模糊神经网络在工程快速估价中的应用
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摘要
随着中国改革开放和市场经济的不断深入，中国建筑企业在面临很好的机遇的同时，也面临着严峻的考验。现在的市场竞争机制已表现得越来越明显，他要求我们提高效率，尽快拿出自己招投标方案，但是传统的预算方法以及现行的计算软件都必须花费较长的时间才能计算出结果，而且计算的结果准确度还不是很高。怎样解决这个问题，成了建筑界的热门话题。同时作为建设方的业主，他们同样对快速预算很感兴趣。因为确定工程造价是建设工作中十分重要的一环，在不同阶段有着不同的方法。如建设前期的工程造价估算、初步设计阶段编制概算、施工图设计阶段编制预算，特别是建设前的估算是我们工作的重点，因为它是我们进行成本控制的起点。对于建设单位而言，它们不仅能在进行设计招标之前大致确定该工程的造价，而且还能在工程施工招标前定出合理的标底。可见快速预算有其很现实的发展研究背景。近几年许多学者都在这方面努力探索，并取得了很好成果。
神经网络和模糊数学的快速发展应用为工程快速预算提供了很好的思路。本文阐述了模糊数学和神经网络的结合原理，建立了基于模糊神经网络和工程预算原理的工程快速估价的模型，并通过住宅建筑估价模型的建立，说明模型的实现方法且验证其实用性。
With the development of Chinese reform and market economy, construct enterprises confront much chance and flinty challenge as the same time. It is more obvious that competition machine-made of present-day market economic requests high efficiency in order to pick up tender scheme quickly, but traditional budget method and actual count soft must cost much time to do it. It becomes focus how to solve the problem in construction kingdom, As the same time, the owners are more interest in rapid cost evaluation, because it is vital for them to assert the price of project, In deferent construction phases, such as project evaluation phases before construction, principium design phases and shop drawing phases, especially the evaluation before construction is important because it is base point for us to control costo For owners, they can not only assert the price of project before design biding, but also assert the bid mark before construct bidingo In the recent years many scholar struggled to explore and achieved much
With the development of Neural net and fuzzy math, they pioneer new world for us to realize rapid evaluation of project, The paper explain the combine principle between neural net and fuzzy math, and establish the evaluation modle based on fuzzy neural net and budget of project cost, and establishes the residence evaluation modle based on the modle, and illuminates its implement and practicability.
神经网络和模糊数学的快速发展应用为工程快速预算提供了很好的思路。本文阐述了模糊数学和神经网络的结合原理，建立了基于模糊神经网络和工程预算原理的工程快速估价的模型，并通过住宅建筑估价模型的建立，说明模型的实现方法且验证其实用性。
With the development of Chinese reform and market economy, construct enterprises confront much chance and flinty challenge as the same time. It is more obvious that competition machine-made of present-day market economic requests high efficiency in order to pick up tender scheme quickly, but traditional budget method and actual count soft must cost much time to do it. It becomes focus how to solve the problem in construction kingdom, As the same time, the owners are more interest in rapid cost evaluation, because it is vital for them to assert the price of project, In deferent construction phases, such as project evaluation phases before construction, principium design phases and shop drawing phases, especially the evaluation before construction is important because it is base point for us to control costo For owners, they can not only assert the price of project before design biding, but also assert the bid mark before construct bidingo In the recent years many scholar struggled to explore and achieved much
With the development of Neural net and fuzzy math, they pioneer new world for us to realize rapid evaluation of project, The paper explain the combine principle between neural net and fuzzy math, and establish the evaluation modle based on fuzzy neural net and budget of project cost, and establishes the residence evaluation modle based on the modle, and illuminates its implement and practicability.
引文
(1) 邵良杉《工程造价人工神经网络估算系统》阜新矿业学院 1997
(2) 牛东晓、乞建勋《建筑工程造价预测的变结构神经网络模型研究》华北电力大学管理系2001年
(3) 苏振民《基于BP神经网络的工程估价》南京建筑工程学院 1992
(4) 史忠科《神经网络控制理论》陕西：西北工业大学出版社 1994
(5) 杨晓林，郭玉田《基于神经网络的工程估价系统》 哈尔滨工业大学 管理学院1995年
(6) 陆浩《神经网络与现代计算机》长沙交通学院出版社 1993
(7) 胡志根，基于模糊预测的工程造价估算模型研究[J]系统工程与实践，1997 (2)
(8) 胡守仁，神经网络应用技术[M]，长沙：国防科技大学出版社，1993
(9) 焦李成，《神经风格系统理论》 西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，1995
(10) 施鸿宝，神经网络及其应用[M]．西安．西安交通大学出版社，1993．
(11) 王其文，“人工神经网络与线性规划的比较”，《决策与决策支持系统》，1993
(12) 苏振明，基于BP神经网络的工程造价估算方法 南京建筑工程学院管理系 2000
(13) 王志润，工程建设中的模糊数学方法，长沙，湖南大学出版社，1988
(14) 朱焦，计算机辅助计算，北京：中国建筑工业出版社 1995
(15) 王震显，工程建设中的招投标。南京，江苏科学技术出版社 1998
(16) 苏振明，基于BP神经网络的工程造价估算模型 南京建筑工程学院管理系 2001
(17) 黄崇富，模糊信息优化处理技术及其应用 北京：航空航天大学出版社 1994
(18) 尉承建，基于神经网络的建筑工程造价估算，南京建工学院院报，1995
(19) 杨小林，给予神经网络的工程估价系统研究 哈尔滨工业大学学报 2002．4
(20) 余辉，建筑工程投资估算手册[M] 北京：中国物价出版社 1993
(21) Timothy Master, Practical Neural Network, IEEE Transactions on Neural'Network1990
(22) S. Newton computers and cost modeling, 1991
(23) LIPPMANN T P、An Introduction to Computing ith Neural Net Work[J]. IEEE Transaction on Acoustics. Speech & Signal Processing Magazine. 1987(4)
(24) Buchanan J. S., cost models for estimating, Royal Institution of charterd Surverys. 1992
(25) D. H. Weutght, "patterns"cost modeling, 1988.
(26) Tarck Hegazy, Amr Ayed. Neural Network Model for Parametric Cost Estimating. Journal of Construction Engineering and Manangement, 1998, 124(3): 173-178
(27) Niu Dong_xiao. Theadjutment gray model to load forecasting of power system [J]. The Joural of Gray Systems, 1994, 6(2): 127-134
(28) RUMELHART D E, MCCLELLAND J LPARALLEL distribution Processing[M] The MIT Press, Cambridge, 1986
(29) Calbort Master, Practical Neural Network, IEEE Transactions on Neural Network1995
(30) Tark Hegazy and Amr Ayed. Neural Network Model for Parameteric Cost Estimation of highway project, J. Constr. Engrg. and M gm t. 1998. (3)
(2) 牛东晓、乞建勋《建筑工程造价预测的变结构神经网络模型研究》华北电力大学管理系2001年
(3) 苏振民《基于BP神经网络的工程估价》南京建筑工程学院 1992
(4) 史忠科《神经网络控制理论》陕西：西北工业大学出版社 1994
(5) 杨晓林，郭玉田《基于神经网络的工程估价系统》 哈尔滨工业大学 管理学院1995年
(6) 陆浩《神经网络与现代计算机》长沙交通学院出版社 1993
(7) 胡志根，基于模糊预测的工程造价估算模型研究[J]系统工程与实践，1997 (2)
(8) 胡守仁，神经网络应用技术[M]，长沙：国防科技大学出版社，1993
(9) 焦李成，《神经风格系统理论》 西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，1995
(10) 施鸿宝，神经网络及其应用[M]．西安．西安交通大学出版社，1993．
(11) 王其文，“人工神经网络与线性规划的比较”，《决策与决策支持系统》，1993
(12) 苏振明，基于BP神经网络的工程造价估算方法 南京建筑工程学院管理系 2000
(13) 王志润，工程建设中的模糊数学方法，长沙，湖南大学出版社，1988
(14) 朱焦，计算机辅助计算，北京：中国建筑工业出版社 1995
(15) 王震显，工程建设中的招投标。南京，江苏科学技术出版社 1998
(16) 苏振明，基于BP神经网络的工程造价估算模型 南京建筑工程学院管理系 2001
(17) 黄崇富，模糊信息优化处理技术及其应用 北京：航空航天大学出版社 1994
(18) 尉承建，基于神经网络的建筑工程造价估算，南京建工学院院报，1995
(19) 杨小林，给予神经网络的工程估价系统研究 哈尔滨工业大学学报 2002．4
(20) 余辉，建筑工程投资估算手册[M] 北京：中国物价出版社 1993
(21) Timothy Master, Practical Neural Network, IEEE Transactions on Neural'Network1990
(22) S. Newton computers and cost modeling, 1991
(23) LIPPMANN T P、An Introduction to Computing ith Neural Net Work[J]. IEEE Transaction on Acoustics. Speech & Signal Processing Magazine. 1987(4)
(24) Buchanan J. S., cost models for estimating, Royal Institution of charterd Surverys. 1992
(25) D. H. Weutght, "patterns"cost modeling, 1988.
(26) Tarck Hegazy, Amr Ayed. Neural Network Model for Parametric Cost Estimating. Journal of Construction Engineering and Manangement, 1998, 124(3): 173-178
(27) Niu Dong_xiao. Theadjutment gray model to load forecasting of power system [J]. The Joural of Gray Systems, 1994, 6(2): 127-134
(28) RUMELHART D E, MCCLELLAND J LPARALLEL distribution Processing[M] The MIT Press, Cambridge, 1986
(29) Calbort Master, Practical Neural Network, IEEE Transactions on Neural Network1995
(30) Tark Hegazy and Amr Ayed. Neural Network Model for Parameteric Cost Estimation of highway project, J. Constr. Engrg. and M gm t. 1998. (3)