垂子买麻藤和大子买麻藤化学成分的研究及活性低聚茋类化合物的仿生合成
摘要
天然低聚芪类化合物是由二苯乙烯单体(如白藜芦醇、异丹叶大黄素、氧化白藜芦醇等)以不同方式、不同聚合度聚合而成的一类结构复杂、具有多种生物活性的化合物。近年，该类化合物已被发现具有抗菌、抗炎免疫、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗癌以及抗HIV等多种生物活性，日益引起国内外学者的广泛关注。
本文对近年该类化合物的化学研究进展、仿生合成中的氧化偶合反应进行了综述，并对两种国产买麻藤属植物的化学成分进行了研究。同时对低聚芪类化合物进行了结构的修饰(异种单体的氧化偶合以及单体的异戊烯化、异戊烯化单体的聚合反应)，并对天然的低聚芪及仿生合成得到的化合物进行了药效筛选，初步归纳了二苯乙烯及其聚合物的构效关系。
从两种买麻藤属植物，垂子买麻藤(Gnetum pendulum C．Y Cheng)和大子买麻藤(Gnetum montanum Markgr．f．megalocarpum Markgr．)中共分得32个化合物，其中8个为新化合物(包括4个新颖化合物)。
从垂子买麻藤茎60％乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部分中总共分离得到了11种化合物，其中4个为新化合物。分别鉴定为：gnetupendins A-D(1-4)，isorhapontigenin(5)、resveratrol (6)、daucosterol (7)、shegansu B (8)、gnetulin (9)、gnetin D(10)、isorhapontigenin-3-D-β-D-glucoside (11)。其中，gnetupendins A，B是具有新颖骨架的芪类化合物，为3，5-二羟基取代苯环中多一个苄基取代的芪类化合物，这类骨架的化合物过去文献未曾报道。Gnetupendin C为首次从天然界得到的由白藜芦醇和氧化白藜芦醇构成的顺式苯骈二氢呋喃类二聚体(即Ⅳ-A类)：gnetupendin D为首次从天然界中分得的异丹叶大黄素聚合体的糖苷。
从大子买麻藤茎中经过系统成分分离得到了21个化合物，鉴定了20个化合物，其中4个为新化合物，分别命名为gnetumontanins A-D(1-4)，已知化合物的结构分别鉴定为：pinosylvin (5)、洋芹素(apigenin，6)、gnetifolin A (7)、p-coumaric acid (8)、isorhapontigenin (9)、resveratrol (10)、gnetol (11)、gnetupendinB (12)、daucosterol (13)、shegansu B (14)、(-)-ε-vinifefin (15)、gnetulin (16)、gnetin D (17)、gnetuhainin M (18)、isorhapontigenin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (19)、isorhapontigenin-12-O-β-D-glucoside(20)。其中，gnetumontanin A为首次从天然界分得的由两个氧化白藜芦醇为单元形成的苯骈二氢呋喃类二聚体；gnetumontanin B为由两个氧化白藜芦醇和一个白藜芦醇单元通过两个苯骈二氢呋喃环形成的三聚体；gnetumontanins C和D为具有新颖骨架的含有苯骈δ-内酯环部分的新化合物及其糖苷。
从海南买麻藤中曾获得许多异种二苯乙烯聚合的低聚芪，为了研究仿生聚合反应及进一步寻找有特殊作用的化合物，对具有不同活性的异种单体，白藜芦醇和异丹叶大黄素进行了氧化偶联聚合反应，经分离，共鉴定了9个化合物，8个为新化合物。它们的结构分别鉴定为：Fe-2为由白藜芦醇自身聚合的已知二聚体ε-viniferin；Fe-3，Fe-4为由白藜芦醇和异丹叶大黄素的二聚体；Fe-6为由两个异丹叶大黄素形成的具有对称结构的二聚体；Fe-5、Fe-7、Fe-8和Fe-9均为由异丹叶大黄素和白藜芦醇的形成的三聚体，Fe-10为异丹叶大黄素自身聚合的三聚体。所得化合物中，Fe-3～Fe-10均为新化合物，其中Fe-7的结构中含ampelopsin骨架(五员呋喃环骈七员脂环部分)，Fe-8～Fe-10的结构中含有较为对称的两个苯骈二氢呋喃环部分，这些骨架在仿生合成中首次报道。
根据文献报道异戊烯基具有多方面的生物活性，为了合成带有异戊烯基的低聚芪，分别以白藜芦醇和异丹叶大黄素为母体合成了一系列异戊烯化的中间体：以白藜芦醇为母体，在碱性条件下，引入异戊烯基，合成了白藜芦醇带异戊烯基系列化合物。通过柱层析共分得12个衍生物，并鉴定了它们的结构，确定其中11个为新化合物，1个为已从天然界分得的已知化合物，初步搞清了白藜芦醇引入异戊烯基的规律；以异丹叶大黄素为母体，在路易斯酸催化下，引入异戊烯基，分离得到3个新化合物。对产率较高的中间体进行了聚合反应的实验，获得2个带有两个异戊烯基的低聚芪类二聚体。
为了评估结构与活性关系，又合成了5个射干素B系列化合物。
对以甲酸为催化剂的二苯乙烯聚合反应进行了深入研究，发现Diels-Alder反应过程中，能丢失两个苯环等的新型反应。
在仿生合成实验中，共得到32个化合物。
对所得天然产物及人工合成样品(包括中间体)分别进行了抗氧化、抗炎、抗HIV及抗肿瘤活性筛选，获得了有意义的构效关系数据。
Naturally occurring oligostilbene is a type of compounds with complex structures and muti-faceted bioactivities, polymerized by resveratrol or its derivatives (such as isorhapontigenin, oxyresveratrol, etc.) with different polymeric type or degree. In recent years, oligostilbenes have been found to have various biological activities, including anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tumour, anti-cancer and anti-HIV, which have attracted more and more attention from worldwide researchers.The chemical studies on the progress in naturally occurring oligostilbenes have been reviewed in this thesis, as well as the oxidative-coupling in biomimetic synthesis. Mainly introduced in details, the chemical constituents from two Chinese Gnetaceae species, and the structure modification of oligostilbenes, the oxidative coupling reactions between different monomers, the prenylation of stilbene monomer and their polymerization. The pharmacological activities were tested on the obtained compounds, and the Structure-Activity relationships of stilbenes were discussed.From the lianas of two species of plants, Gnetum pendulum and G. montanum f. megalocarpum, 32 compounds were obtained altogether, among them, 8 were new including 4 novel compounds.From the EtOAc soluble fraction of 60% EtOH extract of the lianas of G. pendulum, 11 compounds were isolated, and 4 of them were new ones. The structures were identified as: gnetupendins A-D (1-4), isorhapontigenin (5)、resveratrol (6)、daucosterol (7)、shegansu B (8)、gnetulin (9)、gnetin D (10)、isorhapontigenin -3-O-β-D-glucoside (11). Their structures were characterized unambiguously on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. Gnetupendins A and B were new stilbenes with novel skeletons, with the 3, 5-dihydroxyl- benzene ring substituted by a benzyl group, this skeleton has never been reported before. Gnetupendin C was a new stilbene dimer coupled by a resveratrol and an oxyresveratrol with a cis dihydrobenzofuran obtained from nature for the first time, gnetupendin D was the first isorhapontigenin dimer glucoside obtained from nature.From the lianas of G. montanum f. megalocarpum, 21 compounds were obtained by systematic isolation, 20 of them were identified, 4 of them were new compounds named as gnetumontanins A-D (1-4), and the known compounds were determined to be: pinosylvin (5)、apigenin (6)、gnetifolin A (7)、p-coumaric acid (8), isorhapontigenin (9)、resveratrol (10)、gnetol (11)、gnetupendin B (12)、daucosterol (13)、shegansu B (14)、(-)-ε-viniferin (15)、gnetulin (16)、gnetin D (17)、gnetuhainin M (18)、isorhapontigenin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (19)、isorhapontigenin-12-O-β-D-glucoside (20) . Gnetumontanin A is the first oligostilbene dimerized by two oxyresveratrol units with dihydrobenofuran ring; gnetumontanin B is a new stilbene trimer polymerized by two oxyresveratrol and one resveratrol units with two dihydrobenofuran rings; gnetumontanin C is a new stilbenoid with a novel skeleton including aδ-lactone portion and gnetumontanin D is a glucoside of it.
From the lianas of G. hainansene, some oligostilbenes polymerized by different monomer were obtained, in order to study biomimetic synthesis and seek for more leading compounds, oxidative coupling reaction were performed by the different bioactive monomer resveratrol and isorhapontigenin. After separation and purification, 9 compounds were obtained and 8 of them were new. The structures were determined as: Fe-2,ε-viniferin, a known compound, is a dimer of resveratrol. Fe-3 and Fe-4 are both new dimers of resveratrol and isorhapontigenin. Fe-5, Fe-7, Fe-8, Fe-9 are new trimers polymerized by isorhapontigenin and resveratrol units. Fe-6 is a new symmetrical dimer of isorhapontigenin. Fe-3～Fe-10 are all new compounds. The structure of Fe-7 has the ampelopsinic skeleton, and the structures of Fe-8～Fe-10 has two dihydrobenzofuran rings with symmetry. These skeletons were reported for the first time in the biomimetic synthesis.
From the literatures, prenyl group is reported to be a group with muti-faceted bioactivity, in order to polymerize oligomeric stilbenes with prenylated groups, a series of prenylated stilbene monomers were semi-synthesized from resveratrol and isorhapontigenin respectively. Under the basic conditions, prenyl group was inducted to the structure of resveratrol, and a series of prenylated derivatives were obtained. After isolation by silica gel column chromatography, 12 compounds were determined, among them, 11 were new and 1 was a known naturally occurring compound. The regular of prenyl group induction to resveratrol was concluded. Catalyzed by Lewis acid, prenyl group was inducted to the structure of isorhapontigenin. Alter separation, 3 new compounds were determined. Polymerization experiment of the high-yielded compound was executed to obtain 2 stilbene dimers with two prenyle groups.
In order to evaluate the Structure-Activity relationship, a series of shegansu B derivatives were semi-synthesized.
Meanwhile, a comprehensive investigation on formic acid catalyzed polymerization of oligostilbene was studied. A special reaction losing two substituted benzene rings and a methoxyl group successively during Diels-Alder reaction was found.
32 compounds were produced by the biomimetic experiment.
For the obtained naturally occurring and semi-synthesized oligostilbenes (including the intermediate compounds), the pharmacological activities were evaluated on anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV and anti-tumour activities, respectively and valuable experimental data were obtained about the Structure-Activity relationship.
本文对近年该类化合物的化学研究进展、仿生合成中的氧化偶合反应进行了综述，并对两种国产买麻藤属植物的化学成分进行了研究。同时对低聚芪类化合物进行了结构的修饰(异种单体的氧化偶合以及单体的异戊烯化、异戊烯化单体的聚合反应)，并对天然的低聚芪及仿生合成得到的化合物进行了药效筛选，初步归纳了二苯乙烯及其聚合物的构效关系。
从两种买麻藤属植物，垂子买麻藤(Gnetum pendulum C．Y Cheng)和大子买麻藤(Gnetum montanum Markgr．f．megalocarpum Markgr．)中共分得32个化合物，其中8个为新化合物(包括4个新颖化合物)。
从垂子买麻藤茎60％乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部分中总共分离得到了11种化合物，其中4个为新化合物。分别鉴定为：gnetupendins A-D(1-4)，isorhapontigenin(5)、resveratrol (6)、daucosterol (7)、shegansu B (8)、gnetulin (9)、gnetin D(10)、isorhapontigenin-3-D-β-D-glucoside (11)。其中，gnetupendins A，B是具有新颖骨架的芪类化合物，为3，5-二羟基取代苯环中多一个苄基取代的芪类化合物，这类骨架的化合物过去文献未曾报道。Gnetupendin C为首次从天然界得到的由白藜芦醇和氧化白藜芦醇构成的顺式苯骈二氢呋喃类二聚体(即Ⅳ-A类)：gnetupendin D为首次从天然界中分得的异丹叶大黄素聚合体的糖苷。
从大子买麻藤茎中经过系统成分分离得到了21个化合物，鉴定了20个化合物，其中4个为新化合物，分别命名为gnetumontanins A-D(1-4)，已知化合物的结构分别鉴定为：pinosylvin (5)、洋芹素(apigenin，6)、gnetifolin A (7)、p-coumaric acid (8)、isorhapontigenin (9)、resveratrol (10)、gnetol (11)、gnetupendinB (12)、daucosterol (13)、shegansu B (14)、(-)-ε-vinifefin (15)、gnetulin (16)、gnetin D (17)、gnetuhainin M (18)、isorhapontigenin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (19)、isorhapontigenin-12-O-β-D-glucoside(20)。其中，gnetumontanin A为首次从天然界分得的由两个氧化白藜芦醇为单元形成的苯骈二氢呋喃类二聚体；gnetumontanin B为由两个氧化白藜芦醇和一个白藜芦醇单元通过两个苯骈二氢呋喃环形成的三聚体；gnetumontanins C和D为具有新颖骨架的含有苯骈δ-内酯环部分的新化合物及其糖苷。
从海南买麻藤中曾获得许多异种二苯乙烯聚合的低聚芪，为了研究仿生聚合反应及进一步寻找有特殊作用的化合物，对具有不同活性的异种单体，白藜芦醇和异丹叶大黄素进行了氧化偶联聚合反应，经分离，共鉴定了9个化合物，8个为新化合物。它们的结构分别鉴定为：Fe-2为由白藜芦醇自身聚合的已知二聚体ε-viniferin；Fe-3，Fe-4为由白藜芦醇和异丹叶大黄素的二聚体；Fe-6为由两个异丹叶大黄素形成的具有对称结构的二聚体；Fe-5、Fe-7、Fe-8和Fe-9均为由异丹叶大黄素和白藜芦醇的形成的三聚体，Fe-10为异丹叶大黄素自身聚合的三聚体。所得化合物中，Fe-3～Fe-10均为新化合物，其中Fe-7的结构中含ampelopsin骨架(五员呋喃环骈七员脂环部分)，Fe-8～Fe-10的结构中含有较为对称的两个苯骈二氢呋喃环部分，这些骨架在仿生合成中首次报道。
根据文献报道异戊烯基具有多方面的生物活性，为了合成带有异戊烯基的低聚芪，分别以白藜芦醇和异丹叶大黄素为母体合成了一系列异戊烯化的中间体：以白藜芦醇为母体，在碱性条件下，引入异戊烯基，合成了白藜芦醇带异戊烯基系列化合物。通过柱层析共分得12个衍生物，并鉴定了它们的结构，确定其中11个为新化合物，1个为已从天然界分得的已知化合物，初步搞清了白藜芦醇引入异戊烯基的规律；以异丹叶大黄素为母体，在路易斯酸催化下，引入异戊烯基，分离得到3个新化合物。对产率较高的中间体进行了聚合反应的实验，获得2个带有两个异戊烯基的低聚芪类二聚体。
为了评估结构与活性关系，又合成了5个射干素B系列化合物。
对以甲酸为催化剂的二苯乙烯聚合反应进行了深入研究，发现Diels-Alder反应过程中，能丢失两个苯环等的新型反应。
在仿生合成实验中，共得到32个化合物。
对所得天然产物及人工合成样品(包括中间体)分别进行了抗氧化、抗炎、抗HIV及抗肿瘤活性筛选，获得了有意义的构效关系数据。
Naturally occurring oligostilbene is a type of compounds with complex structures and muti-faceted bioactivities, polymerized by resveratrol or its derivatives (such as isorhapontigenin, oxyresveratrol, etc.) with different polymeric type or degree. In recent years, oligostilbenes have been found to have various biological activities, including anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tumour, anti-cancer and anti-HIV, which have attracted more and more attention from worldwide researchers.The chemical studies on the progress in naturally occurring oligostilbenes have been reviewed in this thesis, as well as the oxidative-coupling in biomimetic synthesis. Mainly introduced in details, the chemical constituents from two Chinese Gnetaceae species, and the structure modification of oligostilbenes, the oxidative coupling reactions between different monomers, the prenylation of stilbene monomer and their polymerization. The pharmacological activities were tested on the obtained compounds, and the Structure-Activity relationships of stilbenes were discussed.From the lianas of two species of plants, Gnetum pendulum and G. montanum f. megalocarpum, 32 compounds were obtained altogether, among them, 8 were new including 4 novel compounds.From the EtOAc soluble fraction of 60% EtOH extract of the lianas of G. pendulum, 11 compounds were isolated, and 4 of them were new ones. The structures were identified as: gnetupendins A-D (1-4), isorhapontigenin (5)、resveratrol (6)、daucosterol (7)、shegansu B (8)、gnetulin (9)、gnetin D (10)、isorhapontigenin -3-O-β-D-glucoside (11). Their structures were characterized unambiguously on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. Gnetupendins A and B were new stilbenes with novel skeletons, with the 3, 5-dihydroxyl- benzene ring substituted by a benzyl group, this skeleton has never been reported before. Gnetupendin C was a new stilbene dimer coupled by a resveratrol and an oxyresveratrol with a cis dihydrobenzofuran obtained from nature for the first time, gnetupendin D was the first isorhapontigenin dimer glucoside obtained from nature.From the lianas of G. montanum f. megalocarpum, 21 compounds were obtained by systematic isolation, 20 of them were identified, 4 of them were new compounds named as gnetumontanins A-D (1-4), and the known compounds were determined to be: pinosylvin (5)、apigenin (6)、gnetifolin A (7)、p-coumaric acid (8), isorhapontigenin (9)、resveratrol (10)、gnetol (11)、gnetupendin B (12)、daucosterol (13)、shegansu B (14)、(-)-ε-viniferin (15)、gnetulin (16)、gnetin D (17)、gnetuhainin M (18)、isorhapontigenin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (19)、isorhapontigenin-12-O-β-D-glucoside (20) . Gnetumontanin A is the first oligostilbene dimerized by two oxyresveratrol units with dihydrobenofuran ring; gnetumontanin B is a new stilbene trimer polymerized by two oxyresveratrol and one resveratrol units with two dihydrobenofuran rings; gnetumontanin C is a new stilbenoid with a novel skeleton including aδ-lactone portion and gnetumontanin D is a glucoside of it.
From the lianas of G. hainansene, some oligostilbenes polymerized by different monomer were obtained, in order to study biomimetic synthesis and seek for more leading compounds, oxidative coupling reaction were performed by the different bioactive monomer resveratrol and isorhapontigenin. After separation and purification, 9 compounds were obtained and 8 of them were new. The structures were determined as: Fe-2,ε-viniferin, a known compound, is a dimer of resveratrol. Fe-3 and Fe-4 are both new dimers of resveratrol and isorhapontigenin. Fe-5, Fe-7, Fe-8, Fe-9 are new trimers polymerized by isorhapontigenin and resveratrol units. Fe-6 is a new symmetrical dimer of isorhapontigenin. Fe-3～Fe-10 are all new compounds. The structure of Fe-7 has the ampelopsinic skeleton, and the structures of Fe-8～Fe-10 has two dihydrobenzofuran rings with symmetry. These skeletons were reported for the first time in the biomimetic synthesis.
From the literatures, prenyl group is reported to be a group with muti-faceted bioactivity, in order to polymerize oligomeric stilbenes with prenylated groups, a series of prenylated stilbene monomers were semi-synthesized from resveratrol and isorhapontigenin respectively. Under the basic conditions, prenyl group was inducted to the structure of resveratrol, and a series of prenylated derivatives were obtained. After isolation by silica gel column chromatography, 12 compounds were determined, among them, 11 were new and 1 was a known naturally occurring compound. The regular of prenyl group induction to resveratrol was concluded. Catalyzed by Lewis acid, prenyl group was inducted to the structure of isorhapontigenin. Alter separation, 3 new compounds were determined. Polymerization experiment of the high-yielded compound was executed to obtain 2 stilbene dimers with two prenyle groups.
In order to evaluate the Structure-Activity relationship, a series of shegansu B derivatives were semi-synthesized.
Meanwhile, a comprehensive investigation on formic acid catalyzed polymerization of oligostilbene was studied. A special reaction losing two substituted benzene rings and a methoxyl group successively during Diels-Alder reaction was found.
32 compounds were produced by the biomimetic experiment.
For the obtained naturally occurring and semi-synthesized oligostilbenes (including the intermediate compounds), the pharmacological activities were evaluated on anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV and anti-tumour activities, respectively and valuable experimental data were obtained about the Structure-Activity relationship.
引文
1 Huang KS, Lin M & Wang YH. Synthesis of Amurcnsin H, a new resvcratrol dimcr from the roots of Vitis amurensis. Chin Chain Lett, 1999, 10(10): 817-820.
2 Holscher D & Schneider B. A resveratrol dimer from Anigozanthos preissii and Musa cavendish. Phytochemistry, 1996, 43(2): 471-473.
3 Breuil AC, Adrian M, Pirio N, et al. Metabolism of stilbene phytoalexins by botrytis cinerea: 1. Characterization of a resveratrol dehydrodimer. Tetrahedron Lett, 1998, 39: 537-540.
4 Langcake P & Pryce RJ. A new class of phytoalexins from grapevines. Experientia, 1977, 15(2): 151-152.
5 Li WW, Li SD, Li BG, et al. Oligostilbenes from Vitis heyneana. Phytochemitry, 1996, 42(4): 1163-1165.
6 Lins AP, Ribeiro MNDS, Gottlieb OR, et al. Gnetins: resveratrol oligomers from Gnetum species. J Nat Prod, 1982, 45(6): 754-761.
7 Shikishima Y, Takishi Y, Honda G, Ito M, Takeda Y, Kodzhimatov OK, Ashurmetov O. Phenylbutanoids and stilbene derivatives of Rheum maximowiczii. Phytochemistry, 2001, 56:377-381.
8 Huang KS, Lin M & Wang YH. Synthesis of Amurensin H, a new resveratrol dimer from the roots of Vitis amurensis. Chin Chem Lett, 1999, 10(10): 817-820.
9 Li WW, Li BG, Chen YZ. Oligostilbenes from Vitis betulifolia. Phytochemistry, 1998, 49(5): 1393-1394.
10 Cichewicz RH, Kouzi SA & Hamann MT. Dimerization of resveratrol by the grapevine pathogen Botrytis cinerea. J Nat Prod, 2000, 63: 29-33.
11 Lins AP, Felicio JD, Braggio MM, et al. A resveratrol dimer from Parthenocissus tricuspidata. Phytochemistry, 1991, 30(9): 3144-3146.
12 Oshima Y, Kamijou A, Ohizumi Y, et al. Novel oligostilbenes from Vitis coignetiae. Tetrahedron, 1995, 51(44): 11979-11986.
13 Luo, H.F.; Zhang, L.P.; Hu, C.Q. Five novel oligostilbenes from the roots of Caragana sinica. Tetrahedron, 2001, 57: 4849-4854.
14 Pryce RJ & Langcake P. α-viniferin: an antifungal resveratrol trimer from grapevines. Phytochemistry, 1977, 16: 1452-1454.
15 Tanaka T, Ito T, linuma M, et al. Stilbene oligomers in roots ofSophora davidii. Phytochemistry, 2000, 53: 1009-1014.
16 Kulanthaivel P, Hanzen WP, Bailas LM, et al. Naturally occurring protein kinase C inhibitors; Ⅱ. Isolation of oligomeric stilbenes from Caragana sinica. Planta Medica, 1995, 61:41-44.
17 Huang KS, Lin M, Yu LN, et al. Four novel oligostilbenes from the roots of Vitis amurensis. Tetrahedron, 2000, 56(10): 1321-1329.
18 Boralle N, Gottlieb HE, Gottlieb OR, et al. Oligostilbenoids from Gnetum venosum. Phytochemistry, 1993, 34(5): 1403-1407.
19 Ducrot PH, Kollmann A, Bala AE, et al. Cyphostemmins A-B, two new antifungal oligostilbenes from Cyphostemma crotalarioides (Vitaceae). Tetrahedron Lett, 1998, 39: 9655-9658.
20 Oshima Y & Ueno Y. Ampelopsin D, E, H and cis-ampelopsin E, oligostilbenes from Ampelopsis brevipedunculata var. Hancei roots. Phytochemistry, 1993, 33(1): 179-182.
21 Huang KS & Lin M. Oligostilbenes from the roots of Vitis amurensis. J Asia Nat Prod Rep, 1999, 2: 21-28.
22 Iliya, I.; Ali, Z.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Furusawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Stilbene derivatives from Gnetum gnemon Linn. Phytochemistry, 2003, 62: 601-606.
23 Suzuki K, Shimizu T, Kawabata J, et al. New 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene (resveratrol) oligomers from Carex fedia Nees var. miyabei(Franchet) T. Koyama (Cyperaceae). Agri Biol Chem, 1987, 51(4): 1003-1008.
24 Kurihara H, Kawabata J, Ichikawa S, et al. (-)-ε-Viniferin and related oligostilbenes from Carex pumila Thunb. (Cyperaceae). Agri Biol Chem, 1990, 54(4): 1097-1099.
25 Kawabata J, Ichikawa S, Kurihara H, et al. Kobophenol A, a unique tetrastilbene from Carex kobomugi Ohwi (Cyperaceae). Tetrahedron Lett, 1989, 30(29): 3785-3788.
26 Tanaka T, Iinuma M & Murata H. Stilbene derivatives in the stem of Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Phytochemistry, 1998, 48(6): 1045-1049.
27 Ohyama M, Tanaka T & linuma M. Five resveratrol oligomers from roots of Sophora leachiana. Phytochemistry, 1995, 38(3): 733-740.
28 Ohyama M, Tanaka T, Iinuma M, et al. Phenolic compounds isolated from the roots of Sophora stenophylla. Chem Pharm Bull, 1998, 46(4): 663-668.
29 Sultanbawa MUS, Surendrakumar S & Bladon P. Distichol, an antibacterial polyphenol from Shorea disticha. Phytochemistry, 1987, 26(3): 799-801.
30 Bokel M, Diyasena MNC, Gunatilaka AAL, et al. Canaliculatol, an antifungal resveratrol trimer from Stemonoporous canaliculatus. Phytochemistry, 1988, 27(2): 377-380.
31 Oshima Y, Ueno Y, Hisamichi K, et al. Ampelopsins F and G, novel bridged plant oligostilbenes from Ampelopsis brevipedunculata var. Hancei roots (Vitaceae). Tetrahedron, 1993, 49(26): 5801-5804.
32 Sarker SD, Whiting P & Dinan L. Identification and ecdysteroid antagonist activity of three resveratrol trimers (Suffruticosols A, B and C) from Paeonia suffruticosa. Tetrahedron, 1999, 55: 513-524.
33 Huang KS. (1999) The anti-inflammatory naturally occurring oligostilbenbes from the roots of Vitis amurensis and the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Perking Union Medical College.
34 Ito J, Takaya Y, Oshima Y, et al. New oligostilbenes having a benzofuran from Vitis vinifera 'Kyohou'. Tetrahedron, 1999, 55: 2529-2544.
35 Ito J & Niwa M. Absolute structures of new hydroxystilbenoids, Vitisin C and Viniferal, from Vitis vinifera 'Kyohou'. Tetrahedron, 1996, 52(30): 9991-9998,
36 Iliya, I.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Ali, Z.; Furasawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Shirataki, Y.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Stilbene derivatives from two species of Gnetaceae. Chem. Pharm. Bull, 2002, 50(6): 796-801.
37 Li WW, Li BG & Chen YZ. Flexuosol A, a new tetrastilbene from Vitis flexuosa. J Nat Prod, 1998, 61: 646-647.
38 Tanaka, T.; Ito, T.; Nakaya, K.I.; Iinuma, M.; Takahashi, Y.; Naganawa, H.; Riswan, S. Six new heterocycles stilbene oligomers from stem bark of Shorea hemsleyana. Heterocycles, 2001, 55(4): 729-740.
39 Sultanbawa MUS, Surendrakumar S & Wazeer MIM. Novel resvereatrol tetramer, Vaticaffinol, from Vatica affinis Thw. (Dipterocarpaceae). J C S Chem Comm, 1981, 1204-1206.
40 Sotheeswaran S, Sultanbawa MUS & Surendrakumar S. Polyphenols from Dipterocarp species. Vaticaffinol and ε-Viniferin. J C S Perkin Trans 1, 1985, 159-162.
41 Li N, Liu X, Lin M. Resveratrol tetramers from the roots of Ampelopsis sinica. Chin Chem Lett 2001, 12(10): 893-896.
42 Seo EK, Chai H, Constant HL, et al. Resveratrol tetramers from Vatica diospyroides. J Org Chem, 1999, 64: 6976-6983.
43 Yan, K.X.; Terashima, K.; Takaya, Y.; Niwa, M. A novel oligostilbene named (+)-viniferol A from the stem of Vitis vinifera 'Kyohou'. Tetrahedron, 2001, 57: 2711-2715.
44 Tanaka T, Ito T, Nakaya K, et al. Oligostilbenoids in stem bark of Vatica rassak. Phytochemistry, 2000, 54: 63-69.
45 Kawabata J, Mishima M, Kurihara H, et al. Kobophenol B, a tetrastilbene from Carex pumila. Phytochemistry, 1991,30(2): 645-647.
46 Kurihara H, Kawabata J, Ichikawa S, et al. Oligostilbenes from Carex kobomugi. Phytochemistry, 1991, 30 (2): 649-653.
47 Ohyama M, Ichise M, Tanaka T, et al. Davidioi D, first naturally occurring resveratrol pentamer isolated from Sophora davidii. Tetrahedron Lett, 1996, 37 (29): 5155-5158.
48 Adesanya SA, Nia R, Martin MT, et al. Stilbene derivatives from Cissus quadrangularis], J Nat Prod, 1999, 62: 1694-1695.
49 Khan MA, Nabi SG, Prakash S, et al. Pallidol, a resveratrol dimer from cissus pallida. Phytochemistry, 1986, 25(8): 1945-1948.
50 Tanaka T, Ohyama M, Morimoto K, et al. A resveratrol dimer from Parthenocissus tricuspidata. Phytochemistry, 1998, 48(2): 1241-1243.
51 Ohyama M, Tanaka T, Iinuma M, et al. Two novel resveratrol trimers, leachianols A and B, from Sophora leachiana. Chem Pharm Bull, 1994, 42(10): 2117-2120.
52 Samaraweera U, Sotheeswaran S & Sultanbawa MUS. Polyphenols from Stemonoporus species. Phytochemistry, 1982, 21(10): 2585-2587.
53 Sotheeswaran S, Sultanbawa MUS & Surendrakumar S. Polyphenols from Dipterocarp species. Copalliferol A and Stemonoporol. J C S Perkin Trans 1, 1983, 699-702.
54 Ohyama M, Tanaka T & linuma M. A novel stilbene tetramer, Leachianol C, isolated from Sophora leachiana. Tetrahedron Lett, 1994, 35(42): 7817-7820.
55 Oshima Y, Ueno Y, Hikino H, et al. Ampelopsins A, B and C, new oligostilbenes of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata vat. Hancei. Tetrahedron, 1990, 46(15): 5121-5126.
56 Saraswathy A, Purushothaman KK, Patra A, et al. Shoreaphenol, a polyphenol from Shorea robusta. Phytochemistry, 1992, 31(7): 2561-2562.
57 Tanaka, T.; Ito, T.; Ido, Y.; Nakaya, K.I.; linuma, M.; Chelladurai, V. Hopeafuran and C-glucosyl-resveratrol isolated from stem wood ofHopea utilis. Chem. Pharm. BulL, 2001, 49(6): 785-787.
58 Dai JR, Hailock YF, Cardellina Ⅱ JH, et al. HIV-inhibitory and cytotoxic oligostilbenes from the leaves of Hopea malibato. J Nat Prod, 1998, 61: 351-353.
59 Diyasena MNC, Sotheeswaran S & Surendrakumar S. Balanocarpol, a new polyphenol from Balanocarpus zeylanicus (Trimen) and Hopea jucunda (Thw.) (Dipterocarpaceae). J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 1, 1985, 1807-1809.
60 Tanaka T, Ito T, Ido Y, et al. Stilbenoids in the stem bark of Hopea parviflora. Phytochemistry, 2000, 53: 1015-1019.
61 Ito, T.; Tanaka, T.; Ido, Y.; Nakaya, K.I.; Iinuma, M.; Riswan, S. Stilbenoids isolated from stem bark of Shorea hemsleyana, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 2000, 48(7): 1001-1005.
62 Huang KS, Lin M, Yu LN et al. A new oligostilbene from the roots of Vitis amuresis. Chin Chem Lett, 1999, 10(9): 775-776
63 Shinoda K, Takaya Y, Ohta T, et al. Vitisins D and E, novel oligostilbenes from Vitis coignetiae stem barks[J]. Heterocycles, 1997, 46: 169-172.
64 Sultanbawa MUS & Surendrakumar S. New antibacterial polyphenol, Copalliferol A, from Vateria copallifera (Retz.) Alston (Dipterocarpaceae). J C S Chem Comm, 1980, 619-620.
65 Gunawardena YAGP, Sotheeswaran S, Sultanbawa MUS, et al. Another antibacterial polyphenol, Copalliferol B, from Vateria copallifera (Dipterocarpaceae). Phytochemistry, 1986, 25(6): 1498-1500.
66 Li WW, Chen YZ & Li BG. Oligostilbenes from Vitis species. Hecheng Huaxue, 1997增刊: 280.
67 Oshima Y, Kamijou A, Moritani H, et al. Vitisin A and cis-Vitisin A, strongly hepatotoxic plant oligostilbenes from Vitis coignetiae (Vitaceae). J Org Chem, 1993, 58: 850-853.
68 Korhammer S, Reniero F & Mattivi F. An oligostilbene from Vitis roots. Phytochemistry, 1995, 38(6): 1501-1504.
69 Coggon P, Janes NF, King FE, et al. Hopeaphenol, an extractive of the heartwood of Hopea odorata and Balanocarpus heimii. J Chem Soc, 1965, 406-409.
70 Ito J, Niwa M & Oshima Y. A new hydroxystilbene tetramer named Isohopeaphenol from Vitis vinifera 'Kyohou'. Heterocycles, 1997, 45 (9): 1809-1813.
71 Yan, K.X.; Terashima, K.; Takaya, Y.; Niwa, M. Two new stilbenetetramers from the stem of Vitis vinifera 'Kyohou'. Tetrahedron. 2002, 58:6931-6935.
72 Ito, T.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Takahashi, Y.; Sawa, R.; Naganawa, H.; Chelladural, V. Two new oligostilbenes with dthydrobenzofuran from the sstem bark of Vateria indica. Tetrahedron, 2003, 59: 1255-1264.
73 Tanaka T, Ito T, Nakaya K, et al. Vaticanol D, a novel resveratrol hexamer isolated from Vatica rassak. Tetrahedron Lett, 2000, 41: 7929-7932.
74 见本论文植物化学部分.
75 Teguo, EW.; Lee, D.; Cuendet, M., Mérrillon, J.M.; Pezzuto, J.M.; Kinghorn, A.D. Two new stilbene dimer glucosides from Grape (Vitis vinifera) cell cultures. J. Nat. Prod., 2001, 64: 136-138.
76 Iliya, I.; Tanaka, T.; Furasawa, M.; Ali, Z.; Nakaya, K.L; Iinuma, M.; Shirataki, Y.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Four new glucosides of stilbene oligomers from the stem of Gnetum gnemonoides. Heterocycles, 2001, 55(11): 2123-2130.
77 Ito, T.; Tanaka, T.; Ido, Y.; Nakaya, K.I.; Iinuma, M.; Riswan, S. Four new stilbenoid C-glucosides isolated from the stem bark of Shorea hemsleyana. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 2000, 48(12): 1959-1963.
78 Baderschneider B, Winterhalter P. Isolation and characterization of novel stilbene derivatives from Riesling wine. J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48: 2681-2686.
79 Iliya, I.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Furnsawa, M.; Ali, Z.; Nakaya, K.I.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Five stilbene glucosides from Gnetum gnemonoides and Gnetum africanum. Helv. Chim. Acta, 2002, 85: 2394-2402.
80 Huang KS, Wang YH, Li RL, et al. Stilbene dimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. Phytochemistry, 2000, 54: 875-881.
81 Zhou LX, Lin M. A new stilbene dimer-shegansu B from Belamcanda chinensis. J Asian Nat Prod, 2000, 2(3): 169-175.
82 Li XM, Lin mao, Wang Ying-hong. Stilbenoids from the lianas of Gnetum pendulum, J Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 2003. 5(2).
83 Huang KS, Wang YH, Li RL, et al. Three new stilbene trimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. Planta Medica, 2000, 67(1): 61-64.
84 Siddiqui ZS, Rahman M, Khan MA, et al. Gnetulin, a dimer of 3', 4, 5'-trihydroxy-3-methoxystitbene from Gnetum ula. Tetrahedron, 1993, 49(45): 10393-10396.
85 Lin M, Li JB, Li SZ, et al. A dimeric stilbene from Gnetum parvifolium. Phytochemistry, 2000, 31(2): 633-638.
86 Chen H, Lin M. Gnetifolin L and O, two dimeric stilbenes from Gnetum motanum. Chin Chem Lett, 1999, 10(7): 579-582.
87 Chen H, Lin M. A pair of dimeric stilbene epimers from Gnetum motanum. Chin Chem Lett, 1998, 9(11): 1013-1015.
88 Wang YH, Huang KS, Lin M. Four new stilbene dimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. J Asian Nat Prod Res, 2003, 3(3): 169-176.
89 Wang YH, Huang KS, Lin M, et al. Gnetuhainin P, a new isorhapontigenin dimer from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. Chin Chem Lett, 2000, 11(12): 1061-1062.
90 Kawazoe K, Shimogai N, Takaishi Y, et al. Four stilbenes from Salacia lehmbachii. Phytochemistry, 1997, 44(8): 1569-1573.
91 Huang KS, Zhou S, Lin M, Wang YH. An isorhapontigenin tetramer and a novel stilbene dimer from Gnetum hainanense. Planta Med., 2002, 68: 912-915.
92 Baba K, Maeda K, Taniguchi M, et al. Two stilbenoids from Cassia garrettiana. Phytochemistry, 1992, 31(9): 3215-3218.
93 Baba K, Kido T, Taniguchi M, et al. Stilbenoids from Cassia garrettiana. Phytochemisry, 1994, 36(6): 1509-1513.
94 Nakajima K, Taguchi H, Endo T, et al. he constituents of Scirpus fluviatilis(Torr.) A. Gray. I. The structures of two new hydroxystilbene dimers, Scirpusin A and B. Chem Pharm Bull, 1978, 26(10): 3050-3057.
95 Kulesh, N.I.; Isakov, V.V.; Maksimov, O.B. Dimeric stilbenes of the wood of Maackia amurensis. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii. 1992, 5: 468-476(Russian).
96 Kulesh NI, Denisenko VA,. Maksimov OB. Stilbenolignan from Maackia amurensis. Phytochemistry, 1995, 40(3): 1001-1003.
97 Baba K, Maeda K, Tabata Y, et al. Chemical studies on the heartwood of Cassia garrettiana CRAIB. III. Structures of two new polyphenolic compounds. Chem Pharm Bull, 1988, 36(8): 2977-2983.
98 Huang KS, Wang YH, Li RL, et al. Five new stilbene dimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. J Nat Prod, 2000, 63(1): 86-89.
99 Iliya, I.; Ali, Z.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Furusawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Four new stilbene oligomers in the root ofGnetum gnemon. Helv. Chim. Acta, 2002, 85: 2538-2546.
100 Li XM, Wang YH, Lin M. Gnetupendin C, a new stilbene dimer from the lianas of Gnetum pendulum. Chin Chem Left, 2001, 12(7): 611-612.
101 Tanaka, T.; Iliya, I.; Ito, T.; Furusawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Iinuma, M.; Shirataki, Y.; Matsuura, N.; Ubukata, M. Murata, J.; Simozono, F.; Hirai, K. Stilbenoids in lianas of Gnetum parvifolium. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 2001, 49(7): 858-862.
102 Iliya, I.; Ali, Z.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Furusawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Stilbenoids from the stem of Gnetum latifolium (Gnetaceae). Phytochemistry, 2002, 61: 959-961.
103 Syah, Y.M.; Achmad, S.A.; Ghisalberti, E.L.; Hakim, E.H.; Iman, M.Z.N.; Makmur, L.; Mujahiddin, D. Andalasin A, a new stilbene dimer from Morus macroura. Fitoterapia, 2000, 71: 630-635.
104 Likhitwitayawuid K, Sritularak B. A new dimeric stilbene with tyrosinase inhibitiory activity from Artocarpus gomezianus.J. Nat. Prod, 2001, 64: 1457-1459.
105 Iliya, I.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Ali, Z.; Furasawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I. Dimeric stilbenes from stem lianas of Gnetum africanum. Heterocycles, 2002, 57(6): 1057-1062.
106 Li SY, Fuchino H, Kawahara N, Sekita S, Satake M. Newphenolic constituents from Smilax bracteata. J. Nat.Prod., 2002, 65: 262-266.
107 Li XM, Wang Ying-hong, Lin mao. Stilbenoids from the lianas of Gnetum pendulum, Phytochemistry, 2001, 58: 591-594.
108 Lin, M.; Li, J.B.; Wu, B.; Zheng, Q.T. A stilbene derivative from Gnetum parvifolium. Phytochemistry, 1991, 30(12): 4201-4203.
109 Kobayashi M, Mahmud T, Yoshioka N, Hori Kazuyuki, Shibuya H, Kitagawa I. Indonesian medicinal plants. XVIII. Kompasinol A, a new stilbeno-phenylpropanoid from the bark of Koompassia malaccensis(Fabaceae). Chem. Pharm. Bull., 44(12): 2249-2253.
110 Kurihara H, Kawabata J, Ichikawa S, Mizutani J. (-)-ε-viniferin and related oligostilbenes from Carex pumila Thunb. (Cyperaceae) Agri Biol Chem 1990; 54: 1097-1099
111 Li WW, Ding LS, Li BG, Chen YZ. Oligostilbebes from Vitis heyneana. Phytochemistry 1996; 42: 1163-1165.
112 Takaya, Y.; Yan, K.X.; Terashima, K.; Ito, J.; Niwa, M. Chemical determination of the absolute structures of resveratroi dimers, ampelopsins A, B, D and F. Tetrahedron, 2002, 58: 7259-7265.
113 Takaya, Y.; Yah, K.X.; Terashima, K.; He, Y.H.; Niwa, M. Biogenetic reactions on stilbenetetramers from Vitaceaeous plants. Tetrahedron, 2002, 58: 9265-9271.
a. Li N.; Li X.M.; Huang K.S.; Lin M. Structure and distribution of oligostilbenes. Acta Pharm. Sin., 2001, 36(12): 944-950.
b. Li X.M.; Li N.; Huang K.S., Lin M. Spectral characteristics, biogenesis and biological activities of oligostilbenes. Acta Pharm. Sin., 2002, 37(1): 69-74.
c. Sotheeswaran S, Pasupathy V. Distribution of resveratrol oligomers in plants Phytochemistry, 1993, 32 (5): 1083-1092.
1 Feng, Y.B.; Wang, L.; Zhao Z.Z. Synthesis of natural products resveratrol (Ⅰ) and isorhapontigenin. Chin. Chem. Lett., 1998, 9(11): 1003-1004.
2 Zhuo，G．L_；Shen，Z．L．；Jiang，XZ．A practical synthesis ofnatural product(trails)-resvcratrol．第二界全国有机化学会·暨第一界全国化学生物学学术会议论文集 上册：374．
3 Qian, L.; Piao, Z.S.; Wang, L.; Zhao, Z.Z. An improved synthesis of the natural product isorhapontigenin. Chin. Chem. Lett., 2000, 11(3): 217-218.
4 Piao, Z.S.; Wang, L.; Zhao, Z.Z. Total synthesis of the natural product-pinosylvin and its analog. Chin. Chem. Lett., 2000, 11(8): 667-668.
5 Pettit, G.R.; Singh, S.B.; Cragg, G.M. Synthesis of natural (-)-combretastatin. J. Org. Chem., 1985, 50: 3404-3406.
6 Pettit, G.R.; Singh, S.B. Isolation, structure, and synthesis of combretastatin A-2, A-3, and B-2. Can. J. Chem., 1987, 65: 2390-2396.
7 Singh, S.B.; Pettit, G.R. Isolation, structure, and synthesis of combretastatin C-1. J. Org. Chem., 1989, 54: 4105-4114.
8 Pettit, G.R.; Rhodes, M.R. Antineoplastic agents 389. New synthesis of the combretastatin A-4 prodrug. Anti-Cancer Drug Design, 1998, 13: 183-191.
9 Gaukroger, K.; Hadfield, J.A.; Hepworth, L.A.; Lawrence, N.J.; McGown, A.T.J. Org. Chem., 2001, 66: 8135-8138.
10 Pettit, G.R.; Singh, S.B.; Boyd, M.R.; Hamel, E.; Pettit, R.K.; Schmidt, J.M.; Hogan, F. Antineoplastic agents. 291. Isolation and synthesis of combretastatins A-4, A-5, and A-6. J. Med Chem., 1995, 38(10): 1666-1672.
11 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. Ⅰ. Preparation and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect of benzofuran lignans related to schuzorenuins. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1994, 42 (12): 2500-2505.
12 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. Ⅱ. Oxidative coupling reaction of methyl (E)-3-(4, 5-dihydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl) propenoate and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects of the produced lignans. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1994, 42 (12): 2506-2513.
13 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. Ⅲ. Synthesis of polyphenolic benzofuran and coumestan derivatives by oxidative coupling reaction of methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl) propenoate and their inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1994, 42 (12): 2536-2545.
14 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. Ⅳ. Oxidative coupling reaction of methyl (E)-3-(3, 4-dihydroxy-2- methoxyphenyi) propenoate and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects of the produced lignans. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1995, 43 (1): 84-90.
15 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. Ⅴ. Oxidative coupling reaction of methyl (E)-3-(2-dihydroxyphenyl) propenoate derivatives and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects of the produced lignans. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1995, 43 (6): 935-940.
16 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. VI. Oxidation of methyl (E)-3-(4, 5-dihydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)- 2-butenoate and lipid peroxidation-inhibitory effects of the produced caffeoquinone. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1995, 43(9): 1588-1591.
17 Zhou, L. X.; Lin, M. Preparation of stilbene oligomer by oxidative coupling reaction. Acta. Pharm. Sin. 2000, 35(9), 669-674.
18 Zhou, L. X.; Lin, M. Studies on the preparation of bioactive oligomerstilbene by oxidative coupling reaction (I)-preparation of shegansu B using silver oxide as oxidant. Chin. Chem. Lett. 2000, 11(6), 515-516.
19 Huang, K. S.; Lin, M.; Wang, Y. H. Synthesis of amurensin H, a new resveratrol dimer from the roots of Vitis amurensis. Chin. Chem. Lett. 1999, 10(10), 817-820.
20 Botta, B.; Iacomacci, P.; Vinciguerra, V.; Monache, G. D.; Gacs-Baitz, E.; Botta, M.; Misiti, D. Non-oxidative dimerization of 3,4-dioxygenated cinnamates to aryltetralin lignans. Chem. Pharm. Bull 1990, 38(12), 3238-3241.
21 Kuo, Y.H.; Wu, C.H.; Wu, R.E.; Lin, S.T. Studies on acid dimerization of 3,4-dioxygenated cinnamate or 1-phenylpropene to arylindane lignans. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1995, 43(8): 1267-1271.
22 Kuo, Y.H.; Lin S.T. Studies on chromium trioxide-based oxidative coupling reagents and synthesis of ligan-cagayanone. Chem. Pham. Bull., 1993, 41(9): 1507-1512.
23 Aguirre, J. M.; Alesso, E. N.; Iglesias, G. Y. M. Structure and stereochemistry of cyclodimers obtained by acid treatment of trans-stilbenes and of N-1,2-diarylethylamides. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans.1, 1999, 1353-1358.
24 Li, X.M.; Huang, K.S.; Lin, M.; Zhou, L.X. Studies on formic acid-catalyzed dimerization of isorhapontigenin and of resveratrol to tetralines. Tetrahedron, 2003(in press).
25 Takaya, Y.; Yan, K.X.; Terashima, K.; Ito, J.; Niwa, M. Chemical determination of the absolute structures of resveratrol dimers, ampelopsins A, B, D and F. Tetrahedron, 2002, 58: 7259-7265.
26 Takaya, Y.; Yan, K.X.; Terashima, K.; He, Y.H.; Niwa, M. Biogenetic reactions on stilbenetetramers from Vitaceaeous plants. Tetrahedron, 2002, 58: 9265-9271.
27 Sarkanen, K.V.; Wallis, A.F.A. Oxidative dimerizations of (E)- and (Z)-isoeugenol (2-methoxy-4-propenylphenol) and (E)- and (Z)-2,6-dimethoxy-4-propenylphenol. J. C. S. Perkin L 1973: 1869-1878.
28 Langcake, P.; Pryce, R.J. Oxidative dimerisation of 4-hydroxystilbenes in vitro: production of a grapevine phytoalexin mimic. J. C. S. Chem. Comm., 1977: 208-210.
29 Kuo, Y.H.; Chen, L.H.; Wang, L.M. Photosensitized oxidation of isoeugenol in protic and aprotic solvents. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1991, 39(9): 2196-2200.
30 Rao, K.S.S.P.; Hubig, S.M.; Moorthy, J.N.; Kochi, J.K. Stereoselective photodimerization of (E)-stilbenes in crystalline γ-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. J. Org. Chem., 1999, 64: 8098-8104.
31 Jon, S.Y.; Ko, Y.H.; Park, S.H.; Kim, H.J.; Kim, K. A facile, stereoselective [2+2] photoreaction mediated by cucurbit[8]uril. Chem. Commun., 2001, 1938-1939.
32 Tung, C.H.; Wu, L.Z.; Yuan, Z.Y.; Su, N. Zeolites as templates for preparation of large-ring compounds: intramolecular photocycloaddition of diaryl compounds. 1998, J. Am. Chem. Sco., 1998, 120: 11594-11602.
33 Tung, C.H.; Guan, J.Q. Remarkable product selectivity in photosensitized oxidation of alkenes within nafion membranes. J. Am. Soc., 1998, 120: 11874-11879.
34 Li, H.R.; Wu, L.Z.; Tung, C.H. Reactions of singlet oxygen with olefins and sterically hindered amine in mixed surfactant vesicles. J. Am. Sot., 2000, 122: 2446-2451.
35 Cichewicz, R. H.; Kouzi, S. A.; Hamann M. T. Dimerization of resveratrol by the grapevine pathogen botrytis cinerarea. J. Nat. Prod. 2000, 63, 29-33.
36 Sartori, G.; Maggi, R.; Bigi, F.; Grandi, M. A stepwise synthesis of hydroxylated polyaryls. J. Org. Chem.. 1994, 59: 3701-3703.
37 Bell, N.V.; Bowman, W.R.; Coe, P.F.; Turner, A.T.; Whybrow, D. Synthesis of thyroxine: biomimetic studies. Can. J. Chem., 1997, 75: 873-883.
38 Marques, F.A.; Simonelli, F.; Oliveira, A.R.M.; Gohr, G.L.; Leal, P.C. Oxidative coupling of 4-substituted 2-methoxy phenols using methyltributylammonium permanganate in dichloromethane. Tetrahedron Lett., 1998, 39: 943-946.
39 Haikarainen, A.; (?), J.; (?), P.; Pajunen, A.; Mutikainen, I. Salen complexes with bulky substituents as useful tools for biomimetic phenol oxidation research. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2001, 9: 1633-1638.
40 Yoshida, T.; Toyota, M.; Asakawa, Y. Isolation, structure elucidation, and chemical derivatization of a new cyclic bisbibenzyl dimmer, pusilatin E, from the liverwort Riccardia multifida subsp, decrescens. J. Nat. Prod., 1997, 60: 145-147.
41 Demir, A.S.; Reis, (?),; Karaaslan, E. (?). Manganese (III) acetate-mediated oxidative coupling of phenylhydrazines with benzene: a novel method for biaryl coupling. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 2001: 3042-3045.
42 Thomas, N.F.; Lee, K.C.; Paraidathathu, T.; Weber, J.F.F.; Awang, K. Manganese triacetate oxidative lactonisation of electron-rich stilbenes possessing catechol and resorcinol substitution (resveratrol analogues). Tetrahedron Lett., 2002, 43: 3151-3153.
43 Guz, N.R.; Stermitz, F.R. Synthesis and structures of regioisomeric hydnocarpin-type flavonolignans. J. Nat. Prod., 2000, 63(8): 1140-1145.
44 Merlini, L.; Zanarotti, A. A biogenetically patterned synthesis of (±)-eusiderin. Tetrahedron Lett., 1975, 42: 3621-3622.
45 Karhunen, P.; Rummakko, P.; Pajunen, A.; Brunow, G. Synthesis and crystal structure determination of model compounds for the dibenzodioxocine structure occurring in wood lignins. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans, 1996, 2303-2308.
46 Bennien, L.; Malan, E.; Coetzee, J.; Ferreira, D. Strcture and synthesis of ether-linked proteracacinidin and promelacacinidin proanthocyanidins from Acacia caffra. Phytochemistry, 2000, 53: 785-793.
47 Coetzee, J.; Mciteka, L.; Malan, E.; Ferreira, D. Structure and synthesis of the first procassindin dimers based on epicatechin, and gallo-and epigallo-catechin. Pytochemistry, 2000, 53: 795-804.
48 Baesjou, P.J.; Driessen, W.L.; Challa, G.; Reedijk, J. Ab Initio calculations on 2,6-dimethylphen -ol and 4-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-2,6-dimethylphenol. Evidence of an important role for the phenoxonium cation in the copper-catalyzed oxidative phenol coupling reaction, J. Am. Soc., 1997, 119: 12590-12594.
49 (?), M.; (?); Máca, B.; (?), M.; Claxton, T.A.; Abbott, A.P.; (?), P. Selective cross-coupling of 2-naphthol and 2-naphthylamine derivatives. A facile synthesis of 2,2',3,3'-trisubstituted 1,1'-binaphthyls. J. Org. Chem., 1994, 59: 2156-2163.
50 Hovorka, M.; Závada, J. The oxidative cross-coupling of substituted 2-naphthols, part II: selectivity as a mechanistic probe. Tetrahedron, 1992, 48(43): 9517-9530.
51 Takeshi, K.; Okuyama, K.I.; Ohba, Y.; Ueda, M. New positive-type photosensitive poly(pheny- lene ether): poly(2-hydroxy-6-methylphenol-co-2,6-dimethylphenol) with diazonaphthoquinone. Chem. Lett., 1999, 393-394.
52 Simon, J.; Salzbrunn, S.; Prakash, G.K.S.; Petasis, N.A.; Olah, G.A. Regioselective conversion of arylboronic acids to phenols and subsequent coupling to symmetrical diaryl ethers. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66: 633-634.
53 Gupta, R.; Mukherjee, R. Catalytic oxidation of hindered phenols by a copper (I) complex and dioxygen. Tetrahedron Lett., 2000, 41: 7763-7767.
54 (?), S.; (?), M.; Lorenc, M;(?), I.; Brooks, R.D.; Kulagowski, J.J.; Langer, V.; Farrugia, L.J.; (?), P. Copper (II)-mediated oxidative coupling of 2-aminonaphthalene homologues. Competition between the straight dimerization and the formation of carbazoles. J. Org. Chem., 2001, 66: 1359-1365.
55 Sakamoto, T.; Yonehara, H.; Pac, C. Efficient oxidative coupling of 2-maphthols catalyzed by alumina-supported copper (II) sulfate using dioxygen as oxidant. J. Org. Chem., 1994, 59: 6859-6861.
56 Sakamoto, T.; Yonehara, H.; Pac, C. Catalyzed activity of CuSO4/Al2O3 in dehydrogenation of arenes by dioxygen. J. Org. Chem., 1997, 62: 3194-3199.
57 Majumder, P.L.; Basak, M. Novel oxidative phenol-coupling reaction with phosphomolybdic acid on silica gel support: regioselective biomimetic synthesis of dimeric phenanthrene derivatives. Tetrahedron, 1991, 47(40): 8601-8610.
58 Majumder, P.L.; Majumder, S.P.S. Dimeric phenanthrenes from the orchid Bulbophyllum reptans. Phytochemistry, 1999, 50: 891-897.
59 Takada, T.; Arisawa, M.; Gyoten, M.; Hamada, R.; Tohma, H.; Kita, Y. Oxidative biaryl coupling reaction of phenol ether derivatives using a hypervalent iodine (III) reagent, J. Org. Chem., 1998, 63: 7698-7706.
60 Eickhoff, H.; Jung, G.; Rieker, A. Oxidative phenol coupling-tyrosine dimers and libraries containing tyrosyl peptide dimers. Tetrahedron, 2001, 57: 353-364.
61 Miyagi, Y.; Banjyo, N.; Yamamura, E. The facile oxidative coupling of a hindered phenol, 2, 6-di-t-butyl-phenol, driven by N, N'-bis(ethoxy-carbnoyl)-1, 4-benzoquinone diimine; the reaction pattern traced by IH NMR spectroscopy. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn, 2002, 75: 857-858.
62 Nakamura, K.; Nishiyama, S.; Yamamura, S. Synthetic studies on vancomycin: synthesis of seco-aglucovancomycins. Tetrahedron Lett., 1995, 36(47): 8621-8624.
63 Puzari, A.; Baruah, J.B. Cobalt (II) diacetylmonoxime complex-catalysed oxidative coupling reactions of few aromatic compounds. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2000, 153: 1-6.
64 Hwang, D.R.; Chen, C.P.; Uang, B.J. Aerobic catalytic oxidative coupling of 2-naphthols and phenols by VO(acac)2. Chem. Commun., 1999, 1207-1208.
65 Chakrabarty, K.; Chawla, H.M. Cerium (IV) induced oxidative coupling of phenols in the presence and absence of hydrogen peroxide: A comparative study of product distribution. Indian J. Chem., 1993, 32B, Feb.: 266-274.
1 中国种子植物科属植物词典(修订版)科学出版社，1982，P．211。
2 Li N.; Li X.M.; Huang K.S.; Lin M. Structure and distribution of oligostilbenes. Acta Pharm. Sin., 2001, 36(12): 944-950.
3 Li X.M.; Li N.; Huang K.S.; Lin M. Spectral characteristics, biogenesis and biological activities of oligostilbenes. Acta Pharm. Sin., 2002, 37(1): 69-74.
4 Li, J.B.; Lin, M.; Li, S.Z.; Song, W.Z. Studies on the structure of gnetifolin A of Gnetum parvifolium (Warb.) C. Y. Cheng. Acre Pharm. Sin., 1991, 26(6): 437-441.
5 Chen, H.; Lin, M. Studies on the chemical, constituents of Gnetum montanum. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 1999, 30, 571-573.
6 Zhou, L.X., Lin, M. A new stilbene dimer-shegansu B from Belamcanda chinensis. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 2000, 2, 169-175.
7 Siddiqui, Z.S.; Rahman, M.; Khan, M.A.; Zaman, A., Lavaud, C.; Massiot, G.; Nuzillard, J.M.; Connolly, J.D.; Rycroft, D.S. Gnetulin, a dimer of 3', 4, 5'-trihydroxy-3-methoxystilbene from Gnetum ula. Tetrahedron, 1993, 49: 10393-10396.
8 Lins, A.P.; Ribeiro, M.N.D.S.; Gottlieb, O.R.; Gottlieb, H.E. Gnetins: resveratrol oligomers from Gnetum species. J. Nat. Prod., 1982, 45, 754-761.
9 Andrews, D.H., Hoffrnan, J.C., Purves, C.B. Isolation, structure, and synthesis of a stilbene glucoside from the bark of Picea glauca (Moench) Voss. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 1968, 46, 2525-2529.
1 Lin, M., Li, J.B., Li, S.Z., Yu, D.Q., Liang, X.T. A dimeric stilbene from.Gnetum parvifolium. Phytochemistry, 1992, 31(2): 633-638.
2 黄酮体化合物鉴定手册 中国科学院上海药物研究所植物化学研究室 编译 科学出版社，1981，627。
3 Harbome J.B. The Flavonoids: Advances in Research. Pp.60.
4 Wang, Z.M., Liang, X.T., Chen, S.F. The revised structure of gnetifolin A. Chin Chem Lett., 1995, 6(8), 683-686.
5 王长岱，陈驹 长春七化学成分研究再报 1986，植物学报，28(2)，192-195。
6 Wang, Z. J., Zhao, Y.Y., Wang, B., Ai, T.M., Chen, Y.Y. Depsides from Prunella vulgaris. Chin Chem Lett, 2000, 11(11), 997-1000.
7 Li, J.B.; Lin, M.; Li, S.Z.; Song, W.Z. Studies on the structure of gnetifolin A of Gnetum parvifolium (Warb.) C. Y. Cheng. Acta Pharm. Sin., 1991, 26(6): 437-441.
8 Zaman, A., Prakash S., Wizarat, K. Isolation and structure of gnetoi, a novel stilbene from Gnetum ula. lndian Journal of Chemistry, 1983, 22B, February, 101-104.
9 Li, X.M., Wang, Y.H., Lin, M. Stilbenoids from the lianas of Gnetum pendulum, Phytochemistry, 2001, 58, 591-594.
10 Chen, H.; Lin, M. Studies on the chemical constituents of Gnetum montanum. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 1999, 30, 571-573.
11 Zhou, L.X., Lin, M. A new stilbene dimer-shegansu B from Belamcanda chinensis. J Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 2000, 2, 169-175.
12 Langcake, P.; Pryce, R.J. A new class of phytoalexins from grapevines. Experientia, 1977, 15(2): 151-152.
13 Siddiqui, Z.S.; Rahman, M.; Khan, M.A.; Zaman, A., Lavaud, C.; Massiot, G.; Nuzillard, J.M.; Connolly, J.D.; Rycroft, D.S. Gnetulin, a dimer of 3', 4, 5'-trihydroxy-3-methoxystilbene from Gnetum ula. Tetrahedron, 1993, 49: 10393-10396.
14 Lins, A.P.; Ribeiro, M.N.D.S.; Gottlieb, O.R.; Gottlieb, H.E. Gnetins: resveratrol oligomers from Gnetum species. J. Nat. Prod., 1982, 45, 754-761.
15 Huang, K.S., Li, R.L., Wang, Y.H., Lin, M. Three new stilbene trimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense Planta Medica 2001, 67(1): 61-64.
16 Andrews, D.H., Hoffman, J.C., Purves, C.B. Isolation, structure, and synthesis of a stilbene glucoside from the bark of Picea glauca (Moench) Voss. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 1968, 46, 2525-2529.
17 Lin, M.; Li, J.B.; Yu, D.Q.; Liang, X.T. A dimeric stilbene from Gnetum parvifolium. Phytochemistry, 1992, 31(2): 633-638.
18 植物药有效成分手册 国家医药管理局中草药情报中心站 编 人民卫生出版社pp．65-66。
1 王庆利 几种天然化合物的神经保护作用及其作用机理研究，2002，博士论文，P4-5．
2 Jang M, Cai L, Udeani GO et al, Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratroi, a natural product derived from grapes. Science, 1997; 275(5297): 218-220.
3 Wang YH, Huang KS, Lin M. Four new stilbene dimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. J Asian Nat Prod Res, 2003, 3(3): 169-176.
4 黄开胜 山葡萄根和海南买麻藤茎中抗炎低聚芪类化合物的研究及活性低聚芪的仿生合成，2000，博士论文，P24．
5 Xiao, L.; Tan, W.E; Li, Y.L. First total synthesis of (±) kenusanone B. Syn. Comm., 1998, 28(15): 2861-2869.
6 Glusenkamp, K. H.; Buchi, G. Prenylation of phenols promoted by aluminum oxide surfaces. J. Org. Chem., 1986, 51: 4481-4483.
2 Holscher D & Schneider B. A resveratrol dimer from Anigozanthos preissii and Musa cavendish. Phytochemistry, 1996, 43(2): 471-473.
3 Breuil AC, Adrian M, Pirio N, et al. Metabolism of stilbene phytoalexins by botrytis cinerea: 1. Characterization of a resveratrol dehydrodimer. Tetrahedron Lett, 1998, 39: 537-540.
4 Langcake P & Pryce RJ. A new class of phytoalexins from grapevines. Experientia, 1977, 15(2): 151-152.
5 Li WW, Li SD, Li BG, et al. Oligostilbenes from Vitis heyneana. Phytochemitry, 1996, 42(4): 1163-1165.
6 Lins AP, Ribeiro MNDS, Gottlieb OR, et al. Gnetins: resveratrol oligomers from Gnetum species. J Nat Prod, 1982, 45(6): 754-761.
7 Shikishima Y, Takishi Y, Honda G, Ito M, Takeda Y, Kodzhimatov OK, Ashurmetov O. Phenylbutanoids and stilbene derivatives of Rheum maximowiczii. Phytochemistry, 2001, 56:377-381.
8 Huang KS, Lin M & Wang YH. Synthesis of Amurensin H, a new resveratrol dimer from the roots of Vitis amurensis. Chin Chem Lett, 1999, 10(10): 817-820.
9 Li WW, Li BG, Chen YZ. Oligostilbenes from Vitis betulifolia. Phytochemistry, 1998, 49(5): 1393-1394.
10 Cichewicz RH, Kouzi SA & Hamann MT. Dimerization of resveratrol by the grapevine pathogen Botrytis cinerea. J Nat Prod, 2000, 63: 29-33.
11 Lins AP, Felicio JD, Braggio MM, et al. A resveratrol dimer from Parthenocissus tricuspidata. Phytochemistry, 1991, 30(9): 3144-3146.
12 Oshima Y, Kamijou A, Ohizumi Y, et al. Novel oligostilbenes from Vitis coignetiae. Tetrahedron, 1995, 51(44): 11979-11986.
13 Luo, H.F.; Zhang, L.P.; Hu, C.Q. Five novel oligostilbenes from the roots of Caragana sinica. Tetrahedron, 2001, 57: 4849-4854.
14 Pryce RJ & Langcake P. α-viniferin: an antifungal resveratrol trimer from grapevines. Phytochemistry, 1977, 16: 1452-1454.
15 Tanaka T, Ito T, linuma M, et al. Stilbene oligomers in roots ofSophora davidii. Phytochemistry, 2000, 53: 1009-1014.
16 Kulanthaivel P, Hanzen WP, Bailas LM, et al. Naturally occurring protein kinase C inhibitors; Ⅱ. Isolation of oligomeric stilbenes from Caragana sinica. Planta Medica, 1995, 61:41-44.
17 Huang KS, Lin M, Yu LN, et al. Four novel oligostilbenes from the roots of Vitis amurensis. Tetrahedron, 2000, 56(10): 1321-1329.
18 Boralle N, Gottlieb HE, Gottlieb OR, et al. Oligostilbenoids from Gnetum venosum. Phytochemistry, 1993, 34(5): 1403-1407.
19 Ducrot PH, Kollmann A, Bala AE, et al. Cyphostemmins A-B, two new antifungal oligostilbenes from Cyphostemma crotalarioides (Vitaceae). Tetrahedron Lett, 1998, 39: 9655-9658.
20 Oshima Y & Ueno Y. Ampelopsin D, E, H and cis-ampelopsin E, oligostilbenes from Ampelopsis brevipedunculata var. Hancei roots. Phytochemistry, 1993, 33(1): 179-182.
21 Huang KS & Lin M. Oligostilbenes from the roots of Vitis amurensis. J Asia Nat Prod Rep, 1999, 2: 21-28.
22 Iliya, I.; Ali, Z.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Furusawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Stilbene derivatives from Gnetum gnemon Linn. Phytochemistry, 2003, 62: 601-606.
23 Suzuki K, Shimizu T, Kawabata J, et al. New 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene (resveratrol) oligomers from Carex fedia Nees var. miyabei(Franchet) T. Koyama (Cyperaceae). Agri Biol Chem, 1987, 51(4): 1003-1008.
24 Kurihara H, Kawabata J, Ichikawa S, et al. (-)-ε-Viniferin and related oligostilbenes from Carex pumila Thunb. (Cyperaceae). Agri Biol Chem, 1990, 54(4): 1097-1099.
25 Kawabata J, Ichikawa S, Kurihara H, et al. Kobophenol A, a unique tetrastilbene from Carex kobomugi Ohwi (Cyperaceae). Tetrahedron Lett, 1989, 30(29): 3785-3788.
26 Tanaka T, Iinuma M & Murata H. Stilbene derivatives in the stem of Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Phytochemistry, 1998, 48(6): 1045-1049.
27 Ohyama M, Tanaka T & linuma M. Five resveratrol oligomers from roots of Sophora leachiana. Phytochemistry, 1995, 38(3): 733-740.
28 Ohyama M, Tanaka T, Iinuma M, et al. Phenolic compounds isolated from the roots of Sophora stenophylla. Chem Pharm Bull, 1998, 46(4): 663-668.
29 Sultanbawa MUS, Surendrakumar S & Bladon P. Distichol, an antibacterial polyphenol from Shorea disticha. Phytochemistry, 1987, 26(3): 799-801.
30 Bokel M, Diyasena MNC, Gunatilaka AAL, et al. Canaliculatol, an antifungal resveratrol trimer from Stemonoporous canaliculatus. Phytochemistry, 1988, 27(2): 377-380.
31 Oshima Y, Ueno Y, Hisamichi K, et al. Ampelopsins F and G, novel bridged plant oligostilbenes from Ampelopsis brevipedunculata var. Hancei roots (Vitaceae). Tetrahedron, 1993, 49(26): 5801-5804.
32 Sarker SD, Whiting P & Dinan L. Identification and ecdysteroid antagonist activity of three resveratrol trimers (Suffruticosols A, B and C) from Paeonia suffruticosa. Tetrahedron, 1999, 55: 513-524.
33 Huang KS. (1999) The anti-inflammatory naturally occurring oligostilbenbes from the roots of Vitis amurensis and the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Perking Union Medical College.
34 Ito J, Takaya Y, Oshima Y, et al. New oligostilbenes having a benzofuran from Vitis vinifera 'Kyohou'. Tetrahedron, 1999, 55: 2529-2544.
35 Ito J & Niwa M. Absolute structures of new hydroxystilbenoids, Vitisin C and Viniferal, from Vitis vinifera 'Kyohou'. Tetrahedron, 1996, 52(30): 9991-9998,
36 Iliya, I.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Ali, Z.; Furasawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Shirataki, Y.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Stilbene derivatives from two species of Gnetaceae. Chem. Pharm. Bull, 2002, 50(6): 796-801.
37 Li WW, Li BG & Chen YZ. Flexuosol A, a new tetrastilbene from Vitis flexuosa. J Nat Prod, 1998, 61: 646-647.
38 Tanaka, T.; Ito, T.; Nakaya, K.I.; Iinuma, M.; Takahashi, Y.; Naganawa, H.; Riswan, S. Six new heterocycles stilbene oligomers from stem bark of Shorea hemsleyana. Heterocycles, 2001, 55(4): 729-740.
39 Sultanbawa MUS, Surendrakumar S & Wazeer MIM. Novel resvereatrol tetramer, Vaticaffinol, from Vatica affinis Thw. (Dipterocarpaceae). J C S Chem Comm, 1981, 1204-1206.
40 Sotheeswaran S, Sultanbawa MUS & Surendrakumar S. Polyphenols from Dipterocarp species. Vaticaffinol and ε-Viniferin. J C S Perkin Trans 1, 1985, 159-162.
41 Li N, Liu X, Lin M. Resveratrol tetramers from the roots of Ampelopsis sinica. Chin Chem Lett 2001, 12(10): 893-896.
42 Seo EK, Chai H, Constant HL, et al. Resveratrol tetramers from Vatica diospyroides. J Org Chem, 1999, 64: 6976-6983.
43 Yan, K.X.; Terashima, K.; Takaya, Y.; Niwa, M. A novel oligostilbene named (+)-viniferol A from the stem of Vitis vinifera 'Kyohou'. Tetrahedron, 2001, 57: 2711-2715.
44 Tanaka T, Ito T, Nakaya K, et al. Oligostilbenoids in stem bark of Vatica rassak. Phytochemistry, 2000, 54: 63-69.
45 Kawabata J, Mishima M, Kurihara H, et al. Kobophenol B, a tetrastilbene from Carex pumila. Phytochemistry, 1991,30(2): 645-647.
46 Kurihara H, Kawabata J, Ichikawa S, et al. Oligostilbenes from Carex kobomugi. Phytochemistry, 1991, 30 (2): 649-653.
47 Ohyama M, Ichise M, Tanaka T, et al. Davidioi D, first naturally occurring resveratrol pentamer isolated from Sophora davidii. Tetrahedron Lett, 1996, 37 (29): 5155-5158.
48 Adesanya SA, Nia R, Martin MT, et al. Stilbene derivatives from Cissus quadrangularis], J Nat Prod, 1999, 62: 1694-1695.
49 Khan MA, Nabi SG, Prakash S, et al. Pallidol, a resveratrol dimer from cissus pallida. Phytochemistry, 1986, 25(8): 1945-1948.
50 Tanaka T, Ohyama M, Morimoto K, et al. A resveratrol dimer from Parthenocissus tricuspidata. Phytochemistry, 1998, 48(2): 1241-1243.
51 Ohyama M, Tanaka T, Iinuma M, et al. Two novel resveratrol trimers, leachianols A and B, from Sophora leachiana. Chem Pharm Bull, 1994, 42(10): 2117-2120.
52 Samaraweera U, Sotheeswaran S & Sultanbawa MUS. Polyphenols from Stemonoporus species. Phytochemistry, 1982, 21(10): 2585-2587.
53 Sotheeswaran S, Sultanbawa MUS & Surendrakumar S. Polyphenols from Dipterocarp species. Copalliferol A and Stemonoporol. J C S Perkin Trans 1, 1983, 699-702.
54 Ohyama M, Tanaka T & linuma M. A novel stilbene tetramer, Leachianol C, isolated from Sophora leachiana. Tetrahedron Lett, 1994, 35(42): 7817-7820.
55 Oshima Y, Ueno Y, Hikino H, et al. Ampelopsins A, B and C, new oligostilbenes of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata vat. Hancei. Tetrahedron, 1990, 46(15): 5121-5126.
56 Saraswathy A, Purushothaman KK, Patra A, et al. Shoreaphenol, a polyphenol from Shorea robusta. Phytochemistry, 1992, 31(7): 2561-2562.
57 Tanaka, T.; Ito, T.; Ido, Y.; Nakaya, K.I.; linuma, M.; Chelladurai, V. Hopeafuran and C-glucosyl-resveratrol isolated from stem wood ofHopea utilis. Chem. Pharm. BulL, 2001, 49(6): 785-787.
58 Dai JR, Hailock YF, Cardellina Ⅱ JH, et al. HIV-inhibitory and cytotoxic oligostilbenes from the leaves of Hopea malibato. J Nat Prod, 1998, 61: 351-353.
59 Diyasena MNC, Sotheeswaran S & Surendrakumar S. Balanocarpol, a new polyphenol from Balanocarpus zeylanicus (Trimen) and Hopea jucunda (Thw.) (Dipterocarpaceae). J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 1, 1985, 1807-1809.
60 Tanaka T, Ito T, Ido Y, et al. Stilbenoids in the stem bark of Hopea parviflora. Phytochemistry, 2000, 53: 1015-1019.
61 Ito, T.; Tanaka, T.; Ido, Y.; Nakaya, K.I.; Iinuma, M.; Riswan, S. Stilbenoids isolated from stem bark of Shorea hemsleyana, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 2000, 48(7): 1001-1005.
62 Huang KS, Lin M, Yu LN et al. A new oligostilbene from the roots of Vitis amuresis. Chin Chem Lett, 1999, 10(9): 775-776
63 Shinoda K, Takaya Y, Ohta T, et al. Vitisins D and E, novel oligostilbenes from Vitis coignetiae stem barks[J]. Heterocycles, 1997, 46: 169-172.
64 Sultanbawa MUS & Surendrakumar S. New antibacterial polyphenol, Copalliferol A, from Vateria copallifera (Retz.) Alston (Dipterocarpaceae). J C S Chem Comm, 1980, 619-620.
65 Gunawardena YAGP, Sotheeswaran S, Sultanbawa MUS, et al. Another antibacterial polyphenol, Copalliferol B, from Vateria copallifera (Dipterocarpaceae). Phytochemistry, 1986, 25(6): 1498-1500.
66 Li WW, Chen YZ & Li BG. Oligostilbenes from Vitis species. Hecheng Huaxue, 1997增刊: 280.
67 Oshima Y, Kamijou A, Moritani H, et al. Vitisin A and cis-Vitisin A, strongly hepatotoxic plant oligostilbenes from Vitis coignetiae (Vitaceae). J Org Chem, 1993, 58: 850-853.
68 Korhammer S, Reniero F & Mattivi F. An oligostilbene from Vitis roots. Phytochemistry, 1995, 38(6): 1501-1504.
69 Coggon P, Janes NF, King FE, et al. Hopeaphenol, an extractive of the heartwood of Hopea odorata and Balanocarpus heimii. J Chem Soc, 1965, 406-409.
70 Ito J, Niwa M & Oshima Y. A new hydroxystilbene tetramer named Isohopeaphenol from Vitis vinifera 'Kyohou'. Heterocycles, 1997, 45 (9): 1809-1813.
71 Yan, K.X.; Terashima, K.; Takaya, Y.; Niwa, M. Two new stilbenetetramers from the stem of Vitis vinifera 'Kyohou'. Tetrahedron. 2002, 58:6931-6935.
72 Ito, T.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Takahashi, Y.; Sawa, R.; Naganawa, H.; Chelladural, V. Two new oligostilbenes with dthydrobenzofuran from the sstem bark of Vateria indica. Tetrahedron, 2003, 59: 1255-1264.
73 Tanaka T, Ito T, Nakaya K, et al. Vaticanol D, a novel resveratrol hexamer isolated from Vatica rassak. Tetrahedron Lett, 2000, 41: 7929-7932.
74 见本论文植物化学部分.
75 Teguo, EW.; Lee, D.; Cuendet, M., Mérrillon, J.M.; Pezzuto, J.M.; Kinghorn, A.D. Two new stilbene dimer glucosides from Grape (Vitis vinifera) cell cultures. J. Nat. Prod., 2001, 64: 136-138.
76 Iliya, I.; Tanaka, T.; Furasawa, M.; Ali, Z.; Nakaya, K.L; Iinuma, M.; Shirataki, Y.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Four new glucosides of stilbene oligomers from the stem of Gnetum gnemonoides. Heterocycles, 2001, 55(11): 2123-2130.
77 Ito, T.; Tanaka, T.; Ido, Y.; Nakaya, K.I.; Iinuma, M.; Riswan, S. Four new stilbenoid C-glucosides isolated from the stem bark of Shorea hemsleyana. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 2000, 48(12): 1959-1963.
78 Baderschneider B, Winterhalter P. Isolation and characterization of novel stilbene derivatives from Riesling wine. J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48: 2681-2686.
79 Iliya, I.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Furnsawa, M.; Ali, Z.; Nakaya, K.I.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Five stilbene glucosides from Gnetum gnemonoides and Gnetum africanum. Helv. Chim. Acta, 2002, 85: 2394-2402.
80 Huang KS, Wang YH, Li RL, et al. Stilbene dimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. Phytochemistry, 2000, 54: 875-881.
81 Zhou LX, Lin M. A new stilbene dimer-shegansu B from Belamcanda chinensis. J Asian Nat Prod, 2000, 2(3): 169-175.
82 Li XM, Lin mao, Wang Ying-hong. Stilbenoids from the lianas of Gnetum pendulum, J Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 2003. 5(2).
83 Huang KS, Wang YH, Li RL, et al. Three new stilbene trimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. Planta Medica, 2000, 67(1): 61-64.
84 Siddiqui ZS, Rahman M, Khan MA, et al. Gnetulin, a dimer of 3', 4, 5'-trihydroxy-3-methoxystitbene from Gnetum ula. Tetrahedron, 1993, 49(45): 10393-10396.
85 Lin M, Li JB, Li SZ, et al. A dimeric stilbene from Gnetum parvifolium. Phytochemistry, 2000, 31(2): 633-638.
86 Chen H, Lin M. Gnetifolin L and O, two dimeric stilbenes from Gnetum motanum. Chin Chem Lett, 1999, 10(7): 579-582.
87 Chen H, Lin M. A pair of dimeric stilbene epimers from Gnetum motanum. Chin Chem Lett, 1998, 9(11): 1013-1015.
88 Wang YH, Huang KS, Lin M. Four new stilbene dimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. J Asian Nat Prod Res, 2003, 3(3): 169-176.
89 Wang YH, Huang KS, Lin M, et al. Gnetuhainin P, a new isorhapontigenin dimer from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. Chin Chem Lett, 2000, 11(12): 1061-1062.
90 Kawazoe K, Shimogai N, Takaishi Y, et al. Four stilbenes from Salacia lehmbachii. Phytochemistry, 1997, 44(8): 1569-1573.
91 Huang KS, Zhou S, Lin M, Wang YH. An isorhapontigenin tetramer and a novel stilbene dimer from Gnetum hainanense. Planta Med., 2002, 68: 912-915.
92 Baba K, Maeda K, Taniguchi M, et al. Two stilbenoids from Cassia garrettiana. Phytochemistry, 1992, 31(9): 3215-3218.
93 Baba K, Kido T, Taniguchi M, et al. Stilbenoids from Cassia garrettiana. Phytochemisry, 1994, 36(6): 1509-1513.
94 Nakajima K, Taguchi H, Endo T, et al. he constituents of Scirpus fluviatilis(Torr.) A. Gray. I. The structures of two new hydroxystilbene dimers, Scirpusin A and B. Chem Pharm Bull, 1978, 26(10): 3050-3057.
95 Kulesh, N.I.; Isakov, V.V.; Maksimov, O.B. Dimeric stilbenes of the wood of Maackia amurensis. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii. 1992, 5: 468-476(Russian).
96 Kulesh NI, Denisenko VA,. Maksimov OB. Stilbenolignan from Maackia amurensis. Phytochemistry, 1995, 40(3): 1001-1003.
97 Baba K, Maeda K, Tabata Y, et al. Chemical studies on the heartwood of Cassia garrettiana CRAIB. III. Structures of two new polyphenolic compounds. Chem Pharm Bull, 1988, 36(8): 2977-2983.
98 Huang KS, Wang YH, Li RL, et al. Five new stilbene dimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. J Nat Prod, 2000, 63(1): 86-89.
99 Iliya, I.; Ali, Z.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Furusawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Four new stilbene oligomers in the root ofGnetum gnemon. Helv. Chim. Acta, 2002, 85: 2538-2546.
100 Li XM, Wang YH, Lin M. Gnetupendin C, a new stilbene dimer from the lianas of Gnetum pendulum. Chin Chem Left, 2001, 12(7): 611-612.
101 Tanaka, T.; Iliya, I.; Ito, T.; Furusawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Iinuma, M.; Shirataki, Y.; Matsuura, N.; Ubukata, M. Murata, J.; Simozono, F.; Hirai, K. Stilbenoids in lianas of Gnetum parvifolium. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 2001, 49(7): 858-862.
102 Iliya, I.; Ali, Z.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Furusawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I.; Murata, J.; Darnaedi, D. Stilbenoids from the stem of Gnetum latifolium (Gnetaceae). Phytochemistry, 2002, 61: 959-961.
103 Syah, Y.M.; Achmad, S.A.; Ghisalberti, E.L.; Hakim, E.H.; Iman, M.Z.N.; Makmur, L.; Mujahiddin, D. Andalasin A, a new stilbene dimer from Morus macroura. Fitoterapia, 2000, 71: 630-635.
104 Likhitwitayawuid K, Sritularak B. A new dimeric stilbene with tyrosinase inhibitiory activity from Artocarpus gomezianus.J. Nat. Prod, 2001, 64: 1457-1459.
105 Iliya, I.; Tanaka, T.; Iinuma, M.; Ali, Z.; Furasawa, M.; Nakaya, K.I. Dimeric stilbenes from stem lianas of Gnetum africanum. Heterocycles, 2002, 57(6): 1057-1062.
106 Li SY, Fuchino H, Kawahara N, Sekita S, Satake M. Newphenolic constituents from Smilax bracteata. J. Nat.Prod., 2002, 65: 262-266.
107 Li XM, Wang Ying-hong, Lin mao. Stilbenoids from the lianas of Gnetum pendulum, Phytochemistry, 2001, 58: 591-594.
108 Lin, M.; Li, J.B.; Wu, B.; Zheng, Q.T. A stilbene derivative from Gnetum parvifolium. Phytochemistry, 1991, 30(12): 4201-4203.
109 Kobayashi M, Mahmud T, Yoshioka N, Hori Kazuyuki, Shibuya H, Kitagawa I. Indonesian medicinal plants. XVIII. Kompasinol A, a new stilbeno-phenylpropanoid from the bark of Koompassia malaccensis(Fabaceae). Chem. Pharm. Bull., 44(12): 2249-2253.
110 Kurihara H, Kawabata J, Ichikawa S, Mizutani J. (-)-ε-viniferin and related oligostilbenes from Carex pumila Thunb. (Cyperaceae) Agri Biol Chem 1990; 54: 1097-1099
111 Li WW, Ding LS, Li BG, Chen YZ. Oligostilbebes from Vitis heyneana. Phytochemistry 1996; 42: 1163-1165.
112 Takaya, Y.; Yan, K.X.; Terashima, K.; Ito, J.; Niwa, M. Chemical determination of the absolute structures of resveratroi dimers, ampelopsins A, B, D and F. Tetrahedron, 2002, 58: 7259-7265.
113 Takaya, Y.; Yah, K.X.; Terashima, K.; He, Y.H.; Niwa, M. Biogenetic reactions on stilbenetetramers from Vitaceaeous plants. Tetrahedron, 2002, 58: 9265-9271.
a. Li N.; Li X.M.; Huang K.S.; Lin M. Structure and distribution of oligostilbenes. Acta Pharm. Sin., 2001, 36(12): 944-950.
b. Li X.M.; Li N.; Huang K.S., Lin M. Spectral characteristics, biogenesis and biological activities of oligostilbenes. Acta Pharm. Sin., 2002, 37(1): 69-74.
c. Sotheeswaran S, Pasupathy V. Distribution of resveratrol oligomers in plants Phytochemistry, 1993, 32 (5): 1083-1092.
1 Feng, Y.B.; Wang, L.; Zhao Z.Z. Synthesis of natural products resveratrol (Ⅰ) and isorhapontigenin. Chin. Chem. Lett., 1998, 9(11): 1003-1004.
2 Zhuo，G．L_；Shen，Z．L．；Jiang，XZ．A practical synthesis ofnatural product(trails)-resvcratrol．第二界全国有机化学会·暨第一界全国化学生物学学术会议论文集 上册：374．
3 Qian, L.; Piao, Z.S.; Wang, L.; Zhao, Z.Z. An improved synthesis of the natural product isorhapontigenin. Chin. Chem. Lett., 2000, 11(3): 217-218.
4 Piao, Z.S.; Wang, L.; Zhao, Z.Z. Total synthesis of the natural product-pinosylvin and its analog. Chin. Chem. Lett., 2000, 11(8): 667-668.
5 Pettit, G.R.; Singh, S.B.; Cragg, G.M. Synthesis of natural (-)-combretastatin. J. Org. Chem., 1985, 50: 3404-3406.
6 Pettit, G.R.; Singh, S.B. Isolation, structure, and synthesis of combretastatin A-2, A-3, and B-2. Can. J. Chem., 1987, 65: 2390-2396.
7 Singh, S.B.; Pettit, G.R. Isolation, structure, and synthesis of combretastatin C-1. J. Org. Chem., 1989, 54: 4105-4114.
8 Pettit, G.R.; Rhodes, M.R. Antineoplastic agents 389. New synthesis of the combretastatin A-4 prodrug. Anti-Cancer Drug Design, 1998, 13: 183-191.
9 Gaukroger, K.; Hadfield, J.A.; Hepworth, L.A.; Lawrence, N.J.; McGown, A.T.J. Org. Chem., 2001, 66: 8135-8138.
10 Pettit, G.R.; Singh, S.B.; Boyd, M.R.; Hamel, E.; Pettit, R.K.; Schmidt, J.M.; Hogan, F. Antineoplastic agents. 291. Isolation and synthesis of combretastatins A-4, A-5, and A-6. J. Med Chem., 1995, 38(10): 1666-1672.
11 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. Ⅰ. Preparation and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect of benzofuran lignans related to schuzorenuins. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1994, 42 (12): 2500-2505.
12 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. Ⅱ. Oxidative coupling reaction of methyl (E)-3-(4, 5-dihydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl) propenoate and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects of the produced lignans. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1994, 42 (12): 2506-2513.
13 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. Ⅲ. Synthesis of polyphenolic benzofuran and coumestan derivatives by oxidative coupling reaction of methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl) propenoate and their inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1994, 42 (12): 2536-2545.
14 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. Ⅳ. Oxidative coupling reaction of methyl (E)-3-(3, 4-dihydroxy-2- methoxyphenyi) propenoate and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects of the produced lignans. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1995, 43 (1): 84-90.
15 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. Ⅴ. Oxidative coupling reaction of methyl (E)-3-(2-dihydroxyphenyl) propenoate derivatives and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects of the produced lignans. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1995, 43 (6): 935-940.
16 Maeda, S.; Masuda, H.; Tokoroyama, T. Studies on the preparation of bioactive ligans by oxidative coupling reaction. VI. Oxidation of methyl (E)-3-(4, 5-dihydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)- 2-butenoate and lipid peroxidation-inhibitory effects of the produced caffeoquinone. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1995, 43(9): 1588-1591.
17 Zhou, L. X.; Lin, M. Preparation of stilbene oligomer by oxidative coupling reaction. Acta. Pharm. Sin. 2000, 35(9), 669-674.
18 Zhou, L. X.; Lin, M. Studies on the preparation of bioactive oligomerstilbene by oxidative coupling reaction (I)-preparation of shegansu B using silver oxide as oxidant. Chin. Chem. Lett. 2000, 11(6), 515-516.
19 Huang, K. S.; Lin, M.; Wang, Y. H. Synthesis of amurensin H, a new resveratrol dimer from the roots of Vitis amurensis. Chin. Chem. Lett. 1999, 10(10), 817-820.
20 Botta, B.; Iacomacci, P.; Vinciguerra, V.; Monache, G. D.; Gacs-Baitz, E.; Botta, M.; Misiti, D. Non-oxidative dimerization of 3,4-dioxygenated cinnamates to aryltetralin lignans. Chem. Pharm. Bull 1990, 38(12), 3238-3241.
21 Kuo, Y.H.; Wu, C.H.; Wu, R.E.; Lin, S.T. Studies on acid dimerization of 3,4-dioxygenated cinnamate or 1-phenylpropene to arylindane lignans. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1995, 43(8): 1267-1271.
22 Kuo, Y.H.; Lin S.T. Studies on chromium trioxide-based oxidative coupling reagents and synthesis of ligan-cagayanone. Chem. Pham. Bull., 1993, 41(9): 1507-1512.
23 Aguirre, J. M.; Alesso, E. N.; Iglesias, G. Y. M. Structure and stereochemistry of cyclodimers obtained by acid treatment of trans-stilbenes and of N-1,2-diarylethylamides. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans.1, 1999, 1353-1358.
24 Li, X.M.; Huang, K.S.; Lin, M.; Zhou, L.X. Studies on formic acid-catalyzed dimerization of isorhapontigenin and of resveratrol to tetralines. Tetrahedron, 2003(in press).
25 Takaya, Y.; Yan, K.X.; Terashima, K.; Ito, J.; Niwa, M. Chemical determination of the absolute structures of resveratrol dimers, ampelopsins A, B, D and F. Tetrahedron, 2002, 58: 7259-7265.
26 Takaya, Y.; Yan, K.X.; Terashima, K.; He, Y.H.; Niwa, M. Biogenetic reactions on stilbenetetramers from Vitaceaeous plants. Tetrahedron, 2002, 58: 9265-9271.
27 Sarkanen, K.V.; Wallis, A.F.A. Oxidative dimerizations of (E)- and (Z)-isoeugenol (2-methoxy-4-propenylphenol) and (E)- and (Z)-2,6-dimethoxy-4-propenylphenol. J. C. S. Perkin L 1973: 1869-1878.
28 Langcake, P.; Pryce, R.J. Oxidative dimerisation of 4-hydroxystilbenes in vitro: production of a grapevine phytoalexin mimic. J. C. S. Chem. Comm., 1977: 208-210.
29 Kuo, Y.H.; Chen, L.H.; Wang, L.M. Photosensitized oxidation of isoeugenol in protic and aprotic solvents. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1991, 39(9): 2196-2200.
30 Rao, K.S.S.P.; Hubig, S.M.; Moorthy, J.N.; Kochi, J.K. Stereoselective photodimerization of (E)-stilbenes in crystalline γ-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. J. Org. Chem., 1999, 64: 8098-8104.
31 Jon, S.Y.; Ko, Y.H.; Park, S.H.; Kim, H.J.; Kim, K. A facile, stereoselective [2+2] photoreaction mediated by cucurbit[8]uril. Chem. Commun., 2001, 1938-1939.
32 Tung, C.H.; Wu, L.Z.; Yuan, Z.Y.; Su, N. Zeolites as templates for preparation of large-ring compounds: intramolecular photocycloaddition of diaryl compounds. 1998, J. Am. Chem. Sco., 1998, 120: 11594-11602.
33 Tung, C.H.; Guan, J.Q. Remarkable product selectivity in photosensitized oxidation of alkenes within nafion membranes. J. Am. Soc., 1998, 120: 11874-11879.
34 Li, H.R.; Wu, L.Z.; Tung, C.H. Reactions of singlet oxygen with olefins and sterically hindered amine in mixed surfactant vesicles. J. Am. Sot., 2000, 122: 2446-2451.
35 Cichewicz, R. H.; Kouzi, S. A.; Hamann M. T. Dimerization of resveratrol by the grapevine pathogen botrytis cinerarea. J. Nat. Prod. 2000, 63, 29-33.
36 Sartori, G.; Maggi, R.; Bigi, F.; Grandi, M. A stepwise synthesis of hydroxylated polyaryls. J. Org. Chem.. 1994, 59: 3701-3703.
37 Bell, N.V.; Bowman, W.R.; Coe, P.F.; Turner, A.T.; Whybrow, D. Synthesis of thyroxine: biomimetic studies. Can. J. Chem., 1997, 75: 873-883.
38 Marques, F.A.; Simonelli, F.; Oliveira, A.R.M.; Gohr, G.L.; Leal, P.C. Oxidative coupling of 4-substituted 2-methoxy phenols using methyltributylammonium permanganate in dichloromethane. Tetrahedron Lett., 1998, 39: 943-946.
39 Haikarainen, A.; (?), J.; (?), P.; Pajunen, A.; Mutikainen, I. Salen complexes with bulky substituents as useful tools for biomimetic phenol oxidation research. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2001, 9: 1633-1638.
40 Yoshida, T.; Toyota, M.; Asakawa, Y. Isolation, structure elucidation, and chemical derivatization of a new cyclic bisbibenzyl dimmer, pusilatin E, from the liverwort Riccardia multifida subsp, decrescens. J. Nat. Prod., 1997, 60: 145-147.
41 Demir, A.S.; Reis, (?),; Karaaslan, E. (?). Manganese (III) acetate-mediated oxidative coupling of phenylhydrazines with benzene: a novel method for biaryl coupling. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 2001: 3042-3045.
42 Thomas, N.F.; Lee, K.C.; Paraidathathu, T.; Weber, J.F.F.; Awang, K. Manganese triacetate oxidative lactonisation of electron-rich stilbenes possessing catechol and resorcinol substitution (resveratrol analogues). Tetrahedron Lett., 2002, 43: 3151-3153.
43 Guz, N.R.; Stermitz, F.R. Synthesis and structures of regioisomeric hydnocarpin-type flavonolignans. J. Nat. Prod., 2000, 63(8): 1140-1145.
44 Merlini, L.; Zanarotti, A. A biogenetically patterned synthesis of (±)-eusiderin. Tetrahedron Lett., 1975, 42: 3621-3622.
45 Karhunen, P.; Rummakko, P.; Pajunen, A.; Brunow, G. Synthesis and crystal structure determination of model compounds for the dibenzodioxocine structure occurring in wood lignins. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans, 1996, 2303-2308.
46 Bennien, L.; Malan, E.; Coetzee, J.; Ferreira, D. Strcture and synthesis of ether-linked proteracacinidin and promelacacinidin proanthocyanidins from Acacia caffra. Phytochemistry, 2000, 53: 785-793.
47 Coetzee, J.; Mciteka, L.; Malan, E.; Ferreira, D. Structure and synthesis of the first procassindin dimers based on epicatechin, and gallo-and epigallo-catechin. Pytochemistry, 2000, 53: 795-804.
48 Baesjou, P.J.; Driessen, W.L.; Challa, G.; Reedijk, J. Ab Initio calculations on 2,6-dimethylphen -ol and 4-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-2,6-dimethylphenol. Evidence of an important role for the phenoxonium cation in the copper-catalyzed oxidative phenol coupling reaction, J. Am. Soc., 1997, 119: 12590-12594.
49 (?), M.; (?); Máca, B.; (?), M.; Claxton, T.A.; Abbott, A.P.; (?), P. Selective cross-coupling of 2-naphthol and 2-naphthylamine derivatives. A facile synthesis of 2,2',3,3'-trisubstituted 1,1'-binaphthyls. J. Org. Chem., 1994, 59: 2156-2163.
50 Hovorka, M.; Závada, J. The oxidative cross-coupling of substituted 2-naphthols, part II: selectivity as a mechanistic probe. Tetrahedron, 1992, 48(43): 9517-9530.
51 Takeshi, K.; Okuyama, K.I.; Ohba, Y.; Ueda, M. New positive-type photosensitive poly(pheny- lene ether): poly(2-hydroxy-6-methylphenol-co-2,6-dimethylphenol) with diazonaphthoquinone. Chem. Lett., 1999, 393-394.
52 Simon, J.; Salzbrunn, S.; Prakash, G.K.S.; Petasis, N.A.; Olah, G.A. Regioselective conversion of arylboronic acids to phenols and subsequent coupling to symmetrical diaryl ethers. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66: 633-634.
53 Gupta, R.; Mukherjee, R. Catalytic oxidation of hindered phenols by a copper (I) complex and dioxygen. Tetrahedron Lett., 2000, 41: 7763-7767.
54 (?), S.; (?), M.; Lorenc, M;(?), I.; Brooks, R.D.; Kulagowski, J.J.; Langer, V.; Farrugia, L.J.; (?), P. Copper (II)-mediated oxidative coupling of 2-aminonaphthalene homologues. Competition between the straight dimerization and the formation of carbazoles. J. Org. Chem., 2001, 66: 1359-1365.
55 Sakamoto, T.; Yonehara, H.; Pac, C. Efficient oxidative coupling of 2-maphthols catalyzed by alumina-supported copper (II) sulfate using dioxygen as oxidant. J. Org. Chem., 1994, 59: 6859-6861.
56 Sakamoto, T.; Yonehara, H.; Pac, C. Catalyzed activity of CuSO4/Al2O3 in dehydrogenation of arenes by dioxygen. J. Org. Chem., 1997, 62: 3194-3199.
57 Majumder, P.L.; Basak, M. Novel oxidative phenol-coupling reaction with phosphomolybdic acid on silica gel support: regioselective biomimetic synthesis of dimeric phenanthrene derivatives. Tetrahedron, 1991, 47(40): 8601-8610.
58 Majumder, P.L.; Majumder, S.P.S. Dimeric phenanthrenes from the orchid Bulbophyllum reptans. Phytochemistry, 1999, 50: 891-897.
59 Takada, T.; Arisawa, M.; Gyoten, M.; Hamada, R.; Tohma, H.; Kita, Y. Oxidative biaryl coupling reaction of phenol ether derivatives using a hypervalent iodine (III) reagent, J. Org. Chem., 1998, 63: 7698-7706.
60 Eickhoff, H.; Jung, G.; Rieker, A. Oxidative phenol coupling-tyrosine dimers and libraries containing tyrosyl peptide dimers. Tetrahedron, 2001, 57: 353-364.
61 Miyagi, Y.; Banjyo, N.; Yamamura, E. The facile oxidative coupling of a hindered phenol, 2, 6-di-t-butyl-phenol, driven by N, N'-bis(ethoxy-carbnoyl)-1, 4-benzoquinone diimine; the reaction pattern traced by IH NMR spectroscopy. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn, 2002, 75: 857-858.
62 Nakamura, K.; Nishiyama, S.; Yamamura, S. Synthetic studies on vancomycin: synthesis of seco-aglucovancomycins. Tetrahedron Lett., 1995, 36(47): 8621-8624.
63 Puzari, A.; Baruah, J.B. Cobalt (II) diacetylmonoxime complex-catalysed oxidative coupling reactions of few aromatic compounds. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2000, 153: 1-6.
64 Hwang, D.R.; Chen, C.P.; Uang, B.J. Aerobic catalytic oxidative coupling of 2-naphthols and phenols by VO(acac)2. Chem. Commun., 1999, 1207-1208.
65 Chakrabarty, K.; Chawla, H.M. Cerium (IV) induced oxidative coupling of phenols in the presence and absence of hydrogen peroxide: A comparative study of product distribution. Indian J. Chem., 1993, 32B, Feb.: 266-274.
1 中国种子植物科属植物词典(修订版)科学出版社，1982，P．211。
2 Li N.; Li X.M.; Huang K.S.; Lin M. Structure and distribution of oligostilbenes. Acta Pharm. Sin., 2001, 36(12): 944-950.
3 Li X.M.; Li N.; Huang K.S.; Lin M. Spectral characteristics, biogenesis and biological activities of oligostilbenes. Acta Pharm. Sin., 2002, 37(1): 69-74.
4 Li, J.B.; Lin, M.; Li, S.Z.; Song, W.Z. Studies on the structure of gnetifolin A of Gnetum parvifolium (Warb.) C. Y. Cheng. Acre Pharm. Sin., 1991, 26(6): 437-441.
5 Chen, H.; Lin, M. Studies on the chemical, constituents of Gnetum montanum. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 1999, 30, 571-573.
6 Zhou, L.X., Lin, M. A new stilbene dimer-shegansu B from Belamcanda chinensis. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 2000, 2, 169-175.
7 Siddiqui, Z.S.; Rahman, M.; Khan, M.A.; Zaman, A., Lavaud, C.; Massiot, G.; Nuzillard, J.M.; Connolly, J.D.; Rycroft, D.S. Gnetulin, a dimer of 3', 4, 5'-trihydroxy-3-methoxystilbene from Gnetum ula. Tetrahedron, 1993, 49: 10393-10396.
8 Lins, A.P.; Ribeiro, M.N.D.S.; Gottlieb, O.R.; Gottlieb, H.E. Gnetins: resveratrol oligomers from Gnetum species. J. Nat. Prod., 1982, 45, 754-761.
9 Andrews, D.H., Hoffrnan, J.C., Purves, C.B. Isolation, structure, and synthesis of a stilbene glucoside from the bark of Picea glauca (Moench) Voss. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 1968, 46, 2525-2529.
1 Lin, M., Li, J.B., Li, S.Z., Yu, D.Q., Liang, X.T. A dimeric stilbene from.Gnetum parvifolium. Phytochemistry, 1992, 31(2): 633-638.
2 黄酮体化合物鉴定手册 中国科学院上海药物研究所植物化学研究室 编译 科学出版社，1981，627。
3 Harbome J.B. The Flavonoids: Advances in Research. Pp.60.
4 Wang, Z.M., Liang, X.T., Chen, S.F. The revised structure of gnetifolin A. Chin Chem Lett., 1995, 6(8), 683-686.
5 王长岱，陈驹 长春七化学成分研究再报 1986，植物学报，28(2)，192-195。
6 Wang, Z. J., Zhao, Y.Y., Wang, B., Ai, T.M., Chen, Y.Y. Depsides from Prunella vulgaris. Chin Chem Lett, 2000, 11(11), 997-1000.
7 Li, J.B.; Lin, M.; Li, S.Z.; Song, W.Z. Studies on the structure of gnetifolin A of Gnetum parvifolium (Warb.) C. Y. Cheng. Acta Pharm. Sin., 1991, 26(6): 437-441.
8 Zaman, A., Prakash S., Wizarat, K. Isolation and structure of gnetoi, a novel stilbene from Gnetum ula. lndian Journal of Chemistry, 1983, 22B, February, 101-104.
9 Li, X.M., Wang, Y.H., Lin, M. Stilbenoids from the lianas of Gnetum pendulum, Phytochemistry, 2001, 58, 591-594.
10 Chen, H.; Lin, M. Studies on the chemical constituents of Gnetum montanum. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 1999, 30, 571-573.
11 Zhou, L.X., Lin, M. A new stilbene dimer-shegansu B from Belamcanda chinensis. J Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 2000, 2, 169-175.
12 Langcake, P.; Pryce, R.J. A new class of phytoalexins from grapevines. Experientia, 1977, 15(2): 151-152.
13 Siddiqui, Z.S.; Rahman, M.; Khan, M.A.; Zaman, A., Lavaud, C.; Massiot, G.; Nuzillard, J.M.; Connolly, J.D.; Rycroft, D.S. Gnetulin, a dimer of 3', 4, 5'-trihydroxy-3-methoxystilbene from Gnetum ula. Tetrahedron, 1993, 49: 10393-10396.
14 Lins, A.P.; Ribeiro, M.N.D.S.; Gottlieb, O.R.; Gottlieb, H.E. Gnetins: resveratrol oligomers from Gnetum species. J. Nat. Prod., 1982, 45, 754-761.
15 Huang, K.S., Li, R.L., Wang, Y.H., Lin, M. Three new stilbene trimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense Planta Medica 2001, 67(1): 61-64.
16 Andrews, D.H., Hoffman, J.C., Purves, C.B. Isolation, structure, and synthesis of a stilbene glucoside from the bark of Picea glauca (Moench) Voss. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 1968, 46, 2525-2529.
17 Lin, M.; Li, J.B.; Yu, D.Q.; Liang, X.T. A dimeric stilbene from Gnetum parvifolium. Phytochemistry, 1992, 31(2): 633-638.
18 植物药有效成分手册 国家医药管理局中草药情报中心站 编 人民卫生出版社pp．65-66。
1 王庆利 几种天然化合物的神经保护作用及其作用机理研究，2002，博士论文，P4-5．
2 Jang M, Cai L, Udeani GO et al, Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratroi, a natural product derived from grapes. Science, 1997; 275(5297): 218-220.
3 Wang YH, Huang KS, Lin M. Four new stilbene dimers from the lianas of Gnetum hainanense. J Asian Nat Prod Res, 2003, 3(3): 169-176.
4 黄开胜 山葡萄根和海南买麻藤茎中抗炎低聚芪类化合物的研究及活性低聚芪的仿生合成，2000，博士论文，P24．
5 Xiao, L.; Tan, W.E; Li, Y.L. First total synthesis of (±) kenusanone B. Syn. Comm., 1998, 28(15): 2861-2869.
6 Glusenkamp, K. H.; Buchi, G. Prenylation of phenols promoted by aluminum oxide surfaces. J. Org. Chem., 1986, 51: 4481-4483.