱压力时,断层的封闭程度取决于两盘排驱压力差。断层封闭性受断层两盘地层的泥质含量和断面正压力等因素的影响,断面正压力的大小与断层倾角和断块埋深有关。因此,可根据断层两盘的泥质含量及埋深,评价断层的封闭能力。
夏口断裂带及附近断层主要存在三种封堵模式,即砂泥并置封堵、泥岩涂抹封堵和碳酸盐胶结充填封堵。根据岩石的排替压力封闭原理,提出了砂泥岩薄互层段中断层封闭性的定量评价方法。在油源条件充足的情况下,断层的封堵能力体现在油藏高度上,油藏高度越大,断层封堵能力越好。通过对典型油藏进行剖析,回归出排驱压力与孔隙度、渗透率之间的关系,由此可根据已知孔隙度或渗透率得出排驱压力,进而利用排驱压力与油柱高度的关系,估算断层的封闭程度。
研究结果表明,夏口断裂带及附近断块断层的封闭性在时空上存在着较大的差异,并在油气的运聚过程中起着不同的作用；夏口断层控制着运移至缓坡带的油气量,其东段侧向封闭性较差,可以连接源岩和圈闭形成油气运移的通道；其西段侧向封闭好,阻止油气继续运移成藏；缓坡带内三、四级断层控制着油气运聚的层位；下一步的勘探目标应为研究区北部沙四段地层中的断块圈闭。
By geology,log,core analysis ect, we start the system study of fault sealing mechanism, analyse the inner casue of fault seal oill and gas,solve the key problem of block reservior.By this way,we could develop the mind to find Oil and guide exploration deployment in the futhure.It is siganificant for oill and gas exploring.
The sealing ability of faults is mainly determined by the displacement pressure cont rast of fault rock against reservoir, while the displacement pressure of fault rock is cont rolled by shale content and diagenetic grade of fault rock. The shale content of fault rocks depend on the proportion of mudstone thickness of faulted formation, and the positive pressure exerted on the fracture surface determines the diagenetic grade of fault rock. The positive pressure of ractured surface has relation with the fault dip and buried depth of the fault rock while the displacement pressure of reservoir is cont rolled by the shale content and buried depth of reservoir. Setting the alternation relationship between displacement of different shale content rock and burial depth.
There are three sealing models at Xiakou faulted zone in the Huimin depression, sandstone and mudstone collocation seal, mudstone smearing seal, carbonate cement filling seal。A new quantitative method for evaluating fault sealing ability is proposed on the basis of sealing rule of displacement pressure cont rast. When oill resource is abundent, oill height reprents fault sealing capacity, the better fault sealing capacity is, the higher oill height is. Through studying the typical resercior,we could build the realitionship between oill height and Oil Controlling fault parameter and find fault sealing mechanism.
The results show that the fault sealing in this area is different in time and space, and plays different roles in hydro-carbon migration and accumulation. Xiakou fault controls oil migrating to the gentle slope. The poor fault sealing of east section can form hydrocarbon migration channel through connecting source rock and t rap, while the fault sealing of west section is good, which can form reservoirs by preventing hydrocarbon from migrating. The third or fourth grade faults within gentle slope control hydrocarbon migration and accumulation layer. Further exploration targets should be focused on the fault-blockt rap s in the Es4 formation in the northern of the study area.
在利用断层两盘岩性配置关系对断层封堵性进行定性评价时,如果目的层与泥岩对接时,断层封闭性好；当砂岩与砂岩对接,且有相同或相近的排驱压力时,断层封闭性差；当断层两侧接触的砂岩具有不同排驱压力时,断层的封闭程度取决于两盘排驱压力差。断层封闭性受断层两盘地层的泥质含量和断面正压力等因素的影响,断面正压力的大小与断层倾角和断块埋深有关。因此,可根据断层两盘的泥质含量及埋深,评价断层的封闭能力。
夏口断裂带及附近断层主要存在三种封堵模式,即砂泥并置封堵、泥岩涂抹封堵和碳酸盐胶结充填封堵。根据岩石的排替压力封闭原理,提出了砂泥岩薄互层段中断层封闭性的定量评价方法。在油源条件充足的情况下,断层的封堵能力体现在油藏高度上,油藏高度越大,断层封堵能力越好。通过对典型油藏进行剖析,回归出排驱压力与孔隙度、渗透率之间的关系,由此可根据已知孔隙度或渗透率得出排驱压力,进而利用排驱压力与油柱高度的关系,估算断层的封闭程度。
研究结果表明,夏口断裂带及附近断块断层的封闭性在时空上存在着较大的差异,并在油气的运聚过程中起着不同的作用；夏口断层控制着运移至缓坡带的油气量,其东段侧向封闭性较差,可以连接源岩和圈闭形成油气运移的通道；其西段侧向封闭好,阻止油气继续运移成藏；缓坡带内三、四级断层控制着油气运聚的层位；下一步的勘探目标应为研究区北部沙四段地层中的断块圈闭。
By geology,log,core analysis ect, we start the system study of fault sealing mechanism, analyse the inner casue of fault seal oill and gas,solve the key problem of block reservior.By this way,we could develop the mind to find Oil and guide exploration deployment in the futhure.It is siganificant for oill and gas exploring.
The sealing ability of faults is mainly determined by the displacement pressure cont rast of fault rock against reservoir, while the displacement pressure of fault rock is cont rolled by shale content and diagenetic grade of fault rock. The shale content of fault rocks depend on the proportion of mudstone thickness of faulted formation, and the positive pressure exerted on the fracture surface determines the diagenetic grade of fault rock. The positive pressure of ractured surface has relation with the fault dip and buried depth of the fault rock while the displacement pressure of reservoir is cont rolled by the shale content and buried depth of reservoir. Setting the alternation relationship between displacement of different shale content rock and burial depth.
There are three sealing models at Xiakou faulted zone in the Huimin depression, sandstone and mudstone collocation seal, mudstone smearing seal, carbonate cement filling seal。A new quantitative method for evaluating fault sealing ability is proposed on the basis of sealing rule of displacement pressure cont rast. When oill resource is abundent, oill height reprents fault sealing capacity, the better fault sealing capacity is, the higher oill height is. Through studying the typical resercior,we could build the realitionship between oill height and Oil Controlling fault parameter and find fault sealing mechanism.
The results show that the fault sealing in this area is different in time and space, and plays different roles in hydro-carbon migration and accumulation. Xiakou fault controls oil migrating to the gentle slope. The poor fault sealing of east section can form hydrocarbon migration channel through connecting source rock and t rap, while the fault sealing of west section is good, which can form reservoirs by preventing hydrocarbon from migrating. The third or fourth grade faults within gentle slope control hydrocarbon migration and accumulation layer. Further exploration targets should be focused on the fault-blockt rap s in the Es4 formation in the northern of the study area.
引文
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4.王志欣,信荃麟.关于地下断层封闭性的讨论(以东营坳陷为例)[J].高校地质学报,1997,3(3)：294-300
5.吕延防,李国会,王跃文,等.断层封闭性的定量计算方法[J].石油学报,1996,17(3)：39-45
6. Weber K S, Mandle G, Pillar W F, et al. Growth fault structure [C].10th Oftishore Technology Gonfereence:2643-2653
7. Bouvter J D.Three dimensional seismic imterpretation and fault sealing investigations Nun River held, Nigeria[J].AAPG Bull.,1989,73(11):1397-1414
8.杨剑萍,许正豪等.山东惠民凹陷中央隆起带古近系沙河街组层序地层特征及控制因素研究[J].沉积学报,2003,12(3)：670-674
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10.马晓鸣,戴俊生.应用落差分析研究高邮凹陷南断阶主控断层[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,22(4)：31-34.
11.宋振宇,赵世广,周延明.断层落差断距的判定[J].黑龙江科技信息,2004,6：221-221.
12.姜在兴等.临南洼陷沙四上段沉积体系与油气潜力研究[A].中石化胜利油田临盘采油厂,2004,12(2)：60-76
13.郭彦如,刘全新,樊太亮等著.查干断陷湖盆层序格架中的含油气系统[M].北京：地质出版社,2003,137(1)：23-44
14.姜在兴,操应长等著.砂体层序地层及沉积学研究：以山东惠民凹陷为例[M].北京：地质出版社,2000,213(2)：82
15.冯有良.东营凹陷下第三系层序地层格架及盆地充填模式[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,1999,24(6)：635-642
16.罗志立,童崇光编著.板块构造与中国含油气盆地[M].武汉：中国地质大学出版社,2000,33(1)：22-45
17.李鹏举,卢华复,施央申.渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷的形成及断裂构造研究[J].南京大学学报(自然科学版),1995,(1)：128-139.
18.宗国洪,肖焕钦,李常宝.济阳坳陷构造演化及其大地构造意义.高校地质学报,1999,5(3)：275-282.
19.侯贵廷,钱祥麟.渤海中、新生代盆地构造活动与沉积作用的时空关系.石油与天然气地质,2000,21(3)：201-206.
20.王冠民、姜在兴.关于深切谷研究的进展,石油大学学报,2000,24(1),117-121.
21.林畅松.“构造坡折带”-断陷盆地层序分析和油气预测的重要概念.地球科学,2000,25(3)：260-266.
22.贾俊德.济阳坳陷地层油藏形成条件及油藏特点.石油勘探与开发,1987,(5)：56-64.
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