大倾角煤层安全高效充填开采技术研究
|
摘要
山东华泰矿业有限公司三采区开采范围内地表为村庄和农田,且铁路线近似南北、莱麻公路近似东西横贯矿区,属典型的“三下”(建筑物下,铁、公路下,水体下)资源。为解决华泰公司大量煤矸石堆积,大倾角薄煤层工作面封堵困难等难题,本文结合“煤矸石似膏体胶结充填技术可行性研究”科研项目,运用理论分析、室内试验、方案设计、大型软件数值模拟分析以及系统综合评判技术等综合手段,对华泰矿业有限公司煤矸石胶结充填关键技术以及充填工作而封堵措施优化进行全而研究,提出了煤矸石空心挡墙工艺。主要研究工作以及结论如下：
(1)通过现场调查和测试,充分了解了矿山工程地质概况,根据矿山需要充填范围和充填采煤方式,并结合国内外充填矿山经验,提出了投资小、操作简单、运行可靠的似膏体自流充填技术。
(2)通过室内充填配比试验,对充填材料物化性能进行分析,提出最优充填料浆配比。煤矸石粉煤灰混合浆体泌水率低(小于4%),有利于缩短初凝时间,减少采场充填工作面泄水量。粗颗粒煤矸石胶结充填体强度高于原试验所用细颗粒煤矸石胶结体强度。钢渣粒级组成与粗颗粒煤矸石相近,其中可能含有玻璃质的活化成分,只要能解决破碎成本问题,钢渣是较好的煤矸石替代骨料。
(3)利用大型数值模拟分析软件对矿山原有的沿走向布置的大倾角工作面对充填工艺的适应性进行评价模拟。根据挡墙宽度和工作面斜长不同正交9种方案。结果表明,沿走向布置工作而,料浆压力大,无法保证充填作业安全。
(4)设计了沿倾向的仰采工作面布置方式,并提出了充填采煤工艺、顶板管理及充填工艺要点。利用数值分析软件分析三种充填高度下的采场顶板稳定性。
(5)根据模糊综合评判和数据包络分析的互补性,采用层次分析法、模糊评价和数据包络法相结合的FAHP-DEA模型,确定了最佳的采、充关系及相应的挡墙构筑工艺。
Surface of the Third mining District of Shandong Huatai Mining Co., Ltd. is villages and farmland, the north-south railway line and east-west Ma Lai highway cross here, it's a typical "three under" resource(under the building, under the railway/Highway, under the water body). To solve the problem of coal gangue accumulation and the backfill work face of steeply dipping seam difficult to block for the Huatai Mining Co., Ltd. this paper studied the key technologies to filling with coal gangue and optimization of the measures to block the backfill work face comprehensively, in which theoretical analysis, laboratory test, program design, analysis and numerical simulation of large software systems by means of comprehensive evaluation techniques were used. Proposed the process of gangue hollow wall technology.
The main contents and conclusions of this paper are summarized as follows:
(1) Fully understand the geology of mining engineering through field investigation and testing, proposed paste-like backfill approaches according to the scope needs to fill and filling mining methods.
(2) Analysis of physical and chemical properties of filling material resulted to an best slurry filling ratio. The low bleeding rate(less than 4%) of mixed slurry of coal gangue and powder coal is conducive to shorten the initial setting time, and reduce water leakage. Strength of coarse coal gangue paste-like backfill is better than fine coal gangue paste-like backfill used in the original experiment; Slag and coarse coal gangue paste-like backfill is similar in composition, which may contain glassy active ingredients, as long as we can solve the problem of fragmentation cost, coal slag is a good alternative of coal gangue.
(3) Analyzed the adaptability of the filling process by numerical simulation software. According to different wall width and work face there are totally 9 programs. The results show that arranged work face along the strike would leading to too much pressure, and can not guarantee safety.
(4) Designed a layout along the tendency, and proposed coal mining process of filling, roof management and filling technology. Analyzed the stability of roof under three filling height by numerical analysis software
(5) Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation and Data Envelopment analysis, using FAHP-DEA model which combined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), Fuzzy evaluation and Data Envelopment(DEA) to determine the best mining and filling relationships and the corresponding wall charge build process.
(1)通过现场调查和测试,充分了解了矿山工程地质概况,根据矿山需要充填范围和充填采煤方式,并结合国内外充填矿山经验,提出了投资小、操作简单、运行可靠的似膏体自流充填技术。
(2)通过室内充填配比试验,对充填材料物化性能进行分析,提出最优充填料浆配比。煤矸石粉煤灰混合浆体泌水率低(小于4%),有利于缩短初凝时间,减少采场充填工作面泄水量。粗颗粒煤矸石胶结充填体强度高于原试验所用细颗粒煤矸石胶结体强度。钢渣粒级组成与粗颗粒煤矸石相近,其中可能含有玻璃质的活化成分,只要能解决破碎成本问题,钢渣是较好的煤矸石替代骨料。
(3)利用大型数值模拟分析软件对矿山原有的沿走向布置的大倾角工作面对充填工艺的适应性进行评价模拟。根据挡墙宽度和工作面斜长不同正交9种方案。结果表明,沿走向布置工作而,料浆压力大,无法保证充填作业安全。
(4)设计了沿倾向的仰采工作面布置方式,并提出了充填采煤工艺、顶板管理及充填工艺要点。利用数值分析软件分析三种充填高度下的采场顶板稳定性。
(5)根据模糊综合评判和数据包络分析的互补性,采用层次分析法、模糊评价和数据包络法相结合的FAHP-DEA模型,确定了最佳的采、充关系及相应的挡墙构筑工艺。
Surface of the Third mining District of Shandong Huatai Mining Co., Ltd. is villages and farmland, the north-south railway line and east-west Ma Lai highway cross here, it's a typical "three under" resource(under the building, under the railway/Highway, under the water body). To solve the problem of coal gangue accumulation and the backfill work face of steeply dipping seam difficult to block for the Huatai Mining Co., Ltd. this paper studied the key technologies to filling with coal gangue and optimization of the measures to block the backfill work face comprehensively, in which theoretical analysis, laboratory test, program design, analysis and numerical simulation of large software systems by means of comprehensive evaluation techniques were used. Proposed the process of gangue hollow wall technology.
The main contents and conclusions of this paper are summarized as follows:
(1) Fully understand the geology of mining engineering through field investigation and testing, proposed paste-like backfill approaches according to the scope needs to fill and filling mining methods.
(2) Analysis of physical and chemical properties of filling material resulted to an best slurry filling ratio. The low bleeding rate(less than 4%) of mixed slurry of coal gangue and powder coal is conducive to shorten the initial setting time, and reduce water leakage. Strength of coarse coal gangue paste-like backfill is better than fine coal gangue paste-like backfill used in the original experiment; Slag and coarse coal gangue paste-like backfill is similar in composition, which may contain glassy active ingredients, as long as we can solve the problem of fragmentation cost, coal slag is a good alternative of coal gangue.
(3) Analyzed the adaptability of the filling process by numerical simulation software. According to different wall width and work face there are totally 9 programs. The results show that arranged work face along the strike would leading to too much pressure, and can not guarantee safety.
(4) Designed a layout along the tendency, and proposed coal mining process of filling, roof management and filling technology. Analyzed the stability of roof under three filling height by numerical analysis software
(5) Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation and Data Envelopment analysis, using FAHP-DEA model which combined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), Fuzzy evaluation and Data Envelopment(DEA) to determine the best mining and filling relationships and the corresponding wall charge build process.
引文
[1]徐永圻.采矿学[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社,2003.
[2]张荣立,何国纬,李铎.采矿工程设计手册(上策)[M].煤炭工业出版社.
[3]曹志伟,翟厥成.岩层移动与“三下”采煤[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,1986.
[4]王建雄.煤矿安全开采技术探讨[J].科技情报开发与经济,2006,16(14)：290-291.
[5]刘元明,丁瑞,田伟,张新萍.煤矸石井下充填置换煤技术的研究与应用[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2009,(5)：50-52.
[6]蒲文龙.大倾角厚煤层开采技术研[D].辽宁工程技术大学,2005.
[7]刘克秋,章之燕.大倾角煤层开采安全防护技术的探讨[J].煤矿机电,2008,(3)：84-86.
[8]伍永平.大倾角煤层开采“R-S-F”系统动力学控制基础研究[D].西安科技大学,2003.
[9]魏磊,高光发.大倾角煤层回采工艺现状及发展趋势研[J].采矿技术2009,9(2)：10-11.
[10]林东才,耿献文.大倾角煤层倾斜长壁仰斜开采问题分析及技术措施[J].煤炭科学技术.200 1(7)：22-25.
[11]赵玉林,姜恒本,耿彦春.大倾角薄煤层工作面走向长壁回采工艺[J].2002,21(7).
[12]张士钰.大倾角采煤技术的应用与推广[J].科技情报开发与经济,2005,15(13)：287-288.
[13]曲友辉,魏延文.倾角薄煤层工作面仰斜回采工艺[J].煤炭技术,2009,28(1)：55-56.
[14]卢央泽.基于煤矸石似膏体胶结充填法控制下的覆岩移动规律研究[D].中南大学2006.
[15]张长森.煤矸石资源化综合利用新技术[M].北京：化学工艺出版社,2007.
[16]杨文澜,李多松.煤炭行业推行清洁生产的紧迫性及对策研究[J].工业安全与环保,2005,31(10)：40～42.
[17]刘红琳.浅析煤矸石的综合利用[J].科技情报开发与经济,2007,17(5)：290.
[18]莫曼.煤矿煤矸石综合利用综述[J].建筑与发展,2010,4：31-33.
[19]刘迪.浅谈煤矸石综合利用的几条途径.[J].同煤科技,2006.22(3)：60～62.
[20]胡志鹏,杨燕.煤研石综合利用前景广阔[J].内蒙古煤炭经济,2004(2)：102～105.
[21]李林媛.浅谈煤矸石综合利用的几条途径[J].同煤科技,2006(4)：39～40.
[22]谢开维,张葆春.块石胶结允填的应用现状及发展[J].矿业研究与开发,2002(22,2)：1-4.
[23]王泽群.块石胶结充填新工艺在新桥硫铁矿的应用[J].矿业快报,2005(5)：7～9.
[24]黄志伟,古德生.我国矿山无废开采的现状[J].矿业研究与开发,2002,22(4)：10～13.
[25]张国桥,周朋朋,张立欣.煤矸石回填采空区的工艺方法及建议[J].煤炭加工与综合利用2009,(4)：45-47.
[26]Farsangi P., Hara A. Consolidated rockfill design and quality control at Kidd Creek Mines[J].CIM Bulletin,1993.86 (972):68-74.
[27]胡涛.浅谈煤矿开采后的复垦技术[J].煤炭加工与综合利用2009,(4)：254.
[28]郑继东,李东艳,胡斌,孙珍全,平瑞.煤矸石矿井充填对地下水环境影响的模拟实验[J].矿业研究与开开发,2007,7(21)：76-78.
[29]刘桂建,彭子成,吴恩江等.煤矸石中潜在有害微量元素淋溶析出研究[J].高校地质学报,2001,7(4)：449.
[30]丰建荣.煤和矸石井下破碎分选理论与实验研究[D].太原理工大学,2002.
[31]邹连军,充填体对采场稳定性的影响[D].昆明理工大学,2003.
[32]郑学敏.大型采空区井下密闭墙设计[J].金属矿山.2002,(12)：56-57.
[33]赵国彦,充填隔离墙受力计算和安全措施[J].矿业研究与开发,1995,15(1)：7-12.
[34]王新民等.城镇下煤柱开采煤矸石似膏体管道自流充填综合技术研究[J].中南大学,新矿集团孙村煤矿,2006,11.
[35]王新民,卢央泽,张钦礼.煤矸石似膏体胶结充填采场数值模拟优化研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2008,4(2)：346-350.
[36]ZHANG Qin-li, WANG Xin-min. Performance of cemented coal gangue backfill[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2007(14,2): 216～219.
[37]郑保才,周华强,何荣军.煤矸石膏体充填材料的试验研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006,23(4)：460-463.
[38]王新民,肖卫国,张钦礼.深井矿山充填理论与技术[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2005.
[39]Dong Haoping; Sun Wenbiao; Zhao Guangxing, Study on factors affecting early strength of paste-like backfill material[J].2009 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference, APPEEC 2009-Proceedings,2009.
[40]Cui Zeng-Di1, Sun Heng-Hu. The preparation and properties of coal gangue based sialite paste-like backfill material [J].Meitan Xuebao/Journal of the China Coal Society, June 2010:896-899.
[41]ZHANG Qin-li, WANG Xin-min. Performance of cemented coal gangue backfill[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2007(14,2): 216～219.
[42]赵彬.焦家金矿尾砂固结材料配比试验及工艺改造方案研究[D].中南大学.2009.
[43]Fall M., Benzaazoua S., Ouellet S. Essect of tailings properties on paste backfill performance[J].Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Mining with Backfill,2004:193～202.
[44]Itasca Consulting Group Inc. FLAC3D (Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions) Version3.0 User's Guide[M].USA:Itasca Consulting Group Inc,2005.
[45]陈育民,徐鼎平FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京：是国水利水电出版社,2009.
[46]彭文斌FLAC3D使用教程[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2008.
[47]FLAC 3D Uses Guide.Itasca Consulting Group.Inc.Minersota.USA.2002.
[48]北京迈达斯技术有限公司MIDAS/GTS Basic & Advanced Tutorials,[M],2002.
[49]王永秀,毛德兵等.数值模拟中煤岩层物理力学参数确定的研究[J].煤炭学报.2003(6).
[50]杨溢,陈俊智,庙延钢,杜青.小龙潭布沼坝西北边坡的数值模拟研究[J].昆明理工大学学报(理工版)2007,32(3)：1-4.
[51]王兵.空心砖做充填挡墙的实验研究[J].新疆有色金属,2000,3,4-5.
[52]王凤波.全尾砂胶结充填工艺在马庄铁矿的应用[J].中国矿山工程,2008,37(5),22-23.
[53]缪正坤,田国华,林丽娟等.煤矸石烧结多孔砖与普通粘土烧结砖的节能比较[J].砖瓦世界,2008,(11)：18-19.
[54]穆仲,矿山压力在煤矿井下采空区密闭墙的应用[J].同煤科技,2007,1：24-25
[55]伍贤益.提高煤矸石空心砖质量的工艺操作及管理要点[J].技术交流,2010,4：21-24.
[56]中国自主创新优秀成果煤矸石空心砖与砌块项目[J].东方企业文化,2006,(11).
[57]Tie Zhanxu, Li Haixia, Meng Fanmao, Wang Fahui, Numerical Simulation of Waste Heat Utilization in Coal Gangue Brick Tunnel Kiln [J].IEEE Computer Society,2009.60:222-224.
[58]杨晶.基于3S技术的黑龙江省风景名胜资源综合评价研究[D].东北林业大学,2007.
[59]Macharis C,SPringarl J,Bucrker K.Vebreke A.PROMETHEE and AHP:The desing of Operational Snyegries in multi-crtieria analysis:Strengthening PROMETHEE with ideas of AHP[J].Euorpean Journal of Operational Reseacrh,2004,153(2):307-317.
[60]张颖敏.基于FAHP-DEA的第三方物流服务商的选择研究[D].广东工业大学,2007.
[61]LIPovestky S,TishierA.Intevral estimatin of Priorties in the AHP.[J].European Journal of Operational Reseaerh,1999,114(1):153-164.
[62]王靖.综合评价中确定权重向量的几种方法比较[J].河北工业大学学报,2001,4(30),52-57.
[63]胡先桃.成熟度模型在南粤设计院项目管理中的应用研究[D].华南理工大学,2006.
[64]谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用[M].武汉：华中理工大学出版社,2000,5.
[65]Kao,Liu.Fuzzy efficiency measures in data envelopment analysis[J].Fuzzy Sets and Systems,2000,113:427-437.
[66]Guo,Tanaka.Fuzzy DEA:a perceptual evaluation method[J].Fuzzy Sets and Systems 2001,119:149-160.
[67]盛昭瀚,朱乔,吴广谋.M.DEA理论、方法与应用.北京：科学出版社,1996,1.
[68]贾颖峰.基于DEA的供应链系统剖析及博弈机制设计[D].西安建筑科技大学,2005.
[69]李洁慧,王新民,张钦礼.采场结构参数的层次分析和模糊数学综合评价[J].化工矿物与加工2009,38(9)23-27.
[70]Lertworasirikul,Fang,Joines,Nuttle.Fuzzy data envelopment analysis(DEA):a possibility approach[J].Fuzzy Sets and Systems,2003,139:379-394.
[71]Jahanshahloo,Soleimani-damaneh,Nasrabadi.Measure of efficiency in DEA with fuzzy input-output levels:a methodology for assessing,ranking and imposing of weights restrictions[J].Applied Mathematics and Computation,2004:156:175-187
[72].马占新,任慧龙,戴仰山.基于模糊综合评判方法的DEA模型[J].模糊系统与数学,2001,15(3),62-68.
[73]刘伟洁,张钦礼,王新民.基于DEA模型的露天转地下竖井开拓方案优[J].金属矿山2010,(4)：28-31.
[74]叶义成,柯丽华、黄德育.系统综合评价技术[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,2006.
[2]张荣立,何国纬,李铎.采矿工程设计手册(上策)[M].煤炭工业出版社.
[3]曹志伟,翟厥成.岩层移动与“三下”采煤[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,1986.
[4]王建雄.煤矿安全开采技术探讨[J].科技情报开发与经济,2006,16(14)：290-291.
[5]刘元明,丁瑞,田伟,张新萍.煤矸石井下充填置换煤技术的研究与应用[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2009,(5)：50-52.
[6]蒲文龙.大倾角厚煤层开采技术研[D].辽宁工程技术大学,2005.
[7]刘克秋,章之燕.大倾角煤层开采安全防护技术的探讨[J].煤矿机电,2008,(3)：84-86.
[8]伍永平.大倾角煤层开采“R-S-F”系统动力学控制基础研究[D].西安科技大学,2003.
[9]魏磊,高光发.大倾角煤层回采工艺现状及发展趋势研[J].采矿技术2009,9(2)：10-11.
[10]林东才,耿献文.大倾角煤层倾斜长壁仰斜开采问题分析及技术措施[J].煤炭科学技术.200 1(7)：22-25.
[11]赵玉林,姜恒本,耿彦春.大倾角薄煤层工作面走向长壁回采工艺[J].2002,21(7).
[12]张士钰.大倾角采煤技术的应用与推广[J].科技情报开发与经济,2005,15(13)：287-288.
[13]曲友辉,魏延文.倾角薄煤层工作面仰斜回采工艺[J].煤炭技术,2009,28(1)：55-56.
[14]卢央泽.基于煤矸石似膏体胶结充填法控制下的覆岩移动规律研究[D].中南大学2006.
[15]张长森.煤矸石资源化综合利用新技术[M].北京：化学工艺出版社,2007.
[16]杨文澜,李多松.煤炭行业推行清洁生产的紧迫性及对策研究[J].工业安全与环保,2005,31(10)：40～42.
[17]刘红琳.浅析煤矸石的综合利用[J].科技情报开发与经济,2007,17(5)：290.
[18]莫曼.煤矿煤矸石综合利用综述[J].建筑与发展,2010,4：31-33.
[19]刘迪.浅谈煤矸石综合利用的几条途径.[J].同煤科技,2006.22(3)：60～62.
[20]胡志鹏,杨燕.煤研石综合利用前景广阔[J].内蒙古煤炭经济,2004(2)：102～105.
[21]李林媛.浅谈煤矸石综合利用的几条途径[J].同煤科技,2006(4)：39～40.
[22]谢开维,张葆春.块石胶结允填的应用现状及发展[J].矿业研究与开发,2002(22,2)：1-4.
[23]王泽群.块石胶结充填新工艺在新桥硫铁矿的应用[J].矿业快报,2005(5)：7～9.
[24]黄志伟,古德生.我国矿山无废开采的现状[J].矿业研究与开发,2002,22(4)：10～13.
[25]张国桥,周朋朋,张立欣.煤矸石回填采空区的工艺方法及建议[J].煤炭加工与综合利用2009,(4)：45-47.
[26]Farsangi P., Hara A. Consolidated rockfill design and quality control at Kidd Creek Mines[J].CIM Bulletin,1993.86 (972):68-74.
[27]胡涛.浅谈煤矿开采后的复垦技术[J].煤炭加工与综合利用2009,(4)：254.
[28]郑继东,李东艳,胡斌,孙珍全,平瑞.煤矸石矿井充填对地下水环境影响的模拟实验[J].矿业研究与开开发,2007,7(21)：76-78.
[29]刘桂建,彭子成,吴恩江等.煤矸石中潜在有害微量元素淋溶析出研究[J].高校地质学报,2001,7(4)：449.
[30]丰建荣.煤和矸石井下破碎分选理论与实验研究[D].太原理工大学,2002.
[31]邹连军,充填体对采场稳定性的影响[D].昆明理工大学,2003.
[32]郑学敏.大型采空区井下密闭墙设计[J].金属矿山.2002,(12)：56-57.
[33]赵国彦,充填隔离墙受力计算和安全措施[J].矿业研究与开发,1995,15(1)：7-12.
[34]王新民等.城镇下煤柱开采煤矸石似膏体管道自流充填综合技术研究[J].中南大学,新矿集团孙村煤矿,2006,11.
[35]王新民,卢央泽,张钦礼.煤矸石似膏体胶结充填采场数值模拟优化研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2008,4(2)：346-350.
[36]ZHANG Qin-li, WANG Xin-min. Performance of cemented coal gangue backfill[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2007(14,2): 216～219.
[37]郑保才,周华强,何荣军.煤矸石膏体充填材料的试验研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006,23(4)：460-463.
[38]王新民,肖卫国,张钦礼.深井矿山充填理论与技术[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2005.
[39]Dong Haoping; Sun Wenbiao; Zhao Guangxing, Study on factors affecting early strength of paste-like backfill material[J].2009 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference, APPEEC 2009-Proceedings,2009.
[40]Cui Zeng-Di1, Sun Heng-Hu. The preparation and properties of coal gangue based sialite paste-like backfill material [J].Meitan Xuebao/Journal of the China Coal Society, June 2010:896-899.
[41]ZHANG Qin-li, WANG Xin-min. Performance of cemented coal gangue backfill[J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology,2007(14,2): 216～219.
[42]赵彬.焦家金矿尾砂固结材料配比试验及工艺改造方案研究[D].中南大学.2009.
[43]Fall M., Benzaazoua S., Ouellet S. Essect of tailings properties on paste backfill performance[J].Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Mining with Backfill,2004:193～202.
[44]Itasca Consulting Group Inc. FLAC3D (Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions) Version3.0 User's Guide[M].USA:Itasca Consulting Group Inc,2005.
[45]陈育民,徐鼎平FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京：是国水利水电出版社,2009.
[46]彭文斌FLAC3D使用教程[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2008.
[47]FLAC 3D Uses Guide.Itasca Consulting Group.Inc.Minersota.USA.2002.
[48]北京迈达斯技术有限公司MIDAS/GTS Basic & Advanced Tutorials,[M],2002.
[49]王永秀,毛德兵等.数值模拟中煤岩层物理力学参数确定的研究[J].煤炭学报.2003(6).
[50]杨溢,陈俊智,庙延钢,杜青.小龙潭布沼坝西北边坡的数值模拟研究[J].昆明理工大学学报(理工版)2007,32(3)：1-4.
[51]王兵.空心砖做充填挡墙的实验研究[J].新疆有色金属,2000,3,4-5.
[52]王凤波.全尾砂胶结充填工艺在马庄铁矿的应用[J].中国矿山工程,2008,37(5),22-23.
[53]缪正坤,田国华,林丽娟等.煤矸石烧结多孔砖与普通粘土烧结砖的节能比较[J].砖瓦世界,2008,(11)：18-19.
[54]穆仲,矿山压力在煤矿井下采空区密闭墙的应用[J].同煤科技,2007,1：24-25
[55]伍贤益.提高煤矸石空心砖质量的工艺操作及管理要点[J].技术交流,2010,4：21-24.
[56]中国自主创新优秀成果煤矸石空心砖与砌块项目[J].东方企业文化,2006,(11).
[57]Tie Zhanxu, Li Haixia, Meng Fanmao, Wang Fahui, Numerical Simulation of Waste Heat Utilization in Coal Gangue Brick Tunnel Kiln [J].IEEE Computer Society,2009.60:222-224.
[58]杨晶.基于3S技术的黑龙江省风景名胜资源综合评价研究[D].东北林业大学,2007.
[59]Macharis C,SPringarl J,Bucrker K.Vebreke A.PROMETHEE and AHP:The desing of Operational Snyegries in multi-crtieria analysis:Strengthening PROMETHEE with ideas of AHP[J].Euorpean Journal of Operational Reseacrh,2004,153(2):307-317.
[60]张颖敏.基于FAHP-DEA的第三方物流服务商的选择研究[D].广东工业大学,2007.
[61]LIPovestky S,TishierA.Intevral estimatin of Priorties in the AHP.[J].European Journal of Operational Reseaerh,1999,114(1):153-164.
[62]王靖.综合评价中确定权重向量的几种方法比较[J].河北工业大学学报,2001,4(30),52-57.
[63]胡先桃.成熟度模型在南粤设计院项目管理中的应用研究[D].华南理工大学,2006.
[64]谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用[M].武汉：华中理工大学出版社,2000,5.
[65]Kao,Liu.Fuzzy efficiency measures in data envelopment analysis[J].Fuzzy Sets and Systems,2000,113:427-437.
[66]Guo,Tanaka.Fuzzy DEA:a perceptual evaluation method[J].Fuzzy Sets and Systems 2001,119:149-160.
[67]盛昭瀚,朱乔,吴广谋.M.DEA理论、方法与应用.北京：科学出版社,1996,1.
[68]贾颖峰.基于DEA的供应链系统剖析及博弈机制设计[D].西安建筑科技大学,2005.
[69]李洁慧,王新民,张钦礼.采场结构参数的层次分析和模糊数学综合评价[J].化工矿物与加工2009,38(9)23-27.
[70]Lertworasirikul,Fang,Joines,Nuttle.Fuzzy data envelopment analysis(DEA):a possibility approach[J].Fuzzy Sets and Systems,2003,139:379-394.
[71]Jahanshahloo,Soleimani-damaneh,Nasrabadi.Measure of efficiency in DEA with fuzzy input-output levels:a methodology for assessing,ranking and imposing of weights restrictions[J].Applied Mathematics and Computation,2004:156:175-187
[72].马占新,任慧龙,戴仰山.基于模糊综合评判方法的DEA模型[J].模糊系统与数学,2001,15(3),62-68.
[73]刘伟洁,张钦礼,王新民.基于DEA模型的露天转地下竖井开拓方案优[J].金属矿山2010,(4)：28-31.
[74]叶义成,柯丽华、黄德育.系统综合评价技术[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,2006.