分布式煤矿井下人员、设备安全管理系统无线通讯设备的研究
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摘要
目前煤矿安全生产工作还存在许多问题,事故频发,特别是重特大安全事故没有得到有效遏制,形势依然十分严峻。我们认为,建立以灾害预防、事故救助、电子信息化管理为主要目标的信息化和智能化建设势在必行。
国内现有的系统只在井下的各个坑道和所有人员可能经过的通道中安放若干个监控分站,只能监测到某一区域的下井人员,达不到全程跟踪或是准确定位的功能,还经常发生漏读误判情况。
本系统采用分布式二级架构有线、无线混合网络方式,安装在井下各个位置的井下分站与地面通讯接口之间采用RS485有线通讯方式进行数据交换,以每个井下综合分站为中心,采用ZIGBEE技术,读卡器及标识卡形成一个小范围无线智能网络。
本课题主要是研究该系统的无线通讯设备—读卡器和标识卡,系统的读卡器可以以低成本方式覆盖井下任意地方,实现对煤矿井下人员的较精确的定位。当紧急状态时读卡器可设置为移动式搜救器工作方式,为救援人员提供实时的附近人员的位置及方位信息。
所以说,本项目可以有效的解决国内现有系统存在的问题,可以为煤矿提供稳定可靠的煤矿井下人员管理及搜救系统,实现信号的全矿井覆盖,发生事故时能快速准确地进行人员搜救。
At present, coal mine safety production also has many problems, and the accident frequently happens, especially the extraordinarily serious security accident has not been under effective control, the situation remains grim .We all hold the opinion that it is both inevitable and necessary for us to establish an information-based and intellectualized program used on protection against disasters accident salvation for the key goal.
The domestic existing system only can install certain monitoring substation in mine saps or in the common channels that all the people pass. So it only can keep watch on the mine worker in a certain area, but cannot achieve the function of all-the-way tracking and locate exactly, even more, leaking of reading and miscarriage of justice occurs frequently.
This system uses the wire and wireless mixed network with architecture of two levels distribution, installed in each position of the underground substation and between the ground communication interfaces using the RS485 wire communication method to exchange the data. Taking every synthetic substation as the center, using ZIGBEE technology, the card reader and the identification card, we finally can form a small scope wireless intelligence network.
The key of this article is studying the wireless communication equipment of this system-the card reader and the identification card, the card reader can cover random place of the mine shaft with a low cost, realize the coal mine worker's precise localization. When emergency happens, the card reader can set as the mobile working type for searching and rescuing, providing the position and azimuth information of the people nearby for the rescue group immediately.
So this project may effectively solve the present problem of the domestic existing system, provide the stable and reliable management, the system of searching and rescuing for the workers in the coal mine, and also achieve full coverage of the signal in the coal mine. Once the accident happens, we can carry on search and rescue accurately as fast as we can.
国内现有的系统只在井下的各个坑道和所有人员可能经过的通道中安放若干个监控分站,只能监测到某一区域的下井人员,达不到全程跟踪或是准确定位的功能,还经常发生漏读误判情况。
本系统采用分布式二级架构有线、无线混合网络方式,安装在井下各个位置的井下分站与地面通讯接口之间采用RS485有线通讯方式进行数据交换,以每个井下综合分站为中心,采用ZIGBEE技术,读卡器及标识卡形成一个小范围无线智能网络。
本课题主要是研究该系统的无线通讯设备—读卡器和标识卡,系统的读卡器可以以低成本方式覆盖井下任意地方,实现对煤矿井下人员的较精确的定位。当紧急状态时读卡器可设置为移动式搜救器工作方式,为救援人员提供实时的附近人员的位置及方位信息。
所以说,本项目可以有效的解决国内现有系统存在的问题,可以为煤矿提供稳定可靠的煤矿井下人员管理及搜救系统,实现信号的全矿井覆盖,发生事故时能快速准确地进行人员搜救。
At present, coal mine safety production also has many problems, and the accident frequently happens, especially the extraordinarily serious security accident has not been under effective control, the situation remains grim .We all hold the opinion that it is both inevitable and necessary for us to establish an information-based and intellectualized program used on protection against disasters accident salvation for the key goal.
The domestic existing system only can install certain monitoring substation in mine saps or in the common channels that all the people pass. So it only can keep watch on the mine worker in a certain area, but cannot achieve the function of all-the-way tracking and locate exactly, even more, leaking of reading and miscarriage of justice occurs frequently.
This system uses the wire and wireless mixed network with architecture of two levels distribution, installed in each position of the underground substation and between the ground communication interfaces using the RS485 wire communication method to exchange the data. Taking every synthetic substation as the center, using ZIGBEE technology, the card reader and the identification card, we finally can form a small scope wireless intelligence network.
The key of this article is studying the wireless communication equipment of this system-the card reader and the identification card, the card reader can cover random place of the mine shaft with a low cost, realize the coal mine worker's precise localization. When emergency happens, the card reader can set as the mobile working type for searching and rescuing, providing the position and azimuth information of the people nearby for the rescue group immediately.
So this project may effectively solve the present problem of the domestic existing system, provide the stable and reliable management, the system of searching and rescuing for the workers in the coal mine, and also achieve full coverage of the signal in the coal mine. Once the accident happens, we can carry on search and rescue accurately as fast as we can.
引文
[1]胡华平,金士尧,分布式系统的可信性研究[J].计算机工程与科学,1998,34(6):14-18..
[2]邓文浪,邓文波,分布式测控系统中PC机与单片机远程通信的设计及实现[J].工业仪表自动化装置,2001,(06):25-28
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[4]张申,隧道无线电射线传输规律的研究[J].电波科学学报,2002,12(02):35-40.
[5]chipcon,CC2430芯片数据手册,2005.12
[6]翟雷等,ZigBee技术及应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社 2007.9(3):45-50.
[7]刘昵科,盛翊智,谭三,无线多路数据采集系统的实现[J].电信快报,2002,24(7):4-8
[8]李刚,刘志田,王春田,无线系统天线简介及干扰抑制[J].石油仪器,2002,2(5):2-7
[9]陈文学,煤矿重大事故风险监控与应急救援方法体系研究[J].山东科技大学2005,9(3):45-50..
[10]李波.,基于RFID的货场物流自动调配系统关键技术的研究[J].武汉理工大学,2003,9(32):37-41.
[11]IEEE 802.15.4标准及其应用[EB/01],http://info.ec.sinobnet.com,2003-08-18.
[12]毛楠,孙瑛,电子电路抗干扰实用技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1996
[13]肖雳,无线局域网标准简介[EB/01].,http://industry.Icxo.com 2002-10-18.
[14]莫付江,阮江军,陈允平,浪涌抑制与电磁兼容[J],电网技术,2003,34(5):65-70.
[15]钟馨,浅谈高频设计中的电磁兼容问题[J],湖南电力,2006,32(2):33-37.
[16]吴立新,论21世纪的矿山——数字矿山[J],煤炭学报,2000,14(4):337-341.
[17]段海新,杨家海,吴建平,基于WEB和数据库的网络管理系统的设计和实现[J].软件学报,2000,11(4):468-472.
[18]Peng Z,Nether D D,An Internet-Based Gis Data System.Journal of Urban and Regional Systems[J],1997,36(1).:578-585
[19]Li C,Bree D,Developing Internet-Based User Interfaces for Improving Spatial Data Acess and Usability[J],Third Internetional Conference/Workshop on Integrating GIS and Environmental Modeling CD-ROM,1996,25(7):48-72.
[20]金纯等.ZigBee与蓝牙的分析与比较[J].信息技术与标准化,2004.14(6):17-20
[21]Microchip推出完整ZigBee平台支持多种射频收发器[J].微控制器及嵌入式系统应用,2005,16(3):55-60.
[22]王锐华,于全,浅析ZigBee技术[J].电视技术,2004.12(6):33-35
[23]蔡型,张思全,短距离无线通信技术综述[J].现代电子技术,2004.23(3):65-76
[24]王权平,王莉,ZigBee技术简析[J].通讯世界,2003.15(4):41-43
[25]刘志寒,煤矿安全实时监测与控制信息系统的实现[J].工矿自动化,2004.12(6):63-65
[2]邓文浪,邓文波,分布式测控系统中PC机与单片机远程通信的设计及实现[J].工业仪表自动化装置,2001,(06):25-28
[3]王胜坤,矿井无线通信系统探讨[J].电信科学,1998,23(3):.5-9
[4]张申,隧道无线电射线传输规律的研究[J].电波科学学报,2002,12(02):35-40.
[5]chipcon,CC2430芯片数据手册,2005.12
[6]翟雷等,ZigBee技术及应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社 2007.9(3):45-50.
[7]刘昵科,盛翊智,谭三,无线多路数据采集系统的实现[J].电信快报,2002,24(7):4-8
[8]李刚,刘志田,王春田,无线系统天线简介及干扰抑制[J].石油仪器,2002,2(5):2-7
[9]陈文学,煤矿重大事故风险监控与应急救援方法体系研究[J].山东科技大学2005,9(3):45-50..
[10]李波.,基于RFID的货场物流自动调配系统关键技术的研究[J].武汉理工大学,2003,9(32):37-41.
[11]IEEE 802.15.4标准及其应用[EB/01],http://info.ec.sinobnet.com,2003-08-18.
[12]毛楠,孙瑛,电子电路抗干扰实用技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1996
[13]肖雳,无线局域网标准简介[EB/01].,http://industry.Icxo.com 2002-10-18.
[14]莫付江,阮江军,陈允平,浪涌抑制与电磁兼容[J],电网技术,2003,34(5):65-70.
[15]钟馨,浅谈高频设计中的电磁兼容问题[J],湖南电力,2006,32(2):33-37.
[16]吴立新,论21世纪的矿山——数字矿山[J],煤炭学报,2000,14(4):337-341.
[17]段海新,杨家海,吴建平,基于WEB和数据库的网络管理系统的设计和实现[J].软件学报,2000,11(4):468-472.
[18]Peng Z,Nether D D,An Internet-Based Gis Data System.Journal of Urban and Regional Systems[J],1997,36(1).:578-585
[19]Li C,Bree D,Developing Internet-Based User Interfaces for Improving Spatial Data Acess and Usability[J],Third Internetional Conference/Workshop on Integrating GIS and Environmental Modeling CD-ROM,1996,25(7):48-72.
[20]金纯等.ZigBee与蓝牙的分析与比较[J].信息技术与标准化,2004.14(6):17-20
[21]Microchip推出完整ZigBee平台支持多种射频收发器[J].微控制器及嵌入式系统应用,2005,16(3):55-60.
[22]王锐华,于全,浅析ZigBee技术[J].电视技术,2004.12(6):33-35
[23]蔡型,张思全,短距离无线通信技术综述[J].现代电子技术,2004.23(3):65-76
[24]王权平,王莉,ZigBee技术简析[J].通讯世界,2003.15(4):41-43
[25]刘志寒,煤矿安全实时监测与控制信息系统的实现[J].工矿自动化,2004.12(6):63-65