900t上行式移动模架造桥机的设计与实践
|
摘要
在我国近远期交通规划中,客运专线的规模在逐年地增加。在客运专线的施工中,桥梁的建造是施工的重中之重。为了提高施工质量,加快施工进度,节约建设资金,设计和使用造桥机显得十分必要。
移动模架造桥机是一种先进的造桥施工设备,它对建造PC混凝土箱梁有许多优点,如机械化程度高、施工速度快、施工质量高、适用范围广等等,所以在国外已被广泛使用,而国内造桥机的研究起步较晚。本文结合作者单位承担的上行式移动模架客运专线造桥机设计与制造任务,对其方案设计、结构体系及工况分析、静力强度和刚度进行了研究,并通过加载试验予以验证。
文中首先介绍了移动模架造桥机的主要类型并对各自的特点做了概括,依据用户的技术要求,总结出了上行式移动模架造桥机的设计依据和技术规范,进行了方案设计；其次详细阐述了该造桥机的构成、工作原理和施工工艺,对其工况和荷载进行了分析；根据移动模架造桥机的结构和施工原理,利用大型有限元计算软件ANSYS为分析计算工具,建立了造桥机三维有限元模型,分析了该造桥机的主要结构件在制梁和移位过程中多种工况的应力和变形等力学性能,为结构设计提供了依据；最后,介绍了移动模架造桥机的加载试验过程,并将实验结果与理论计算相比较,验证了设计的正确性。
论文的整个工作理论结合实际,特别是对施工工艺和各种工况进行了深入分析,为采用有限元软件进行分析计算奠定了良好的基础。所设计的移动模架造桥机已投入实际施工,作者在施工现场参加了安装调试和加载试验,得到了宝贵的第一手资料。论文的研究成果对该型造桥机设计有重要的指导意义,对其它类型造桥机的设计也有一定的参考价值。
Our country's near and long-term traffic planning shows that the scale of the passenger-only lines is increasing year by year. In the construction of the passenger-only lines, the construction of bridges is the most important project. In order to enhance the quality of the construction, accelerate the speed of construction and save the investment, the necessity of the design and application of bridge erection machines is increasing greatly.
Move Support System Bridge Erection Machine (MSS for short) is an advanced equipment for bridge construction. The machine has a lot of advantages to build PC box girders, such as high mechanization level, quick construction speed, good quantity and wide application scope, etc.. It has been widely used in overseas. Relatively, the research on bridge erection machine at domestic is later. Based on the design and manufacture of the upper-moving MSS for passenger-only lines construction carried out in author's company, the research of this paper focus on scheme design, analysis of constitution and working conditions, static strength and rigidity of this type of machine and the validity of the results was proved by loading experiments.
First, the main types of MSS and the characteristics of each system were described. According to the technical requirements from user, design specifications were summed up and scheme design was carried out for upper-movement MSS. Then, the constitution, operation principle and processes of this machine were described in detail, and the working conditions and loads of MSS were analyzed. Thirdly, based on the structure and construction principle, the 3D models of MSS were established in the famous FEM software ANSYS. The stresses and deformations of important elements in multiple conditions were calculated, which provided a guideline for structural design of MSS. Finally, the process of loading experiments was introduced and the results of experiments were compared with that of calculations. The validity of the results was proved. It showed the design of MSS was satisfactory.
The paper combined the theory with practice. Specially, the operation processes and working conditions were analyzed in detail, which provided a good foundation for FEM analysis. The designed MSS Bridge Erection Machine has been put in use, and the author took part in the assembly and loading experiments in the field. The research results in this paper would provide guidelines for the design of this type of machine and would be helpful for the design of other type machines.
移动模架造桥机是一种先进的造桥施工设备,它对建造PC混凝土箱梁有许多优点,如机械化程度高、施工速度快、施工质量高、适用范围广等等,所以在国外已被广泛使用,而国内造桥机的研究起步较晚。本文结合作者单位承担的上行式移动模架客运专线造桥机设计与制造任务,对其方案设计、结构体系及工况分析、静力强度和刚度进行了研究,并通过加载试验予以验证。
文中首先介绍了移动模架造桥机的主要类型并对各自的特点做了概括,依据用户的技术要求,总结出了上行式移动模架造桥机的设计依据和技术规范,进行了方案设计；其次详细阐述了该造桥机的构成、工作原理和施工工艺,对其工况和荷载进行了分析；根据移动模架造桥机的结构和施工原理,利用大型有限元计算软件ANSYS为分析计算工具,建立了造桥机三维有限元模型,分析了该造桥机的主要结构件在制梁和移位过程中多种工况的应力和变形等力学性能,为结构设计提供了依据；最后,介绍了移动模架造桥机的加载试验过程,并将实验结果与理论计算相比较,验证了设计的正确性。
论文的整个工作理论结合实际,特别是对施工工艺和各种工况进行了深入分析,为采用有限元软件进行分析计算奠定了良好的基础。所设计的移动模架造桥机已投入实际施工,作者在施工现场参加了安装调试和加载试验,得到了宝贵的第一手资料。论文的研究成果对该型造桥机设计有重要的指导意义,对其它类型造桥机的设计也有一定的参考价值。
Our country's near and long-term traffic planning shows that the scale of the passenger-only lines is increasing year by year. In the construction of the passenger-only lines, the construction of bridges is the most important project. In order to enhance the quality of the construction, accelerate the speed of construction and save the investment, the necessity of the design and application of bridge erection machines is increasing greatly.
Move Support System Bridge Erection Machine (MSS for short) is an advanced equipment for bridge construction. The machine has a lot of advantages to build PC box girders, such as high mechanization level, quick construction speed, good quantity and wide application scope, etc.. It has been widely used in overseas. Relatively, the research on bridge erection machine at domestic is later. Based on the design and manufacture of the upper-moving MSS for passenger-only lines construction carried out in author's company, the research of this paper focus on scheme design, analysis of constitution and working conditions, static strength and rigidity of this type of machine and the validity of the results was proved by loading experiments.
First, the main types of MSS and the characteristics of each system were described. According to the technical requirements from user, design specifications were summed up and scheme design was carried out for upper-movement MSS. Then, the constitution, operation principle and processes of this machine were described in detail, and the working conditions and loads of MSS were analyzed. Thirdly, based on the structure and construction principle, the 3D models of MSS were established in the famous FEM software ANSYS. The stresses and deformations of important elements in multiple conditions were calculated, which provided a guideline for structural design of MSS. Finally, the process of loading experiments was introduced and the results of experiments were compared with that of calculations. The validity of the results was proved. It showed the design of MSS was satisfactory.
The paper combined the theory with practice. Specially, the operation processes and working conditions were analyzed in detail, which provided a good foundation for FEM analysis. The designed MSS Bridge Erection Machine has been put in use, and the author took part in the assembly and loading experiments in the field. The research results in this paper would provide guidelines for the design of this type of machine and would be helpful for the design of other type machines.
引文
[1]王立新.移动支架造桥技术在我国铁路上的应用与展望[J].铁道建筑技术,2002(6)：6～8
[2]李文广.ZQJ/32-56移动支架造桥机施工技术[J].铁道建筑技术(上),1995(2)：1～7
[3]李文广.ZQJ/32-56移动支架造桥机施工技术[J].铁道建筑技术(下),1995(6)：5～8
[4]刘家锋.我国移动支架造桥机的发展综述[J].铁道标准设计,2002(2)：1～15
[5]熊春奎.DZ-42m/1000t型造桥机设计与施工[J].铁道标准设计,1999(5)：1～4
[6]宋德文.拼装移动式支架造桥机的总体构思[J].铁道建筑技术,1995(4)：5～9
[7]彭正中.大跨度造桥机静力及稳定性分析[D].石家庄：石家庄铁道学院,2005.
[8]王斌华.滑移支架系统结构设计及关键技术研究[D].西安：长安大学,2004.
[9]孟会英,管品武,赵慧敏.某黄河公路桥50 m跨架桥机受力性能试验研究[J].郑州大学学报(工学版),2003(3)：45～47,105
[10]狄谨,陈爱萍,戴鹏.滑动模架在连续梁桥施工中的有限元分析[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2006(05)：48～53
[11]肖新华,王新敏.ZQJ800型移动支架造桥机结构设计与分析[J].铁道标准设计,2004(1)：26～29
[12]骆克斌,汪莲,周安.新汴河大桥荷载试验及承载力评估[J].安徽建筑工业学院学报(自然科学版),2000(8)：19～22
[13]GB50017-2003,钢结构设计规范[S]
[14]GB50205-2001,钢结构工程施工及验收规范[S]
[15]GB 3811-1983,起重机设计规范[S].
[16]TB 1002.2-99,铁路桥梁钢结构设计规范[S]
[17]TB 100212-98,铁路钢桥制造规范[S]
[18]黄耀怡.实用钢结构计算与设计[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1991
[19]《起重机设计手册》编写组编.起重机设计手册[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1983.
[20]《钢结构设计规范》编制组.钢结构设计规范应用讲解[M].北京：中国计划出版社,2003.
[21]中国机械工程学会焊接学会.焊接手册[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2001.
[22]王勖成.有限单元法[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2003.
[23]张洪信.有限元基础理论与ANSYS应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2006.
[24]王国强.实用工程数值模拟技术及其在ANSYS上的实践[M].西安：西北工业大学出版社,2000.
[25]刘凌厉.QTJS160T铁路起重机底架的有限元分析[D].成都：西南交通大学,2002.
[26]LI G H, Shi D, Feng Q. The finite element method for the lateral stability of the truss bridge[C].Beijing: Science Press,1976.
[27]W F Chen, Stoma. Advanced Analysis of steel Frames[J]. Theory, Software and Application,1994(3):23～28
[28]李庆华.材料力学[M].西南交通大学出版社,1994
[29]GB50204.混凝土结构工程施工及验收规范[S].
[30]GBJ204-1992.钢筋混凝土工程施工及验收规范[S].
[31]JGJ T10-95.混凝土夯送施工技术规程[S].
[32]TB10002.1-99.铁路桥涵设计基本规范[S].
[33]JTG D60-2004.公路桥涵设计通用规范[S].
[34]TB 10203-2002.铁路桥涵施工规范[S].
[35]TB 10002.3.铁路桥涵钢筋混凝土和预应力混凝土结构设计规范[S]
[36]JTJ 041-2000.公路桥涵施工技术规范[S].
[37]TB 10415-2003.铁路桥涵工程施工质量验收标准[S].
[38]GB 50214-2001.组合钢模板技术规范[S].
[39]杜荣军.混凝土工程模板与支架技术[M].2004
[40]陈华,常安俊.起重机械安装中的应力测试技术[J].起重运输机械,2005(1)：39～40
[41]周平槐.大跨度箱形变截面钢拱结构的受力性能研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2005.
[42]凌邦国,朱兆青,张建国.应力片的研究及其应用[J].南通工学院学报(自然科学版),2003(2)：12～14,18
[43]姜晓军.塔式起重机检测中应注意的几个问题[J].标准规范,2004(5)：61～62
[2]李文广.ZQJ/32-56移动支架造桥机施工技术[J].铁道建筑技术(上),1995(2)：1～7
[3]李文广.ZQJ/32-56移动支架造桥机施工技术[J].铁道建筑技术(下),1995(6)：5～8
[4]刘家锋.我国移动支架造桥机的发展综述[J].铁道标准设计,2002(2)：1～15
[5]熊春奎.DZ-42m/1000t型造桥机设计与施工[J].铁道标准设计,1999(5)：1～4
[6]宋德文.拼装移动式支架造桥机的总体构思[J].铁道建筑技术,1995(4)：5～9
[7]彭正中.大跨度造桥机静力及稳定性分析[D].石家庄：石家庄铁道学院,2005.
[8]王斌华.滑移支架系统结构设计及关键技术研究[D].西安：长安大学,2004.
[9]孟会英,管品武,赵慧敏.某黄河公路桥50 m跨架桥机受力性能试验研究[J].郑州大学学报(工学版),2003(3)：45～47,105
[10]狄谨,陈爱萍,戴鹏.滑动模架在连续梁桥施工中的有限元分析[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2006(05)：48～53
[11]肖新华,王新敏.ZQJ800型移动支架造桥机结构设计与分析[J].铁道标准设计,2004(1)：26～29
[12]骆克斌,汪莲,周安.新汴河大桥荷载试验及承载力评估[J].安徽建筑工业学院学报(自然科学版),2000(8)：19～22
[13]GB50017-2003,钢结构设计规范[S]
[14]GB50205-2001,钢结构工程施工及验收规范[S]
[15]GB 3811-1983,起重机设计规范[S].
[16]TB 1002.2-99,铁路桥梁钢结构设计规范[S]
[17]TB 100212-98,铁路钢桥制造规范[S]
[18]黄耀怡.实用钢结构计算与设计[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1991
[19]《起重机设计手册》编写组编.起重机设计手册[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1983.
[20]《钢结构设计规范》编制组.钢结构设计规范应用讲解[M].北京：中国计划出版社,2003.
[21]中国机械工程学会焊接学会.焊接手册[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2001.
[22]王勖成.有限单元法[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2003.
[23]张洪信.有限元基础理论与ANSYS应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2006.
[24]王国强.实用工程数值模拟技术及其在ANSYS上的实践[M].西安：西北工业大学出版社,2000.
[25]刘凌厉.QTJS160T铁路起重机底架的有限元分析[D].成都：西南交通大学,2002.
[26]LI G H, Shi D, Feng Q. The finite element method for the lateral stability of the truss bridge[C].Beijing: Science Press,1976.
[27]W F Chen, Stoma. Advanced Analysis of steel Frames[J]. Theory, Software and Application,1994(3):23～28
[28]李庆华.材料力学[M].西南交通大学出版社,1994
[29]GB50204.混凝土结构工程施工及验收规范[S].
[30]GBJ204-1992.钢筋混凝土工程施工及验收规范[S].
[31]JGJ T10-95.混凝土夯送施工技术规程[S].
[32]TB10002.1-99.铁路桥涵设计基本规范[S].
[33]JTG D60-2004.公路桥涵设计通用规范[S].
[34]TB 10203-2002.铁路桥涵施工规范[S].
[35]TB 10002.3.铁路桥涵钢筋混凝土和预应力混凝土结构设计规范[S]
[36]JTJ 041-2000.公路桥涵施工技术规范[S].
[37]TB 10415-2003.铁路桥涵工程施工质量验收标准[S].
[38]GB 50214-2001.组合钢模板技术规范[S].
[39]杜荣军.混凝土工程模板与支架技术[M].2004
[40]陈华,常安俊.起重机械安装中的应力测试技术[J].起重运输机械,2005(1)：39～40
[41]周平槐.大跨度箱形变截面钢拱结构的受力性能研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2005.
[42]凌邦国,朱兆青,张建国.应力片的研究及其应用[J].南通工学院学报(自然科学版),2003(2)：12～14,18
[43]姜晓军.塔式起重机检测中应注意的几个问题[J].标准规范,2004(5)：61～62