APFC技术在通信电源中的应用
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摘要
EI智能通信电源是以EI-RM48/15整流模块、EI-PCU控制模块和交直流配电单元为核心组成的模块式通信电源系统,配置灵活,功能完善,质量可靠,性价比高,为接入、传输、综合交换等小容量设备的首选产品。
本文介绍了EI智能通信电源的结构、原理、及设计过程等。整个电源由输入电路、功率因数校正器、主逆变器、输出滤波电路、辅助电源、均流电路等部分组成。
文中对功率因数校正(PFC)的原理进行了分析,接着对单相功率因数校正的电路拓扑、控制方法作了综合阐述,分析其存在的问题,给出了几种解决方案。最后提出了一种新型的单相功率因数校正电路,实现了功率开关管的软开关,具有高功率因数、低电流谐波,开关损耗小、变换效率高、并限制了电压尖峰减小了电磁干扰(EMI)。
论文详细介绍了关键电路参数设计方法,最后给出了实验波形,结果证明该电路带载能力强,工作范围大,可实现输入单位功率因数。
The EI Intellectual communication power source has the core with a modular communication power system, an EI-RM48/15 rectifier module, an EI-PCU control module and an AC/DC distribution unit. With the flexible configuration, complete functions, reliable quality and economical prices, it is the first choice for small capacity equipments with functions of switching in, transmission and comprehensive exchange.This paper presents the structure, the principle and the design of The EI Intellectual communication power source .The system consists of the AC input stage,single phase PFC,main inverter,output low-pass filter,auxiliary power supply,and load current sharing circuit,etc.The operation principle of APFC is analyzed at first, then this paper briefly reviews the single-stage power factor correction (PFC) based on the circuit topology and control strategy, analyses the problem and give some schemes to solve, At last, a new single-stage PFC circuit is mentioned respectively, they achieved soft-switching of power switches high power factor, low input current distortion, low switching loss, high efficiency,limited the voltage spike and reduced the EMLThe design method of the key circuit parameter is particularly introduced. The result proves that the circuit can work in wide range and improve input-power-factor to unit.
本文介绍了EI智能通信电源的结构、原理、及设计过程等。整个电源由输入电路、功率因数校正器、主逆变器、输出滤波电路、辅助电源、均流电路等部分组成。
文中对功率因数校正(PFC)的原理进行了分析,接着对单相功率因数校正的电路拓扑、控制方法作了综合阐述,分析其存在的问题,给出了几种解决方案。最后提出了一种新型的单相功率因数校正电路,实现了功率开关管的软开关,具有高功率因数、低电流谐波,开关损耗小、变换效率高、并限制了电压尖峰减小了电磁干扰(EMI)。
论文详细介绍了关键电路参数设计方法,最后给出了实验波形,结果证明该电路带载能力强,工作范围大,可实现输入单位功率因数。
The EI Intellectual communication power source has the core with a modular communication power system, an EI-RM48/15 rectifier module, an EI-PCU control module and an AC/DC distribution unit. With the flexible configuration, complete functions, reliable quality and economical prices, it is the first choice for small capacity equipments with functions of switching in, transmission and comprehensive exchange.This paper presents the structure, the principle and the design of The EI Intellectual communication power source .The system consists of the AC input stage,single phase PFC,main inverter,output low-pass filter,auxiliary power supply,and load current sharing circuit,etc.The operation principle of APFC is analyzed at first, then this paper briefly reviews the single-stage power factor correction (PFC) based on the circuit topology and control strategy, analyses the problem and give some schemes to solve, At last, a new single-stage PFC circuit is mentioned respectively, they achieved soft-switching of power switches high power factor, low input current distortion, low switching loss, high efficiency,limited the voltage spike and reduced the EMLThe design method of the key circuit parameter is particularly introduced. The result proves that the circuit can work in wide range and improve input-power-factor to unit.
引文
[1] 王鸿麟景占荣通信基础电源陕西:西安电子科技大学出版社2001.1:1～9,109-196。
[2] 刘胜利 现代高频开关电源实用技术电子工业出版社2001.9
[3] 董慨林周布叶建盈无源软开关技术在单相APFC上的应用研究[J]电力电子技术2005.12,39(6):72～74
[4] 李安伏赵艳春整流模块在通信电源系统中的技术应用与研究[J].中州大学学报,2006,23(1):117～119
[5] 黄济青通信电源的技术动态电信快报.2001(8)
[6] 赵建统 薛红兵 梁树坤 电源产业的发展趋势 电源资讯2006.5:29～32
[7] 吴泉清 基于PFC的DC/DC变换器的研究.上海:同济大学电气工程系,2002.
[8] 赵修科 实用电源技术手册沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社2002.8:102～119
[9] 何希才 姜余祥 新型稳压电源及其应用.北京:国防工业出版社,2002.
[10] 林渭勋现代电力电子电路.杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002.
[11] 喻建军 具有无损耗缓冲电路的软开关双管正激式变换器 通信电源技术,2001,4
[12] 徐德鸿中、大功率高频隔离PWM DC/DC功率变换器拓扑第13届全国电源技术年会论文集,1999年
[13] 徐曼珍全桥PWM-DC/DC变换器谐振技术的发展通信电源技术,2000年3月,第一期
[14] 李长明低损耗的IGBT/MOSFET并联开关在开关电源中的应用 通信电源技术,1997年6月,第2期
[15] 张廷鹏等 通信用高频开关电源,人民邮电出版社,1997年9月
[16] 何希才新型开关电源及其应用,人民邮电出版社,1996年5月
[17] [日]长谷川彰开关式稳压器的设计技术,科学出版社,1989年9月
[18] 徐曼珍 程控数字通信系统基础电源设备,人民邮电出版社,1995年11月
[19] 丁道宏 电力电子技术 航空工业出版社,1992
[20] 严百平 不连续导电模式高功率因数开关电源[M].北京:科学出版社,2000
[21] 蔡宣三 龚绍文 高频功率电子学,北京:科学出版社,1993
[22] 王英剑 常敏慧 何希才新型开关电源实用技术 北京:电子工业出版社,1999.4
[23] 林德鸿 三相高功率因数整流器的发展和现状,江苏机械制造与自动化,2000年8月
[24] 林渭勋现代电力电子电路,浙江大学出版社,2002
[25] 吕厚余 自动控制原理,重庆大学出版社,1998
[26] 谢仁践 张波 施斌等.一种新颖的高功率因数整流器的研究[J].电工电能新技术,2002,21(2):42-45.
[27] 蔡宣三 开关电源的均流技术 十一届电源年会论文集:250—253
[28] 蔡宣三 高频开关变换器中的磁元件—电感与变压器.电源世界,2002.3.
[29] 何茂军 李晓帆 付应红.一种新型ZVT-PWM软开关BOOST变换器.通信电源技术,2001年6月,第二期
[30] 秦棣祥 通信电源中几个问题的探讨.通信电源技术,2001年6月,第二期
[31] 杨玉岗 现代电力电子的磁技术,北京:科学出版社,2003
[32] 王家庆 智能型高频开关电源系统的原理使用与维护人民邮电出版社2000.05
[33] 赵效敏 开关电源的设计与应用 上海科学普及出版社1994.9
[34] 叶慧贞 杨兴洲 新颖开关稳压电源,国防工业出版社,1999年1月
[35] 周志敏 开关电源功率因数校正电路设计与应用人民邮电出版社2004.11
[36] Hui,S.Y.R.,Cheng, K.W.E., Prakash,S.R.N.,"A class of fully soft-switching Power Factor correction circuits," IEEE Power Electron, 1995 1165-1169.
[37] Hui,S.Y.R.,Cheng, K.W.E.,"Zero switching low output voltage power factor correction circuits," IEEE Power Electron, 1995 920-924.
[38] Barbi, Ivo, Oliveira de silva, S.A., "Sinusoidal line current rectification at unity power factor with Boost quasi-resonant converters," IEEE Power Electron, 1990 553-562.
[39] R. Redl, "An economical single-phase passive power-factor-corrected rectifier: topology, operation, extensions, and design for compliance", in Proc. of IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, APEC'98, pp. 454-460, 1998.
[40] R. B. Ridley, "Average small signal analysis of the Boost power factor correction circuit",in Proc. of Virginia Power Electronics Center Seminar Proceedings, 1989. Reprinted in Lecture Notes of the Analysis and design of power factor correction circuits course,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA, August 17-19,1998, pp. R-25-R-37.
[41] K. M. Smith Jr., K. M. Smedley, "A comparison of voltage-mode soft-switching methods for PWM converters", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 376-386,Mar. 1997.112
[42] Schenk K. et al. A Simple three-phase power factor correction with improved harmonic distortion. PESC'97, 1997
[43] J. Zhang, et al. Evaluation of Input Current in the Critical Mode Boost PFC Converter for Distributed Power Systems, IEEE APEC 2001
[44] J.P. Noon, D.Dalal, Practical design issues for PFC circuits, IEEE APEC 1997.
[45] L.Dixon,Unitrode Magnetics Design Handbook, MAG 100A. Texas Instruments
[46] UCC3817 data sheet, Texas Instruments Power Supply Control Products.www.ti.com
[47] Garcia O, Fernandez C, Cobos J A, Uceda J. Universal line voltage single-stage AC/DC converter. IEEE APEC'02. 2002:237-241
[48] James P.Noon Dhaval Dalai. Practical Design Issue for PFC Circuit[M].IEEE PESC, 1997,pp.51-58.
[49] V. Vorperian, R. B. Ridley, "A simple scheme for unity power factor rectification for high frequency ac buses", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 77-87, Jan. 1990.
[50] Bo Yang,Fred C.Lee, "LLC Resonant Converter for Front End DC/DC Conversion", IEEE, PP. 1108-1112,2002.
[51] Wei Dong, Qun Zhao, Jinjun Liu and Fred C.Lee, "A Boost converter with lossless snubber under minimum voltage stress",IEEE,2002, pp.509～515.
[52] IEC 61000-3-2 (2000-08) Ed. 2: "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)-Part 3-2: Limits-Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current·16A per phase)", IEC, 2000.
[53] IEEE Std.519-1992,IEEE recommended practices and requirements for harmonic control in electric power systems[S]. 1993.
[54] T.S. Key;Jih-Sheng Lai, IEEE and international harmonic standards impact on power electronic equipment design,Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation, 1997
[55] Carsten, Simplified Calculation of Magnetic and Electrical Losses in Unity Power Factor Boost Preregulators, Published by Micrometals Inc. www.micrometals.com
[56] Hongyang Wu, Xiangning He, "A novel single phase three-level power factor correction with passive lossless snubber", IEEE,2002. pp.968～974.
[57] D. Maksimovic, J. Yungtaek, R. W. Erickson, "Nonlinear-carrier control for high-powerfactor Boost rectifiers", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 578-584, July 1996.
[58] A. W. Kelley, W. F. Yadusky, "Rectifier design for minimum line-current harmonics and maximum power factor", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 332-341 ,Apr. 1992.
[59] Zhou and M.M. Jovanovic', Design Trade-Offs in Continuous Current-Mode Controlled Boost Power Factor Correction Circuit, High Frequency Power Conversion Conference May 1992
[60] C. A. Canesin, I. Barbi, "Analysis and design of constant-frequency peak-currentcontrolled high-power-factor Boost rectifier with slope compensation", in Proc. of IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, APEC'96, pp. 807-813, 1996
[61] J. S. Glaser, A. F. Witulski, "Design issues for high power factor AC-DC converter systems", in Proc. of IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, PESC'95, pp. 542-548, 1995.
[62] L. Dixon, "Average current mode control of switching power supplies", in Unitrode Power Supply Design Seminar Manual, SEM-700, 1990. Reprinted in the Unitrode Applications Handbook (IC 1051), Application note U-140, pp. 3-356- 3-369, 1997.
[63] Tse, C.K.;Chow, M.H.L. Theoretical study of switching power converters with power factor correction and output regulation. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I, 2000 : 1047-1055
[64] C.M.T. Cruz, I. Barbi, "A passive lossless snubber for the high power factor unidirectional three-phase three-level rectifier", IEEE. 1999. pp. 909～914.
[65] J. Cho, J. Back, D. Yoo, H. Lee, "Reduced conduction loss zero-voltage-transition power factor correction converter with low cost", IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45,no. 3, pp. 395-400, June 1998.
[66] L. Huber, M. Jovanovic, "Single-stage, single-switch, isolated power supply technique with input-current shaping and fast output-voltage regulation for universal input-voltagerange applications", in Proc. of IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, APEC'97,pp. 272-280, 1997.
[67] K.M.Smith, K.M.Semedley, "A Comparison of Voltage mode Soft-Switching Methods for PWM Converters", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 1997,Vol. 12,No.2, pp.376-386
[68] Hacy Bodur, and A. Faruk Bakan, "A new ZVT-PWM DC-DC converter", IEEE Trans. On Power Electronics,vol. 17,no. 1, January 2002,pp. 40～47
[69] D.S. Chen, J.S. Lai, Design Consideration for Power Factor Correction Boost Operating at the Boundary of Continuous Conduction Mode and Discontinuous Conduction Mode, IEEE APEC 1993
[70] Qun Zhao, Lee F C, Jinrong Qian. Single-switch parallel power factor correction AC/DC converters with inherent load current feedback. IEEE APEC'02 2002:270-276
[2] 刘胜利 现代高频开关电源实用技术电子工业出版社2001.9
[3] 董慨林周布叶建盈无源软开关技术在单相APFC上的应用研究[J]电力电子技术2005.12,39(6):72～74
[4] 李安伏赵艳春整流模块在通信电源系统中的技术应用与研究[J].中州大学学报,2006,23(1):117～119
[5] 黄济青通信电源的技术动态电信快报.2001(8)
[6] 赵建统 薛红兵 梁树坤 电源产业的发展趋势 电源资讯2006.5:29～32
[7] 吴泉清 基于PFC的DC/DC变换器的研究.上海:同济大学电气工程系,2002.
[8] 赵修科 实用电源技术手册沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社2002.8:102～119
[9] 何希才 姜余祥 新型稳压电源及其应用.北京:国防工业出版社,2002.
[10] 林渭勋现代电力电子电路.杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002.
[11] 喻建军 具有无损耗缓冲电路的软开关双管正激式变换器 通信电源技术,2001,4
[12] 徐德鸿中、大功率高频隔离PWM DC/DC功率变换器拓扑第13届全国电源技术年会论文集,1999年
[13] 徐曼珍全桥PWM-DC/DC变换器谐振技术的发展通信电源技术,2000年3月,第一期
[14] 李长明低损耗的IGBT/MOSFET并联开关在开关电源中的应用 通信电源技术,1997年6月,第2期
[15] 张廷鹏等 通信用高频开关电源,人民邮电出版社,1997年9月
[16] 何希才新型开关电源及其应用,人民邮电出版社,1996年5月
[17] [日]长谷川彰开关式稳压器的设计技术,科学出版社,1989年9月
[18] 徐曼珍 程控数字通信系统基础电源设备,人民邮电出版社,1995年11月
[19] 丁道宏 电力电子技术 航空工业出版社,1992
[20] 严百平 不连续导电模式高功率因数开关电源[M].北京:科学出版社,2000
[21] 蔡宣三 龚绍文 高频功率电子学,北京:科学出版社,1993
[22] 王英剑 常敏慧 何希才新型开关电源实用技术 北京:电子工业出版社,1999.4
[23] 林德鸿 三相高功率因数整流器的发展和现状,江苏机械制造与自动化,2000年8月
[24] 林渭勋现代电力电子电路,浙江大学出版社,2002
[25] 吕厚余 自动控制原理,重庆大学出版社,1998
[26] 谢仁践 张波 施斌等.一种新颖的高功率因数整流器的研究[J].电工电能新技术,2002,21(2):42-45.
[27] 蔡宣三 开关电源的均流技术 十一届电源年会论文集:250—253
[28] 蔡宣三 高频开关变换器中的磁元件—电感与变压器.电源世界,2002.3.
[29] 何茂军 李晓帆 付应红.一种新型ZVT-PWM软开关BOOST变换器.通信电源技术,2001年6月,第二期
[30] 秦棣祥 通信电源中几个问题的探讨.通信电源技术,2001年6月,第二期
[31] 杨玉岗 现代电力电子的磁技术,北京:科学出版社,2003
[32] 王家庆 智能型高频开关电源系统的原理使用与维护人民邮电出版社2000.05
[33] 赵效敏 开关电源的设计与应用 上海科学普及出版社1994.9
[34] 叶慧贞 杨兴洲 新颖开关稳压电源,国防工业出版社,1999年1月
[35] 周志敏 开关电源功率因数校正电路设计与应用人民邮电出版社2004.11
[36] Hui,S.Y.R.,Cheng, K.W.E., Prakash,S.R.N.,"A class of fully soft-switching Power Factor correction circuits," IEEE Power Electron, 1995 1165-1169.
[37] Hui,S.Y.R.,Cheng, K.W.E.,"Zero switching low output voltage power factor correction circuits," IEEE Power Electron, 1995 920-924.
[38] Barbi, Ivo, Oliveira de silva, S.A., "Sinusoidal line current rectification at unity power factor with Boost quasi-resonant converters," IEEE Power Electron, 1990 553-562.
[39] R. Redl, "An economical single-phase passive power-factor-corrected rectifier: topology, operation, extensions, and design for compliance", in Proc. of IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, APEC'98, pp. 454-460, 1998.
[40] R. B. Ridley, "Average small signal analysis of the Boost power factor correction circuit",in Proc. of Virginia Power Electronics Center Seminar Proceedings, 1989. Reprinted in Lecture Notes of the Analysis and design of power factor correction circuits course,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA, August 17-19,1998, pp. R-25-R-37.
[41] K. M. Smith Jr., K. M. Smedley, "A comparison of voltage-mode soft-switching methods for PWM converters", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 376-386,Mar. 1997.112
[42] Schenk K. et al. A Simple three-phase power factor correction with improved harmonic distortion. PESC'97, 1997
[43] J. Zhang, et al. Evaluation of Input Current in the Critical Mode Boost PFC Converter for Distributed Power Systems, IEEE APEC 2001
[44] J.P. Noon, D.Dalal, Practical design issues for PFC circuits, IEEE APEC 1997.
[45] L.Dixon,Unitrode Magnetics Design Handbook, MAG 100A. Texas Instruments
[46] UCC3817 data sheet, Texas Instruments Power Supply Control Products.www.ti.com
[47] Garcia O, Fernandez C, Cobos J A, Uceda J. Universal line voltage single-stage AC/DC converter. IEEE APEC'02. 2002:237-241
[48] James P.Noon Dhaval Dalai. Practical Design Issue for PFC Circuit[M].IEEE PESC, 1997,pp.51-58.
[49] V. Vorperian, R. B. Ridley, "A simple scheme for unity power factor rectification for high frequency ac buses", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 77-87, Jan. 1990.
[50] Bo Yang,Fred C.Lee, "LLC Resonant Converter for Front End DC/DC Conversion", IEEE, PP. 1108-1112,2002.
[51] Wei Dong, Qun Zhao, Jinjun Liu and Fred C.Lee, "A Boost converter with lossless snubber under minimum voltage stress",IEEE,2002, pp.509～515.
[52] IEC 61000-3-2 (2000-08) Ed. 2: "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)-Part 3-2: Limits-Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current·16A per phase)", IEC, 2000.
[53] IEEE Std.519-1992,IEEE recommended practices and requirements for harmonic control in electric power systems[S]. 1993.
[54] T.S. Key;Jih-Sheng Lai, IEEE and international harmonic standards impact on power electronic equipment design,Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation, 1997
[55] Carsten, Simplified Calculation of Magnetic and Electrical Losses in Unity Power Factor Boost Preregulators, Published by Micrometals Inc. www.micrometals.com
[56] Hongyang Wu, Xiangning He, "A novel single phase three-level power factor correction with passive lossless snubber", IEEE,2002. pp.968～974.
[57] D. Maksimovic, J. Yungtaek, R. W. Erickson, "Nonlinear-carrier control for high-powerfactor Boost rectifiers", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 578-584, July 1996.
[58] A. W. Kelley, W. F. Yadusky, "Rectifier design for minimum line-current harmonics and maximum power factor", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 332-341 ,Apr. 1992.
[59] Zhou and M.M. Jovanovic', Design Trade-Offs in Continuous Current-Mode Controlled Boost Power Factor Correction Circuit, High Frequency Power Conversion Conference May 1992
[60] C. A. Canesin, I. Barbi, "Analysis and design of constant-frequency peak-currentcontrolled high-power-factor Boost rectifier with slope compensation", in Proc. of IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, APEC'96, pp. 807-813, 1996
[61] J. S. Glaser, A. F. Witulski, "Design issues for high power factor AC-DC converter systems", in Proc. of IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, PESC'95, pp. 542-548, 1995.
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