无线移动自组织网络移动路由的设计与仿真
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摘要
随着无线通信技术的迅速发展和便携式计算机的普及，移动式计算变得越来越普遍，多种无线接入和组网方式也应运而生。
目前较普遍的无线组网方式（典型的如无线局域网）基本上是一种单跳网络，无路由功能，只适合于家庭、小型区域范围等场合。本文所介绍的无线移动自组织网络则打破这种限制，它具有多跳的网络拓扑结构，不依赖于预先存在的固定网络，网络中的节点能够在其它节点照常进行通信的情况下动态加入和离开网络。由于无线移动自组织网络组网方式灵活，不论在军事上还是在商业上都有着非常广阔的应用前景。
结合蜂窝式无线移动通信系统和Ad Hoc网络的特点，本文设计了具有两级网络结构的无线移动自组织网络系统，使用专门的无线设备——“无线路由器”构成具有用户无线接入、无线组网和路由功能的无线互连网络，为移动用户提供无线接入、路由和中继服务。
根据上述思想，本文介绍了无线移动自组织网络中“无线路由器”的路由设计方案，包括采用集中方式进行用户寻径的移动路由技术和用于维护网络拓扑的网络路由协议的设计，对网络路由算法进行了仿真模型的建立，并验证其有效性。
本文的研究为今后无线移动自组织网络实验系统路由方案的实现提供了依据，同时仿真模型的建立为今后网络路由算法乃至整个实验系统性能的评估打下了基础。
Due to recent performance advancements in computer and wireless communications technologies, mobile wireless computing is becoming increasingly widespread. However, most of the wirless networks have typical single-hop characteristics, which limits their applicaton in small regions. Unlike these mobile network paradigms, the wireless mobile self-organizing networks we introduce in this paper have dynamic, rapidly changing, random, multihop topologies.
In contrast with the topology of the existing Inernet, where the router topology is essentially static, in a mobile self-organizing network, the routers are mobile and interrouter connectivity may change during normal operation. Providing an extremely flexible method for establishing communications, the mobile self-organizing network has potential applications in both military and commercial communications.
Based on the GSM wireless communication system and the Ad Hoc network, there are two level hierarchies in the mobile self-organizing network: wireless routers and wireless hosts. Wireless routers perform the function of constructing routes, forwarding data, and locating mobile hosts.
This paper introduces the routing scheme of the wireless router: include centralized mobile routing technology and dynamic network routing protocol. The simulation model of the network routing protocol is also described, and the model's validation is verified.
This paper will give a good reference to the routing implementation of the wireless mobile self-organizing network system, and the building of the simulation model lays the foundation for the evaluating of the network performance.
目前较普遍的无线组网方式（典型的如无线局域网）基本上是一种单跳网络，无路由功能，只适合于家庭、小型区域范围等场合。本文所介绍的无线移动自组织网络则打破这种限制，它具有多跳的网络拓扑结构，不依赖于预先存在的固定网络，网络中的节点能够在其它节点照常进行通信的情况下动态加入和离开网络。由于无线移动自组织网络组网方式灵活，不论在军事上还是在商业上都有着非常广阔的应用前景。
结合蜂窝式无线移动通信系统和Ad Hoc网络的特点，本文设计了具有两级网络结构的无线移动自组织网络系统，使用专门的无线设备——“无线路由器”构成具有用户无线接入、无线组网和路由功能的无线互连网络，为移动用户提供无线接入、路由和中继服务。
根据上述思想，本文介绍了无线移动自组织网络中“无线路由器”的路由设计方案，包括采用集中方式进行用户寻径的移动路由技术和用于维护网络拓扑的网络路由协议的设计，对网络路由算法进行了仿真模型的建立，并验证其有效性。
本文的研究为今后无线移动自组织网络实验系统路由方案的实现提供了依据，同时仿真模型的建立为今后网络路由算法乃至整个实验系统性能的评估打下了基础。
Due to recent performance advancements in computer and wireless communications technologies, mobile wireless computing is becoming increasingly widespread. However, most of the wirless networks have typical single-hop characteristics, which limits their applicaton in small regions. Unlike these mobile network paradigms, the wireless mobile self-organizing networks we introduce in this paper have dynamic, rapidly changing, random, multihop topologies.
In contrast with the topology of the existing Inernet, where the router topology is essentially static, in a mobile self-organizing network, the routers are mobile and interrouter connectivity may change during normal operation. Providing an extremely flexible method for establishing communications, the mobile self-organizing network has potential applications in both military and commercial communications.
Based on the GSM wireless communication system and the Ad Hoc network, there are two level hierarchies in the mobile self-organizing network: wireless routers and wireless hosts. Wireless routers perform the function of constructing routes, forwarding data, and locating mobile hosts.
This paper introduces the routing scheme of the wireless router: include centralized mobile routing technology and dynamic network routing protocol. The simulation model of the network routing protocol is also described, and the model's validation is verified.
This paper will give a good reference to the routing implementation of the wireless mobile self-organizing network system, and the building of the simulation model lays the foundation for the evaluating of the network performance.
引文
【1】 James D.Solomon. 移动IP. 裘晓峰等译. 机械工业出版社，北京, 2000
【2】 S. Corson and J Macker. Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations, IETF RFC 2501, Jan. 1999.
【3】 Editors of IEEE802.11. Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications, first edition, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc, New York, August 1999.
【4】 Joseph P. Mackera and M. Scott Corsonb. Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and the IETF, Mobile Computing and Communications Review, Volume 2.
【5】 T. Li, B. Cole, P. Morton and D. Li. Cisco Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP). IETF RFC 2281, March 1998.
【6】 S. Knight, D. Weaver, D. Whipple, R. Hinden, D. Mitzel, P. Hunt, P. Higginson, M. Shand and A. Lindem. Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol, IETF RFC 2338, April 1998.
【7】 C. Rigney, S. Willens, A. Rubens and W. Simpson. Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS), IETF RFC 2138, June 2000.
【8】 C. Perkins. IP Encapsulation within IP, IETF RFC 2003, October 1996.
【9】 Douglas E. Comer. Internetworking With TCP/IP Vol ?: Principles, Protocols, and Architectures Fourth Edition. 林瑶, 蒋惠, 杜蔚轩等译. 电子工业出版社, 北京, 2001.
【10】 W. Richard Stevens. TCP/IP Illustrated Volume 1: The Protocols. 范建华, 胥光辉, 张涛等译. 机械工业出版社, 北京, 2000.
【11】 Christian Huitema. Routing in the Internet. 陶文星译. 清华大学出版社, 北京, 1998.
【12】 Josh Broch, David A. Maltz David B. Johnson, Yih-Chun Hu and Jorjeta Jetcheva. A Performance Comparison of Muti-Hop Wireless Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols, Proceedings of MobiCom'98, Dallas, TX, 1998.
【13】 Per Johansson, Tony Larsson, Nicklas Hedman, Bartosz Mielczarek and Mikael Degermark. Scenario-based Performance Analysis of Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad hoc Networks, Proceedings of MobiCom'99, Seattle WA, 1999.
Samir R. Das, Charles E. Perkins, and Elizabeth M. Royer. Performance comparison of two on-demand routing protocols for ad hoc networks, In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM), March 2000. Tel
【14】 Aviv, Israel.
【15】 Charles E. Perkins, Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer and Samir R. Das. Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing, Internet draft, IETF MANET Working Group, June 2002.
【16】 陈文革, 钟雪慧, 梁洁, 刘志华, 伍春华. 仿真技术及其应用, 广东省电信科学技术研究院研究院报, 第十九期, 2000.
【17】 梁洁, 刘志华, 彭巍, 黄娟, 陈文革. 网络仿真技术及其在163网广州POP节点建模中的应用, 广东省电信科学技术研究院, 网络仿真实验室.
【18】 Tony Larsson and Nicklas Hedman. Routing Protocols in Wireless Ad-hoc Networks - A Simulation Study, Master's thesis at Lulea University of Technology, 1998.
【19】 Lyes Guemari. An OPNET model implementation for Ad-hoc On demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol, Master's thesis at the Information Technology Laboratory Of the National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST), August 2001.
【20】 William Stallings. Local and Metropolitan Area Networks (Fifth Edition), 高传善, 高永勤, 王宗宁, 毛迪林译. 电子工业出版社, 北京, 1998.
【2】 S. Corson and J Macker. Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations, IETF RFC 2501, Jan. 1999.
【3】 Editors of IEEE802.11. Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications, first edition, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc, New York, August 1999.
【4】 Joseph P. Mackera and M. Scott Corsonb. Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and the IETF, Mobile Computing and Communications Review, Volume 2.
【5】 T. Li, B. Cole, P. Morton and D. Li. Cisco Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP). IETF RFC 2281, March 1998.
【6】 S. Knight, D. Weaver, D. Whipple, R. Hinden, D. Mitzel, P. Hunt, P. Higginson, M. Shand and A. Lindem. Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol, IETF RFC 2338, April 1998.
【7】 C. Rigney, S. Willens, A. Rubens and W. Simpson. Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS), IETF RFC 2138, June 2000.
【8】 C. Perkins. IP Encapsulation within IP, IETF RFC 2003, October 1996.
【9】 Douglas E. Comer. Internetworking With TCP/IP Vol ?: Principles, Protocols, and Architectures Fourth Edition. 林瑶, 蒋惠, 杜蔚轩等译. 电子工业出版社, 北京, 2001.
【10】 W. Richard Stevens. TCP/IP Illustrated Volume 1: The Protocols. 范建华, 胥光辉, 张涛等译. 机械工业出版社, 北京, 2000.
【11】 Christian Huitema. Routing in the Internet. 陶文星译. 清华大学出版社, 北京, 1998.
【12】 Josh Broch, David A. Maltz David B. Johnson, Yih-Chun Hu and Jorjeta Jetcheva. A Performance Comparison of Muti-Hop Wireless Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols, Proceedings of MobiCom'98, Dallas, TX, 1998.
【13】 Per Johansson, Tony Larsson, Nicklas Hedman, Bartosz Mielczarek and Mikael Degermark. Scenario-based Performance Analysis of Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad hoc Networks, Proceedings of MobiCom'99, Seattle WA, 1999.
Samir R. Das, Charles E. Perkins, and Elizabeth M. Royer. Performance comparison of two on-demand routing protocols for ad hoc networks, In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM), March 2000. Tel
【14】 Aviv, Israel.
【15】 Charles E. Perkins, Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer and Samir R. Das. Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing, Internet draft, IETF MANET Working Group, June 2002.
【16】 陈文革, 钟雪慧, 梁洁, 刘志华, 伍春华. 仿真技术及其应用, 广东省电信科学技术研究院研究院报, 第十九期, 2000.
【17】 梁洁, 刘志华, 彭巍, 黄娟, 陈文革. 网络仿真技术及其在163网广州POP节点建模中的应用, 广东省电信科学技术研究院, 网络仿真实验室.
【18】 Tony Larsson and Nicklas Hedman. Routing Protocols in Wireless Ad-hoc Networks - A Simulation Study, Master's thesis at Lulea University of Technology, 1998.
【19】 Lyes Guemari. An OPNET model implementation for Ad-hoc On demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol, Master's thesis at the Information Technology Laboratory Of the National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST), August 2001.
【20】 William Stallings. Local and Metropolitan Area Networks (Fifth Edition), 高传善, 高永勤, 王宗宁, 毛迪林译. 电子工业出版社, 北京, 1998.