白芨多糖硫酸酯化、理化性质及生物学活性的研究
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摘要
多糖具有提高免疫能力、抗病毒、抗肿瘤,抗氧化等生物学活性,对多糖的研究越来越受到人们的重视,其中硫酸酯多糖由于其抗HIV等多种病毒的作用,尤为受到关注。
     本实验主要对白芨多糖(BR)硫酸酯化、理化性质及生物学活性三部分内容进行了研究。在酯化工艺方面主要研究了氯磺酸—吡啶法合成白芨多糖硫酸酯的较适条件,选择试剂比例,反应温度和反应时间三个因素,应用三因素三水平正交设计,实验结果显示,吡啶和氯磺酸比例6:1,反应温度85℃,反应时间为2~3h有利于提高得率和硫酸基取代度;以离子交换纤维素柱层析(DEAE-52),分子筛Sephadex G-75、Sephadex G-100柱层析对产物进行了分离纯化,得到分子量不同的两个组分SBR_1和SBR_2。在理化性质方面,采取高效凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)测定分子量,通过紫外吸收光谱(uv)、红外吸收光谱(IR)、核磁共振(NMR)等方法对结构进行鉴定,结果显示,硫酸基团的取代改变了产物包括构象等理化方面的性质。在生物学活性方面,与BR相对照检测了其清除超氧阴离子、羟自由基的活性,并研究了其对过氧化氢诱导的红细胞溶血的影响;分别以体外培养的B淋巴细胞、宫颈癌细胞和人白血病细胞U937检测其作用,结果显示,酯化前不具有清除超氧阴离子的白芨多糖酯化后具有很强的清除超氧阴离子的作用;酯化前具有较强清除羟自由基的作用,酯化后在低浓度下也表现出清除羟自由基的作用,但高浓度时易与反应体系中细胞色素C络合,形成沉淀;酯化后产物对过氧化氢诱导的红细胞溶血未见缓解作用,BR在低浓度下有缓解作用,但在较高浓度也不能起缓解作用,可能与大分子的多糖易使红细胞聚集有关;发现SBR_2对B淋巴细胞的增殖作用是先上升后下降;在宫颈癌细胞培养中均未见其明显抑制作用,但是白芨多糖硫酸酯对体外培养的U937细胞的生长有较为明显的抑制作用,而酯化前未见明显作用。
Polysaccharides have many kinds of biological activities, such as antitumor, antivirus, antitumor, anti-oxidant, and they can enhance the function of immune system, and so on. More and more attention has been paid to study on polysaccharide. Especially many polysaccharide sulfates can resist HIV and many other kinds of virus, so it particularly attract people's attention.
    We mainly studied sulfation-techniques, physicochemical properties and biological activities of the Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f. polysaccharide sulfates. Firstly, we synthesized Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f. polysaccharide sulfates with chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine and chose three main factors: volume ratio of chlorsulfonic acid and pyridine, temperature and time of reaction. The orthogonal test design L9(34) was used for studying the optimization of the sulfation-techniques. The result showed that the condition of 6:1 volume ratio of pyridine and chlorine sulfonic acid, 85 C, 2-3h helped to improve yield of products and degree of substitution.The preparation was treated through DEAE-52, Sephadex G-75 and Sephadex G-100 column to separate and purify. Two components of different molecular weight SBR1 and SBR2 were found. Their molecular weight was determined by GPC and the structure was determined by UV-spectrum, IR spectrum and NMR. The result showed the polysaccharide's conformation and other physicochemical properties were changed by sulfate radical. With regard to their biological activities, we studied their activities of scavenging O2 and. OH and their influence on the H2O2-induced hemolysis of RBC. We also studied their effects on B lymphocyte in vitro, human cervical cancer CaSKi cells in vitro, leukaemia cell U937 in vitro. The results showed SBR1 and SBR2 had distinctive effect on clearing
    
    
    
    O2, but BR had no the same effect. BR could obviously scavenge . OH and low concentration of SBR1 and SBR2 had the same action, but high concentration of SBR1 and SBR2 generated a complex combination of polysaccharide-cytochrome C and brought sediment. SBR1 and SBR2 couldn't alleviate H2O2-induced hemolysis of RBC, but low concentration of BR had the effect of alleviating of H2O2 -induced hemolysis of RBC. This because of that macromolecule polysaccharides are apt to make RBC assemble. SBR2 could promote the proliferation of B lymphocyte and with the concentration rising its effect rised firstly then dropped. They all had no effect on human cervical cancer CaSKi cells, but SBR1 and SBR2 had comparatively obvious inhibition to leukaemia cell U937.BR had no obvious inhibition to leukaemia cell U937.
引文
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