基于嵌入式技术的多功能信息采集和传输装置的研究
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摘要
冷链物流用于保护易腐食品在运输和储藏过程中不受损耗,是食品安全体系中的关键环节,在我国建设资源节约、环境友好的可持续发展社会的大背景下,具有巨大的发展前景。本文针对冷链物流的国内外研究和发展现状,提出了一种远程监控系统的设计方案,并就其中的数据采集和传输部分展开了研究,结合无线传感网络技术和嵌入式技术研制出了一款多功能的信息采集和传输装置,作为远程监控系统的车载终端应用在冷链物流中。
本文经过调研,设计了远程监控系统的整体框架,并确定了监控的主要对象：冷藏温湿度和车辆位置,然后根据具体要求确定了以ZigBee技术和GPRS技术相结合的无线通信方案,完成了硬件平台的原理图设计,PCB电路图的设计和调试焊接的工作,最后进行了μC/OS-Ⅱ嵌入式操心系统的移植和相应驱动的开发,将车载终端的功能整理为应用程序中的五个任务并加以实现。
该车载终端主要实现了数据的采集、分析、储存和发送,命令的接收和执行,短信的处理等功能,并能进行显示和触摸控制。经过实际测试,测量的精度能够保证数据准确性的要求,各功能均表现完好无错误和缺陷,整个系统能够长时间稳定、可靠的工作,符合实际应用的要求,能够使用在冷链物流远程监控场合中。
同时,该装置的设计符合模块化的设计思想,具有很好的移植性和扩展性,多功能可以根据实际应用进行增删,硬件和软件的设计也可以很快的完成修改和调整,虽然在本文中是针对冷链物流具体应用进行的设计,但也可以通过相应的修改,向粮食烟草的储藏、精细农业、医疗监控等领域进行推广,为无线传感网络和远距离数据传输的应用探索提供了研究思路。
Cold chain logistics, which is mainly used in protecting the perishable food in transportation and storage, is a key part of China's food safety system, having a great significance for the construction of sustainable society. This paper puts forward a design of remote monitoring system under the current research situation of cold chain logistics, and the research is based on data collection and transmission, designs and implements a multifunctional data collection and transmission device which combines with embedded system and wireless communication technologies.
This paper raises a design of the entire frame work of remote monitoring system, sets the refrigerated temperature and humidity, and the position of the vehicle as the goal of real-time monitoring, using ZigBee and GPRS technology as the means of wireless communication, and finishes all the hardware and software designs including schematic circuit design, PCB design, welding and application program developing.
This device mainly realizes the following functions:collection, analysis, storage and sending of data, receiving and executing of orders and SMS processing. Key information can also be displayed on the screen and people can control it conveniently by touching screen. The final test indicates that the collected data can match the precision request and the device is reliable for long time work.
The whole designing process also fits the modular design concept, can be transferred and expanded easily, functions can be customized according to the applying field, and the hardware and software designing won't take long. Although this paper is mainly focus on the application of cold chain logistics, the device can also be taken to other applications such as grain agriculture, tobacco storage and medical field.
本文经过调研,设计了远程监控系统的整体框架,并确定了监控的主要对象：冷藏温湿度和车辆位置,然后根据具体要求确定了以ZigBee技术和GPRS技术相结合的无线通信方案,完成了硬件平台的原理图设计,PCB电路图的设计和调试焊接的工作,最后进行了μC/OS-Ⅱ嵌入式操心系统的移植和相应驱动的开发,将车载终端的功能整理为应用程序中的五个任务并加以实现。
该车载终端主要实现了数据的采集、分析、储存和发送,命令的接收和执行,短信的处理等功能,并能进行显示和触摸控制。经过实际测试,测量的精度能够保证数据准确性的要求,各功能均表现完好无错误和缺陷,整个系统能够长时间稳定、可靠的工作,符合实际应用的要求,能够使用在冷链物流远程监控场合中。
同时,该装置的设计符合模块化的设计思想,具有很好的移植性和扩展性,多功能可以根据实际应用进行增删,硬件和软件的设计也可以很快的完成修改和调整,虽然在本文中是针对冷链物流具体应用进行的设计,但也可以通过相应的修改,向粮食烟草的储藏、精细农业、医疗监控等领域进行推广,为无线传感网络和远距离数据传输的应用探索提供了研究思路。
Cold chain logistics, which is mainly used in protecting the perishable food in transportation and storage, is a key part of China's food safety system, having a great significance for the construction of sustainable society. This paper puts forward a design of remote monitoring system under the current research situation of cold chain logistics, and the research is based on data collection and transmission, designs and implements a multifunctional data collection and transmission device which combines with embedded system and wireless communication technologies.
This paper raises a design of the entire frame work of remote monitoring system, sets the refrigerated temperature and humidity, and the position of the vehicle as the goal of real-time monitoring, using ZigBee and GPRS technology as the means of wireless communication, and finishes all the hardware and software designs including schematic circuit design, PCB design, welding and application program developing.
This device mainly realizes the following functions:collection, analysis, storage and sending of data, receiving and executing of orders and SMS processing. Key information can also be displayed on the screen and people can control it conveniently by touching screen. The final test indicates that the collected data can match the precision request and the device is reliable for long time work.
The whole designing process also fits the modular design concept, can be transferred and expanded easily, functions can be customized according to the applying field, and the hardware and software designing won't take long. Although this paper is mainly focus on the application of cold chain logistics, the device can also be taken to other applications such as grain agriculture, tobacco storage and medical field.
引文
[1]郑风田,从食物安全体系到食品安全体系的调整——我国食物生产体系面临战略性转变,财经研究,2003
[2]杨玉梅,食品安全重于泰山——访吉林大学柳增善教授,吉林农业,2010
[3]胡天石,冷链物流发展问题研究[期刊论文], 《北京工商大学学报》,2010
[4]彭丽霞,我国冷链物流发展现状及对策研究,河北工程大学,2011
[5]张成,冷链物流：冷不冷,物流时代,2005
[6]徐琼,农产品冷链规划出炉物流业迎来新利好,物流时代,2010
[7]孙宁烨,基于精益思想的食品冷链物流研究,同济大学交通运输工程学院,2008
[8]RCG冷链物流解决方案,金卡工程,2007
[9]梁伟明,基于CC2430的ZigBee无线传感网络节点的设计,集成电路通讯,2011
[10]段桂英,浅析嵌入式系统,科技信息,2011
[11]王杰,基于STM32F103矿用高压隔爆开关综合保护系统的研究与开发,河北工业大学,2010
[12]张凤英,基于IEEE802.15.4无线粮食仓储测控系统的研究与应用,北京邮电大学,2010
[13]Datasheet for ATRF212 http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/proddocuments
[14]SIM900A Hardware Design
[15]Datasheet for NEO-5x
[16]韩坤,基于ARM和USB2.0的瞬变电磁数据采集系统的研究与设计,中南民族大学,2009
[17]Datasheet for STM32F103x
[18]郭姗,智能LED照明控制系统的设计与应用,浙江大学,2012
[19]李涛,基于STM32的GPRS远程监测终端设计,电子世界,2012
[20]李国彬,液晶显示器原理综述,经济技术协作信息,2007
[21]崔福胜,手机用TFT-LCD驱动芯片接口电路的研究与设计,液晶与显示,2007
[22]徐常志,嵌入式医学影像平台设计研究,西安电子科技大学,2009
[23]杨峰,基于S3C2440的GPS导航平台研制,陕西科技大学,2006
[24]时尧,HCS12X单片机的SD卡FAT文件系统读写设计,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2010
[25]郑红梅,新型比例控制放大器的研究,东北大学,2005
[26]Datasheet for LM2576[EB/OL] http://datasheet.eeworld.com.cn
[27]王明顺,基于LM2576的高可靠MCU电源设计,国外电子元器件,2004
[28]AS1117 Datasheet[EB/OL] http://datasheet.eeworld.com.cn
[29]MIC29302 Datasheet[EB/OL] http://datasheet.eeworld.com.cn
[30]刘霞,嵌入式系统应用现状及发展趋势,科技信息,2011
[31]胡菲菲,基于ARM与LINUX的GPS定位终端的研究,北方工业大学,2008
[32]孙顺远,μC/OS-Ⅱ在Cortex-M3内核上的移植及优化,计算机系统应用,2010
[33]甘典文,基于ZigBee/GPRS的无线粮情远程数据传输终端的研究与实现,北京邮电大学硕士论文,2011
[34]张新英,STM32上移植μC/OS-Ⅱ的研究,2010
[35]Jean J. Labrosse.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ.北京：北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.26-36.5
[36]尹里刚,基于消息通信机制嵌入式GUI的研究与实现,武汉工程大学,2009
[37]徐洪珍,终端式手机短信息服务系统的设计与实现,微计算机信息,2007
[38]SHTlx Humidity and Temperature Sensor Datasheet Sensirion 2005 http://www.sensirion.com
[2]杨玉梅,食品安全重于泰山——访吉林大学柳增善教授,吉林农业,2010
[3]胡天石,冷链物流发展问题研究[期刊论文], 《北京工商大学学报》,2010
[4]彭丽霞,我国冷链物流发展现状及对策研究,河北工程大学,2011
[5]张成,冷链物流：冷不冷,物流时代,2005
[6]徐琼,农产品冷链规划出炉物流业迎来新利好,物流时代,2010
[7]孙宁烨,基于精益思想的食品冷链物流研究,同济大学交通运输工程学院,2008
[8]RCG冷链物流解决方案,金卡工程,2007
[9]梁伟明,基于CC2430的ZigBee无线传感网络节点的设计,集成电路通讯,2011
[10]段桂英,浅析嵌入式系统,科技信息,2011
[11]王杰,基于STM32F103矿用高压隔爆开关综合保护系统的研究与开发,河北工业大学,2010
[12]张凤英,基于IEEE802.15.4无线粮食仓储测控系统的研究与应用,北京邮电大学,2010
[13]Datasheet for ATRF212 http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/proddocuments
[14]SIM900A Hardware Design
[15]Datasheet for NEO-5x
[16]韩坤,基于ARM和USB2.0的瞬变电磁数据采集系统的研究与设计,中南民族大学,2009
[17]Datasheet for STM32F103x
[18]郭姗,智能LED照明控制系统的设计与应用,浙江大学,2012
[19]李涛,基于STM32的GPRS远程监测终端设计,电子世界,2012
[20]李国彬,液晶显示器原理综述,经济技术协作信息,2007
[21]崔福胜,手机用TFT-LCD驱动芯片接口电路的研究与设计,液晶与显示,2007
[22]徐常志,嵌入式医学影像平台设计研究,西安电子科技大学,2009
[23]杨峰,基于S3C2440的GPS导航平台研制,陕西科技大学,2006
[24]时尧,HCS12X单片机的SD卡FAT文件系统读写设计,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2010
[25]郑红梅,新型比例控制放大器的研究,东北大学,2005
[26]Datasheet for LM2576[EB/OL] http://datasheet.eeworld.com.cn
[27]王明顺,基于LM2576的高可靠MCU电源设计,国外电子元器件,2004
[28]AS1117 Datasheet[EB/OL] http://datasheet.eeworld.com.cn
[29]MIC29302 Datasheet[EB/OL] http://datasheet.eeworld.com.cn
[30]刘霞,嵌入式系统应用现状及发展趋势,科技信息,2011
[31]胡菲菲,基于ARM与LINUX的GPS定位终端的研究,北方工业大学,2008
[32]孙顺远,μC/OS-Ⅱ在Cortex-M3内核上的移植及优化,计算机系统应用,2010
[33]甘典文,基于ZigBee/GPRS的无线粮情远程数据传输终端的研究与实现,北京邮电大学硕士论文,2011
[34]张新英,STM32上移植μC/OS-Ⅱ的研究,2010
[35]Jean J. Labrosse.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ.北京：北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.26-36.5
[36]尹里刚,基于消息通信机制嵌入式GUI的研究与实现,武汉工程大学,2009
[37]徐洪珍,终端式手机短信息服务系统的设计与实现,微计算机信息,2007
[38]SHTlx Humidity and Temperature Sensor Datasheet Sensirion 2005 http://www.sensirion.com