古龙—常家围子断陷区深层层序地层学研究
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摘要
本文以地震、测井、钻井资料为基础,以层序地层学理论为指导,在古龙-常家围子断陷区深层开展层序地层学研究。研究的目的层段包括火石岭组、沙河子组、营城组和登娄库组地层,重点研究沙河子组和登娄库组地层,对火石岭组和营城组一段火山岩做了探索性的研究。
在认真分析和借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,通过对地震、测井、钻井资料的研究,认为深层各个组的界面都是超层序界面,每个组都构成一个超层序,依此将目的层段划分为4个超层序。沙河子组地层在研究区发育沙河子下段和沙河子上段两套地层,依据其界面性质将其划分为两个三级层序;营城组地层在该区发育营一段火山岩和营四段砂砾岩,依据其界面性质将其划分为两个三级层序;登娄库组地层在该区内发育登二段、登三段和登四段地层,依据其界面的性质,将其划分为三个三级层序。在此基础上,利用过井地震剖面的对比追踪,井震结合,建立了研究区深层高精度的、等时性的层序地层格架。
在等时地层格架内以层序界面的形成和和分布为主线,搞清深层各层序地层的分布特征;对深层各组地层进行沉积相和沉积环境演化的分析,进而通过地震相和地震属性预测了沙河子组各段、营城组四段和登娄库组各段地层的储层和烃源岩分布。通过对火石岭组和营城组一段火山岩的地震、测井、钻井资料的分析研究,认为本区火山岩的岩相类型主要有火山口溢流相、火山喷发相和沉积岩夹火山岩相,利用火山岩的地震相特征分析火山岩岩相的平面展布特征。在此基础上总结了沉积演化规律和建立了层序地层学模式,并根据层序地层学原理,利用地震属性结合沉积相揭示了深层地层超覆圈闭分布规律。
最后,综合生、储、盖、圈闭等因素,指出了研究区内的有利勘探区带。
This paper made sequence stratigraphy research in Gulong-Changjiaweizi fault deep formation area base on seismic, logging and well drilling data by the theory of sequence stratigraphy. The target strata studied in this paper include Huoshiling Formation, Shahezi Formation, Yingcheng Formation and Denglouku Formation. Of the studied target strata, this paper focuses the main research objective on the strata of Denglouku Formation, and also makes a groping research into the volcanic rock strata of the first segment of Yingcheng Formation.
On the basis of carefully analyzing and referring the research fruits, by means of the study on the seismic data, logging data and drilling data, the author divides the target strata into four super-sequence. It is believed that the interface of each formation of the deep strata in the studied area is a super-sequence boundary, and accordingly each formation forms a super-sequence. Meanwhile it is also deemed that the strata of Denglouku formation in studied area developed Deng-2 Segment, Deng-3 Segment and Deng-4 Segment, and according to the characteristics of their boundaries, the strata of Denglouku Formation can be further divided into three sequences. Based on the above cognitions, an isochronous stratigraphic framework of the deep strata in studied area is built by means of tracing and correlating the well-tie seismic sections and of combining the well data and seismic data.
Based on this cognition, the author analyzes the planar distribution features of volcanic lithofacies, on the premise of analyzing the evolution of sedimentary facies and sedimentary environment for the strata of Denglouku Formation inside the isochronous stratigraphic framework, this paper predicts the distribution of reservoir for each segment of Shahezi Formation strata by using various geophysical attributes. According to the analysis and the study on the seismic, logging and drilling data of the volcanic rocks from the first member of Yingcheng Formation, the author thinks the lithofacies types of the volcanic rocks in the studied region mainly include volcanic channels facies, eruptive facies, effusive eruption facies and volcanic-sedimentary rock facies. It is deemed that the structural subsidence is the main factor of controlling the development of stratigraphic sequence during the faulting stage, while the climate change is the leading factor of controlling the development of stratigraphic sequence during the depression period.
At last, the favorable exploration zones in the studied area are pointed out by making an integrative consideration of various ingredients such as source rocks, reservoir rocks, cap rocks and traps.
在认真分析和借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,通过对地震、测井、钻井资料的研究,认为深层各个组的界面都是超层序界面,每个组都构成一个超层序,依此将目的层段划分为4个超层序。沙河子组地层在研究区发育沙河子下段和沙河子上段两套地层,依据其界面性质将其划分为两个三级层序;营城组地层在该区发育营一段火山岩和营四段砂砾岩,依据其界面性质将其划分为两个三级层序;登娄库组地层在该区内发育登二段、登三段和登四段地层,依据其界面的性质,将其划分为三个三级层序。在此基础上,利用过井地震剖面的对比追踪,井震结合,建立了研究区深层高精度的、等时性的层序地层格架。
在等时地层格架内以层序界面的形成和和分布为主线,搞清深层各层序地层的分布特征;对深层各组地层进行沉积相和沉积环境演化的分析,进而通过地震相和地震属性预测了沙河子组各段、营城组四段和登娄库组各段地层的储层和烃源岩分布。通过对火石岭组和营城组一段火山岩的地震、测井、钻井资料的分析研究,认为本区火山岩的岩相类型主要有火山口溢流相、火山喷发相和沉积岩夹火山岩相,利用火山岩的地震相特征分析火山岩岩相的平面展布特征。在此基础上总结了沉积演化规律和建立了层序地层学模式,并根据层序地层学原理,利用地震属性结合沉积相揭示了深层地层超覆圈闭分布规律。
最后,综合生、储、盖、圈闭等因素,指出了研究区内的有利勘探区带。
This paper made sequence stratigraphy research in Gulong-Changjiaweizi fault deep formation area base on seismic, logging and well drilling data by the theory of sequence stratigraphy. The target strata studied in this paper include Huoshiling Formation, Shahezi Formation, Yingcheng Formation and Denglouku Formation. Of the studied target strata, this paper focuses the main research objective on the strata of Denglouku Formation, and also makes a groping research into the volcanic rock strata of the first segment of Yingcheng Formation.
On the basis of carefully analyzing and referring the research fruits, by means of the study on the seismic data, logging data and drilling data, the author divides the target strata into four super-sequence. It is believed that the interface of each formation of the deep strata in the studied area is a super-sequence boundary, and accordingly each formation forms a super-sequence. Meanwhile it is also deemed that the strata of Denglouku formation in studied area developed Deng-2 Segment, Deng-3 Segment and Deng-4 Segment, and according to the characteristics of their boundaries, the strata of Denglouku Formation can be further divided into three sequences. Based on the above cognitions, an isochronous stratigraphic framework of the deep strata in studied area is built by means of tracing and correlating the well-tie seismic sections and of combining the well data and seismic data.
Based on this cognition, the author analyzes the planar distribution features of volcanic lithofacies, on the premise of analyzing the evolution of sedimentary facies and sedimentary environment for the strata of Denglouku Formation inside the isochronous stratigraphic framework, this paper predicts the distribution of reservoir for each segment of Shahezi Formation strata by using various geophysical attributes. According to the analysis and the study on the seismic, logging and drilling data of the volcanic rocks from the first member of Yingcheng Formation, the author thinks the lithofacies types of the volcanic rocks in the studied region mainly include volcanic channels facies, eruptive facies, effusive eruption facies and volcanic-sedimentary rock facies. It is deemed that the structural subsidence is the main factor of controlling the development of stratigraphic sequence during the faulting stage, while the climate change is the leading factor of controlling the development of stratigraphic sequence during the depression period.
At last, the favorable exploration zones in the studied area are pointed out by making an integrative consideration of various ingredients such as source rocks, reservoir rocks, cap rocks and traps.
引文
[1]罗立民.河湖沉积体系三维高分辨率层序地层学[M].北京,地质出版社.1999,1
[2]蔡雄飞.事件地层学与层序地层学在盆地研究中具同等作用[J].地层学杂志,1997,21(2):156～160
[3] Peters K E,et a1.A new geochmical-sequence stratigraphic model for the Mahakam Delta and Makassar Slope,Kalimantan,Indonesia[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(1):12～44
[4] Bohacs K M,eta1.Lake-basin type,source potential,and hydrocarbon characterl an integrated sequence-stratigraphiegeochemical frame-work[A] Gierlowski E H, Kordesch, Kelts K R.Lake BasinsThrough Spaceand Time[C].AAPG Studies in Geology 46, 2000:3～34
[5]李美俊,周东升.层序地层地球化学—地球化学研究的新进展[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(5): 487～497
[6] Wignall P B,Maynard J R.The sequence stratigraphy of transgressive black shales[A]. Katz B J,Pratt L M.Lake Basins Through Space and Time[C].AAPG Studies in Geology 37,1993:35～48
[7] Stefen D,Corin G E.Sedimentology of organic matter in upper Tiho- nian-Beriasian deep-sea carbonates of southern France l evidence ofeustatic control[A].Katz B J, Pratt L M.Lake Ba sins Through Space and Time[C].AAPG Studiein Geology 37,1993:49～66
[8] Bohacs K M.Source quality variations tied to sequence development in Monterey and associated formations,So uthwestern Cahfornia[A]. Katz BJ,Pratt L M.Lake Basins Through Space and Time[C]3.AAPG Studi-es in Geology 37,1993:177～204
[9] Zaback D A,Pratt L M.Paeoceanographic interpretation of variations in the sulfur isotopic compositions and Mn/Fe ratios in the MioceneMonterey formation,Santa Maria Basin,California[A].Katz B J,Pratt L M.Lake Basins Through Space and Time[C].AAPG Studies in Geology 37,1993:205～220
[10] Braith waite CJR.Cement sequence stratigraphy in carbonates.Journ-al of Sedimentary Petrology,1993,63(2):395～303
[11]贾振远,蔡忠贤.成岩地层学与层序地层学[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报, 1997,22(5): 538～543
[12] Galloway W E.Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysisⅠ: architectureand genesis of flooding-surface bounded depositional units[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989a,73: 125～142
[13] Galloway W E.Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysisⅡ: applicationto northwest Gulf of Mexico Cenozoic basin[J].AAPG Bull-etin,1989b,73:143～154
[14]薛良清.成因层序地层学的回顾与展望[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):484～488
[15]国景星,戴启德,吴丽艳等.冲积河流相层序地层学研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(4):15～21
[16]刘招君,董清水,王嗣敏等编著.陆相层序地层学导论与应用[M].第一版.北京,石油工业出版社.2002,126～148
[17]纪友亮.层序地层学[M].第一版.上海,同济大学出版社.2005,180～184
[18]齐永安,王润怀,潘结南.米兰柯维奇旋回与高频波动周期的识别[J].焦作工学院学报(自然科学版),2002,19(2):81～85
[19]王嗣敏,刘招君,董清水.陆相盆地层序地层形成机制分析—以松辽盆地为例[J].长春科技大学学报,2000,30(2):139～144
[20]蔡希源等著,陆相盆地高精度层序地层学.北京:地质出版社,2003.12
[21]朱筱敏编著,层序地层学.东营:石油大学出版社,2000.4
[22]朱伟林.从近年来AAPG年会看含油气盆地研究的主要趋向.地学前缘(中国地质大学,北京). 1995, 2(3-4):259-262
[23]李思田,林畅松,解习农等.大型陆相盆地层序地层学研究—以鄂尔多斯中生代盆地为例.地学前缘(中国地质大学,北京). 1995, 2(3-4):133-136
[24]何登发,李德生,沉积盆地动力学研究的新进展,《地学前缘》,1995, 2(3-4):53-58
[25]徐怀大,如何推动我国层序地层学迅速发展,《地学前缘》,1995, 2(3-4):103-114
[26]林畅松,李思田,任建业,断陷湖盆层序地层研究和计算机模拟—以二连盆地乌里雅斯太断陷为例,《地学前缘》,1995, 2(3-4):124-132
[27]魏魁生著.1996,非海相层序地层学-以松辽盆地为例,地质出版社
[28]纪友亮编著.1996,陆相断陷湖盆层序地层学,石油工业出版社
[29]李思田,杨士恭,吴冲龙等.中国东北部晚中生代裂陷作用和东北区断陷盆地系.中国科学B辑, 1987, (2):185～195
[30]李思田.沉积盆地的动力学分析—盆地研究领域的主要趋向.地学前缘, 1995, 2(3～4):1-8
[31]李思田主编.断陷盆地分析与煤聚集规律.地质出版社(北京). 1988, 218～22
[32]高瑞祺蔡希源等.1997,《松辽盆地大油田形成条件与分布规律》石油工业出版社
[33]高瑞祺萧德铭等.1996,《松辽盆地勘探新进展》石油工业出版社
[34]王东坡刘立等.松辽盆地白垩纪古气候沉积旋回层序地层,1995年吉林大学出版社
[35]王东坡刘立等.1992,松辽陆相盆地的层序地层学研究《长春地质学院建院40周年科学研究》
[36] D. C. P. Peacock等.1995,正断层系统中传递斜坡的几何形态及演化,国外油气勘探, 7(1):13-24
[37]程日辉、刘招君、王璞君.1997,松辽盆地东部火山事件的地质意义,地球科学—中国地质大学学报,22(1):57-62
[38]赵海玲、邓福晋等.1996,松辽盆地东南缘中生代火山及其盆地形成的构造背景,地球科学—中国地质大学学报,21(4):421-427
[39]杨玉峰.松辽盆地徐家围子地区含气系统研究,中国地质大学(北京)博士学位论文,2000
[40]曾志琼.地层圈闭含油气远景的定性预测,天然气勘探与开发,1988,(3):39-41
[41]林雄,田景春.非构造油气藏国内外研究现状及发展方向,岩相古地理,1998,18(4):63-70
[42]樊太亮,李卫东.层序地层应用于陆相油藏预测的成功实例,石油学报,1999,20(2):12-17
[2]蔡雄飞.事件地层学与层序地层学在盆地研究中具同等作用[J].地层学杂志,1997,21(2):156～160
[3] Peters K E,et a1.A new geochmical-sequence stratigraphic model for the Mahakam Delta and Makassar Slope,Kalimantan,Indonesia[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(1):12～44
[4] Bohacs K M,eta1.Lake-basin type,source potential,and hydrocarbon characterl an integrated sequence-stratigraphiegeochemical frame-work[A] Gierlowski E H, Kordesch, Kelts K R.Lake BasinsThrough Spaceand Time[C].AAPG Studies in Geology 46, 2000:3～34
[5]李美俊,周东升.层序地层地球化学—地球化学研究的新进展[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(5): 487～497
[6] Wignall P B,Maynard J R.The sequence stratigraphy of transgressive black shales[A]. Katz B J,Pratt L M.Lake Basins Through Space and Time[C].AAPG Studies in Geology 37,1993:35～48
[7] Stefen D,Corin G E.Sedimentology of organic matter in upper Tiho- nian-Beriasian deep-sea carbonates of southern France l evidence ofeustatic control[A].Katz B J, Pratt L M.Lake Ba sins Through Space and Time[C].AAPG Studiein Geology 37,1993:49～66
[8] Bohacs K M.Source quality variations tied to sequence development in Monterey and associated formations,So uthwestern Cahfornia[A]. Katz BJ,Pratt L M.Lake Basins Through Space and Time[C]3.AAPG Studi-es in Geology 37,1993:177～204
[9] Zaback D A,Pratt L M.Paeoceanographic interpretation of variations in the sulfur isotopic compositions and Mn/Fe ratios in the MioceneMonterey formation,Santa Maria Basin,California[A].Katz B J,Pratt L M.Lake Basins Through Space and Time[C].AAPG Studies in Geology 37,1993:205～220
[10] Braith waite CJR.Cement sequence stratigraphy in carbonates.Journ-al of Sedimentary Petrology,1993,63(2):395～303
[11]贾振远,蔡忠贤.成岩地层学与层序地层学[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报, 1997,22(5): 538～543
[12] Galloway W E.Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysisⅠ: architectureand genesis of flooding-surface bounded depositional units[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989a,73: 125～142
[13] Galloway W E.Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysisⅡ: applicationto northwest Gulf of Mexico Cenozoic basin[J].AAPG Bull-etin,1989b,73:143～154
[14]薛良清.成因层序地层学的回顾与展望[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):484～488
[15]国景星,戴启德,吴丽艳等.冲积河流相层序地层学研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(4):15～21
[16]刘招君,董清水,王嗣敏等编著.陆相层序地层学导论与应用[M].第一版.北京,石油工业出版社.2002,126～148
[17]纪友亮.层序地层学[M].第一版.上海,同济大学出版社.2005,180～184
[18]齐永安,王润怀,潘结南.米兰柯维奇旋回与高频波动周期的识别[J].焦作工学院学报(自然科学版),2002,19(2):81～85
[19]王嗣敏,刘招君,董清水.陆相盆地层序地层形成机制分析—以松辽盆地为例[J].长春科技大学学报,2000,30(2):139～144
[20]蔡希源等著,陆相盆地高精度层序地层学.北京:地质出版社,2003.12
[21]朱筱敏编著,层序地层学.东营:石油大学出版社,2000.4
[22]朱伟林.从近年来AAPG年会看含油气盆地研究的主要趋向.地学前缘(中国地质大学,北京). 1995, 2(3-4):259-262
[23]李思田,林畅松,解习农等.大型陆相盆地层序地层学研究—以鄂尔多斯中生代盆地为例.地学前缘(中国地质大学,北京). 1995, 2(3-4):133-136
[24]何登发,李德生,沉积盆地动力学研究的新进展,《地学前缘》,1995, 2(3-4):53-58
[25]徐怀大,如何推动我国层序地层学迅速发展,《地学前缘》,1995, 2(3-4):103-114
[26]林畅松,李思田,任建业,断陷湖盆层序地层研究和计算机模拟—以二连盆地乌里雅斯太断陷为例,《地学前缘》,1995, 2(3-4):124-132
[27]魏魁生著.1996,非海相层序地层学-以松辽盆地为例,地质出版社
[28]纪友亮编著.1996,陆相断陷湖盆层序地层学,石油工业出版社
[29]李思田,杨士恭,吴冲龙等.中国东北部晚中生代裂陷作用和东北区断陷盆地系.中国科学B辑, 1987, (2):185～195
[30]李思田.沉积盆地的动力学分析—盆地研究领域的主要趋向.地学前缘, 1995, 2(3～4):1-8
[31]李思田主编.断陷盆地分析与煤聚集规律.地质出版社(北京). 1988, 218～22
[32]高瑞祺蔡希源等.1997,《松辽盆地大油田形成条件与分布规律》石油工业出版社
[33]高瑞祺萧德铭等.1996,《松辽盆地勘探新进展》石油工业出版社
[34]王东坡刘立等.松辽盆地白垩纪古气候沉积旋回层序地层,1995年吉林大学出版社
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