基于6LoWPAN技术的智能家居系统研究
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摘要
物联网作为新一代信息技术的产物,它的发展将极大地促进人类社会与自然世界虚拟与现实的交互。现在物联网应用尚处于起步阶段,任何国家都有机会,在物联网相关应用尚未成熟的情况下中国应该抓住这个机会,及早参与制定物联网应用行业标准、尽量多的部署示范性应用,这样在将来的发展过程中才能占据制高点。智能家居作为物联网应用的主要部分,对物联网的发展将会起到很大的推动作用。ZigBee在成本、建设和维护方面的优势使其在物联网智能家居领域得到广泛的应用;但由于未来物联网智能家居的理念是实现家中各种物体方便接入网络,实现信息共享,ZigBee在与现有互联网兼容上的缺陷使其发展受到局限。
本课题通过设计智能家居的演示系统,由此而展望未来智能家居的发展方向。智能家居主要分为传感、传输和控制部分,通过三部分的结合实现智能家居中智能的目的,论文主要介绍了本课题在网络传输上所采用的ZigBee技术,以及传感部分采用的传感器技术,整个系统利用ZigBee网络技术结合温度传感器、热释电红外传感器构建无线传感器网络,以无线传感器网络为基础在控制部分利用LabVIEW开发工具来实现家居系统的智能化、人性化。
课题最后部分根据ZigBee智能家居系统发展所面临的问题分析了现有的实现大规模物体接入网络的6LoWPAN技术,介绍了6LoWPAN网络协议模型,它所采用的主要技术,并在协议算法方面进行了改进、优化。6LoWPAN融合了无线传感器网络与IPv6网络,随着下一代IP网络逐渐成为市场主流,6LoWPAN能够很好地促进未来智能家居的发展,实现物联网的大规模应用。通过本课题设计的智能家居演示系统看到了ZigBee的优势和不足,同时看到了6LoWPAN良好的发展前景。
The Internet of things is the product of new information revolution, with its development, the human beings and natural world can be well interactive with each other in virtual and real world. The application of internet of things is now at initial stage, any country has a chance, so we should seize this opportunity, actively participate the process of formulating the standard of the Internet of things, deploying the demonstration of application as more as possible, with these actions, we can get to the high ground in the course of future development. The technology of Internet of things only has promising application. As smart home is the most important part of the Internet of things, it will promote its development greatly. Zigbee has the strong points in cost, construction and maintenance, which make the smart home widely used; meanwhile zigbee has the weak point in compatible with the internet, which violating the information sharing and things connected to the internet.
The research issue of mine is about designing demo system of smart home, with its result, we can outlook the developing direction of the smart home. The smart home is divided into three parts about sensing, transmission and control. For the purpose of smart in the smart home, the zigbee network technology and sensors were used in the demo system, with the help of composed wireless sensor network and development tool, achieving the intelligent and humanization of the smart home.
In the last part of the issue, according to the developing problem of the smart home system, I analyzed the 6LoWPAN, which makes the WSN and IPv6 compatible, I introduced the model of the protocol of the 6LoWPAN, and its used technology, I also have done optimization to the routing algorithm. With the smart home demo system, we can see the strong points and weak points of zigbee, and also we can see the prospects of 6LoWPAN.
本课题通过设计智能家居的演示系统,由此而展望未来智能家居的发展方向。智能家居主要分为传感、传输和控制部分,通过三部分的结合实现智能家居中智能的目的,论文主要介绍了本课题在网络传输上所采用的ZigBee技术,以及传感部分采用的传感器技术,整个系统利用ZigBee网络技术结合温度传感器、热释电红外传感器构建无线传感器网络,以无线传感器网络为基础在控制部分利用LabVIEW开发工具来实现家居系统的智能化、人性化。
课题最后部分根据ZigBee智能家居系统发展所面临的问题分析了现有的实现大规模物体接入网络的6LoWPAN技术,介绍了6LoWPAN网络协议模型,它所采用的主要技术,并在协议算法方面进行了改进、优化。6LoWPAN融合了无线传感器网络与IPv6网络,随着下一代IP网络逐渐成为市场主流,6LoWPAN能够很好地促进未来智能家居的发展,实现物联网的大规模应用。通过本课题设计的智能家居演示系统看到了ZigBee的优势和不足,同时看到了6LoWPAN良好的发展前景。
The Internet of things is the product of new information revolution, with its development, the human beings and natural world can be well interactive with each other in virtual and real world. The application of internet of things is now at initial stage, any country has a chance, so we should seize this opportunity, actively participate the process of formulating the standard of the Internet of things, deploying the demonstration of application as more as possible, with these actions, we can get to the high ground in the course of future development. The technology of Internet of things only has promising application. As smart home is the most important part of the Internet of things, it will promote its development greatly. Zigbee has the strong points in cost, construction and maintenance, which make the smart home widely used; meanwhile zigbee has the weak point in compatible with the internet, which violating the information sharing and things connected to the internet.
The research issue of mine is about designing demo system of smart home, with its result, we can outlook the developing direction of the smart home. The smart home is divided into three parts about sensing, transmission and control. For the purpose of smart in the smart home, the zigbee network technology and sensors were used in the demo system, with the help of composed wireless sensor network and development tool, achieving the intelligent and humanization of the smart home.
In the last part of the issue, according to the developing problem of the smart home system, I analyzed the 6LoWPAN, which makes the WSN and IPv6 compatible, I introduced the model of the protocol of the 6LoWPAN, and its used technology, I also have done optimization to the routing algorithm. With the smart home demo system, we can see the strong points and weak points of zigbee, and also we can see the prospects of 6LoWPAN.
引文
[1]李照宇.预见未来家电,新物联网生活方式展望[N].中关村在线,2010-12-17(1).
[2]薛慧.从有线走向无线,从智能走向智慧[N].南京物联传感技术公司,2011-10-10(1).
[3] Peter Friess.全球背景下欧盟的物联网发展计划[N].新闻论坛,2009-11-21(1).
[4]祁庆中.物联网与M2M业务的战略思考[J].中兴通讯技术, 2010,16(1): 3-6.
[5]孙威民. RFID应用范围扩大,期待RFID时代的到来[N].慧聪网,2012-3-7(1).
[6]李泉林,郭龙岩.综述RFID技术及其应用领域[J]. RFID技术与应用,2006(1).
[7]游战清,李苏剑.无线射频识别技术(RFID)理论与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[8]杨亲民“传感器的分类、特点与发展”《仪表符号》,1998,Vol.17, NO.1, P56~60.
[9]陈国军,张舵,陈先锋.物联网身陷发展困局,地方政府目光短浅逃避责任[N].经济参考报,2011-2-11.
[10] Jan F, Akyildiz, Weilian Su, Yogesh Sankarasubramaniam, and Erdal Cayirci. A survey on sensor networks[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2003.8, 40: 102-116.
[11] Sohrabi K, Gao J, Ailawadhi V, Pottie GJ. Protocols for self-organization of Wireless Sensor Network[J]. IEEE Personal Communications, 2000, 7(5):16-17.
[12]宋丽华,王海涛等.中间件技术与网格计算[J].信息技术与标准化,2004,(11):50-54.
[13]张福生,边杏宾.物联网中间件技术是物联网产业链的重要环节[J].科技风向标,2011,3(206):41-43.
[14]管晶晶.物联网发展往何处去,改善民生方便百姓是发展方向[N].科技日报,2010-5-24.
[15]胡向东.《物联网研究与发展综述》[J].数字通信,2010,(2):17-21.
[16]王秀玉.值得载入历史新闻,最后一批IP地址没了[N].光明日报,2011.
[17] IEEE 802.15.4-2003, Wireless Media Access Control and Physical Layer Specifications for Low-rate Wireless Personal Area Networks[S]. IEEE,2003.
[18]李志宇,肖前贵.基于LM35温度传感器的温控系统设计[J].微计算机信息, 2004, 10(3):1-2.
[19]肖景和,赵健.红外线热释电与超声波遥控电路[M].北京:人民邮电出版,2003年:118-119.
[20]肖景和,赵健.红外线热释电与超声波遥控电路[M].北京:人民邮电出版,2003年:120-123.
[21] Lee S, Ha K N, Lee K C. A pyroelectric infrared sensor based indoor location aware system for smart the home[J]. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronic, 2006, 52(4):1311-1317.
[22] 053474r06, ZigBee Specification[S]. San Ramon, CA 94583:ZigBee Alliance, 2005.
[23] Ha J Y. Enhanced hierarchical routing protocol for ZigBee mesh networks[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2007, 11(12):1028-1030.
[24] Carcelle X,Heile B,Chatellier C,et al.Next WSN applications using ZigBee[C]. IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, Boston:Springer, 2008:239-254.
[25]申焱华,王汝杰,雷振山. LabVIEW入门与提高教程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2007:1-5.
[26] IETF. IPv6 over Low Power WPAN(6lowpan)[EB/OL]. [2006-07-07]. https://onsite.ietf.org/html.charters/6lowpan-charter.html.
[27] Zach Shelby, Carsten Bormann. 6LoWPAN:the wireless embedded internet[M]. New York:John Wiley&Sons Ltd, 2009:38-40.
[28] Al KARAK I JN, KAMAL A E. Routing techniques in wireless sensor networks survey[J]. IEEE Wireless Communications. 2004, 11(6):6-28.
[29]文章链接:工控网http://www.gkzhan.com/company_news/detail/19205.html
[2]薛慧.从有线走向无线,从智能走向智慧[N].南京物联传感技术公司,2011-10-10(1).
[3] Peter Friess.全球背景下欧盟的物联网发展计划[N].新闻论坛,2009-11-21(1).
[4]祁庆中.物联网与M2M业务的战略思考[J].中兴通讯技术, 2010,16(1): 3-6.
[5]孙威民. RFID应用范围扩大,期待RFID时代的到来[N].慧聪网,2012-3-7(1).
[6]李泉林,郭龙岩.综述RFID技术及其应用领域[J]. RFID技术与应用,2006(1).
[7]游战清,李苏剑.无线射频识别技术(RFID)理论与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[8]杨亲民“传感器的分类、特点与发展”《仪表符号》,1998,Vol.17, NO.1, P56~60.
[9]陈国军,张舵,陈先锋.物联网身陷发展困局,地方政府目光短浅逃避责任[N].经济参考报,2011-2-11.
[10] Jan F, Akyildiz, Weilian Su, Yogesh Sankarasubramaniam, and Erdal Cayirci. A survey on sensor networks[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2003.8, 40: 102-116.
[11] Sohrabi K, Gao J, Ailawadhi V, Pottie GJ. Protocols for self-organization of Wireless Sensor Network[J]. IEEE Personal Communications, 2000, 7(5):16-17.
[12]宋丽华,王海涛等.中间件技术与网格计算[J].信息技术与标准化,2004,(11):50-54.
[13]张福生,边杏宾.物联网中间件技术是物联网产业链的重要环节[J].科技风向标,2011,3(206):41-43.
[14]管晶晶.物联网发展往何处去,改善民生方便百姓是发展方向[N].科技日报,2010-5-24.
[15]胡向东.《物联网研究与发展综述》[J].数字通信,2010,(2):17-21.
[16]王秀玉.值得载入历史新闻,最后一批IP地址没了[N].光明日报,2011.
[17] IEEE 802.15.4-2003, Wireless Media Access Control and Physical Layer Specifications for Low-rate Wireless Personal Area Networks[S]. IEEE,2003.
[18]李志宇,肖前贵.基于LM35温度传感器的温控系统设计[J].微计算机信息, 2004, 10(3):1-2.
[19]肖景和,赵健.红外线热释电与超声波遥控电路[M].北京:人民邮电出版,2003年:118-119.
[20]肖景和,赵健.红外线热释电与超声波遥控电路[M].北京:人民邮电出版,2003年:120-123.
[21] Lee S, Ha K N, Lee K C. A pyroelectric infrared sensor based indoor location aware system for smart the home[J]. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronic, 2006, 52(4):1311-1317.
[22] 053474r06, ZigBee Specification[S]. San Ramon, CA 94583:ZigBee Alliance, 2005.
[23] Ha J Y. Enhanced hierarchical routing protocol for ZigBee mesh networks[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2007, 11(12):1028-1030.
[24] Carcelle X,Heile B,Chatellier C,et al.Next WSN applications using ZigBee[C]. IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, Boston:Springer, 2008:239-254.
[25]申焱华,王汝杰,雷振山. LabVIEW入门与提高教程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2007:1-5.
[26] IETF. IPv6 over Low Power WPAN(6lowpan)[EB/OL]. [2006-07-07]. https://onsite.ietf.org/html.charters/6lowpan-charter.html.
[27] Zach Shelby, Carsten Bormann. 6LoWPAN:the wireless embedded internet[M]. New York:John Wiley&Sons Ltd, 2009:38-40.
[28] Al KARAK I JN, KAMAL A E. Routing techniques in wireless sensor networks survey[J]. IEEE Wireless Communications. 2004, 11(6):6-28.
[29]文章链接:工控网http://www.gkzhan.com/company_news/detail/19205.html