无线分布式网络中基于能量的路由算法和MAC算法研究
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摘要
无线分布式网络作为近几年通信领域快速发展的技术，受到越来越多关注，它被认为是能改变未来无线通信模式的一项重要技术。无线分布式网络前身是Ad Hoc网络，起源于1972年美国国防部支持的分组无线网PRNET。与传统无线蜂窝网不同，无线分布式网络采用分布、自组织的思想来构建网络，打破原有蜂窝网分级的思想，让网络具有更强的灵活性和健壮性。经过多年发展，随着应用场景扩展，最初的PRNET已经演变成为三种类型：Ad Hoc网络、无线传感器网络和无线Mesh网络，这三种网络一起组成了现在的无线分布式网络。
对于无线网络来说，能量是一个重要关键问题。无线分布式网络不可能像蜂窝网中利用基站实现调度，通信过程中会消耗更多能量，因此在电池储能没有很大提升情况下，能量问题就尤为突出。能量问题在不同的无线分布式网络中有不同的表现，造成的影响也是不同的：对于Ad Hoc网络，能量问题主要集中在网络层；对于无线传感器网络，能量问题涉及网络各个部分；而对无线Mesh网络，则主要是如何延长用户终端的使用时间。
本论文研究了无线分布式网络中MAC层和网络层的一些理论和关键技术，主要工作为针对无线传感器网络和无线Mesh网络的基于能量的MAC算法和路由算法。本论文的主要工作涉及以下4个方面：
1．无线传感器网络中据聚合算法性能分析。无线传感器网络是能量严格受限的无线网络，它的各层协议都要根据这个要求进行相应的设计。数据聚合是无线传感器网络中一项很重要的技术，被认为是节省传感器节点能量消耗的重要手段。本文提出一种数学模型，利用数学推导分析数据聚合算法与路由算法之间关系以及网络节点密度与数据聚合算法之间关系，证明采用数据聚合算法可以有效减少路由过程中的能量消耗，进行数据聚合时要根据网络范围选择合适的节点密度以最大限度发挥数据聚合算法的性能。
2．提出一种新的基于簇状网络结构的能量有效数据路由算法。本文回顾了基于簇状网络结构的路由算法研究成果，提出一种新的基于簇状网
Recently, as a rapidly developing technology in communication, wireless distributed network is becoming hot research subjects. Wireless distributed network is considered as an important technology to change future communication pattern. The ancestor of wireless distributed network is Ad Hoc network. Ad Hoc network originated from PRNET, which is sponsored by Department of Defense of U.S.A. The biggest difference between traditional cellular network and wireless distributed network is that wireless distributed network uses the distributing and self-organizing idea to construct network. It breaks the hierarchical architecture of traditional cellular network, let wireless network to be more flexible and robust, improving the performance of wireless network. With the development, PRNET evolved three kinds' networks in different environment: Ad Hoc network, wireless sensor network and wireless mesh network. The three kind's networks form the current wireless distributed network.
Energy is hot problem in wireless network. Wireless distributed network has no base station as cellular network. Therefore, all equipments will consume much more energy in communication process. In this condition, the energy problem is a more serious challenge. Energy problem has different expression in different wireless distributed network. In Ad Hoc network, the energy problem is mainly in network layer; in wireless sensor network, the energy problem involves entire parts of it; in wireless mesh network, how to prolong the lifetime of equipment is more important.
Some theories and key techniques are discussed in this dissertation. The major researching field involved MAC algorithm and routing algorithm. The major works are following 4 aspects:
1. The performance analyze of data aggregation algorithm in wireless sensor network. Wireless sensor network is severely limited on energy; all
对于无线网络来说，能量是一个重要关键问题。无线分布式网络不可能像蜂窝网中利用基站实现调度，通信过程中会消耗更多能量，因此在电池储能没有很大提升情况下，能量问题就尤为突出。能量问题在不同的无线分布式网络中有不同的表现，造成的影响也是不同的：对于Ad Hoc网络，能量问题主要集中在网络层；对于无线传感器网络，能量问题涉及网络各个部分；而对无线Mesh网络，则主要是如何延长用户终端的使用时间。
本论文研究了无线分布式网络中MAC层和网络层的一些理论和关键技术，主要工作为针对无线传感器网络和无线Mesh网络的基于能量的MAC算法和路由算法。本论文的主要工作涉及以下4个方面：
1．无线传感器网络中据聚合算法性能分析。无线传感器网络是能量严格受限的无线网络，它的各层协议都要根据这个要求进行相应的设计。数据聚合是无线传感器网络中一项很重要的技术，被认为是节省传感器节点能量消耗的重要手段。本文提出一种数学模型，利用数学推导分析数据聚合算法与路由算法之间关系以及网络节点密度与数据聚合算法之间关系，证明采用数据聚合算法可以有效减少路由过程中的能量消耗，进行数据聚合时要根据网络范围选择合适的节点密度以最大限度发挥数据聚合算法的性能。
2．提出一种新的基于簇状网络结构的能量有效数据路由算法。本文回顾了基于簇状网络结构的路由算法研究成果，提出一种新的基于簇状网
Recently, as a rapidly developing technology in communication, wireless distributed network is becoming hot research subjects. Wireless distributed network is considered as an important technology to change future communication pattern. The ancestor of wireless distributed network is Ad Hoc network. Ad Hoc network originated from PRNET, which is sponsored by Department of Defense of U.S.A. The biggest difference between traditional cellular network and wireless distributed network is that wireless distributed network uses the distributing and self-organizing idea to construct network. It breaks the hierarchical architecture of traditional cellular network, let wireless network to be more flexible and robust, improving the performance of wireless network. With the development, PRNET evolved three kinds' networks in different environment: Ad Hoc network, wireless sensor network and wireless mesh network. The three kind's networks form the current wireless distributed network.
Energy is hot problem in wireless network. Wireless distributed network has no base station as cellular network. Therefore, all equipments will consume much more energy in communication process. In this condition, the energy problem is a more serious challenge. Energy problem has different expression in different wireless distributed network. In Ad Hoc network, the energy problem is mainly in network layer; in wireless sensor network, the energy problem involves entire parts of it; in wireless mesh network, how to prolong the lifetime of equipment is more important.
Some theories and key techniques are discussed in this dissertation. The major researching field involved MAC algorithm and routing algorithm. The major works are following 4 aspects:
1. The performance analyze of data aggregation algorithm in wireless sensor network. Wireless sensor network is severely limited on energy; all
引文
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