面向TBC环境的组织创新模式研究
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摘要
时间己经成为当今企业在激烈的市场竞争中获得优势的关键,构建快速反应能力是企业应对时间竞争环境的新的战略管理思想,组织模式作为企业经营管理各要素发挥正常作用的载体也必然随着战略重点的转移而予以创新。
本研究以国家自然科学基金重点项目(70332001)“基于时间竞争的运作管理新技术与新方法研究”为依托,以组织创新理论为指导,以典型的快速响应企业为研究样本,综合运用管理学、经济学、组织行为学、生产运作管理、系统论、运筹学及数理统计等学科的理论和方法,研究了面向TBC环境的组织创新结构模式、激励模式、过程模式及评价模式,并进行了相应的实证研究,主要得到以下研究成果:
第一,提出了TBC下基于敏捷供应链管理的四种物流组织结构整合模式。基于市场环境动态性和复杂性对组织模式提出的要求,分析了基于时间竞争的内涵、TBC环境下的组织模式特征及其对组织创新的要求,并阐述了基于合拢管理思想的单元组织结构及其运作模式,在此基础上提出了TBC环境下的组织结构创新路径和模式,着重指出了基于敏捷供应链管理的四种物流组织结构整合模式。
第二,建立了TBC环境下的面向零时间企业的组织创新激励模式。论文面向零时间企业,在简要阐释零时间企业内涵的基础上,剖析了零时间企业激励的特点与原则,指出了即时激励的重要作用,提出了即时激励的基本内容和“三位一体”的即时激励实现模式。同时,论文还从正反两方面指出了员工流失的利弊,对员工流动的成因进行了分析,并提出了降低员工流失率的激励对策。
第三,修订和完善美国著名学者Amabile提出的组织创新模式,构建了面向TBC环境的组织创新过程模式。Amabile特别重视个人创造力对组织创新的影响,认为个人创造力是组织创新的主要元素,无个人创造力便无组织的创新。而本研究所建构出来的组织创新过程模式,强调个人、组织、环境三个因素的互相配合与互动。本研究归纳出来的个人因素包括组织成员创造力、关键人物、个人经验与个人心态等,组织因素包括组织结构、企业文化、组织资源与组织气候等,环境因素则包括科技、顾客、供应商、竞争者、相关产业及政策等。
第四,整合“过程理论”与“组织的创新能力”两种研究取向,构建了面向TBC环境的组织创新评价模式,并以多元观点定义组织创新。过去评价组织创新的程度大都采用认知型问卷以主观指标来评估或仅用一些简单的客观指标,而本研究参考了许多专家学者认为TBC企业组织模式应该加入的构面,同时还加入了客观与主观的指标,并提供了一套严谨的计算方式。对于组织创新的评价,本研究提出了许多具有建设性的改善方向。
Nowadays, along with the severe competition in the market, time is the key to being advantageous for any enterprises. To react rapidly to the environment is the new strategic management thought for an enterprise. Among all the managerial factors, the rganizational model is the carrier to ensure the functions of these factors. Thus, it will inevitably innovate with the turn of the strategy.
This research is based on the key project supported by NNSFC(National Natural Science Foundation of China) numbered 70332001, Research on New Technology and Approach of Operation and Management. The research is induced by the organizational innovation theory, and takes enterprises whose reactions to the environment are typically rapid as its samples, and integrates the theories and approaches of many subjects, as the guide, such as management, economics, organizational behavior, production and operations management, and also system theory, operational research and mathematical statistics. After investigating models which are faced TBC environment, i.e., innovation of organization structure model, incentive model, process and appraisal models, etc, and making demonstrations relatively, the research shows that:
Firstly, four integrated models of logistic organizational structure have been promoted. Based on the requests of the dynamics and complexity of the market, the research gives the contents of the TBC, its new requests on the innovation and characteristics of organizational model. The operational model and cell organizational structure which is based on the thoughts of holonic management has also been explained, with four integrated models of logistic organizational structure as its emphasis.
Secondly, this research establishes an incentive mode for organizational innovation facing zero-time enterprises in TBC environment., Directly facing the zero-time enterprise this paper briefly explains the contents of it, analyze the characteristics and principles of incentive model of zero-time enterprises, and points out the importance of immediate incentive and its contents and approaches of“three dimensions in one”. Then the paper points out the advantages and disadvantages of staff turnover, analyzes the course of staff flow and prompts the incentive suggestion to reduce staff turnover rate.
Thirdly, this research revises organizational innovation model proposed by the famous American scholar Amabile, reconstructs the procedure schema of the organizational innovation facing TBC environment. Amabile particularly thought highly of the influence of personal creative power on organization innovation. He emphasized that personal creative power was a major element of organizational innovation, there would otherwise be no organizational innovation either. The procedure of the organizational innovation established in this research emphasizes the coordination and interaction of persons, organization and environment. The personal factors include key persons, creative power of the organization members, personal morale and personal experience. The organizational factors include organization construction, organization culture, organization resources and organization climate. Environmental factors include customers, technology, suppliers, competitors, polices and so on.
In order to establish the organizational innovation measure mode facing TBC environment, this research conforms the two research orientations of process theory and innovation capacity of the organization, and it defines organizational innovation with multi-analysis. The organizational innovation measure mode established in this research composite views of many literatures and experts, so the mode may echo and verify with those views raised by the past experts. This research refers to many experts’conceive, also objective and subjective indexes, and finally supplies a set of computing mode. It raises several constructional improvement directions to the measurement of organizational innovation.
本研究以国家自然科学基金重点项目(70332001)“基于时间竞争的运作管理新技术与新方法研究”为依托,以组织创新理论为指导,以典型的快速响应企业为研究样本,综合运用管理学、经济学、组织行为学、生产运作管理、系统论、运筹学及数理统计等学科的理论和方法,研究了面向TBC环境的组织创新结构模式、激励模式、过程模式及评价模式,并进行了相应的实证研究,主要得到以下研究成果:
第一,提出了TBC下基于敏捷供应链管理的四种物流组织结构整合模式。基于市场环境动态性和复杂性对组织模式提出的要求,分析了基于时间竞争的内涵、TBC环境下的组织模式特征及其对组织创新的要求,并阐述了基于合拢管理思想的单元组织结构及其运作模式,在此基础上提出了TBC环境下的组织结构创新路径和模式,着重指出了基于敏捷供应链管理的四种物流组织结构整合模式。
第二,建立了TBC环境下的面向零时间企业的组织创新激励模式。论文面向零时间企业,在简要阐释零时间企业内涵的基础上,剖析了零时间企业激励的特点与原则,指出了即时激励的重要作用,提出了即时激励的基本内容和“三位一体”的即时激励实现模式。同时,论文还从正反两方面指出了员工流失的利弊,对员工流动的成因进行了分析,并提出了降低员工流失率的激励对策。
第三,修订和完善美国著名学者Amabile提出的组织创新模式,构建了面向TBC环境的组织创新过程模式。Amabile特别重视个人创造力对组织创新的影响,认为个人创造力是组织创新的主要元素,无个人创造力便无组织的创新。而本研究所建构出来的组织创新过程模式,强调个人、组织、环境三个因素的互相配合与互动。本研究归纳出来的个人因素包括组织成员创造力、关键人物、个人经验与个人心态等,组织因素包括组织结构、企业文化、组织资源与组织气候等,环境因素则包括科技、顾客、供应商、竞争者、相关产业及政策等。
第四,整合“过程理论”与“组织的创新能力”两种研究取向,构建了面向TBC环境的组织创新评价模式,并以多元观点定义组织创新。过去评价组织创新的程度大都采用认知型问卷以主观指标来评估或仅用一些简单的客观指标,而本研究参考了许多专家学者认为TBC企业组织模式应该加入的构面,同时还加入了客观与主观的指标,并提供了一套严谨的计算方式。对于组织创新的评价,本研究提出了许多具有建设性的改善方向。
Nowadays, along with the severe competition in the market, time is the key to being advantageous for any enterprises. To react rapidly to the environment is the new strategic management thought for an enterprise. Among all the managerial factors, the rganizational model is the carrier to ensure the functions of these factors. Thus, it will inevitably innovate with the turn of the strategy.
This research is based on the key project supported by NNSFC(National Natural Science Foundation of China) numbered 70332001, Research on New Technology and Approach of Operation and Management. The research is induced by the organizational innovation theory, and takes enterprises whose reactions to the environment are typically rapid as its samples, and integrates the theories and approaches of many subjects, as the guide, such as management, economics, organizational behavior, production and operations management, and also system theory, operational research and mathematical statistics. After investigating models which are faced TBC environment, i.e., innovation of organization structure model, incentive model, process and appraisal models, etc, and making demonstrations relatively, the research shows that:
Firstly, four integrated models of logistic organizational structure have been promoted. Based on the requests of the dynamics and complexity of the market, the research gives the contents of the TBC, its new requests on the innovation and characteristics of organizational model. The operational model and cell organizational structure which is based on the thoughts of holonic management has also been explained, with four integrated models of logistic organizational structure as its emphasis.
Secondly, this research establishes an incentive mode for organizational innovation facing zero-time enterprises in TBC environment., Directly facing the zero-time enterprise this paper briefly explains the contents of it, analyze the characteristics and principles of incentive model of zero-time enterprises, and points out the importance of immediate incentive and its contents and approaches of“three dimensions in one”. Then the paper points out the advantages and disadvantages of staff turnover, analyzes the course of staff flow and prompts the incentive suggestion to reduce staff turnover rate.
Thirdly, this research revises organizational innovation model proposed by the famous American scholar Amabile, reconstructs the procedure schema of the organizational innovation facing TBC environment. Amabile particularly thought highly of the influence of personal creative power on organization innovation. He emphasized that personal creative power was a major element of organizational innovation, there would otherwise be no organizational innovation either. The procedure of the organizational innovation established in this research emphasizes the coordination and interaction of persons, organization and environment. The personal factors include key persons, creative power of the organization members, personal morale and personal experience. The organizational factors include organization construction, organization culture, organization resources and organization climate. Environmental factors include customers, technology, suppliers, competitors, polices and so on.
In order to establish the organizational innovation measure mode facing TBC environment, this research conforms the two research orientations of process theory and innovation capacity of the organization, and it defines organizational innovation with multi-analysis. The organizational innovation measure mode established in this research composite views of many literatures and experts, so the mode may echo and verify with those views raised by the past experts. This research refers to many experts’conceive, also objective and subjective indexes, and finally supplies a set of computing mode. It raises several constructional improvement directions to the measurement of organizational innovation.
引文
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