零部件供应企业动态产能分析与规划研究
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摘要
产能管理是企业进行生产管理的重要内容,而随着供应链管理思想的不断深入发展,供应链间的竞争已经成为市场竞争的主旋律。因此对于供应链中重要环节的零部件供应商来说,产能管理就显得更加重要,且产能的管理必须突破内部供应链的范畴,扩展到外部供应链上来。产能研究扩展到外协供应链上后,其核算方法、评估和规划的内容就与传统的生产车间的产能研究存在较大的差别,其动态性就更加明显,结构和影响因素就更加复杂。本文就试图分析出基于供应链管理思想的产能如何进行分析和规划。
本文主要是以供应链为研究背景,以供应链上的零部件供应企业为研究对象,站在供应链管理的角度,对整个外协供应链和内部供应链中的生产能力做系统的分析和规划研究,提出了一套基于供应链管理的由产能的核算到评估再到规划的完整的研究方案。
本文首先定义了动态产能的内涵,对零部件供应企业如何进行动态产能的核算做出系统的归纳与总结,然后运用负荷计划和关键路径法对动态产能进行评估,并构建了基于MTO(Make To Order)的生产能力双循环模型,以此模型来探讨零部件供应企业如何有效的扩大产能和分析生产能力方面的不足,接着再对动态产能进行规划,并在其中运用了基于场景的随机规划模型,研究零部件供应企业在产能、资金和需求的约束下,制造车间产能规划过程中的设备购置决策问题;最后将完整的方案应用到具体的零部件生产企业,为企业的产能管理扩展了思路,同时完成了理论与实际应用的结合。
Production capacity management is an important content during the product management,and with the development of the supply chain management,the competition during the supply chain has became thematic in the market competition,so for the corporation of offering spare parts which is very important tache in the supply chain,the production capacity management is becoming more important ,and it must breakthrough the range of the inner supply chain and extent to the outer-helping supply chain.When the research on production capacity management is based on the outer-helping supply chain,it’s calculation methods and the contents of evaluating and planning are totally different with the traditional research which is just existed in production workshop,there are more obvious dynamiction and more complex structure and affection factors.This paper tries to analyze how to calculate and plan the production capacity based on supply chain management.
The paper is researched on the background of the supply chain ,and the researched object is the corporation of offering spare parts.The paper does a systemic analysis and program about production capacity for the whole outer-helping and inner supply chain standing on the angle of supply chain management.It puts forward an integrated research project for the capacity from calculation to evaluation then program based on the supply chain management.
First,the paper defines the meaning of the dynamic production capacity ,it makes a systematic conclusion and summing-up about how to calculate the dynamic production capacity for the corporation of offering spare parts,secondly, it evaluates the dynamic production capacity using the methods of burthen planning and the key route,and builds a double-circle model of production capacity based on MTO(Make To Order)to research how to enhance production capacity and analyze deficiencies in the side of production capacity.Thirdly,it programs the dynamic production capacity using stochastic planning model besed on scenario.At the last,this article selects an actual supplying parts company to make an analysis and research on its supply and has solved many difficulties about production capacity management which theenterprise has being faced for a very long time,it completes the perfect combination between theory and practice application.
本文主要是以供应链为研究背景,以供应链上的零部件供应企业为研究对象,站在供应链管理的角度,对整个外协供应链和内部供应链中的生产能力做系统的分析和规划研究,提出了一套基于供应链管理的由产能的核算到评估再到规划的完整的研究方案。
本文首先定义了动态产能的内涵,对零部件供应企业如何进行动态产能的核算做出系统的归纳与总结,然后运用负荷计划和关键路径法对动态产能进行评估,并构建了基于MTO(Make To Order)的生产能力双循环模型,以此模型来探讨零部件供应企业如何有效的扩大产能和分析生产能力方面的不足,接着再对动态产能进行规划,并在其中运用了基于场景的随机规划模型,研究零部件供应企业在产能、资金和需求的约束下,制造车间产能规划过程中的设备购置决策问题;最后将完整的方案应用到具体的零部件生产企业,为企业的产能管理扩展了思路,同时完成了理论与实际应用的结合。
Production capacity management is an important content during the product management,and with the development of the supply chain management,the competition during the supply chain has became thematic in the market competition,so for the corporation of offering spare parts which is very important tache in the supply chain,the production capacity management is becoming more important ,and it must breakthrough the range of the inner supply chain and extent to the outer-helping supply chain.When the research on production capacity management is based on the outer-helping supply chain,it’s calculation methods and the contents of evaluating and planning are totally different with the traditional research which is just existed in production workshop,there are more obvious dynamiction and more complex structure and affection factors.This paper tries to analyze how to calculate and plan the production capacity based on supply chain management.
The paper is researched on the background of the supply chain ,and the researched object is the corporation of offering spare parts.The paper does a systemic analysis and program about production capacity for the whole outer-helping and inner supply chain standing on the angle of supply chain management.It puts forward an integrated research project for the capacity from calculation to evaluation then program based on the supply chain management.
First,the paper defines the meaning of the dynamic production capacity ,it makes a systematic conclusion and summing-up about how to calculate the dynamic production capacity for the corporation of offering spare parts,secondly, it evaluates the dynamic production capacity using the methods of burthen planning and the key route,and builds a double-circle model of production capacity based on MTO(Make To Order)to research how to enhance production capacity and analyze deficiencies in the side of production capacity.Thirdly,it programs the dynamic production capacity using stochastic planning model besed on scenario.At the last,this article selects an actual supplying parts company to make an analysis and research on its supply and has solved many difficulties about production capacity management which theenterprise has being faced for a very long time,it completes the perfect combination between theory and practice application.
引文
[1]胡进.ERP系统在零部件行业的应用研究[J].电子技术,2006,56-57
[2]蒋祖华,奚立峰等.工业工程典型案例分析[M].清华大学出版社,2005,30-31
[3]汤世强,季建华.论交易成本与供应链战略合作伙伴关系[J].工业工程与管理,2003 (4),6-9
[4] Olhager,Jan and Martin Rudberg,Joakim Wikner,Long-term capacity management: Linking the perspectives from manufacturing strategy and sales and operations planning,International Journal of Production Economics,2001,69:215-225
[5] Terwiesch,Christian and Roger E.Bohn.Learning and process improvement during production ramp-up.International Journal of Production Economics,2001,70:1-19
[6] Bermon S, Hood S. Capacity optimization planning system (CAPS)[J].Interfaces, 1999,29(5):31-50.
[7] Swaminathan J M.Tool capacity planning for semiconductor fabrication facilities under demand uncertainty[J].European Journal of Operations Research,2000,120:545-558
[8] Swaminathan J M. Tool procurement planning for wafer fabrication facilities: Ascenario-based approach[J].IIE Transactions,2002,34(2):144-155
[9] Damodaran,P.,Melouk,S.Comparison of push and pull systems with transporters: ametamodelling approach.International journal of Production Research,2002, 40(12):2923-2936
[10] B.Catay,S.S.Erenguc,and A.J.Vakharia.Tool Capacity Planning In Semiconductor Manufacturing.Computers&Operations Research,2003,30(9):1349-1366.
[11] J.K.Cochran,H.-N.Chen.Generating daily production plans for complex manufacturing facilities using multi-objective genetialgorithm.International Journal of Production Research,2002,40(16):4147-4167。
[12] S.karabuk,S.D.Wu.Decentralizing semiconductor capacity planning via internal market coordination.IIE Transactions,2002,34:743-759。
[13] Richard kielbasa,Gif-sur-Yvette.Modeling semiconductor manufacturing yield by test data and parital least square.The 16th international conference on microletronics,2004:404-407
[14] S.Bhatnagar,E.Fernandez-Gaucherand.A Markov Decision Process Model for Capacity Expansion and Allocation.Proceedings of the 38th Conference on Decision Control,1999:1380-1385
[15] Feng Zhang,R.Roundy,M.Cakanyildirim,et al.Optimal Capacity Expansion for Multi-Product,Multi-Machine Manufacturing Systems with Stochastic Demand.IIE Transactions,2004,36(1):23-36
[16]张智聪,郑力,张涛.半导体制造中的产能规划[J].半导体技术,2004,29(9):39-44
[17]李琦,刘大成,郑力,等.半导体生产规划中的优化决策方法[J].半导体技术,2004,29(7):35-39。
[18]潘峰,钱省三.半导体晶园制造中产量与生产周期的优化方法[J].半导体技术,2004, 29(2):41-45
[19] R.McKiddie and E.Neacy.Measurement and Improvement of Manufacturing Capacity (MIMAC)Survey and Interview Results.SEMATECH Technology Transfer,1994
[20] Hood S J, Bermon S, Barahona F. Capacity planning under demand uncertainty for semiconductor manufacturing[J].IEEE Transaction on Semiconductor Manufacturing 2003,16(2):273-280
[21]乐存.半导体企业产能规划过程的不确定度_灵敏度分析.[硕士学位论文],成都:电子科技大学,2007
[22]马士华,林勇.供应链管理[M].机械工业出版社,2005:23-138.
[23]杜江,曹岩.制造企业的产能因素分析及度量[J].西安工业大学学报,2007,27(5):447-448
[24]但斌等.基于CPFR的供应链合作关系[J].工业工程与管理,2000(1):78-80
[25] Reginald Tomas.Yu-Lee,燕清联合译.产能管理精要[M].北京:中国人民出版社, 2002:34-36
[26]余强,张海盛,梁丽.网络化制造环境下一种面向能力的制造资源模型[J].计算机工程,2006,32(15):236
[27]李娜,郑力,牛莉.半导体封装测试系统的生产能力规划[J].系统工程,2006,24(8):107-113
[28]徐君燕,卜建荣.基于产能要素排产模型的建立及应用[J].机械制造与研究,2006,35(5):36-38
[29]肖智军,党新民,刘胜军,精益生产方式[M].海天出版社,2003:111-129
[30]范中志,张树武,孙意敏.基础工业工程(IE)[M].机械工业出版社,2002:72-85
[31]郑立伟,李从东.面向多品种小批量生产的工序能力指数计算[J].工业工程,2005, 8(1):5
[32]李政忙,易必武.生产能力核定中的一个重要参数及其应用[J].管理科学,2005,26(1):124-126
[33]陈志详.供应链管理模式下的生产计划与控制研究.[博十学位论文],武汉:华中理工大学,2000
[34] Richard Pibernik,Prashant Yadav.Dynamic Capacity Reservation and Due Date Quoting in a Make-to-Order System[J].Naval Research Logistics.2008,(55)
[35]刘小玲,李辉,郭治.国基于狄克斯特拉算法的车间动态生产能力评估与实现[J].微计算机信息,2006,22(3-4):86-98
[36]徐贤浩,陈荣秋.即时定制生产模式下企业生产能力概念及其快速形成机制[J].管理评论,2006,18(8):56-62
[37]徐贤浩,任英,陈荣秋.即时定制生产模式下企业生产能力双循环模型[J].运作管理, 2006,6(19):57-62
[38]黄飞华,胡左浩.随机需求下企业的生产能力规划和柔性技术选择[J].系统管理学报,2008,17(3):323-325
[39]方叶祥.机械制造企业的生产能力及能力计划研究[J].预测,2003,1(22):78-81
[40]诺曼盖泽,格雷格富兰泽尔.运营管理[M].刘庆林,等译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2005:60-66
[41]张仁侠.现代企业生产管理[M].经济管理出版社,2000:99-102
[42]沈厚才,陶青,陈煌波.供应链管理理论与方法[J].中国管理科学,2000,19(3): 20-21
[43]周晓梅.生产能力扩大的策略及其案例分析[J].工业工程,2000,3(3):56-58
[44]李亚伯,成卫华.论”双赢”的供应商关系管理模式[J].现代管理科学,2005,8: 63-65
[45]耿娜、江志斌.一种基于随机规划的晶圆制造产能规划方法[J].工业工程和管理,2006, 11(5):22-23
[46]刘丽文,衰佳瑞.VMI环境下的库存与发货模型研究[J].中国管理科学,2003,11(5): 73-78
[2]蒋祖华,奚立峰等.工业工程典型案例分析[M].清华大学出版社,2005,30-31
[3]汤世强,季建华.论交易成本与供应链战略合作伙伴关系[J].工业工程与管理,2003 (4),6-9
[4] Olhager,Jan and Martin Rudberg,Joakim Wikner,Long-term capacity management: Linking the perspectives from manufacturing strategy and sales and operations planning,International Journal of Production Economics,2001,69:215-225
[5] Terwiesch,Christian and Roger E.Bohn.Learning and process improvement during production ramp-up.International Journal of Production Economics,2001,70:1-19
[6] Bermon S, Hood S. Capacity optimization planning system (CAPS)[J].Interfaces, 1999,29(5):31-50.
[7] Swaminathan J M.Tool capacity planning for semiconductor fabrication facilities under demand uncertainty[J].European Journal of Operations Research,2000,120:545-558
[8] Swaminathan J M. Tool procurement planning for wafer fabrication facilities: Ascenario-based approach[J].IIE Transactions,2002,34(2):144-155
[9] Damodaran,P.,Melouk,S.Comparison of push and pull systems with transporters: ametamodelling approach.International journal of Production Research,2002, 40(12):2923-2936
[10] B.Catay,S.S.Erenguc,and A.J.Vakharia.Tool Capacity Planning In Semiconductor Manufacturing.Computers&Operations Research,2003,30(9):1349-1366.
[11] J.K.Cochran,H.-N.Chen.Generating daily production plans for complex manufacturing facilities using multi-objective genetialgorithm.International Journal of Production Research,2002,40(16):4147-4167。
[12] S.karabuk,S.D.Wu.Decentralizing semiconductor capacity planning via internal market coordination.IIE Transactions,2002,34:743-759。
[13] Richard kielbasa,Gif-sur-Yvette.Modeling semiconductor manufacturing yield by test data and parital least square.The 16th international conference on microletronics,2004:404-407
[14] S.Bhatnagar,E.Fernandez-Gaucherand.A Markov Decision Process Model for Capacity Expansion and Allocation.Proceedings of the 38th Conference on Decision Control,1999:1380-1385
[15] Feng Zhang,R.Roundy,M.Cakanyildirim,et al.Optimal Capacity Expansion for Multi-Product,Multi-Machine Manufacturing Systems with Stochastic Demand.IIE Transactions,2004,36(1):23-36
[16]张智聪,郑力,张涛.半导体制造中的产能规划[J].半导体技术,2004,29(9):39-44
[17]李琦,刘大成,郑力,等.半导体生产规划中的优化决策方法[J].半导体技术,2004,29(7):35-39。
[18]潘峰,钱省三.半导体晶园制造中产量与生产周期的优化方法[J].半导体技术,2004, 29(2):41-45
[19] R.McKiddie and E.Neacy.Measurement and Improvement of Manufacturing Capacity (MIMAC)Survey and Interview Results.SEMATECH Technology Transfer,1994
[20] Hood S J, Bermon S, Barahona F. Capacity planning under demand uncertainty for semiconductor manufacturing[J].IEEE Transaction on Semiconductor Manufacturing 2003,16(2):273-280
[21]乐存.半导体企业产能规划过程的不确定度_灵敏度分析.[硕士学位论文],成都:电子科技大学,2007
[22]马士华,林勇.供应链管理[M].机械工业出版社,2005:23-138.
[23]杜江,曹岩.制造企业的产能因素分析及度量[J].西安工业大学学报,2007,27(5):447-448
[24]但斌等.基于CPFR的供应链合作关系[J].工业工程与管理,2000(1):78-80
[25] Reginald Tomas.Yu-Lee,燕清联合译.产能管理精要[M].北京:中国人民出版社, 2002:34-36
[26]余强,张海盛,梁丽.网络化制造环境下一种面向能力的制造资源模型[J].计算机工程,2006,32(15):236
[27]李娜,郑力,牛莉.半导体封装测试系统的生产能力规划[J].系统工程,2006,24(8):107-113
[28]徐君燕,卜建荣.基于产能要素排产模型的建立及应用[J].机械制造与研究,2006,35(5):36-38
[29]肖智军,党新民,刘胜军,精益生产方式[M].海天出版社,2003:111-129
[30]范中志,张树武,孙意敏.基础工业工程(IE)[M].机械工业出版社,2002:72-85
[31]郑立伟,李从东.面向多品种小批量生产的工序能力指数计算[J].工业工程,2005, 8(1):5
[32]李政忙,易必武.生产能力核定中的一个重要参数及其应用[J].管理科学,2005,26(1):124-126
[33]陈志详.供应链管理模式下的生产计划与控制研究.[博十学位论文],武汉:华中理工大学,2000
[34] Richard Pibernik,Prashant Yadav.Dynamic Capacity Reservation and Due Date Quoting in a Make-to-Order System[J].Naval Research Logistics.2008,(55)
[35]刘小玲,李辉,郭治.国基于狄克斯特拉算法的车间动态生产能力评估与实现[J].微计算机信息,2006,22(3-4):86-98
[36]徐贤浩,陈荣秋.即时定制生产模式下企业生产能力概念及其快速形成机制[J].管理评论,2006,18(8):56-62
[37]徐贤浩,任英,陈荣秋.即时定制生产模式下企业生产能力双循环模型[J].运作管理, 2006,6(19):57-62
[38]黄飞华,胡左浩.随机需求下企业的生产能力规划和柔性技术选择[J].系统管理学报,2008,17(3):323-325
[39]方叶祥.机械制造企业的生产能力及能力计划研究[J].预测,2003,1(22):78-81
[40]诺曼盖泽,格雷格富兰泽尔.运营管理[M].刘庆林,等译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2005:60-66
[41]张仁侠.现代企业生产管理[M].经济管理出版社,2000:99-102
[42]沈厚才,陶青,陈煌波.供应链管理理论与方法[J].中国管理科学,2000,19(3): 20-21
[43]周晓梅.生产能力扩大的策略及其案例分析[J].工业工程,2000,3(3):56-58
[44]李亚伯,成卫华.论”双赢”的供应商关系管理模式[J].现代管理科学,2005,8: 63-65
[45]耿娜、江志斌.一种基于随机规划的晶圆制造产能规划方法[J].工业工程和管理,2006, 11(5):22-23
[46]刘丽文,衰佳瑞.VMI环境下的库存与发货模型研究[J].中国管理科学,2003,11(5): 73-78