基于GPRS/GIS/GPS的油田远程监控系统
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摘要
随着网络和通讯技术的迅速发展,远程监控系统在工业控制领域中有着越来越重要的意义。在许多工业场合,尤其是对于油田这样分散的、无人值守的现场,需要对井场数据进行实时采集,以便及时了解现场的情况,并根据现场情况对油井进行实时控制。传统的远程监控系统的实现方式一般需要建设并维护通信网络,投资和维护费用高。随着通信技术的发展,原有的远程监控系统已经不能满足多方面的要求,市场急需一种功能与现场生产结合紧密、性能稳定、建网成本低、通信可靠的远程监控系统。
本文提出了一种基于GPRS(General Packet Radio Service)/GIS(Geogra-phic Information System)/GPS(Global Positioning System)的油田远程监控系统。结合目前油田所使用监控系统情况,系统在设计过程中采用了模块化设计思想,各功能模块可根据油田的不同需求单独使用。
系统主要由GPRS/GPS无线通信系统、示功图采集装置和油田GIS智能分析诊断软件组成。在系统方案中通过对当前应用较为广泛的无线通信方式的性能对比,最终系统采用了以GPRS并结合无线自组网的无线通信方式。系统在设计中采用MODBUS协议,提高了系统的集成度和可扩展性。
示功图是掌握油井整体运行工况的一个重要方法。针对目前油田使用的示功图采集装置安装测量不便、实时性差问题,开发了一体化无位移传感器远程示功图采集装置。本文详述了该装置的设计原理及现场应用状况。
油田GIS智能分析软件负责远程采集装置数据的接收、汇总、分析和处理,是整个系统的重要组成部分;油田GIS智能分析软件采用Borland公司的C++ Builder 6.0作为开发平台,实现了数据的分析、处理、存储、工作状态分析、故障报警、油井状况的电子地图快速查看等功能。
本系统在2007年已经投入使用,整体运行良好,实践证明本系统的实用性,先进行和可靠性。
With the rapid development of networks and communication technology, the remote monitor control system is more and more important in the industry control field. In many industrial occasions, especially for some distributed and no watcher sites such as oil field, we need to collect the real time data to know the situation of the sites in time and to do real-time control. General traditional remote monitoring systems need to build and maintain a communication network, and this needs to spend much more on investment and maintenance. With the development of communication technique, the traditional remote monitoring system has been unable to meet various requirements, and the market needs a combination of function and the production remote monitoring system has integrated, stable performance, low cost of network construction and reliable communication.
The oil field Remote Monitoring System based on GPRS(General Packet Radio Service)/GIS(Geographic Information System)/GPS(Global Positioning System)is put forward in the dissertation. Combining the current monitoring system used by the oil field managers now, the system took a modular design concept in the design process, and the functional modules can be used alone under different needs.
The main compositions of system are the GPRS/GPS wireless communica-tion system, the dynamograph collection equipment and the intelligent analysis oilfield GIS software. Compared with the wireless communications which has the wider application, the system chooses a GPRS combined with wireless ad hoc network finally. The systems use the MODBUS protocol in the design to improve integration and scalability of the system.
Dynamograph is an important method to master the conditions of the oil wells. According to the installed inconvenience, poor real-time of the dynamogra-ph collection equipment used presently, the system designs integrated dynamo-graph collection equipment without displacement sensor. The dissertation details the design of the device and the field application.
Oil field GIS analysis software is an important part of the system which is responsible for intelligent remote data acquisition devices to receive, aggregate, analyze and process, and the software use Borland C++ Builder 6.0 as a develop-ment platform. This software has the functions of the data analysis, processing, storing, and working state analysis, fault alarm, the situation of oil wells electron-ic map show.
This system has been put into use in 2007, and the overall well-functioning practice proved the practicality and the reliability of the system.
本文提出了一种基于GPRS(General Packet Radio Service)/GIS(Geogra-phic Information System)/GPS(Global Positioning System)的油田远程监控系统。结合目前油田所使用监控系统情况,系统在设计过程中采用了模块化设计思想,各功能模块可根据油田的不同需求单独使用。
系统主要由GPRS/GPS无线通信系统、示功图采集装置和油田GIS智能分析诊断软件组成。在系统方案中通过对当前应用较为广泛的无线通信方式的性能对比,最终系统采用了以GPRS并结合无线自组网的无线通信方式。系统在设计中采用MODBUS协议,提高了系统的集成度和可扩展性。
示功图是掌握油井整体运行工况的一个重要方法。针对目前油田使用的示功图采集装置安装测量不便、实时性差问题,开发了一体化无位移传感器远程示功图采集装置。本文详述了该装置的设计原理及现场应用状况。
油田GIS智能分析软件负责远程采集装置数据的接收、汇总、分析和处理,是整个系统的重要组成部分;油田GIS智能分析软件采用Borland公司的C++ Builder 6.0作为开发平台,实现了数据的分析、处理、存储、工作状态分析、故障报警、油井状况的电子地图快速查看等功能。
本系统在2007年已经投入使用,整体运行良好,实践证明本系统的实用性,先进行和可靠性。
With the rapid development of networks and communication technology, the remote monitor control system is more and more important in the industry control field. In many industrial occasions, especially for some distributed and no watcher sites such as oil field, we need to collect the real time data to know the situation of the sites in time and to do real-time control. General traditional remote monitoring systems need to build and maintain a communication network, and this needs to spend much more on investment and maintenance. With the development of communication technique, the traditional remote monitoring system has been unable to meet various requirements, and the market needs a combination of function and the production remote monitoring system has integrated, stable performance, low cost of network construction and reliable communication.
The oil field Remote Monitoring System based on GPRS(General Packet Radio Service)/GIS(Geographic Information System)/GPS(Global Positioning System)is put forward in the dissertation. Combining the current monitoring system used by the oil field managers now, the system took a modular design concept in the design process, and the functional modules can be used alone under different needs.
The main compositions of system are the GPRS/GPS wireless communica-tion system, the dynamograph collection equipment and the intelligent analysis oilfield GIS software. Compared with the wireless communications which has the wider application, the system chooses a GPRS combined with wireless ad hoc network finally. The systems use the MODBUS protocol in the design to improve integration and scalability of the system.
Dynamograph is an important method to master the conditions of the oil wells. According to the installed inconvenience, poor real-time of the dynamogra-ph collection equipment used presently, the system designs integrated dynamo-graph collection equipment without displacement sensor. The dissertation details the design of the device and the field application.
Oil field GIS analysis software is an important part of the system which is responsible for intelligent remote data acquisition devices to receive, aggregate, analyze and process, and the software use Borland C++ Builder 6.0 as a develop-ment platform. This software has the functions of the data analysis, processing, storing, and working state analysis, fault alarm, the situation of oil wells electron-ic map show.
This system has been put into use in 2007, and the overall well-functioning practice proved the practicality and the reliability of the system.
引文
[1]田军庆,高辉.浅谈“数字油田”的建立[J].油气田地面工程, 2002, 21(4): 133-134.
[2]姜伟,王红云,马令勇. GIS技术在数字油田建设中的应用[J].油气田地面工程, 2006, 25(7): 52-53.
[3]景民昌,刘振峰.数字地球、数字中国与数字油田[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版), 2003, 18(6): 82-85.
[4]田锋,王权.数字油田研究与建设的现状和发展趋势[J].油气田地面工程, 2004, 23(11): 52-53.
[5]段鸿杰.数字油田从理论到实践[J].数字化工, 2004, (9): 11-13.
[6]韩冰,李芬华. GPRS技术在数据采集与监控系统中的应用[J].电子技术, 2003, (8): 26-29.
[7] CASSARA FRANK A. Wire communications laboratory[J]. IEEE Transactions on Education, 2006, 49(1): 132-140.
[8]袁明新,李勇,张勇.汽车状态远程监测中计算机与手机通讯的实现[J],工业控制计算机, 2003, 16(3): 53-55.
[9]黄荣星,许士敏.基于GPRS通信技术的城市水资源监测系统[J].现代电子技术, 2004, (11): 43-45.
[10]曾红梅. GPRS系统原理及其实现[J].移动通信, 2002, (12): 40-42.
[11]胡一氢. GPRS及其在远程监控中的应用[J].计算机技术应用, 2005, (2): 40-44.
[12]叶永彪,吕瑞典,宋志刚.基于GPRS的抽油机示功图在线监测[J].石油工业计算机应用, 2005, 13(4): 14-16.
[13]龚明,王毅.远程数据传输[J].现代电子技术, 2005, (5): 52-53.
[14]李迎伟.基于GPRS的油井远程在线监测系统研究[D].武汉理工大学, 2005: 2-3.
[15]李学海. PIC单片机实践[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2004: 182.
[16]付润江,易国华,杨立安.基于GPRS的油井远程监测系统[J].长江大学学报(自科版), 2005, 2(7): 229-231.
[17]林梅金,罗飞,李如雄. GPRS网络的远程监控系统[J].计算机工程, 2006, 32(3): 240-241.
[18]姚建豪,吴文彪.基于GPRS的采油井网远程监控系统[J].石油仪器, 2005, 19(2): 35-37.
[19] MC35i Hardware Interface Description[EB/OL]. Germany. Siemens Mobile S-iemense AG information and communication, 2003[2007.09.16]. http://www-.siemens.com.
[20]李征明,朴在林.基于GPS/GPRS的电力智能巡检系统的设计与研究[J].农业网络信息, 2006, (8): 13-15.
[21] WANG Jian, GAO Jingxiang, XU Changhui. Single Epoch GPS Deforma-tion Signals Extraction and Gross Error Detection Technique Based on Wavelet T-ransform[J]. Geospatial Information Science(Quarterly), 2006, 9(3): 187-190.
[22]朱志宇,张代华.应用Delphi实现GPS接收机与MapInfo之间的通讯[J].微型计算机, 2006, 22(10): 218-220.
[23]张闯,刘万军. GPRS技术在油田监测系统中的应用研究[J].工业控制计算机, 2006, 19(4): 20-22.
[24] LIU Jiaoyu, WU Meiling, TAN Jie. Design and research on GPRS DTU[J]. El-ectric Power Automation Equipment, 2006, 26(3): 89-91.
[25] SAVELIEV S N, PIMENOY V A. Use of GPRS protocol of the GSM 900/180-0 mobile telebommunication system in telemonitoring systems of remote obje-cts[J]. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, 2005, 64(5): 377-381.
[26]胡珊,顾其威.无人值守变电站智能化远程图像监控系统[J].计算机工程, 2003, 29(2): 218-220.
[27]胡大可. MSP430系列FLASH型超低功耗16位单片机[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2001: 71-83.
[28]胡大可. MSP430系列单片机C语言程序设计与开发[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2002: 133.
[29] CAO Heng, LI Shuai, XI Yunhui. Design of high precision intelligent pressure transmitter based on MSP430 MCU[J]. Journal of Vibration, Measurement and Diagnosis, 2006, 26(1): 28-32.
[30]魏小龙. MSP430系列单片机接口技术及系统设计实例[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2002: 85-120.
[31] QU Yang, LIANG Zhe, JIN Lin. Research on motor protector based on MSP-430 micro-controller[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2005, 26:347-348.
[32] METZ CHRISTOPHER. Pointed look at the point-to-point protocol[J]. IEEE Internet Computing, 1999, 3(4): 85-88.
[33] SAVELIEV S N, PIMENOV V A. The use of ADXL accelerometers in vibra-tion technical security systems[J]. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, 2005, 64(5): 419-424.
[34] BOWLING STEPHEN, RICHEY RODQER. Two approaches to measuring ac-celerateon[J]. Sensors, 2000, 17(2): 46-49.
[35] KISIEL ADAM, TALUC TOMASZ, BRONIOWSKI. Thermal heavylon gene-rator[J]. Computer Physics Communications. 2006, 174(8): 669-687.
[36] CHUNG HUNG CHI, ENOTOMO TOMOYUKI, LOH KENNETH. Real-time visualization of bridge structural response through wireless MEMs sensors[J]. The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2004, 5392: 239-246.
[37] RAMESHBABU N, RAO K. Acclerated microwave processing of nanocryst-alline hydroxyapatite[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2005, 40(23): 6319-6323.
[38] LI Wenwei. Practicable skill of software design for MSP430 series on C langu-age[J]. Control and Instruments in Chemical Industry, 2004, 31(6): 36-38.
[39]胡大可,季燕飞.应用MSP430微控制器需注意的问题[J].电子产品世界, 2002, (3): 63.
[40]金艳. GPRS/GSM在安全监控及数据采集中的应用[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文, 2006: 75.
[41]梅成刚,马进德,陆正武. C++ Builder项目开发实践[M].北京:中国铁道出版社, 2003: 86.
[42]杨斌,叶云霞,刘小勇.基于MapX的组件式GIS集成系统的开发与应用[J].测绘与空间地理信息, 2005, 28(3): 74-77.
[43]李连营,李清泉,李汉武.基于MapX的GIS应用开发[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社, 2003: 78.
[44] MapInfo公司. MapX开发人员指南[Z].纽约: MapInfo公司, 2002: 11-14.
[45]葛瑛芳. MapX在地理信息系统中的运用[J].浙江水利科技, 2003, (1): 14-16.
[46]陈玉峰. SQL Server 2000数据库开发教程[M].科学出版社. 2003: 21-23.
[2]姜伟,王红云,马令勇. GIS技术在数字油田建设中的应用[J].油气田地面工程, 2006, 25(7): 52-53.
[3]景民昌,刘振峰.数字地球、数字中国与数字油田[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版), 2003, 18(6): 82-85.
[4]田锋,王权.数字油田研究与建设的现状和发展趋势[J].油气田地面工程, 2004, 23(11): 52-53.
[5]段鸿杰.数字油田从理论到实践[J].数字化工, 2004, (9): 11-13.
[6]韩冰,李芬华. GPRS技术在数据采集与监控系统中的应用[J].电子技术, 2003, (8): 26-29.
[7] CASSARA FRANK A. Wire communications laboratory[J]. IEEE Transactions on Education, 2006, 49(1): 132-140.
[8]袁明新,李勇,张勇.汽车状态远程监测中计算机与手机通讯的实现[J],工业控制计算机, 2003, 16(3): 53-55.
[9]黄荣星,许士敏.基于GPRS通信技术的城市水资源监测系统[J].现代电子技术, 2004, (11): 43-45.
[10]曾红梅. GPRS系统原理及其实现[J].移动通信, 2002, (12): 40-42.
[11]胡一氢. GPRS及其在远程监控中的应用[J].计算机技术应用, 2005, (2): 40-44.
[12]叶永彪,吕瑞典,宋志刚.基于GPRS的抽油机示功图在线监测[J].石油工业计算机应用, 2005, 13(4): 14-16.
[13]龚明,王毅.远程数据传输[J].现代电子技术, 2005, (5): 52-53.
[14]李迎伟.基于GPRS的油井远程在线监测系统研究[D].武汉理工大学, 2005: 2-3.
[15]李学海. PIC单片机实践[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2004: 182.
[16]付润江,易国华,杨立安.基于GPRS的油井远程监测系统[J].长江大学学报(自科版), 2005, 2(7): 229-231.
[17]林梅金,罗飞,李如雄. GPRS网络的远程监控系统[J].计算机工程, 2006, 32(3): 240-241.
[18]姚建豪,吴文彪.基于GPRS的采油井网远程监控系统[J].石油仪器, 2005, 19(2): 35-37.
[19] MC35i Hardware Interface Description[EB/OL]. Germany. Siemens Mobile S-iemense AG information and communication, 2003[2007.09.16]. http://www-.siemens.com.
[20]李征明,朴在林.基于GPS/GPRS的电力智能巡检系统的设计与研究[J].农业网络信息, 2006, (8): 13-15.
[21] WANG Jian, GAO Jingxiang, XU Changhui. Single Epoch GPS Deforma-tion Signals Extraction and Gross Error Detection Technique Based on Wavelet T-ransform[J]. Geospatial Information Science(Quarterly), 2006, 9(3): 187-190.
[22]朱志宇,张代华.应用Delphi实现GPS接收机与MapInfo之间的通讯[J].微型计算机, 2006, 22(10): 218-220.
[23]张闯,刘万军. GPRS技术在油田监测系统中的应用研究[J].工业控制计算机, 2006, 19(4): 20-22.
[24] LIU Jiaoyu, WU Meiling, TAN Jie. Design and research on GPRS DTU[J]. El-ectric Power Automation Equipment, 2006, 26(3): 89-91.
[25] SAVELIEV S N, PIMENOY V A. Use of GPRS protocol of the GSM 900/180-0 mobile telebommunication system in telemonitoring systems of remote obje-cts[J]. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, 2005, 64(5): 377-381.
[26]胡珊,顾其威.无人值守变电站智能化远程图像监控系统[J].计算机工程, 2003, 29(2): 218-220.
[27]胡大可. MSP430系列FLASH型超低功耗16位单片机[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2001: 71-83.
[28]胡大可. MSP430系列单片机C语言程序设计与开发[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2002: 133.
[29] CAO Heng, LI Shuai, XI Yunhui. Design of high precision intelligent pressure transmitter based on MSP430 MCU[J]. Journal of Vibration, Measurement and Diagnosis, 2006, 26(1): 28-32.
[30]魏小龙. MSP430系列单片机接口技术及系统设计实例[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2002: 85-120.
[31] QU Yang, LIANG Zhe, JIN Lin. Research on motor protector based on MSP-430 micro-controller[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2005, 26:347-348.
[32] METZ CHRISTOPHER. Pointed look at the point-to-point protocol[J]. IEEE Internet Computing, 1999, 3(4): 85-88.
[33] SAVELIEV S N, PIMENOV V A. The use of ADXL accelerometers in vibra-tion technical security systems[J]. Telecommunications and Radio Engineering, 2005, 64(5): 419-424.
[34] BOWLING STEPHEN, RICHEY RODQER. Two approaches to measuring ac-celerateon[J]. Sensors, 2000, 17(2): 46-49.
[35] KISIEL ADAM, TALUC TOMASZ, BRONIOWSKI. Thermal heavylon gene-rator[J]. Computer Physics Communications. 2006, 174(8): 669-687.
[36] CHUNG HUNG CHI, ENOTOMO TOMOYUKI, LOH KENNETH. Real-time visualization of bridge structural response through wireless MEMs sensors[J]. The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2004, 5392: 239-246.
[37] RAMESHBABU N, RAO K. Acclerated microwave processing of nanocryst-alline hydroxyapatite[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2005, 40(23): 6319-6323.
[38] LI Wenwei. Practicable skill of software design for MSP430 series on C langu-age[J]. Control and Instruments in Chemical Industry, 2004, 31(6): 36-38.
[39]胡大可,季燕飞.应用MSP430微控制器需注意的问题[J].电子产品世界, 2002, (3): 63.
[40]金艳. GPRS/GSM在安全监控及数据采集中的应用[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文, 2006: 75.
[41]梅成刚,马进德,陆正武. C++ Builder项目开发实践[M].北京:中国铁道出版社, 2003: 86.
[42]杨斌,叶云霞,刘小勇.基于MapX的组件式GIS集成系统的开发与应用[J].测绘与空间地理信息, 2005, 28(3): 74-77.
[43]李连营,李清泉,李汉武.基于MapX的GIS应用开发[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社, 2003: 78.
[44] MapInfo公司. MapX开发人员指南[Z].纽约: MapInfo公司, 2002: 11-14.
[45]葛瑛芳. MapX在地理信息系统中的运用[J].浙江水利科技, 2003, (1): 14-16.
[46]陈玉峰. SQL Server 2000数据库开发教程[M].科学出版社. 2003: 21-23.