基于WPT技术的井下定位系统关键技术研究
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摘要
我国煤矿井下自动化监控系统种类多、数量大，但各个系统自成体系，互不兼容，造成了煤矿井下出现多套监控系统并存的局面，造成了资源的极大浪费。物联网技术的兴起和发展，为这些系统的整合提供了统一的网络平台，同时也为实现全矿井的无线覆盖、人员及设备的定位和感知提供了新的技术手段。作为感知矿山物联网系统的重要组成部分，井下无线定位系统担负着井下人员和设备的实时定位、环境感知、以及指导灾后搜救等重要任务，是保证煤矿安全生产的重要途径和手段。但无线定位节点一般采用电池供电，能量有限，特别是物联网定位系统中的无线节点，有时还要担负音频甚至视频信号的采集和传输，能量开销非常大。因此，能量的消耗是制约无线定位系统井下应用的主要因素。无线电能传输技术的发展，为井下无线设备的供能提供了新的思路。通过无线输能系统，可以保证井下无线节点的电量充足，不仅可以免去为数以千计无线节点更换电池的不变，还可以保证救灾时所有定位节点都具有充足的电量，完成遇险人员搜救的任务。
为了实现上述目标，本文提出了能够应用于矿山物联网的基于WPT技术的无线定位系统。本文将从五个方面对相关关键技术进行了阐述。首先，以感知矿山示范工程为研究背景，以夹河煤矿为例，分析国内现有井下无线定位系统的现状，找出其存在的问题及不足，提出并设计了一种可用于物联网的井下人员定位系统。其次，建立无线电磁波在工作面传输的信道模型，提出了工作面无线电波的传输定律(RTRWP Law)，并仿真分析了无线电磁波在工作面和巷道传播时的差异，进而为无线定位系统设计了两种应用于不同巷道环境的拓扑结构，此外，还给出了无线定位所需要的信号能量计算方法。第四，针对在两种不同应用环境的拓扑结构，提出了两种相应的定位算法，并进行了仿真，结果表明，改进的RSSI算法与经典的RSSI算法相比能够显著地减少误差。最后，也是最重要的部分，是为井下无线定位系统设计了电能的无线传输系统，为了将无线电能传输系统应用于煤矿井下，本文提出了交叠圆式发送结构，实验结果表明，交叠圆式谐振耦合式电能传输系统能
There are majority of incompatible monitoring systems in coal mine underground whichmakes tremendous waste of network resources. With the development of Internet of the Things(IOT), it provide a unified network platform to integrate such sytems and also provide thetechnology of wireless communication coverage, which makes the personnel and equipmentssensoring and locating realized easily in coal mine underground. As animportant part of coalmine monitoring system, Localization System based on IOT is responsible for realtime locatingand tracing of the personnel and equipments, for environment information awareness as well asfor the searching and rescuing the persons in distress, which is also an important guarantee tokeep coal mine safety production. However, the battery of wireless nodes are energy constrained,especially for the IOT wireless nodes, which will cost more energy when sometimestransmitting audio and vedio datas. Therefore, the application of Wireless Power Transmission(WPT) technology in coal mine will overcome such problems that will make sure that all thewireless nodes underground can keep enough energy, even the disaster occurred. In order toachieve the above goals, this paper provides a wireless localization system base on WPT whichcan be applicated to coal mine’s IOT.
This article is divided into five partsto research the related key technologies. First, weanalyze the existing wireless positioning system in coal mine underground to identify itsproblems and deficiencies, then propose and design a personnel positioning system for coalmine IOT system. Secondly, establish of radio waves transmission channel model in the coalface and propose Ray-Tracing based Radio Waves Propagation Law (RTRWP Law). Thensimulate of wireless radio wave propagation characteristics in the coal face and coal mine tunnel,and design two kinds of different topologies for different application environment of wirelesslocalization system. In addition, givethe calculation method of the signal energy required by thewireless localization system. Fourth, for the two kinds of topologysin different environmentsapplication, provide two type of positioning algorithm corresponding, and the simulation resultsshow that the improved RSSI algorithm is better than the classical RSSI algorithm in reducingthepositioning error. Finally, but the most important part of this paper, design the wireless powertransmission system underground wireless localization system. In order to apply the wirelesspower transmission system in the coal mine underground, this paper presents the theoverlapping circular structure, experimental and simulation results show that the resonantcoupling power transmission system overlapping circle structure is able to achieve more than 50%transfer efficiency, and more adaptable than the traditional singlecoil system inunderground power transmission.
为了实现上述目标，本文提出了能够应用于矿山物联网的基于WPT技术的无线定位系统。本文将从五个方面对相关关键技术进行了阐述。首先，以感知矿山示范工程为研究背景，以夹河煤矿为例，分析国内现有井下无线定位系统的现状，找出其存在的问题及不足，提出并设计了一种可用于物联网的井下人员定位系统。其次，建立无线电磁波在工作面传输的信道模型，提出了工作面无线电波的传输定律(RTRWP Law)，并仿真分析了无线电磁波在工作面和巷道传播时的差异，进而为无线定位系统设计了两种应用于不同巷道环境的拓扑结构，此外，还给出了无线定位所需要的信号能量计算方法。第四，针对在两种不同应用环境的拓扑结构，提出了两种相应的定位算法，并进行了仿真，结果表明，改进的RSSI算法与经典的RSSI算法相比能够显著地减少误差。最后，也是最重要的部分，是为井下无线定位系统设计了电能的无线传输系统，为了将无线电能传输系统应用于煤矿井下，本文提出了交叠圆式发送结构，实验结果表明，交叠圆式谐振耦合式电能传输系统能
There are majority of incompatible monitoring systems in coal mine underground whichmakes tremendous waste of network resources. With the development of Internet of the Things(IOT), it provide a unified network platform to integrate such sytems and also provide thetechnology of wireless communication coverage, which makes the personnel and equipmentssensoring and locating realized easily in coal mine underground. As animportant part of coalmine monitoring system, Localization System based on IOT is responsible for realtime locatingand tracing of the personnel and equipments, for environment information awareness as well asfor the searching and rescuing the persons in distress, which is also an important guarantee tokeep coal mine safety production. However, the battery of wireless nodes are energy constrained,especially for the IOT wireless nodes, which will cost more energy when sometimestransmitting audio and vedio datas. Therefore, the application of Wireless Power Transmission(WPT) technology in coal mine will overcome such problems that will make sure that all thewireless nodes underground can keep enough energy, even the disaster occurred. In order toachieve the above goals, this paper provides a wireless localization system base on WPT whichcan be applicated to coal mine’s IOT.
This article is divided into five partsto research the related key technologies. First, weanalyze the existing wireless positioning system in coal mine underground to identify itsproblems and deficiencies, then propose and design a personnel positioning system for coalmine IOT system. Secondly, establish of radio waves transmission channel model in the coalface and propose Ray-Tracing based Radio Waves Propagation Law (RTRWP Law). Thensimulate of wireless radio wave propagation characteristics in the coal face and coal mine tunnel,and design two kinds of different topologies for different application environment of wirelesslocalization system. In addition, givethe calculation method of the signal energy required by thewireless localization system. Fourth, for the two kinds of topologysin different environmentsapplication, provide two type of positioning algorithm corresponding, and the simulation resultsshow that the improved RSSI algorithm is better than the classical RSSI algorithm in reducingthepositioning error. Finally, but the most important part of this paper, design the wireless powertransmission system underground wireless localization system. In order to apply the wirelesspower transmission system in the coal mine underground, this paper presents the theoverlapping circular structure, experimental and simulation results show that the resonantcoupling power transmission system overlapping circle structure is able to achieve more than 50%transfer efficiency, and more adaptable than the traditional singlecoil system inunderground power transmission.
引文
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