一种新型无源软开关Boost变换器的研究
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摘要
软开关技术一直是电力电子领域研究的热点,特别是在电源设计领域应用最为广泛。在无源和有源两大类软开关技术中,不使用额外开关元件、检测手段和控制策略的无源方式在附加成本、可靠性、变换效率、性价比等方面占有较强优势。
本文着重叙述了软开关技术的理论、应用及存在的问题,由此引申出基于无源无损缓冲电路单元的无源软开关变换的概念和实现方式。通过使用缓冲电路单元,主开关开通时所产生的di/dt被一个串联小电感所限制,主开关关断时所产生的dv/dt被一个并联小电容所限制,从而实现了主开关的软开关变换。在理解了无源软开关工作原理和参考了现有无源无损缓冲电路搭建方式的基础上,设计了一种新型无源软开关Boost变换器,详细分析了它的基本工作原理和参数设计要求。
最后,制作出了一台试验样机并进行了性能测试,实验结果表明:这种变换器与那些需要辅助开关来实现主开关的软开关工作的变换器相比,具有结构简单、易于控制、成本较低的特点,从而验证了方案的可行性和有效性。
The research of soft-switching technology is always a hotspot in Power Electronics area, especially applying in power supply area widely. Compared with the active soft-switching technology, the passive method without additional , switching-component , inspectable measures and controlled recources has powerful predominance on additive cost , dependability, transpositional efficiency and performance-cost ratio. This paper emphasizes on the theories, applications and shortages of soft-switching technology, and extends in the concepts and realizative fashions of passive soft-swithing converters based on passive-lossless-snubber cells. By using the proposed snubber cells, the turn-on di/dt was restrained by a small inductor, and the turn-off dv/dt was restrained by a small capacitor, so the mainly switch component compulished the soft-switching transformation. Based on understanding the principle of passive soft-switch and consulting the egisted passive-lossless-snubber cells, a novel passive soft-switching Boost converter was been designed. At the same time , the basic operatian priciples and design rules of the parameters were presented in detail.At last, a high performance-cost ratio passive soft-switching Boost converter prototype has been made. After a successful experiment, we can draw the conclusion that the converter is simple, easily
controlled and cost less, compared with those converters that need an auxiliary switch to make the main switching device working in soft-switching condition. In a word , the experiment is carried out todemonstrate its validity and feasibility.
本文着重叙述了软开关技术的理论、应用及存在的问题,由此引申出基于无源无损缓冲电路单元的无源软开关变换的概念和实现方式。通过使用缓冲电路单元,主开关开通时所产生的di/dt被一个串联小电感所限制,主开关关断时所产生的dv/dt被一个并联小电容所限制,从而实现了主开关的软开关变换。在理解了无源软开关工作原理和参考了现有无源无损缓冲电路搭建方式的基础上,设计了一种新型无源软开关Boost变换器,详细分析了它的基本工作原理和参数设计要求。
最后,制作出了一台试验样机并进行了性能测试,实验结果表明:这种变换器与那些需要辅助开关来实现主开关的软开关工作的变换器相比,具有结构简单、易于控制、成本较低的特点,从而验证了方案的可行性和有效性。
The research of soft-switching technology is always a hotspot in Power Electronics area, especially applying in power supply area widely. Compared with the active soft-switching technology, the passive method without additional , switching-component , inspectable measures and controlled recources has powerful predominance on additive cost , dependability, transpositional efficiency and performance-cost ratio. This paper emphasizes on the theories, applications and shortages of soft-switching technology, and extends in the concepts and realizative fashions of passive soft-swithing converters based on passive-lossless-snubber cells. By using the proposed snubber cells, the turn-on di/dt was restrained by a small inductor, and the turn-off dv/dt was restrained by a small capacitor, so the mainly switch component compulished the soft-switching transformation. Based on understanding the principle of passive soft-switch and consulting the egisted passive-lossless-snubber cells, a novel passive soft-switching Boost converter was been designed. At the same time , the basic operatian priciples and design rules of the parameters were presented in detail.At last, a high performance-cost ratio passive soft-switching Boost converter prototype has been made. After a successful experiment, we can draw the conclusion that the converter is simple, easily
controlled and cost less, compared with those converters that need an auxiliary switch to make the main switching device working in soft-switching condition. In a word , the experiment is carried out todemonstrate its validity and feasibility.
引文
1. K. Mark Smith, Keyue Ma Smedley. Properties and Synthesis of Passive Lossless Soft-Switching PWM Converters. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 1999. Vol. 14[5]: 890-899
2. K. Mark Smith, Keyue Ma Smedley. Engineering Deign of Lossless Passive Soft Switch Methods for PWM Converters. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 1998. Vol. 14[9]: 1055-1062
3. Ching-Jung Tseng, Chern-Lin Chen. Passive Lossless Snubbers for DC/DC Converters. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 1998. Vol. 45[6]: 396-401
4. A.S. Ba-Thunya, S.K. Pillai. Some Novel Topologies of Soft-Switched Quasi-Resonant DC/DC Converter with Minimum Voltage Stress Across the Switch. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 1998. Vol. 45[7]: 325-330
5. Lucio dos R. barbosa. An Improved Boost PEM Soft-Single-Switched Converter With Low Voltage and Current Stresses. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2000. Vol.14[3]: 723-728
6.谢毅聪、熊蕊.一种新型单管软开关Boost变换器及其EMI研究.通信电源技术,2003,4(2):6-9.
7.陈少屏、梁冠安、庞永强.一种新型无源无损软开关Boost变换器.电源技术应用,2001,12(12):643-645.
8.李金鹏、尹华杰.软开关技术在直流开关电源中的应用及其发展.电源世界,2004(4):27-33.
9.金新民、吴学智、华伟.具有无损缓冲电路的功率因数校正电路.电力电子技术,1999(5):10-11,20.
10.刘万强、张代润、黄念慈.全软开关Boost ZVT-PEVl变换器.四川大学学报(工程科学版),Vol.34,NO.3,2002:4-6.
11.邓焰、叶浩屹、何湘宁.完全的无源软开关功率逆变器研究.电工技术学报,Vol.17,NO.1,2002(2):40-46.
12.林周布.无源无损缓冲型软开关技术的研究.电工电能新技术,Vol.21,NO.1,2002(1):33-37.
13.杜忠、陈治明、严百平.一种基于Boost变换器的无源无损吸收方法.电工技术学报,Vol.18,NO.4,2003(8):35-40.
14.李金鹏、侯聪玲、尹华杰.无源无损缓冲电路及其新拓扑.电源技术应用,2003,12(9):
15.杜忠、陈治明.一种新颖的PFC无源吸收方法.电力电子技术,2003(10):11-15.
16.邓焰、何湘宁、钱照明.无源无损吸收技术的原理与典型电路.第十三届全国电源技术论文集,1999:358-362.
17.汤建新.一款采用无源无损缓冲电路的新颖充电器.电源技术,Vol.27,NO.6,2003(12):12-14.
18.高燕、刘先刚、张国安.无源无损缓冲器的设计与分析.电源技术应用,2003(7):39-41.
19.一种基于互感元件的缓冲式软开关电路.电力电子技术,2000(3):17-18.
20.林周布.一种低损无源软开关新技术.电力电子技术,2004(5):33-35.
21.张舟云、徐国卿、沈祥林.无源滤波器在开关电源中的应用分析.电力电子技术,2004(5):45-47,68.
22.盛专成、李广勇、贺怀谦.一种双管正激电路的软开关拓扑.电力电子技术,Vol.35,NO.32,2001:43-46.
23.陈世杰、顾亦磊、吕征宇、钱照明.Buck电路的一种软开关实现方法.电力电子技术,2004(1):33-35.
24.陈世杰、顾亦磊、吕征宇、钱照明.适用于Buck电路的一种改进型软开关实现方法.电力电子技术,2004(4):8-10.
25.董晓伟、裴云庆、王兆安.一种新型单级PFC变换器的研究.电力电子技术,2004(4):17-19.
26.李泽元.高频多谐振变流技术及其应用.电力电子技术,1991(2):3-13.
27.阮新波、严仰光.直流变换器的软开关技术.科学出版社,2000.
28.王聪.软开关功率变换器及其应用.科学出版社,2000.
29.张占松、蔡宣三。开关电源的原理与设计.电子工业出版社,1998.
30.蔡宣三、龚绍文.高频功率电子学.科学出版社,1993.
31.徐德高、金刚.脉宽调制变换器型稳压电源.科学出版社,1983.
32.赵良炳.现代电力电子技术基础.清华大学出版社,1995.
33.王聪.软性开关逆变电路及其应用.机械工业出版社,1993.
34.王聪.DC环节谐振型逆变器的发展与应用.电气传动,1992(1):2-9.
35.叶慧贞、杨兴洲.开关稳压电源.国防工业出版社,1990.
36.张廷鹏、吴铁军、徐明、张生舟.通信用高频开关电源.人民邮电出版社,1997.
37.阮新波、严仰光.脉宽调制DC/DC全桥变换器的软开关技术.科学出版社,1999.
38.阮新波、严仰光.采用辅助谐振网络实现零电压开关的移相控制全桥变换器.电工技术学报,Vol.13,NO.2,1998.
39.陈丽敏、史立生.一种高性能功率因数校正电路研究.电力电子技术,2004(5):36-38.
40.周志敏.开关电源实用技术设计与应用.人民邮电出版社,2003.
41. Weidong, QunZhao, Jinjun Liu, Fred C. Lee. A boost converter with lossless snubber under minimum voltage stress. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2002. Vol. 14[5]: 509-515.
42. Ching-Jung Tseng, Chern-Lin Chen. A passive lossless snubber cell for nonisolated PWM DCDC converters. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 1998. Vol. 45[4]: 593-601
43. Zhoubu Lin. A passive regenerative soft-switching converter with the simplest topology. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2002: 949-954.
44. Min-K wang Lee, Dong-Yun Lee, Dong-seok Hyum. New zero-current-transition PWM DC/DC converters without current stress. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2001: 1069-1074.
45. K. Mark Smith, Keyue Ma Smedley. Lossless Passive Soft-switching Methods for Inverters and Amplifiers. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2000. Vol.15[1]: 164-173.
46. K. Mark Smith, Keyue Ma Smedley. A Comparison of Voltage Mode Soft-Switching Methods for PWM Converters. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 1997. Vol.12[2]: 376-386
47. Lin. R.L, Lee F C. Novel Zero-Current-Switching-Zero-Voltage-Switching Converters. PESC' 96. 1996: 438-442.
48. Boost Circuit with Lossless Current Snubber. Patent WO-94/23448, March, 1994
49. Yan Deng, et al. A novel passive lossless snubber circuit for voltage source inverter bridge legs. IPEC-tokyo 2000 Proceedings: 519-524.
50. Jin He. An improved energy recovery soft-switching turn-on/turn-off passive boost snubber with peak voltage clamp. IEEE-APEC Conf. Rec. 2000: 699-707.
51.赵建统、薛红兵、梁树坤。谈当今电源产业及电源技术的发展趋势.http://www.168power.com/bbs/show.asp?id=50
2. K. Mark Smith, Keyue Ma Smedley. Engineering Deign of Lossless Passive Soft Switch Methods for PWM Converters. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 1998. Vol. 14[9]: 1055-1062
3. Ching-Jung Tseng, Chern-Lin Chen. Passive Lossless Snubbers for DC/DC Converters. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 1998. Vol. 45[6]: 396-401
4. A.S. Ba-Thunya, S.K. Pillai. Some Novel Topologies of Soft-Switched Quasi-Resonant DC/DC Converter with Minimum Voltage Stress Across the Switch. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 1998. Vol. 45[7]: 325-330
5. Lucio dos R. barbosa. An Improved Boost PEM Soft-Single-Switched Converter With Low Voltage and Current Stresses. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2000. Vol.14[3]: 723-728
6.谢毅聪、熊蕊.一种新型单管软开关Boost变换器及其EMI研究.通信电源技术,2003,4(2):6-9.
7.陈少屏、梁冠安、庞永强.一种新型无源无损软开关Boost变换器.电源技术应用,2001,12(12):643-645.
8.李金鹏、尹华杰.软开关技术在直流开关电源中的应用及其发展.电源世界,2004(4):27-33.
9.金新民、吴学智、华伟.具有无损缓冲电路的功率因数校正电路.电力电子技术,1999(5):10-11,20.
10.刘万强、张代润、黄念慈.全软开关Boost ZVT-PEVl变换器.四川大学学报(工程科学版),Vol.34,NO.3,2002:4-6.
11.邓焰、叶浩屹、何湘宁.完全的无源软开关功率逆变器研究.电工技术学报,Vol.17,NO.1,2002(2):40-46.
12.林周布.无源无损缓冲型软开关技术的研究.电工电能新技术,Vol.21,NO.1,2002(1):33-37.
13.杜忠、陈治明、严百平.一种基于Boost变换器的无源无损吸收方法.电工技术学报,Vol.18,NO.4,2003(8):35-40.
14.李金鹏、侯聪玲、尹华杰.无源无损缓冲电路及其新拓扑.电源技术应用,2003,12(9):
15.杜忠、陈治明.一种新颖的PFC无源吸收方法.电力电子技术,2003(10):11-15.
16.邓焰、何湘宁、钱照明.无源无损吸收技术的原理与典型电路.第十三届全国电源技术论文集,1999:358-362.
17.汤建新.一款采用无源无损缓冲电路的新颖充电器.电源技术,Vol.27,NO.6,2003(12):12-14.
18.高燕、刘先刚、张国安.无源无损缓冲器的设计与分析.电源技术应用,2003(7):39-41.
19.一种基于互感元件的缓冲式软开关电路.电力电子技术,2000(3):17-18.
20.林周布.一种低损无源软开关新技术.电力电子技术,2004(5):33-35.
21.张舟云、徐国卿、沈祥林.无源滤波器在开关电源中的应用分析.电力电子技术,2004(5):45-47,68.
22.盛专成、李广勇、贺怀谦.一种双管正激电路的软开关拓扑.电力电子技术,Vol.35,NO.32,2001:43-46.
23.陈世杰、顾亦磊、吕征宇、钱照明.Buck电路的一种软开关实现方法.电力电子技术,2004(1):33-35.
24.陈世杰、顾亦磊、吕征宇、钱照明.适用于Buck电路的一种改进型软开关实现方法.电力电子技术,2004(4):8-10.
25.董晓伟、裴云庆、王兆安.一种新型单级PFC变换器的研究.电力电子技术,2004(4):17-19.
26.李泽元.高频多谐振变流技术及其应用.电力电子技术,1991(2):3-13.
27.阮新波、严仰光.直流变换器的软开关技术.科学出版社,2000.
28.王聪.软开关功率变换器及其应用.科学出版社,2000.
29.张占松、蔡宣三。开关电源的原理与设计.电子工业出版社,1998.
30.蔡宣三、龚绍文.高频功率电子学.科学出版社,1993.
31.徐德高、金刚.脉宽调制变换器型稳压电源.科学出版社,1983.
32.赵良炳.现代电力电子技术基础.清华大学出版社,1995.
33.王聪.软性开关逆变电路及其应用.机械工业出版社,1993.
34.王聪.DC环节谐振型逆变器的发展与应用.电气传动,1992(1):2-9.
35.叶慧贞、杨兴洲.开关稳压电源.国防工业出版社,1990.
36.张廷鹏、吴铁军、徐明、张生舟.通信用高频开关电源.人民邮电出版社,1997.
37.阮新波、严仰光.脉宽调制DC/DC全桥变换器的软开关技术.科学出版社,1999.
38.阮新波、严仰光.采用辅助谐振网络实现零电压开关的移相控制全桥变换器.电工技术学报,Vol.13,NO.2,1998.
39.陈丽敏、史立生.一种高性能功率因数校正电路研究.电力电子技术,2004(5):36-38.
40.周志敏.开关电源实用技术设计与应用.人民邮电出版社,2003.
41. Weidong, QunZhao, Jinjun Liu, Fred C. Lee. A boost converter with lossless snubber under minimum voltage stress. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2002. Vol. 14[5]: 509-515.
42. Ching-Jung Tseng, Chern-Lin Chen. A passive lossless snubber cell for nonisolated PWM DCDC converters. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 1998. Vol. 45[4]: 593-601
43. Zhoubu Lin. A passive regenerative soft-switching converter with the simplest topology. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2002: 949-954.
44. Min-K wang Lee, Dong-Yun Lee, Dong-seok Hyum. New zero-current-transition PWM DC/DC converters without current stress. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2001: 1069-1074.
45. K. Mark Smith, Keyue Ma Smedley. Lossless Passive Soft-switching Methods for Inverters and Amplifiers. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2000. Vol.15[1]: 164-173.
46. K. Mark Smith, Keyue Ma Smedley. A Comparison of Voltage Mode Soft-Switching Methods for PWM Converters. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 1997. Vol.12[2]: 376-386
47. Lin. R.L, Lee F C. Novel Zero-Current-Switching-Zero-Voltage-Switching Converters. PESC' 96. 1996: 438-442.
48. Boost Circuit with Lossless Current Snubber. Patent WO-94/23448, March, 1994
49. Yan Deng, et al. A novel passive lossless snubber circuit for voltage source inverter bridge legs. IPEC-tokyo 2000 Proceedings: 519-524.
50. Jin He. An improved energy recovery soft-switching turn-on/turn-off passive boost snubber with peak voltage clamp. IEEE-APEC Conf. Rec. 2000: 699-707.
51.赵建统、薛红兵、梁树坤。谈当今电源产业及电源技术的发展趋势.http://www.168power.com/bbs/show.asp?id=50