基于GIS的滇池景区景点管理信息系统
|
摘要
随着社会经济的发展以及人民生活水平的提高,旅游已经成为一种消费时尚。与日益火爆的旅游市场相比,旅游服务业的发展水平明显滞后,依靠传统的管理与服务模式已经远远不能满足旅游业发展的客观需要,旅游业供与需的矛盾日益突出。利用飞速发展的IT技术与地理信息技术,建立旅游目的地地理信息系统,提高旅游业管理水平与服务质量,扩大信息传播范围,增加旅游目的地知名度,吸引客源,为游客提供便捷的服务,变得势在必行。
云南省昆明滇池名胜风景区有六十多个旅游景点,其中不乏像四大名楼之一大观楼、聂耳墓、中国第一座水电站石龙坝电站及西山龙门等知名旅游景点,从而吸引各地游客争相而来。丰富的旅游资源,庞大的旅游市场,需要利用现代技术进行管理。一方面,数量如此众多的旅游资源需要数字化和信息化的管理方式,提高管理效率:另一方面,需要一个完善的旅游服务平台,为到此地的广大游客提供方便快捷的旅游服务,提高服务质量。然而,相关部门对这些旅游资源特别是对具有数据量大、空间分布较广、分布复杂等特征的景点信息的管理还停留于以往的手工管理模式下,即使使用计算机,也仅仅是作为存储设备,不能提供空间查询和分析功能,效率极为低下,已经严重的阻碍了它的进一步发展。
本文正是在这种情况下,对GIS的一些基本理论进行研究和阐述的基础上如探讨了地理信息系统的一些基本功能诸如空间数据和属性数据的输入、编辑、处理和存储、查询、检索、统计、信息的发布、打印输出及报表和空间分析(缓冲区分析、网络分析——最优路径选择、景点选择决策分析及统计分析)等并研究是如何应用于实践中,结合地理信息系统设计和开发的基本知识,选用了Delphi程序开发语言,采用波兰TatukGIS公司的用于地理信息系统开发的第三方控件包TatukGIS Developer Kernel,选用SQL Server2000数据库,设计、开发并建成了基于GIS的滇池风景名胜区景点管理信息系统。系统的建成,有利于滇池名胜风景管理区的相关管理部门宣传景点信息、提高景点知名度及提高工作效率,也有利于游客了解滇池风景名胜区并为是否到此游玩及选择游玩线路等旅游行为提供决策。
With the development of social economy and people' s living standard, for many people, tourism has turned to be an important part of their lives. Compared with the increasingly tourism market, tourism service is obviously lagged behind. If the traditional management mode do not be changed, it will hinder the tourism market from developing further. Therefore, we must face the conflict between supply and requirement in the right way. And GIS (Geographic Information system) is a perfect way to solve the problem. We should establish Geographic Information system of tourism destination by using increasingly developing Information Technology and Geographic Information System technology. This will improve management standard and service quality of tourism, and enlarge information communication' s scope and highten tourism destination' s fame. It is also helpful for attracting tourists and upgrading tourism service level.
Dianchi lake scenic spot in Kunming city has more than sixty sight spots, some of them are well-known, such as Daguan Tower of four most famous tower in China, Nieer Grave, Shilong Dam hydrodynamic power station, first hydrodynamic power station in China and Xishan Longmen. These sight spots attract many tourists all over China or even the world. The abundant tourism resources and huge tourism market need modern technology to meet the management demand.
On the one hand, the new mode will improve work efficiency. On the other hand, it is in favor of enhancing tourism service level. However, the corresponding management departments still deal with the vast spatial information of many sight spots in the traditional way which not only need many staffs, but the work efficiency is relatively lower. The lower work efficiency hinders tourism further development. So far, they do not realize that computer is a powerful tool for managing spatial information. Consequently , based on the basic GIS functions such as spatial data and attribute data' s input、edit、disposal、storage、query、information release, printout、report forms、spatial analysis(buffer analysis and network analysis-the best route choice), I take Delphi as the program developed language, TatukGIS Developer Kernel of Poland TatukGIS as the second GIS development toolkit and SQL Server2000 as the database to design and develop sight spot' s management system of Dianchi lake scenic spot. The system will manage scenic spot' s information efficiently and be helpful for enhancing scenic spot' s fame and improving work efficiency for corresponding management departments of Dianchi lake scenic spot. At the same time, the system is a practicable tool for choosing tourism route and helping tourists to make travel decisions.
云南省昆明滇池名胜风景区有六十多个旅游景点,其中不乏像四大名楼之一大观楼、聂耳墓、中国第一座水电站石龙坝电站及西山龙门等知名旅游景点,从而吸引各地游客争相而来。丰富的旅游资源,庞大的旅游市场,需要利用现代技术进行管理。一方面,数量如此众多的旅游资源需要数字化和信息化的管理方式,提高管理效率:另一方面,需要一个完善的旅游服务平台,为到此地的广大游客提供方便快捷的旅游服务,提高服务质量。然而,相关部门对这些旅游资源特别是对具有数据量大、空间分布较广、分布复杂等特征的景点信息的管理还停留于以往的手工管理模式下,即使使用计算机,也仅仅是作为存储设备,不能提供空间查询和分析功能,效率极为低下,已经严重的阻碍了它的进一步发展。
本文正是在这种情况下,对GIS的一些基本理论进行研究和阐述的基础上如探讨了地理信息系统的一些基本功能诸如空间数据和属性数据的输入、编辑、处理和存储、查询、检索、统计、信息的发布、打印输出及报表和空间分析(缓冲区分析、网络分析——最优路径选择、景点选择决策分析及统计分析)等并研究是如何应用于实践中,结合地理信息系统设计和开发的基本知识,选用了Delphi程序开发语言,采用波兰TatukGIS公司的用于地理信息系统开发的第三方控件包TatukGIS Developer Kernel,选用SQL Server2000数据库,设计、开发并建成了基于GIS的滇池风景名胜区景点管理信息系统。系统的建成,有利于滇池名胜风景管理区的相关管理部门宣传景点信息、提高景点知名度及提高工作效率,也有利于游客了解滇池风景名胜区并为是否到此游玩及选择游玩线路等旅游行为提供决策。
With the development of social economy and people' s living standard, for many people, tourism has turned to be an important part of their lives. Compared with the increasingly tourism market, tourism service is obviously lagged behind. If the traditional management mode do not be changed, it will hinder the tourism market from developing further. Therefore, we must face the conflict between supply and requirement in the right way. And GIS (Geographic Information system) is a perfect way to solve the problem. We should establish Geographic Information system of tourism destination by using increasingly developing Information Technology and Geographic Information System technology. This will improve management standard and service quality of tourism, and enlarge information communication' s scope and highten tourism destination' s fame. It is also helpful for attracting tourists and upgrading tourism service level.
Dianchi lake scenic spot in Kunming city has more than sixty sight spots, some of them are well-known, such as Daguan Tower of four most famous tower in China, Nieer Grave, Shilong Dam hydrodynamic power station, first hydrodynamic power station in China and Xishan Longmen. These sight spots attract many tourists all over China or even the world. The abundant tourism resources and huge tourism market need modern technology to meet the management demand.
On the one hand, the new mode will improve work efficiency. On the other hand, it is in favor of enhancing tourism service level. However, the corresponding management departments still deal with the vast spatial information of many sight spots in the traditional way which not only need many staffs, but the work efficiency is relatively lower. The lower work efficiency hinders tourism further development. So far, they do not realize that computer is a powerful tool for managing spatial information. Consequently , based on the basic GIS functions such as spatial data and attribute data' s input、edit、disposal、storage、query、information release, printout、report forms、spatial analysis(buffer analysis and network analysis-the best route choice), I take Delphi as the program developed language, TatukGIS Developer Kernel of Poland TatukGIS as the second GIS development toolkit and SQL Server2000 as the database to design and develop sight spot' s management system of Dianchi lake scenic spot. The system will manage scenic spot' s information efficiently and be helpful for enhancing scenic spot' s fame and improving work efficiency for corresponding management departments of Dianchi lake scenic spot. At the same time, the system is a practicable tool for choosing tourism route and helping tourists to make travel decisions.
引文
[1]边馥苓.GIS地理信息系统原理与方法.北京:测绘出版社,1996
[2]邬伦.地理信息系统原理、方法和应用.北京:科学出版社,2001
[3]刘湘溶.大学生专业学习指南-分册16.长沙:湖南师范大学出版社,2006
[4]李江风.旅游信息系统概论.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2003、12
[5]黄耀丽.GIS和多媒体技术结合在旅游产品销售中的应用.佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版),2001,19(3):25-31
[6]David McAdam.GIS in Tourism management.Journal of Sustainable tourism,1999,7(1):77-91
[7]T.Bahaire,M.Elliot-White.GIS in Sustainable Tourism Planning.Journal of Sustainable Tourism Planning,1999,7(2):159-174
[8]昆明市园林局资料
[9]沈火林.黄山风景区信息化建设总体规划研究:[硕士学位论文].南京:南京邮电学院,管理科学与工程学院,2005
[10]刘光,刘小东.地理信息系统二次开发实例教程-VB.NET和MapObjects实现.北京:清华大学出版社,2004、5
[11](美)坎图(Cantu,M.)著,王辉等译,Delphi 5从入门到精通.北京:电子工业出版社,2000、5
[12]韩鹏.地理信息系统开发:MapObjects方法.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004
[13]韩鹏,徐占华,姜文亮等.地理信息系统开发:ArcObjects方法.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2005、9
[14]党安容,贾海峰,易善桢等.ArcGIS 8 Desktop地理信息系统应用指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[15]http://www.tatukgis.com/products/Dk/kernel.aspx
[16]黄云锴.GIS在防震减灾中的应用:[硕士学位论文].昆明:昆明理工大学,国土资源工程学院,2007
[17]李维.Delphi 5.x ADO/MTS/COM+高级程序设计篇.北京:机械工业出版社,2000、11
[18]许朝侠,邵丽红.应用ADO技术实现组合查询的设计[J].福建电脑,2006, 21(5):132-133
[19]谭锋,蔡丰.基于ADO技术动态创建SQL-Server数据库[J].计算机时代,2007,23(3):60-62
[20]郭薇,郭菁,胡志勇.空间数据库索引技术.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2006
[21]过志峰,王宇翔,杨崇俊.空间数据索引与查询技术研究及其应用.计算机工程与应用,2002,23(5):176-205
[22]A.Guttman.R-trees:a dynamic index structure for spatial searching[C].In:Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD Conference on Management of Data.1984:47-57
[23]N.Bechmann,H.p.Kriegel,R.Schneider et al.The R*-tree:An Efficient and Robust Access Mehtod for Points and Rectangles.In:Proc.ACM SIGMOD,Atlantic city,USA,May 1990,322-331
[24]X.Xu,J.Han,W.Lu.RT-tree:An Improved R-tree Index Structure of Spatiotemporal Databases,In:Prodeedings of the 4~(th)International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling(SDH),1990
[25]H.Samet.The quadtree and related hierarchical data structures,ACM Comp.Surveys 1984,16:187-260
[26]R.A.Finkel,J.L.Bentley.Quadtrees:A data structure for retrieval on compositive keys,Acta Infromatic,1974,4:1-9
[27]J.Banerjee,W.Kim.Supporting VLSI geometry operations in a database system.IEEE Pro.Data Engineering Conf.,Los Angeles,CA,1986,409-415
[28]J.Tayeb,O.Ulusoy,O.Wolfson.A Quadtree Based Dynamic Attribute Indexing Method.The Computer Journal,1998,41(3):185-200
[29]阎超德,赵学胜.GIS空间索引方法述评.地理与地理信息科学,2004,20(4):23-26
[30]张丽芬,王晓华,胡景松等.基于网格划分的几种空间索引.北京理工大学学报,2004,24(2):140-144
[31]昆明市勘察测绘研究院提供资料
[32]李满春.GIS设计与实现.北京:科学出版社,2003
[33]宫光力,赵文吉,李小娟等.旅游地理信息系统-设计、开发与应用.北京:科学出版社,2005
[34]吴信才.地理信息系统设计与实现.北京:电子工业出版,2003
[35]F.Benjamin Zhan.Three fastest shortest path algorithms on real road networks.Journal of Geographic Information and Decision Analysis.1997,1:69-82
[36]胡明光,张亮.GIS网络分析功能的实现.科教文汇,2007,09X:216-219
[37]马德涛,刘建忠,王锐等.基于ArcGIS Server的城市道路最短路径分析方法研究.海洋测绘,2007,27(5),58-61
[38]黄登峰.GIS最短路径分析中关键算法的研究.城市勘测,2007,35(4):68-71
[39]古凌岚.GIS最短路径分析中Dijkstra算法的优化.计算机与数字工程,2006,34(12):53-56
[40]董涌江.GIS网络分析功能的实现.三晋测绘,2003,10(4):19-21
[41]刘云翔,陈莹,李军等.基于城市道路网的最短路径分析解决方案.小型微型计算机系,2003,24(7):1390-1393
[42]YUEPeng,WANGYandong,GONGJianya.Network Analysis Modeling Towards GIS Based on Object-Relation Database.GEO-SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE,2004,7(3):174-179
[43]付晶,郑中霖,高峻.GIS技术在旅游线路设计中的应用.上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2006,35(3):92-97
[44]陈旺松,查良松,杜美庆.基于WebGIS的旅游线路选择决策支持系统研究.国土资源科技管理,2007,24(3):84-86
[45]胡艳,丁树柏,邹立群.用决策支持系统优选管道线路.石油规划设计,2004,15(6):15-17
[46]AdolphNyamugama,DUQingyun.Design and Implementation of Framework of Mobile GIS Based on Phone Terminal for Environmental Monitoring.Geo-Spatial Information Science,2005,8(1):45-49
[47]李飞,刘松林,赵夫来.基于WebGIS的旅游景区监控预警系统研究.北京测绘,2007,20(1),26-28
[48]YUANJie,XIEKun-qing,MAXiu-jun.A solution of spatial query processing and query optimization for spatial databases.Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Natural Sciences Edition),2004,16(5):165-172
[49]ZHUQing,HUANGDuo,YAOXuefeng,et al.An Oracle-based Data Management Method for Large Database in CyberCity GIS.Geo-Spatial Information Science,2003,6(4):39-43
[50]robertP.Biuk-hghai.A Mobile GIS Appication to Heavily Resource-Constrained Devices.Geo-Spatial Information Science,2004,7(1):50-57
[51]汤国安,杨昕.McGIS地理信息系统空间分析实验教程.北京:科学出版社,2006
[52]张莉,王强,赵文坊等.SQL Server数据库原理及应用教.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.1
[53]刘仁义,朱焱.WebGIS技术信息查询系统开发及实现[J].计算机应用研究,2001,18(3):102-104
[54]朱炳贵.旅游地理信息系统的研究[J].国土资源遥感,2002,(3):72-74
[55]Graham Brown,Stephen Essex.Sustainable Tourism Management:Lessons from The Edge of Australia.JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM,Australia:1997,5(4),294-306
[56]唐俊雅.旅游管理信息化的初步研究.福建旅游论丛.2002(3):77-84
[57]陈颖彪,钟耳顺,千庆兰.基于ComGIS旅游专家信息系统的研制-以北京市昌平区为例[J].地理信息科学,2002,34(3):79-84
[58]孙丰念.关于建立城市旅游地理信息系统的构想.商场现代化,2006,05S:285-286
[2]邬伦.地理信息系统原理、方法和应用.北京:科学出版社,2001
[3]刘湘溶.大学生专业学习指南-分册16.长沙:湖南师范大学出版社,2006
[4]李江风.旅游信息系统概论.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2003、12
[5]黄耀丽.GIS和多媒体技术结合在旅游产品销售中的应用.佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版),2001,19(3):25-31
[6]David McAdam.GIS in Tourism management.Journal of Sustainable tourism,1999,7(1):77-91
[7]T.Bahaire,M.Elliot-White.GIS in Sustainable Tourism Planning.Journal of Sustainable Tourism Planning,1999,7(2):159-174
[8]昆明市园林局资料
[9]沈火林.黄山风景区信息化建设总体规划研究:[硕士学位论文].南京:南京邮电学院,管理科学与工程学院,2005
[10]刘光,刘小东.地理信息系统二次开发实例教程-VB.NET和MapObjects实现.北京:清华大学出版社,2004、5
[11](美)坎图(Cantu,M.)著,王辉等译,Delphi 5从入门到精通.北京:电子工业出版社,2000、5
[12]韩鹏.地理信息系统开发:MapObjects方法.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004
[13]韩鹏,徐占华,姜文亮等.地理信息系统开发:ArcObjects方法.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2005、9
[14]党安容,贾海峰,易善桢等.ArcGIS 8 Desktop地理信息系统应用指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[15]http://www.tatukgis.com/products/Dk/kernel.aspx
[16]黄云锴.GIS在防震减灾中的应用:[硕士学位论文].昆明:昆明理工大学,国土资源工程学院,2007
[17]李维.Delphi 5.x ADO/MTS/COM+高级程序设计篇.北京:机械工业出版社,2000、11
[18]许朝侠,邵丽红.应用ADO技术实现组合查询的设计[J].福建电脑,2006, 21(5):132-133
[19]谭锋,蔡丰.基于ADO技术动态创建SQL-Server数据库[J].计算机时代,2007,23(3):60-62
[20]郭薇,郭菁,胡志勇.空间数据库索引技术.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2006
[21]过志峰,王宇翔,杨崇俊.空间数据索引与查询技术研究及其应用.计算机工程与应用,2002,23(5):176-205
[22]A.Guttman.R-trees:a dynamic index structure for spatial searching[C].In:Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD Conference on Management of Data.1984:47-57
[23]N.Bechmann,H.p.Kriegel,R.Schneider et al.The R*-tree:An Efficient and Robust Access Mehtod for Points and Rectangles.In:Proc.ACM SIGMOD,Atlantic city,USA,May 1990,322-331
[24]X.Xu,J.Han,W.Lu.RT-tree:An Improved R-tree Index Structure of Spatiotemporal Databases,In:Prodeedings of the 4~(th)International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling(SDH),1990
[25]H.Samet.The quadtree and related hierarchical data structures,ACM Comp.Surveys 1984,16:187-260
[26]R.A.Finkel,J.L.Bentley.Quadtrees:A data structure for retrieval on compositive keys,Acta Infromatic,1974,4:1-9
[27]J.Banerjee,W.Kim.Supporting VLSI geometry operations in a database system.IEEE Pro.Data Engineering Conf.,Los Angeles,CA,1986,409-415
[28]J.Tayeb,O.Ulusoy,O.Wolfson.A Quadtree Based Dynamic Attribute Indexing Method.The Computer Journal,1998,41(3):185-200
[29]阎超德,赵学胜.GIS空间索引方法述评.地理与地理信息科学,2004,20(4):23-26
[30]张丽芬,王晓华,胡景松等.基于网格划分的几种空间索引.北京理工大学学报,2004,24(2):140-144
[31]昆明市勘察测绘研究院提供资料
[32]李满春.GIS设计与实现.北京:科学出版社,2003
[33]宫光力,赵文吉,李小娟等.旅游地理信息系统-设计、开发与应用.北京:科学出版社,2005
[34]吴信才.地理信息系统设计与实现.北京:电子工业出版,2003
[35]F.Benjamin Zhan.Three fastest shortest path algorithms on real road networks.Journal of Geographic Information and Decision Analysis.1997,1:69-82
[36]胡明光,张亮.GIS网络分析功能的实现.科教文汇,2007,09X:216-219
[37]马德涛,刘建忠,王锐等.基于ArcGIS Server的城市道路最短路径分析方法研究.海洋测绘,2007,27(5),58-61
[38]黄登峰.GIS最短路径分析中关键算法的研究.城市勘测,2007,35(4):68-71
[39]古凌岚.GIS最短路径分析中Dijkstra算法的优化.计算机与数字工程,2006,34(12):53-56
[40]董涌江.GIS网络分析功能的实现.三晋测绘,2003,10(4):19-21
[41]刘云翔,陈莹,李军等.基于城市道路网的最短路径分析解决方案.小型微型计算机系,2003,24(7):1390-1393
[42]YUEPeng,WANGYandong,GONGJianya.Network Analysis Modeling Towards GIS Based on Object-Relation Database.GEO-SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE,2004,7(3):174-179
[43]付晶,郑中霖,高峻.GIS技术在旅游线路设计中的应用.上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2006,35(3):92-97
[44]陈旺松,查良松,杜美庆.基于WebGIS的旅游线路选择决策支持系统研究.国土资源科技管理,2007,24(3):84-86
[45]胡艳,丁树柏,邹立群.用决策支持系统优选管道线路.石油规划设计,2004,15(6):15-17
[46]AdolphNyamugama,DUQingyun.Design and Implementation of Framework of Mobile GIS Based on Phone Terminal for Environmental Monitoring.Geo-Spatial Information Science,2005,8(1):45-49
[47]李飞,刘松林,赵夫来.基于WebGIS的旅游景区监控预警系统研究.北京测绘,2007,20(1),26-28
[48]YUANJie,XIEKun-qing,MAXiu-jun.A solution of spatial query processing and query optimization for spatial databases.Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Natural Sciences Edition),2004,16(5):165-172
[49]ZHUQing,HUANGDuo,YAOXuefeng,et al.An Oracle-based Data Management Method for Large Database in CyberCity GIS.Geo-Spatial Information Science,2003,6(4):39-43
[50]robertP.Biuk-hghai.A Mobile GIS Appication to Heavily Resource-Constrained Devices.Geo-Spatial Information Science,2004,7(1):50-57
[51]汤国安,杨昕.McGIS地理信息系统空间分析实验教程.北京:科学出版社,2006
[52]张莉,王强,赵文坊等.SQL Server数据库原理及应用教.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.1
[53]刘仁义,朱焱.WebGIS技术信息查询系统开发及实现[J].计算机应用研究,2001,18(3):102-104
[54]朱炳贵.旅游地理信息系统的研究[J].国土资源遥感,2002,(3):72-74
[55]Graham Brown,Stephen Essex.Sustainable Tourism Management:Lessons from The Edge of Australia.JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM,Australia:1997,5(4),294-306
[56]唐俊雅.旅游管理信息化的初步研究.福建旅游论丛.2002(3):77-84
[57]陈颖彪,钟耳顺,千庆兰.基于ComGIS旅游专家信息系统的研制-以北京市昌平区为例[J].地理信息科学,2002,34(3):79-84
[58]孙丰念.关于建立城市旅游地理信息系统的构想.商场现代化,2006,05S:285-286