二维傅立叶相位导风技术的研究
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摘要
本文由六章组成，第一章介绍云导风技术的研究进展和傅立叶导风技术的研究意义；第二章以波动理论和傅立叶变换为基础，对一维傅立叶相位导风技术进行理论推导和误差分析；第三章基于一维傅立叶相位法导风，给出二维傅立叶相位法导风的理论分析，并对该算法进行了改进，加入了快速傅立叶算法。模拟模块内各点的速度线性变化时，得到空间域平均速度以及频率域以振幅为权重的平均速度，分析了空间域平均速度和频率域以振幅为权重的平均速度的关系，并揭示空间域的平均速度的标准差σ_x和频率域的振幅为权重的平均速度的标准差σ_v的意义，以及它们之间的关系；第四章介绍了云迹风系统的高度指定以及风矢高度的划分，并根据风场连续性原理，介绍了高度调整法的质量控制；第五章介绍导风系统的流程，选择了三个时刻的IR云图，分别用一维傅立叶相位法、二维傅立叶相位法和快速傅立叶算法计算一个风场个例，并对所得风场进行质量控制，并给出风场图；第六章进行研究总结，指出不足和有待于进一步研究之处。
This article is composed of six parts. In the first part, the research progress of cloud motion wind is introduced and the significance of the Fourier phrase analysis technique was given. In the second part, based on fluctuation theory and Fourier phrase analysis, the one-Dim Fourier analysis technique on cloud motion winds is deduced, and the error of the technique is analyzed. In the third part, basing on the one-Dim Fourier phrase analysis technique, the two-Dim Fourier phrase analysis technique is given, and improved the arithmetic of fast Fourier transform (FFT). By simulating mathematically on frequency and on space, we can find the average speed of space field and the average speed of frequency field that is weighted by amplitude, and analyse their relation, and analyse the meaning of space speed variance x and frequency speed variance V. In the fourth part, how to ensure the height of cloud is introduced, and basing on the theory of wind field continuity, the height updating quality controlling is introduced. In the fifth part, the system of cloud wind is introduced, we tracked cloud-motion of consecutive satellite images with one-minute interval by the 1-D Fourier analysis technique and the two-Dim Fourier analysis technique and the FFT analysis technique, and dispose them with quality controlling. In the sixth part, we summarized our research and put up with shortages of this article.
This article is composed of six parts. In the first part, the research progress of cloud motion wind is introduced and the significance of the Fourier phrase analysis technique was given. In the second part, based on fluctuation theory and Fourier phrase analysis, the one-Dim Fourier analysis technique on cloud motion winds is deduced, and the error of the technique is analyzed. In the third part, basing on the one-Dim Fourier phrase analysis technique, the two-Dim Fourier phrase analysis technique is given, and improved the arithmetic of fast Fourier transform (FFT). By simulating mathematically on frequency and on space, we can find the average speed of space field and the average speed of frequency field that is weighted by amplitude, and analyse their relation, and analyse the meaning of space speed variance x and frequency speed variance V. In the fourth part, how to ensure the height of cloud is introduced, and basing on the theory of wind field continuity, the height updating quality controlling is introduced. In the fifth part, the system of cloud wind is introduced, we tracked cloud-motion of consecutive satellite images with one-minute interval by the 1-D Fourier analysis technique and the two-Dim Fourier analysis technique and the FFT analysis technique, and dispose them with quality controlling. In the sixth part, we summarized our research and put up with shortages of this article.
引文
[1] 董超华等，气象卫星业务产品释用手册，第一版，北京，气象出版社，1999
[2] 王振会，曾维琳，卫星云迹风微机客观导山系统，南京气象学院学报，1996，19(1)：69-75
[3] P．K．Rao等编，许健民等泽，气象卫星——系统、资料及其在环境中的应用，北京：气象出版社，1994
[4] 白洁，王洪庆，陶祖珏，GMS卫星红外云图云迹风的反演，北京大学学报(自然科学版)，1997，33(1)：85-92
[5] Petersen W A, Carey L D, Rutledge S A, er al. Mesoscale and radar observations of the Fort Collins flash flood of 28 July 1997. Bull Amer Meteor Soc, 1999, 80(2):190-216
[6] 许健民，张其松，王大昌，樊昌尧，云迹风计算中的两个几何问题，应用气象学报，1997，8(1)：11-18
[7] 张守峰，王诗文，应用卫星云导风进行台风路径预报试验，热带气象学报，1999。15(4)：347-355
[8] 冯业荣，云迹风资料在热带气旋移向预报中的应用，气象，25(12)：11-16，1999
[9] Shenk W E, Suggestion for improving the derivation of winds from geosynchronous satellites, Proc. To the workshop on wind extraction from operational meteorological satellite data, in Washington D.C., 17-19Sept. 1991,173-179
[10] Schmetz J, Holmlund K, Hoffman J, et al, Operational Cloud-Motion Winds from Meteosat Infrared Images, J Appl Meteor, 1993,32 (7): 1206～1225
[11] R. M. Endlich, D. E. Wolf, et al, Use of a Pattern Recognition Technique for Determining Cloud Motions from Sequences of Satellite Photographs, J Appl Meteor, 1971, 10: 105-117
[12] Leese J.A., Novak C.S. and Clark B.B. (1971), An automated technique for obtaining cloud motion from geosynehronous satellite data using cross correlation, J.Appl.Met.,
10,118-132.
[13] Xu Jianmin and Zhang Qisong(1996), Calculation of cloud motion wind with GMS-5 images in China, Proceedings to the 3~(rd) International Wind Workshop, in Ascona, Switzerland. 10-12 June 1996.45-52.
[14] Purdom J F W, Detailed cloud motions from satellite imagery taken at thirty second, one and three minute intervals, Proc. to the 3~(rd) international wind workshop in Ascona, Switzerland, 10-12 June 1996, 137-146
[15] 陈渭民，夏浣清，陈光宇，卫星气象学，第一版，北京，气象出版社，1989
[16] 王振会，陈金娥，曾维琳，卫星云迹风导出系统的结果分析，南京气象学院学报，1997， 20(3)：382-386
[17] Wang Z(王振会), K.A.Browning and G.A.Kelly, Verification of the Tracking Technique Used in an Experimental Cloud Motion Wind Inferring System, JCMM Report 78, Joint Center for Mesoscale Meteorology (in University of Reading), Oct, 1997
[18] 王振会，汤达章，傅德胜，相关分析法判别因子的比较与实验，气象科学，1992，12(1)：72-79
[19] 王振会，许建明，基于傅立叶相位分析的卫星云图导风技术，气象科学，待发表
[20] 许建明，一维傅立叶相位导风技术的研究，南京气象学院硕士研究生毕业论文，南京气象学院，2003
[21] 孙林，静止气象卫星快速区域云图二维傅立叶相位分析法导风的数值模拟及理论研究，南京气象学院硕士研究生毕业论文，南京气象学院，2003
[22] 阮秋琦．数字图像处理，北京：电子工业出版社，2001，63-73
[23] H．J．威佛 著，王中德，张辉译，离散和连续傅立叶分析理论，第一版，北京邮电学院出版社 1991
[24] 张文建，黎光清，董超华，用卫星遥感资料反演气象参数的误差分析及数值实验，应用气象学报，1992，3(3)，266-272
[25] 王永宽，高层卫星风的误差分析，气象学报，1985，43(1)，86-90
[26] 吴湘淇．信号、系统与信号处理，北京：电子工业出版社，1996，26-126
[27] 胡广书，数字信号处理—理论、算法与实现，第一版，北京，清华大学出版社，1997
[28] 何斌，马天予，王运监，朱红莲，Visual C++数字图像处理，第一版，北京，人民邮电出版社 2001
[29] 魏宗舒等，概率论与数理统计教程，第一版，北京，高等教育出版社，1988
[30] 许健民，张其松，方翔，用红外和水汽两个通道的卫星测值指定云迹风的高度，气象学报，1997，55(4)：408-416
[31] 陈华，许健民，张其松，方翔，用高度调整法进行云迹风的高度的质量控制，气象科学，1999，19(1)：20-25
[32] 曾忠一，大气卫星遥测学，台北，渤海堂文化事业公司印行，1988
[33] 赵柏林，张霭琛，大气探测原理．第一版，北京，气象出版社，1987
[34] 许绍祖，大气物理学基础，第一版，北京，气象出版社，1993
[35] 楚艳丽，静止气象卫星云图云迹风导出系统的软件设计与开发，南京气象学院硕士研究生毕业论文，南京气象学院，2001
[36] 蒋长锦，科学计算及C程序集．安徽：中国科学技术大学出版社．1998
[37] 钱能，C++程序设计教程，第一版，北京，清华大学出版社，1999
[38] [美]David J．Kruglinski等著，希望图书创作室译，Microsoft Visual C++6．0技术内幕，第五版，北京，北京希望电子出版社，1999
[39] Browning K. A. and Chalon J.P., FASTEX: an important project for WMO member states, World Meteorological Organization Bulletin, 1996,45,260-261
[2] 王振会，曾维琳，卫星云迹风微机客观导山系统，南京气象学院学报，1996，19(1)：69-75
[3] P．K．Rao等编，许健民等泽，气象卫星——系统、资料及其在环境中的应用，北京：气象出版社，1994
[4] 白洁，王洪庆，陶祖珏，GMS卫星红外云图云迹风的反演，北京大学学报(自然科学版)，1997，33(1)：85-92
[5] Petersen W A, Carey L D, Rutledge S A, er al. Mesoscale and radar observations of the Fort Collins flash flood of 28 July 1997. Bull Amer Meteor Soc, 1999, 80(2):190-216
[6] 许健民，张其松，王大昌，樊昌尧，云迹风计算中的两个几何问题，应用气象学报，1997，8(1)：11-18
[7] 张守峰，王诗文，应用卫星云导风进行台风路径预报试验，热带气象学报，1999。15(4)：347-355
[8] 冯业荣，云迹风资料在热带气旋移向预报中的应用，气象，25(12)：11-16，1999
[9] Shenk W E, Suggestion for improving the derivation of winds from geosynchronous satellites, Proc. To the workshop on wind extraction from operational meteorological satellite data, in Washington D.C., 17-19Sept. 1991,173-179
[10] Schmetz J, Holmlund K, Hoffman J, et al, Operational Cloud-Motion Winds from Meteosat Infrared Images, J Appl Meteor, 1993,32 (7): 1206～1225
[11] R. M. Endlich, D. E. Wolf, et al, Use of a Pattern Recognition Technique for Determining Cloud Motions from Sequences of Satellite Photographs, J Appl Meteor, 1971, 10: 105-117
[12] Leese J.A., Novak C.S. and Clark B.B. (1971), An automated technique for obtaining cloud motion from geosynehronous satellite data using cross correlation, J.Appl.Met.,
10,118-132.
[13] Xu Jianmin and Zhang Qisong(1996), Calculation of cloud motion wind with GMS-5 images in China, Proceedings to the 3~(rd) International Wind Workshop, in Ascona, Switzerland. 10-12 June 1996.45-52.
[14] Purdom J F W, Detailed cloud motions from satellite imagery taken at thirty second, one and three minute intervals, Proc. to the 3~(rd) international wind workshop in Ascona, Switzerland, 10-12 June 1996, 137-146
[15] 陈渭民，夏浣清，陈光宇，卫星气象学，第一版，北京，气象出版社，1989
[16] 王振会，陈金娥，曾维琳，卫星云迹风导出系统的结果分析，南京气象学院学报，1997， 20(3)：382-386
[17] Wang Z(王振会), K.A.Browning and G.A.Kelly, Verification of the Tracking Technique Used in an Experimental Cloud Motion Wind Inferring System, JCMM Report 78, Joint Center for Mesoscale Meteorology (in University of Reading), Oct, 1997
[18] 王振会，汤达章，傅德胜，相关分析法判别因子的比较与实验，气象科学，1992，12(1)：72-79
[19] 王振会，许建明，基于傅立叶相位分析的卫星云图导风技术，气象科学，待发表
[20] 许建明，一维傅立叶相位导风技术的研究，南京气象学院硕士研究生毕业论文，南京气象学院，2003
[21] 孙林，静止气象卫星快速区域云图二维傅立叶相位分析法导风的数值模拟及理论研究，南京气象学院硕士研究生毕业论文，南京气象学院，2003
[22] 阮秋琦．数字图像处理，北京：电子工业出版社，2001，63-73
[23] H．J．威佛 著，王中德，张辉译，离散和连续傅立叶分析理论，第一版，北京邮电学院出版社 1991
[24] 张文建，黎光清，董超华，用卫星遥感资料反演气象参数的误差分析及数值实验，应用气象学报，1992，3(3)，266-272
[25] 王永宽，高层卫星风的误差分析，气象学报，1985，43(1)，86-90
[26] 吴湘淇．信号、系统与信号处理，北京：电子工业出版社，1996，26-126
[27] 胡广书，数字信号处理—理论、算法与实现，第一版，北京，清华大学出版社，1997
[28] 何斌，马天予，王运监，朱红莲，Visual C++数字图像处理，第一版，北京，人民邮电出版社 2001
[29] 魏宗舒等，概率论与数理统计教程，第一版，北京，高等教育出版社，1988
[30] 许健民，张其松，方翔，用红外和水汽两个通道的卫星测值指定云迹风的高度，气象学报，1997，55(4)：408-416
[31] 陈华，许健民，张其松，方翔，用高度调整法进行云迹风的高度的质量控制，气象科学，1999，19(1)：20-25
[32] 曾忠一，大气卫星遥测学，台北，渤海堂文化事业公司印行，1988
[33] 赵柏林，张霭琛，大气探测原理．第一版，北京，气象出版社，1987
[34] 许绍祖，大气物理学基础，第一版，北京，气象出版社，1993
[35] 楚艳丽，静止气象卫星云图云迹风导出系统的软件设计与开发，南京气象学院硕士研究生毕业论文，南京气象学院，2001
[36] 蒋长锦，科学计算及C程序集．安徽：中国科学技术大学出版社．1998
[37] 钱能，C++程序设计教程，第一版，北京，清华大学出版社，1999
[38] [美]David J．Kruglinski等著，希望图书创作室译，Microsoft Visual C++6．0技术内幕，第五版，北京，北京希望电子出版社，1999
[39] Browning K. A. and Chalon J.P., FASTEX: an important project for WMO member states, World Meteorological Organization Bulletin, 1996,45,260-261