我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间机理研究
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摘要
经济核心地的发展扩散伴随着经济社会发展以及工业化、城市化的全过程。目前国内外学术界对于发展扩散中的创新扩散、技术扩散等进行过讨论，但已有的区域思维、区域发展理论、扩散理论等均缺乏对于扩散现象的解释即扩散机理的研究；而现实中，区域非均衡发展问题、区域差异性问题、区域外部性问题等日益加强，对于这些问题的认识与解决亟需相关理论支撑，经济核心地发展扩散的空间机理研究具有重要的理论与实践意义，本文的选题正是基于此背景而提出的。
本研究以对国内外文献的理论梳理为基础，以SPSS统计软件、Eviews计量经济软件、Matlab数学软件以及ArcGIS空间分析软件为工具，采用因子分析法、主成分分析法、Granger因果检验法、随机游动模型模拟法，结合理论模型的构建，对我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间机理进行了探讨。全文共分为八章：
第一章导论部分，分析了文章的选题背景；对经济核心地、发展扩散、空间机理的概念进行了界定；并简单介绍了文章的研究目的、研究意义、拟采用的研究方法以及文章的体系结构与章节安排。
第二章国内外相关研究与述评，从经济核心地的研究、发展扩散的研究、经济核心地的发展扩散研究以及发展扩散的空间机理研究四个方面对国内外相关研究进行了梳理，并对已有相关研究进行了简要述评。
第三章我国经济核心地的地理格局，构建了经济核心地测度指标体系，运用主成分分析法对我国经济核心地进行了测度，确定了我国经济核心地的等级体系与空间分布格局，并对我国一级经济核心地与我国经济发展的格局进行了简单的探讨。
第四章我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间模式，从区域发展扩散的影响系数、空间距离对发展扩散的影响的角度出发构建发展模型，探索了我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间模式类型，并借鉴随机游动模型，提出了发展扩散在非均质空间环境下的扩散方程，利用Matlab软件对发展扩散的空间模式进行了模拟。
第五章特定空间模式下经济核心地发展扩散的影响因素，结合国内外相关研究及我国的实际情况，分析了我国经济核心地发展扩散的影响因素及其作用方式，并构建了空间模式与影响因素的二维理论模型。文章研究认为，我国经济核心地发展扩散的影响因素主要包括地理环境、空间距离、发展势差、空间聚集、基础设施和制度环境，各影响因素通过形成发展扩散障碍、改变发展扩散成本和决定发展扩散能力这三种方式来对经济核心地发展扩散过程产生影响。
第六章我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间机理，基于二维理论模型探究了我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间机理，并构建了空间模式、影响因素与空间机理的三维理论模型。文章研究认为，我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间机理主要包括空间规模递增机理、地价竞租机理、要素流动机理、市场空间竞合机理、产业链条机理以及政府激励机制。各空间机理通过内部驱动和外部拉动作用于经济核心地的发展扩散。
第七章基于三维模型的我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间效应，基于空间模式、影响因素与空间机理的三维理论模型，探究了我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间效应。文章研究认为，发展空间扩散存在促进区域经济增长、平衡区域差距、提升区域就业、促进区域可持续发展的空间正效应，以及使接受发展扩散区域生态环境遭受破坏、接受发展扩散区域发展机会的剥夺以及发展扩散引起的人口流动会带来一些不稳定性因素的空间负效应。
第八章结论部分，主要进行了论文研究的学术总结。通过对论文研究的总结归纳，概括了8点基本结论和4个创新点；最后指出了论文研究的不足之处及今后的研究方向。
Development Diffusion of the economic core areas goes along with the whole process ofsocio-economic development, industrialization, and urbanization. Nowadays, the domesticand foreign academic circles discussed the innovation diffusion and technology diffusionwhich belong to the development diffusion. In the theoretical context of existing regionalthinking such as regional development theory and diffusion theory can not explain thephenomenon of economic development diffusion. In another word, the theories were short ofresearch on diffusion mechanism. In reality, it is badly in needed of support of related theoryto understand and solve the increasingly problems of unbalanced development, regionaldifferences and regional externalities. Thus, it has important theoretical and practicalsignificance to research on space mechanism of development diffusion of the economic corearea. The choice of the topic of this dissertation is based on this background.
This study is based on the theory combing of the literature, take statistical software SPSS,econometric software Eviews, mathematical software Matlab and Spatial Analyst softwareArc GIS as tools, use factor analysis, principal component analysis, Granger causality test,random walk model simulation method combined with the theoretical model. This researchdiscussed the space mechanism of development diffusion of the economic core areas in China.This thesis is divided into eight chapters:
ChapterⅠ focuses on the preface, the research backgrounds, the purpose, thesignificance, and the method. The content and the concept definition of “Economic CoreArea”,“Development Diffusion”and “Space Mechanism” are also presented in this chapter.
Chapter Ⅱ I reviews the research of economic core area, development diffusion,development diffusion of economic core area and space mechanism of development diffusionfrom foreign and domestic.
Chapter Ⅲ provides the constructed measure index system of economic core areas,calculated the degree of economic core in China by PCA and got the hierarchy of China’seconomic core areas and the spatial distribution pattern, then discussed the first gradeeconomic core areas and the pattern of economic development in China.
Chapter Ⅳ tackles the constructed of the development model, explored the type of thespatial patterns of development diffusion of China’s economic core areas and divided intothree types: Neighborhood diffusion, hierarchical diffusion and jump diffusion starting fromthe impact factor of regional Development Diffusion, the impact of spatial distance ondevelopment diffusion and proposed the diffusion equation of development diffusion in heterogeneous space environment based on random walk model and simulated the types ofdevelopment diffusion by Matlab.
Chapter Ⅴ analyzes the influence factors of economic core areas and its mode of action,constructed Two-dimensional theoretical model of spatial pattern and influence factors of thedevelopment diffusion of economic core areas. This chapter indicates the influence factorsinclude geographical environment, spatial distance, development difference, spatialaggregation, infrastructure and institutional environment. These factors affect the process ofdevelopment diffusion of economic core areas by three ways: forming obstacles, changing thecost of development diffusion and deciding the capacity of development diffusion.
Chapter Ⅵ focuses on the theoretical analysis on space mechanism of developmentdiffusion of the economic core areas in China based on the Two-dimensional theoreticalmodel and constructed Three-dimensional theoretical model of spatial patterns, influencingfactors and spatial mechanism. The chapter also indicates the space mechanism includeincreasing spatial scale mechanism, premium competition mechanism, factor mobilitymechanism, market space competing mechanism, industrial chain mechanism andgovernment incentives. These spaces mechanism affect the development diffusion ofeconomic core areas by internal driving and external pulling.
Chapter Ⅶ anglicizes the spatial effect of the development diffusion of economic coreareas in China based on the Three-dimensional theoretical model. The research indicates thatthere are positive spatial effect and negative space effect. The positive spatial effects includepromoting regional economic growth, balancing regional disparities, enhancing regionalemployment and promoting regional sustainable development. The negative space effectsinclude destructing ecological environment of the area accepted development diffusion,depriving its development opportunities and the instability factors brought by populationmovement aroused by development diffusion.
In Chapter Ⅷ I attempt to draw some conclusions from the content above. In the wholedissertation I try to generalize8basic conclusions and4innovative points. Furthermore, thestudy puts forward the inadequacy of the study and research directions in future.
本研究以对国内外文献的理论梳理为基础，以SPSS统计软件、Eviews计量经济软件、Matlab数学软件以及ArcGIS空间分析软件为工具，采用因子分析法、主成分分析法、Granger因果检验法、随机游动模型模拟法，结合理论模型的构建，对我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间机理进行了探讨。全文共分为八章：
第一章导论部分，分析了文章的选题背景；对经济核心地、发展扩散、空间机理的概念进行了界定；并简单介绍了文章的研究目的、研究意义、拟采用的研究方法以及文章的体系结构与章节安排。
第二章国内外相关研究与述评，从经济核心地的研究、发展扩散的研究、经济核心地的发展扩散研究以及发展扩散的空间机理研究四个方面对国内外相关研究进行了梳理，并对已有相关研究进行了简要述评。
第三章我国经济核心地的地理格局，构建了经济核心地测度指标体系，运用主成分分析法对我国经济核心地进行了测度，确定了我国经济核心地的等级体系与空间分布格局，并对我国一级经济核心地与我国经济发展的格局进行了简单的探讨。
第四章我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间模式，从区域发展扩散的影响系数、空间距离对发展扩散的影响的角度出发构建发展模型，探索了我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间模式类型，并借鉴随机游动模型，提出了发展扩散在非均质空间环境下的扩散方程，利用Matlab软件对发展扩散的空间模式进行了模拟。
第五章特定空间模式下经济核心地发展扩散的影响因素，结合国内外相关研究及我国的实际情况，分析了我国经济核心地发展扩散的影响因素及其作用方式，并构建了空间模式与影响因素的二维理论模型。文章研究认为，我国经济核心地发展扩散的影响因素主要包括地理环境、空间距离、发展势差、空间聚集、基础设施和制度环境，各影响因素通过形成发展扩散障碍、改变发展扩散成本和决定发展扩散能力这三种方式来对经济核心地发展扩散过程产生影响。
第六章我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间机理，基于二维理论模型探究了我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间机理，并构建了空间模式、影响因素与空间机理的三维理论模型。文章研究认为，我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间机理主要包括空间规模递增机理、地价竞租机理、要素流动机理、市场空间竞合机理、产业链条机理以及政府激励机制。各空间机理通过内部驱动和外部拉动作用于经济核心地的发展扩散。
第七章基于三维模型的我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间效应，基于空间模式、影响因素与空间机理的三维理论模型，探究了我国经济核心地发展扩散的空间效应。文章研究认为，发展空间扩散存在促进区域经济增长、平衡区域差距、提升区域就业、促进区域可持续发展的空间正效应，以及使接受发展扩散区域生态环境遭受破坏、接受发展扩散区域发展机会的剥夺以及发展扩散引起的人口流动会带来一些不稳定性因素的空间负效应。
第八章结论部分，主要进行了论文研究的学术总结。通过对论文研究的总结归纳，概括了8点基本结论和4个创新点；最后指出了论文研究的不足之处及今后的研究方向。
Development Diffusion of the economic core areas goes along with the whole process ofsocio-economic development, industrialization, and urbanization. Nowadays, the domesticand foreign academic circles discussed the innovation diffusion and technology diffusionwhich belong to the development diffusion. In the theoretical context of existing regionalthinking such as regional development theory and diffusion theory can not explain thephenomenon of economic development diffusion. In another word, the theories were short ofresearch on diffusion mechanism. In reality, it is badly in needed of support of related theoryto understand and solve the increasingly problems of unbalanced development, regionaldifferences and regional externalities. Thus, it has important theoretical and practicalsignificance to research on space mechanism of development diffusion of the economic corearea. The choice of the topic of this dissertation is based on this background.
This study is based on the theory combing of the literature, take statistical software SPSS,econometric software Eviews, mathematical software Matlab and Spatial Analyst softwareArc GIS as tools, use factor analysis, principal component analysis, Granger causality test,random walk model simulation method combined with the theoretical model. This researchdiscussed the space mechanism of development diffusion of the economic core areas in China.This thesis is divided into eight chapters:
ChapterⅠ focuses on the preface, the research backgrounds, the purpose, thesignificance, and the method. The content and the concept definition of “Economic CoreArea”,“Development Diffusion”and “Space Mechanism” are also presented in this chapter.
Chapter Ⅱ I reviews the research of economic core area, development diffusion,development diffusion of economic core area and space mechanism of development diffusionfrom foreign and domestic.
Chapter Ⅲ provides the constructed measure index system of economic core areas,calculated the degree of economic core in China by PCA and got the hierarchy of China’seconomic core areas and the spatial distribution pattern, then discussed the first gradeeconomic core areas and the pattern of economic development in China.
Chapter Ⅳ tackles the constructed of the development model, explored the type of thespatial patterns of development diffusion of China’s economic core areas and divided intothree types: Neighborhood diffusion, hierarchical diffusion and jump diffusion starting fromthe impact factor of regional Development Diffusion, the impact of spatial distance ondevelopment diffusion and proposed the diffusion equation of development diffusion in heterogeneous space environment based on random walk model and simulated the types ofdevelopment diffusion by Matlab.
Chapter Ⅴ analyzes the influence factors of economic core areas and its mode of action,constructed Two-dimensional theoretical model of spatial pattern and influence factors of thedevelopment diffusion of economic core areas. This chapter indicates the influence factorsinclude geographical environment, spatial distance, development difference, spatialaggregation, infrastructure and institutional environment. These factors affect the process ofdevelopment diffusion of economic core areas by three ways: forming obstacles, changing thecost of development diffusion and deciding the capacity of development diffusion.
Chapter Ⅵ focuses on the theoretical analysis on space mechanism of developmentdiffusion of the economic core areas in China based on the Two-dimensional theoreticalmodel and constructed Three-dimensional theoretical model of spatial patterns, influencingfactors and spatial mechanism. The chapter also indicates the space mechanism includeincreasing spatial scale mechanism, premium competition mechanism, factor mobilitymechanism, market space competing mechanism, industrial chain mechanism andgovernment incentives. These spaces mechanism affect the development diffusion ofeconomic core areas by internal driving and external pulling.
Chapter Ⅶ anglicizes the spatial effect of the development diffusion of economic coreareas in China based on the Three-dimensional theoretical model. The research indicates thatthere are positive spatial effect and negative space effect. The positive spatial effects includepromoting regional economic growth, balancing regional disparities, enhancing regionalemployment and promoting regional sustainable development. The negative space effectsinclude destructing ecological environment of the area accepted development diffusion,depriving its development opportunities and the instability factors brought by populationmovement aroused by development diffusion.
In Chapter Ⅷ I attempt to draw some conclusions from the content above. In the wholedissertation I try to generalize8basic conclusions and4innovative points. Furthermore, thestudy puts forward the inadequacy of the study and research directions in future.
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