新型固态限流器整流桥本体故障的仿真研究
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摘要
随着电力系统的不断发展，短路容量日益增大，严重影响电气设备的选择和投资，同时给电力系统安全稳定运行也带来极大的隐患。采用行之有效的限流措施，将短路电流限制到合理、较低的水平势在必行。故障电流限制器(Fault Current Limiter)真是基于此目的而研究发展起来的，其理论研究与实际应用都有很多的科研成果，特别是超导限流器、固态限流器，大大加速了故障电流限制器的实用化进程。然而，故障电流限制器众多的研究成果中，关于其整流桥本体发生故障对系统影响，以及发生整流桥本体故障的控制策略方面的文章，在国内外却尚无公开的文献报道，而本文对这一方面进行了初步的研究。
本文首先简单介绍了短路电流的危害、常见的限流技术、理想的故障电流限制器的一些特性和几种常见的故障电流限制器，并重点介绍了固态限流器(SSFCL)的典型拓扑结构和工作原理。同时对国内外，故障电流限制器研究成果和工程应用，以及其最新的研究进展也做了简单的介绍。
在新型固态限流器已有的理论研究与工程应用研究的基础上，利用PSCAD／EMTDC仿真软件建立了新型固态限流器典型拓扑仿真模型，并就其整流桥本体发生桥臂断路故障和桥臂短路故障对正常运行系统以及系统此时发生三相短路故障的影响做了比较详细的仿真研究。同时提出了整流桥本体故障的控制方法，并进行了仿真验证，其结果令人满意。
同时也对新型固态限流器整流桥本体故障检测方法进行了初步的探讨。
Along with the continuous development of power system, short circuit capability is increasing, which seriously affects the electrical equipments selection and investment. Meanwhile it has caused serious hidden dangers to the security and stability of power system operation. It is imperative that we should adopt effective measures to limit short-circuit current to a reasonable and lower level. Fault Current Limiter(FCL) was researched and developed on those purpose, and its theoretical research and practical applications have many research results, particularly Superconductivity Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) and Solid State Fault Current Limiter (SSFCL), which greatly accelerated practical process of the FCL. However, in the large number of Fault Current Limiter research results, the articles which are about the influence of self faults on the system and the control strategy during the self faults have no public literature reports. A preliminary study on this area has been mainly discussed in this paper.
First, this paper introduces the hazards of short-circuit current, common current limiting technology, the characteristics of ideal fault current limiter and several common fault current limiter, and emphasis the typical topological structure and working principle of the SSFCL. Meanwhile a brief introduction of Fault Current Limiter research and engineering applications, and the latest research progress have also been made.
On the basis of existing theoretical research and applied research projects about the New SSFCL, a PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software is used to establish some typical topologies model of novel SSFCL, whose bridge rectifier bridge Ontology faults impact on the normal operation and happened three-phase faults power system is researched. Meanwhile, Control Strategy of the rectifier bridge Ontology fault is introduced and simulation test it, and achieved satisfactory results.
The fault detecting method for the rectifier of SSFCL has also been discussed on this paper.
本文首先简单介绍了短路电流的危害、常见的限流技术、理想的故障电流限制器的一些特性和几种常见的故障电流限制器，并重点介绍了固态限流器(SSFCL)的典型拓扑结构和工作原理。同时对国内外，故障电流限制器研究成果和工程应用，以及其最新的研究进展也做了简单的介绍。
在新型固态限流器已有的理论研究与工程应用研究的基础上，利用PSCAD／EMTDC仿真软件建立了新型固态限流器典型拓扑仿真模型，并就其整流桥本体发生桥臂断路故障和桥臂短路故障对正常运行系统以及系统此时发生三相短路故障的影响做了比较详细的仿真研究。同时提出了整流桥本体故障的控制方法，并进行了仿真验证，其结果令人满意。
同时也对新型固态限流器整流桥本体故障检测方法进行了初步的探讨。
Along with the continuous development of power system, short circuit capability is increasing, which seriously affects the electrical equipments selection and investment. Meanwhile it has caused serious hidden dangers to the security and stability of power system operation. It is imperative that we should adopt effective measures to limit short-circuit current to a reasonable and lower level. Fault Current Limiter(FCL) was researched and developed on those purpose, and its theoretical research and practical applications have many research results, particularly Superconductivity Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) and Solid State Fault Current Limiter (SSFCL), which greatly accelerated practical process of the FCL. However, in the large number of Fault Current Limiter research results, the articles which are about the influence of self faults on the system and the control strategy during the self faults have no public literature reports. A preliminary study on this area has been mainly discussed in this paper.
First, this paper introduces the hazards of short-circuit current, common current limiting technology, the characteristics of ideal fault current limiter and several common fault current limiter, and emphasis the typical topological structure and working principle of the SSFCL. Meanwhile a brief introduction of Fault Current Limiter research and engineering applications, and the latest research progress have also been made.
On the basis of existing theoretical research and applied research projects about the New SSFCL, a PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software is used to establish some typical topologies model of novel SSFCL, whose bridge rectifier bridge Ontology faults impact on the normal operation and happened three-phase faults power system is researched. Meanwhile, Control Strategy of the rectifier bridge Ontology fault is introduced and simulation test it, and achieved satisfactory results.
The fault detecting method for the rectifier of SSFCL has also been discussed on this paper.
引文
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[3] 阮前途·上海电网短路电流控制的现状与对策[J]·电网技术，2005，29(2)：78-83
[4] 胡宏，周坚·瓶窑500kV母线短路电流限制措施的研究[J]·华东电力，2005，33(5)：15-17
[5] 杨杰，陈希英，邵健雄·三峡水电站短路电流水平及限制措施分析[J]·电网技术，1997，21(7)：17-20
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[8] 陈永刚·新型固态限流器及其应用研究[D]·浙江杭州：浙江大学电气工程学院，2006
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[10] 李继红，黄良宝，徐谦等·一种降低短路电流水平的措施—母线分裂运行[J]·电力系统自动化，2001，14：62-63
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[13] 叶莺，肖立业·超导故障限流器的应用研究新进展[J]·电力系统自动化，2005，29(13)：92-96
[14] 花秀峰·新型固态限流器在系统中应用的仿真研究[D]．浙江杭州：浙江大学电气工程学院，2006
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[16] 陈德桂·应用PTC限流元件的低压断路器[J]·低压电器，2001，No.3：3-5
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[18] 江道灼、陈永刚·变压器耦合固态限流器的纯电容负载试验[J]·电力系统自动化，2006，30
[19] Mitsuhiro Taskeshita and Hiroaki Sugihara. Effect of fault current limiting of UPFC for power flow control in loop transmission. IEEE Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exhibition 2002: Asia Pacific. IEEE/PES Publication Vol.3 Oct 2002:2032-2036
[20] K.Duangkamol and M.Hojo. Fault current limiting and power system stabilization by static synchronous series compensator. IEEE Power System Technology, 2000. Proceedings PowerCon 2000. Vol.3, Dec. 2000:1581-1586
[21] 曾琦，李兴源，蔡鑫贵等·带串联补偿故障限流器的仿真和实验[J]·电力系统自动化，Vol.27，No.14，July25．2003：54-56
[22] 陈金祥，董思源，邹积岩·具有串联补偿作用的新型故障限流器的研究[J]．电工技术学报，2001，16(1)：48-51
[23] 袁清芳，李兴源·具有可控串联补偿的新型故障限流器的研究[J]·电工技术学报，Vol.19，No.1，July25．2003：54-56
[24] 梁旭东，石雄文，叶志浩．基于舰船电力系统的磁饱和型限流器的研究[J]·继电器，2004，32(12)：32-35
[25] 陈刚，江道灼，吕征宇等·一种新型固态短路限流器拓扑及其控制策略[J]·电力系统自动化，2004，28(3)：32-36
[26] 张进久，戚峰·高点起跳——山东电力研究院科技创新记事[N]·山东电力报，2004，4，17．
[27] Jiyan Chen, Zhongrning Chen.Fault Current Limiting by Means of Loss-less Resistor[J].Proceedings of the American Conference Chicago, Illinois, 2000: 544-548
[28] 吴兆麟·一种短路保护电路：中国，ZL 96123001.0[P]．
[29] 吕征宇，江道灼，吴兆麟·具有旁路电感的短路故障限流器：中国，ZL02265208.6[P]．
[30] 吕征宇，江道灼，吴兆麟·吴国炎．多输出隔离电源装置：中国，ZL01276407．8[P]．
[31] 吴兆麟，吕征宇，江道灼·电力电子型短路故障限流器：中国，ZL200420022582．5[P]．
[32] 吴兆麟·短路限流式三相变压器·中国：ZL00206596．7[P]
[33] 陈刚，江道灼，吕征宇，吴兆麟·一种新型固态短路限流器拓扑及其控制策略[J]·电力系统自动化，2004，28(3)：32-38
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[35] 赵中原，吕征宇，江道灼·新型固态限流器三相主电路拓扑及控制策略研究[J]·中国电机工程学报，2005，25(12)：42-46
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