单级功率因数校正AC/DC变换器的研究
摘要
功率因数校正技术已经成为一项重要的研究课题,为了满足IEC 1000-3-2的谐波要求,实现低损耗和高效率,单级功率因数校正技术已经受到极大的关注,尤其在中小功率的应用场合对单级功率因数校正的需求日益迫切。在这篇论文里我们对单级功率因数变换器作了较完整的研究。
单级功率因数变换器由功率因数校正单元和直直变换器构成,共用一个开关管和控制单元,能够实现输入电流的整形和紧凑的电压调制输出。本文主要介绍一种较新颖的Flyboost变换器,由于Flyboost单元既包含boost电路的特点,又具备反激电路的某些特征,所以我们分别对boost电路和反激电路作了一定的分析,分析这些PFC电路的工作原理,借鉴到Flyboost电路上来,为我所用。
文中关注了直接功率传递的概念,因为Flyboost电路就是基于这种概念才被人们提出的,并详细分析了该电路的工作原理和拓扑结构的特性,简要介绍了boost电路的两端和三端的电流整形单元,很多新型功率因数校正电路都是由这两种电流整形单元的结构得来的。
实验表明这种Flyboost电路能获得高功率因数和较低的储能缓冲电容电压,而且直接能量传递单元提高了整体的效率。
Power factor correction techniques have become one of the most important research topics. In order to compliance with IEC 1000-3-2 harmonic regulation and realize low-cost, high-performance, the single-stage power factor techniques have been given much attention these years. Especially in lower power application, single stage power factor correction converters become more and more urgent. In this dissertation the single-stage power factor correction converters are thoroughly studied.A single-stage PFC converter combines the PFC stage and a DC/DC converter into one stage with a shared switch and controller. They can implements the input current shape and provide tight output regulation. Because the flyboost PFC converter has the characters of boost type and the ones of flyback type PFC convert, we present a topological study of representative boost and flyback single-stage PFC converter and analyze the operation principle and characteristics of these single-stage PFC converters thoroughly. The single-stage PFC converters of Boost type can be classified as 2-terminal input current shaper (ICS) cell and 3-terminal ICS cell. Several new PFC topologies were derived from some existed ones using the translation rule of the 2-terminal and 3-terminal ICS cell.In this dissertation, we studied the concept of direct-power-transfer (DPT). The topology with flyboost cell which use the concept DPT is analyzed, the operation principle and characteristics of the topology is depicted in detail.From the experimental results we can see the flyboost PFC cell can achieve a high power factor and low voltage of the intermediate energy-storage capacitors. Moreover, The DPT cell give the system a higher efficiency.
单级功率因数变换器由功率因数校正单元和直直变换器构成,共用一个开关管和控制单元,能够实现输入电流的整形和紧凑的电压调制输出。本文主要介绍一种较新颖的Flyboost变换器,由于Flyboost单元既包含boost电路的特点,又具备反激电路的某些特征,所以我们分别对boost电路和反激电路作了一定的分析,分析这些PFC电路的工作原理,借鉴到Flyboost电路上来,为我所用。
文中关注了直接功率传递的概念,因为Flyboost电路就是基于这种概念才被人们提出的,并详细分析了该电路的工作原理和拓扑结构的特性,简要介绍了boost电路的两端和三端的电流整形单元,很多新型功率因数校正电路都是由这两种电流整形单元的结构得来的。
实验表明这种Flyboost电路能获得高功率因数和较低的储能缓冲电容电压,而且直接能量传递单元提高了整体的效率。
Power factor correction techniques have become one of the most important research topics. In order to compliance with IEC 1000-3-2 harmonic regulation and realize low-cost, high-performance, the single-stage power factor techniques have been given much attention these years. Especially in lower power application, single stage power factor correction converters become more and more urgent. In this dissertation the single-stage power factor correction converters are thoroughly studied.A single-stage PFC converter combines the PFC stage and a DC/DC converter into one stage with a shared switch and controller. They can implements the input current shape and provide tight output regulation. Because the flyboost PFC converter has the characters of boost type and the ones of flyback type PFC convert, we present a topological study of representative boost and flyback single-stage PFC converter and analyze the operation principle and characteristics of these single-stage PFC converters thoroughly. The single-stage PFC converters of Boost type can be classified as 2-terminal input current shaper (ICS) cell and 3-terminal ICS cell. Several new PFC topologies were derived from some existed ones using the translation rule of the 2-terminal and 3-terminal ICS cell.In this dissertation, we studied the concept of direct-power-transfer (DPT). The topology with flyboost cell which use the concept DPT is analyzed, the operation principle and characteristics of the topology is depicted in detail.From the experimental results we can see the flyboost PFC cell can achieve a high power factor and low voltage of the intermediate energy-storage capacitors. Moreover, The DPT cell give the system a higher efficiency.
引文
[1] Shiguo Luo, Weihong Qiu ,Wenkai Wu, and Issa Batarseh, "Flyboost Power Factor Correction Cell and a New Family of Single-Stage AC/DC Converters" IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, Vol. 20, No. 1, Jan 2005
[2] S. Luo, W. Qiu, W. Wu, and I. Batarseh, "Flyboost power factor correction cell and its applications in single-stage ac/dc converters," in Proc. IEEE PESC'02 Conf., 2002, pp. 1375-1380.
[3] R. Watson, G C. Hua, and F. C. Lee, "Characterization of an active clamp flyback topology for power factor correction applications", in Proc. IEEE APEC'94 Conf., 1994, vol. 11, pp.412-418.
[4] Shiguo Luo, Weihong Qiu, and Issa Batarseh, "Flyboost Power Factor Correction Cell and a New Family of Single-Stage AC/DC Converters",IEEE PESC'02 Conf. 2005, vol. 20, pp.25-34
[5] J. Qian, Q. Zhao "Single-stage single-switch power factor-correction ac/dc converters with dc-bus voltage feedback for universal line applications", IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 1998,vol. 13, pp. 1079-1088,.
[6] R. Redle, L.Balogh and N.O.Sokal, "A New Family of Single-Stage Isolated Power-Factor Correctors with Fast Regulation of the Output Voltage",PESC94 Record,pp. 1137-1144.
[7] Chongming Qian and Keyue Smedley, "A Topology Survey of Single-Stage Power Factor Corrector with a Boost Type Input-Current-Shaper", IEEE APEC'2000 Conf, Vol.1, pp. 460-A67.
[8] R. Redl, "Power factor correction in single-phase switching-mode power supplies-an overview" ,Int. J. Electron., 1994 ,vol. 77 , pp. 555-582
[9] C. Qian and K. Smedley, "A topology survey of single-stage power factor corrector with a boost type input-current-shaper," in Proc. IEEE APEC'00 Conf., vol. 1, 2000, pp. 460-467.
[10] M. M. Jovanovic, D. M. Tsang, and F. C. Lee, "Reduction of voltage stress in integrated high-quality rectifier-regulators by variable-frequency control," in Proc. IEEE APEC'94 Conf., 1994, pp. 569-575.
[11] Y. Jiang and F. C. Lee, "Single-stage single-phase parallel power factor correction scheme," in Proc. IEEE PESC'94 Conf., 1994, pp. 1145-1151.
[12] O. Garcia, J. A. Cobos, P. Alou, R. Preito, J. Uceda, and S. Ollero, "A new family of single stage ac/dc power factor correction converters with fast output
voltage regulation," in Proc. IEEE PESC'97 Conf., 1997, pp. 536-542.
[13] J. Sebastian, P. J. Villegas, F. Nuno, O. Garcia, and J. Arau, "Improving dynamic response of power-factor preregulators by using two-input high-efficient postregulators," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 1007-1016, Nov. 1997.
[14] H. Wei and I. Bartarseh et al., "A single-switch ac/dc converter with power factor correction," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 421-430, May 2000.
[15] W. Qiu, W. Wu, S. Luo, and I. Batarseh, "Practical design consideration of a single-stage single-switch parallel PFC converter for universal voltage applications," in Proc. IEEE IAS'02 Conf., 2002, pp. 2133-2140.
[16] W. Qiu, S. Luo, W. Wu, and I. Batarseh, "A Bi-flyback PFC converter with low intermediate bus voltage and tight output voltage regulation for universal input applications," in Proc. IEEE APEC'02 Conf., 2002, pp. 256-262.
[17] R. Erickson, et al, "Design of a simple high-power-factor rectifier based on the flyback converter," Proceedings ofAPEC '90, pp. 792801.
[18] E X. Yang, et al, "Isolated boost circuit for power-factor correction," Proceedings of APEC '9.3, pp. 196-203.
[19] M. H. Khernlawa, et al, "A fast-response high power factor converter with a single power stage," PESC '91 Recorci, pp. 769-779.
[20] I. Takahasi and R. Y. Igarashi, "A switching power supply of 99% power factor by the dither rectifier," INTELEC '91 Proceedings, pp. 714-719.
[21] M. M. Jovanovic, et al, "Reduction of voltage stress in integrated highquality rectifier-regulators by variable-frequency control," Proceedings of APEC '94, pp. 569-575.
[22] K-H Liu and Y-L En, "Current waveform distortion in power factor correction circuits employing discontinuous-mode boost converters," PESC '89 Record, pp. 825-829.
[23] Qun Zhao, Ming Xu and Fred C. Lee, "Single-Switch Parallel Power Factor Correction AC-DC Converters With Inherent Load Current Feedback " IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 19, NO. 4, JULY 2004
[24] Yim-Shu Lee and Bo-Tao Lin "Adding Active Clamping and Soft Switching to Boost-Flyback Single-Stage Isolated Power-Factor-Corrected Power Supplies" IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 12, NO. 6, NOVEMBER 1997
[25] 许化民,阮新波,严仰光,“单级功率因数校正AC/DC变换器综述”,电力电子技术,2001,1:56—60
[26] 李广全,“单级功率因数校正变换器及其实现直接功率传递的研究”,华南理工硕士学位论文,2003,5
[27] 潘飞踩,陈星弼,“一种Boost型PFC变频控制电路的简单实现方案”,电力电子技术,Vol.38,No.1,2004:30-32
[28] 高潮,罗世国“单级功率因数校正AC/DC变流器降低开关电压应力方法”重庆大学学报Vol.25 No.9 2002
[29] 邓卫华,张波,“工作在临界状态下的单级功率因数校正电路研究”,电力电子技术,Vol.36,No.2,2002:53—55.
[30] 姜桂宾,裴云庆,刘海涛,王兆安,“一种新型带隔离变压器的Boost变换器”,电力电子技术,Vol.36,No.4,2002:24—260
[31] 杜少武,邹希,“基于Flyboost功率因数校正单元的单级AC/DC变换器”,合肥工业大学学报,2006年第12期
[32] 张占松,蔡宣三,开关电源原理与设计[M],北京,电子工业出版社,1998,198-200
[33] 严百平,刘建,不连续导电模式高功率因数开关电源第一版.科学出版社,2000:15-18
[34] 周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华,开关电源功率因数校正电路设计与应用 人民邮电出版社2004:64-70
[35] 许化民,阮新波,严仰光,“单级功率因数校正AC/DC变换器”电力电子技术,2000年第5期2000.10
[2] S. Luo, W. Qiu, W. Wu, and I. Batarseh, "Flyboost power factor correction cell and its applications in single-stage ac/dc converters," in Proc. IEEE PESC'02 Conf., 2002, pp. 1375-1380.
[3] R. Watson, G C. Hua, and F. C. Lee, "Characterization of an active clamp flyback topology for power factor correction applications", in Proc. IEEE APEC'94 Conf., 1994, vol. 11, pp.412-418.
[4] Shiguo Luo, Weihong Qiu, and Issa Batarseh, "Flyboost Power Factor Correction Cell and a New Family of Single-Stage AC/DC Converters",IEEE PESC'02 Conf. 2005, vol. 20, pp.25-34
[5] J. Qian, Q. Zhao "Single-stage single-switch power factor-correction ac/dc converters with dc-bus voltage feedback for universal line applications", IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 1998,vol. 13, pp. 1079-1088,.
[6] R. Redle, L.Balogh and N.O.Sokal, "A New Family of Single-Stage Isolated Power-Factor Correctors with Fast Regulation of the Output Voltage",PESC94 Record,pp. 1137-1144.
[7] Chongming Qian and Keyue Smedley, "A Topology Survey of Single-Stage Power Factor Corrector with a Boost Type Input-Current-Shaper", IEEE APEC'2000 Conf, Vol.1, pp. 460-A67.
[8] R. Redl, "Power factor correction in single-phase switching-mode power supplies-an overview" ,Int. J. Electron., 1994 ,vol. 77 , pp. 555-582
[9] C. Qian and K. Smedley, "A topology survey of single-stage power factor corrector with a boost type input-current-shaper," in Proc. IEEE APEC'00 Conf., vol. 1, 2000, pp. 460-467.
[10] M. M. Jovanovic, D. M. Tsang, and F. C. Lee, "Reduction of voltage stress in integrated high-quality rectifier-regulators by variable-frequency control," in Proc. IEEE APEC'94 Conf., 1994, pp. 569-575.
[11] Y. Jiang and F. C. Lee, "Single-stage single-phase parallel power factor correction scheme," in Proc. IEEE PESC'94 Conf., 1994, pp. 1145-1151.
[12] O. Garcia, J. A. Cobos, P. Alou, R. Preito, J. Uceda, and S. Ollero, "A new family of single stage ac/dc power factor correction converters with fast output
voltage regulation," in Proc. IEEE PESC'97 Conf., 1997, pp. 536-542.
[13] J. Sebastian, P. J. Villegas, F. Nuno, O. Garcia, and J. Arau, "Improving dynamic response of power-factor preregulators by using two-input high-efficient postregulators," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 1007-1016, Nov. 1997.
[14] H. Wei and I. Bartarseh et al., "A single-switch ac/dc converter with power factor correction," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 421-430, May 2000.
[15] W. Qiu, W. Wu, S. Luo, and I. Batarseh, "Practical design consideration of a single-stage single-switch parallel PFC converter for universal voltage applications," in Proc. IEEE IAS'02 Conf., 2002, pp. 2133-2140.
[16] W. Qiu, S. Luo, W. Wu, and I. Batarseh, "A Bi-flyback PFC converter with low intermediate bus voltage and tight output voltage regulation for universal input applications," in Proc. IEEE APEC'02 Conf., 2002, pp. 256-262.
[17] R. Erickson, et al, "Design of a simple high-power-factor rectifier based on the flyback converter," Proceedings ofAPEC '90, pp. 792801.
[18] E X. Yang, et al, "Isolated boost circuit for power-factor correction," Proceedings of APEC '9.3, pp. 196-203.
[19] M. H. Khernlawa, et al, "A fast-response high power factor converter with a single power stage," PESC '91 Recorci, pp. 769-779.
[20] I. Takahasi and R. Y. Igarashi, "A switching power supply of 99% power factor by the dither rectifier," INTELEC '91 Proceedings, pp. 714-719.
[21] M. M. Jovanovic, et al, "Reduction of voltage stress in integrated highquality rectifier-regulators by variable-frequency control," Proceedings of APEC '94, pp. 569-575.
[22] K-H Liu and Y-L En, "Current waveform distortion in power factor correction circuits employing discontinuous-mode boost converters," PESC '89 Record, pp. 825-829.
[23] Qun Zhao, Ming Xu and Fred C. Lee, "Single-Switch Parallel Power Factor Correction AC-DC Converters With Inherent Load Current Feedback " IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 19, NO. 4, JULY 2004
[24] Yim-Shu Lee and Bo-Tao Lin "Adding Active Clamping and Soft Switching to Boost-Flyback Single-Stage Isolated Power-Factor-Corrected Power Supplies" IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 12, NO. 6, NOVEMBER 1997
[25] 许化民,阮新波,严仰光,“单级功率因数校正AC/DC变换器综述”,电力电子技术,2001,1:56—60
[26] 李广全,“单级功率因数校正变换器及其实现直接功率传递的研究”,华南理工硕士学位论文,2003,5
[27] 潘飞踩,陈星弼,“一种Boost型PFC变频控制电路的简单实现方案”,电力电子技术,Vol.38,No.1,2004:30-32
[28] 高潮,罗世国“单级功率因数校正AC/DC变流器降低开关电压应力方法”重庆大学学报Vol.25 No.9 2002
[29] 邓卫华,张波,“工作在临界状态下的单级功率因数校正电路研究”,电力电子技术,Vol.36,No.2,2002:53—55.
[30] 姜桂宾,裴云庆,刘海涛,王兆安,“一种新型带隔离变压器的Boost变换器”,电力电子技术,Vol.36,No.4,2002:24—260
[31] 杜少武,邹希,“基于Flyboost功率因数校正单元的单级AC/DC变换器”,合肥工业大学学报,2006年第12期
[32] 张占松,蔡宣三,开关电源原理与设计[M],北京,电子工业出版社,1998,198-200
[33] 严百平,刘建,不连续导电模式高功率因数开关电源第一版.科学出版社,2000:15-18
[34] 周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华,开关电源功率因数校正电路设计与应用 人民邮电出版社2004:64-70
[35] 许化民,阮新波,严仰光,“单级功率因数校正AC/DC变换器”电力电子技术,2000年第5期2000.10