基于机动车自动化路考系统的车载通信系统研究与开发
|
摘要
研究机动车自动化路考系统对于减少考试过程中的人为因素、提高道路考试评判的准确性、客观性和公正性，以及从根本上杜绝交通安全隐患的产生等方面都具有重要的意义。本文对机动车自动化路考系统中的车载通信系统进行了研究，该系统是应用自动车辆定位技术、计算机技术和现代通信技术的高科技综合系统。目前可以使用的定位技术非常多，包括GPS，DR和无线电定位，它们各有优缺点;通信方式也是同样，目前可以选用的通信方式有:无线电集群通信、GSM通信、中国移动的GPRS和中国联通的CDMA。选用什么样的定位技术和通信技术以及如何把这些技术实际应用到车载通信系统中是本论文主要研究的内容。在定位方式选取上，根据车载通信系统的实际特性分析了各种定位方式的精度和适用范围以及使用成本，采用了多个GPS设计了嵌入式车载定位系统以提高精度;在通信方式的选取上，主要根据车载通信系统的“实时性要求高，数据量比较小”的特点选取了GPRS(General Paeket Radio Serviee)通用无线分组服务方式作为本系统的主要通信方式，采用工业级GPRS模块设计了无线数据通信系统;通过每个模块上的标准异步串口可使各模块互相通信或各自与上位PC机通信，从而实现车辆的定位、无线通信等功能。文中详细描述了本系统的设计思想及其特点、车载设备各组成部分的构成和功能，并对硬件和软件的具体实现给予了深入探讨。最后对系统测试结果进行了处理和分析并给出了系统的总结与展望。
To study Automobile Driver Road Tests System plays an important role in reducing test process in human factor, enhancing the accuracy, the objectivity and the fairness in tests process, as well as ceases traffic danger aspects. This paper is aimed at Vehicle communication System of Automobile Driver Road Tests System. The system is the application automatic vehicles localization technology, the computer technology and the modern communication high tech system ensemble. At present may use the localization technology are extremely many, including GPS, DR and the radiolocation, they respectively has the characteristic; The communication way also is same, at present may select the communication way includes: The radio colony communication, the GSM communication, China Mobile GPRS and China Unicorn's CDMA. How selects any type the localization technology and the communication technology as well as in these technology practical application Vehicle communication System is the present paper main research content. In positioning aspect, has analyzed each kind of locate mode precision and the applicable scope as well as the use cost according to the communication objective parameter, the embedded vehicle positioning system is designed by using signal chip and multiple GPS receiver. In communication aspect, mainly "timeliness requests high according to the vehicle communication System vehicles monitoring and the dispatch system, the data quantity quite is small" the characteristic selected GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) the general wireless grouping service way to take this system the main communication way and wireless dada communication system is designed by using industrial GPRS . Every model mentioned above can communicate each other or with PC through UART to realize positioning, wireless communication etc. This paper describes the structures and functions of the vehicle device component and discusses the realization of concrete hardware and software in detail. At last this paper processes the experiment results and gives the conclusion and prospects.
To study Automobile Driver Road Tests System plays an important role in reducing test process in human factor, enhancing the accuracy, the objectivity and the fairness in tests process, as well as ceases traffic danger aspects. This paper is aimed at Vehicle communication System of Automobile Driver Road Tests System. The system is the application automatic vehicles localization technology, the computer technology and the modern communication high tech system ensemble. At present may use the localization technology are extremely many, including GPS, DR and the radiolocation, they respectively has the characteristic; The communication way also is same, at present may select the communication way includes: The radio colony communication, the GSM communication, China Mobile GPRS and China Unicorn's CDMA. How selects any type the localization technology and the communication technology as well as in these technology practical application Vehicle communication System is the present paper main research content. In positioning aspect, has analyzed each kind of locate mode precision and the applicable scope as well as the use cost according to the communication objective parameter, the embedded vehicle positioning system is designed by using signal chip and multiple GPS receiver. In communication aspect, mainly "timeliness requests high according to the vehicle communication System vehicles monitoring and the dispatch system, the data quantity quite is small" the characteristic selected GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) the general wireless grouping service way to take this system the main communication way and wireless dada communication system is designed by using industrial GPRS . Every model mentioned above can communicate each other or with PC through UART to realize positioning, wireless communication etc. This paper describes the structures and functions of the vehicle device component and discusses the realization of concrete hardware and software in detail. At last this paper processes the experiment results and gives the conclusion and prospects.
引文
[1] 陈家瑜. 基于GIS_GPS_GPRS的车辆监控系统的研究及实践.硕士学位论文[D].福建:福州大学,2004
[2] 郑平方,张其善,李先亮.车辆 GPS/DR/GIS 组合导航定位系统[J].电子技术,1994, (4):32-34
[3] 张其善等.智能车辆定位导航系统及其应用[M],北京:科学出版社,2000, 27-57,103-179, 293-265
[4] 李天文.GPS 原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版利,2003
[5] 龚建伟.GPS 的基本原理.、通讯码制及定位应用 http://.gissky.net/2004113/netres/gpsposition.pdf
[6] 周儒欣.前景广阔的卫星导航应用市场.http://www. navchina.com/gps/w27.asp
[7] 邱善勤,龚耀寰.移动通信定位技术之比较[J].电子科技大学学报,2003, 32 (6):598-603.
[8] 徐啸涛,李金燕.移动定位技术及其应用[J].现代通信,2003, (3) :17-18
[9] 唐毅,杨博雄.移动定位的基本原理及技术研究[J].电信工程技术和标准,2002, (2):58-62
[10] 禹帆.无线通讯网络概论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[11] 中国移动通信 2004 年市场行业分析报告. http://marketing.icxo.com/htmlnews/2004/06/14/245888.htm
[12] 储钟折.现代通信新技术(第二版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社 2004.
[13] GARMIN Corporation, GPS-25LVS Technical Specification, 2000.
[14] Alounani A T, Birdwell J D. Linear Dara Fusion. Proeedings of the Eighteenth Southeastern Symposium Theory. IEEE Computer Society, 1988:246-249
[15] 刘和平等.TMS320LF240X DSP 结构、原理及应用,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002.4
[16] 顾克晖等,GPS/GSM 车辆定位技术及其应用,技术专论。
[17] Dr.Wolfgang, Schulz, Extension of a Personal In-car Information Centre by Navigation and Cellular Communication,1996. [ 18] 周允等,智能汽车及智能汽车运输系统发展综述,陕西汽车,1999 年第 1 期.
[19] Thomas D.C.Little,Integrating GPS Receivers into Consumer Mobile Electronics, IEEE Multimedia, 1999.
[20] 李天文等,GPS 原理及应用,科学出版社,2003.9
[21] 刘大杰等,全球定位系统(GPS)的原理与数据处理,同济大学出版社,1996.8
[22] [美]R.J.(Bud)Bates 著,朱洪波等译,通用分组无限业务(GPRS)技术与应用,人民邮电出版社,2004.2
[23] 胡汉才编著,单片机原理及其接口技术,清华大学出版社,2001.1
[24] 金湘力,浅谈无线通信技术 GPRS 技术,电力系统通信,2004 年第 8 期,ppl-2
[25] 美 Kenneth D.Reed 著,3Com 公司译,TCP/IP 基础,电子工业出版社,2002.1。
[26] 胡伍生等,GPS 测量原理及其应用,人民交通出版社,2002.10
[27] 谭浩强著,C 程序设计(第二版),清华大学出版社,1999.12
[28] 周浩敏等,测试信号处理技术,北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.9
[29] 黄书伟等,印制电路板的可靠性设计,国防工业出版社,2004.6
[30] D.J.Chadwick, Applications of the Global Positioning System to Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems,ppl31-139,1993.
[31] 刘瑞华,刘建业,基于 DGPS 的车辆定位系统研究,测控技术,2001 年第 20 卷第 2期,pp7~9
[32] MOTOROLA Corporation ,g20 AT Commands Data Sheet, 2001.
[33] MOTOROLA Corporation ,g20 Cellular Engine Module Description,2001.
[34] FUJISU Corporation, MBM29F016A Data Sheet, 1998.
[35] 杨梅,GPS-GPRS 定位系统车载终端的应用设计与实现,电讯技术,2004 年第 3期,pp106~130
[36] 孙洪拓,王长青,冯继东,美国 GPS 系统抗干扰技术的现状与发展,光电技术应用,2004年第 19 卷第 3 期,pp57-63
[37] 陈树人,张文革,张际先,基于 GPS 技术的定位测量精度试验研究,江西农业大学学报,第 26 卷第 3 期 pp461-464
[38] 吴丽萍,张东生,GPS 测量中若干误差的削弱,黑龙江交通科技,2004 年第 2 期,pp19-20
[39] 夏定辉,高成发,车载 GPS 监控调度系统的开发与应用,公路交通科技,2004 年第 21卷第 6 期,pp9-12
[40] TI 公司,TMS320LF2407A Databook,2002.
[41] TI 公司,TPS7333Q Databook,1999.
[42] FUJITSU Company. MBM29LV650 DataBook.
[43] MAXIM Company. MAX706 DataBook.
[44] MAXIM Company. MAX318L DataBook.
[45] Cypress Company. CY7C1021V33 DataBook.
[46] 孙涵芳等,MCS-51/96 系列单片机原理及应用,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1996
[47] 王福瑞等,单片微机测控系统设计大全,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1994
[48] 查明华,基于 GPRS 业务的定位信息传输系统,电子设计应用,2003 年第 1 期,pp30-32
[49] 韩冰,李芬华,GPRS 技术在数据采集与监控系统中的应用,电子技术,2003 年第 8期,pp26-29
[2] 郑平方,张其善,李先亮.车辆 GPS/DR/GIS 组合导航定位系统[J].电子技术,1994, (4):32-34
[3] 张其善等.智能车辆定位导航系统及其应用[M],北京:科学出版社,2000, 27-57,103-179, 293-265
[4] 李天文.GPS 原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版利,2003
[5] 龚建伟.GPS 的基本原理.、通讯码制及定位应用 http://.gissky.net/2004113/netres/gpsposition.pdf
[6] 周儒欣.前景广阔的卫星导航应用市场.http://www. navchina.com/gps/w27.asp
[7] 邱善勤,龚耀寰.移动通信定位技术之比较[J].电子科技大学学报,2003, 32 (6):598-603.
[8] 徐啸涛,李金燕.移动定位技术及其应用[J].现代通信,2003, (3) :17-18
[9] 唐毅,杨博雄.移动定位的基本原理及技术研究[J].电信工程技术和标准,2002, (2):58-62
[10] 禹帆.无线通讯网络概论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[11] 中国移动通信 2004 年市场行业分析报告. http://marketing.icxo.com/htmlnews/2004/06/14/245888.htm
[12] 储钟折.现代通信新技术(第二版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社 2004.
[13] GARMIN Corporation, GPS-25LVS Technical Specification, 2000.
[14] Alounani A T, Birdwell J D. Linear Dara Fusion. Proeedings of the Eighteenth Southeastern Symposium Theory. IEEE Computer Society, 1988:246-249
[15] 刘和平等.TMS320LF240X DSP 结构、原理及应用,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002.4
[16] 顾克晖等,GPS/GSM 车辆定位技术及其应用,技术专论。
[17] Dr.Wolfgang, Schulz, Extension of a Personal In-car Information Centre by Navigation and Cellular Communication,1996. [ 18] 周允等,智能汽车及智能汽车运输系统发展综述,陕西汽车,1999 年第 1 期.
[19] Thomas D.C.Little,Integrating GPS Receivers into Consumer Mobile Electronics, IEEE Multimedia, 1999.
[20] 李天文等,GPS 原理及应用,科学出版社,2003.9
[21] 刘大杰等,全球定位系统(GPS)的原理与数据处理,同济大学出版社,1996.8
[22] [美]R.J.(Bud)Bates 著,朱洪波等译,通用分组无限业务(GPRS)技术与应用,人民邮电出版社,2004.2
[23] 胡汉才编著,单片机原理及其接口技术,清华大学出版社,2001.1
[24] 金湘力,浅谈无线通信技术 GPRS 技术,电力系统通信,2004 年第 8 期,ppl-2
[25] 美 Kenneth D.Reed 著,3Com 公司译,TCP/IP 基础,电子工业出版社,2002.1。
[26] 胡伍生等,GPS 测量原理及其应用,人民交通出版社,2002.10
[27] 谭浩强著,C 程序设计(第二版),清华大学出版社,1999.12
[28] 周浩敏等,测试信号处理技术,北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.9
[29] 黄书伟等,印制电路板的可靠性设计,国防工业出版社,2004.6
[30] D.J.Chadwick, Applications of the Global Positioning System to Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems,ppl31-139,1993.
[31] 刘瑞华,刘建业,基于 DGPS 的车辆定位系统研究,测控技术,2001 年第 20 卷第 2期,pp7~9
[32] MOTOROLA Corporation ,g20 AT Commands Data Sheet, 2001.
[33] MOTOROLA Corporation ,g20 Cellular Engine Module Description,2001.
[34] FUJISU Corporation, MBM29F016A Data Sheet, 1998.
[35] 杨梅,GPS-GPRS 定位系统车载终端的应用设计与实现,电讯技术,2004 年第 3期,pp106~130
[36] 孙洪拓,王长青,冯继东,美国 GPS 系统抗干扰技术的现状与发展,光电技术应用,2004年第 19 卷第 3 期,pp57-63
[37] 陈树人,张文革,张际先,基于 GPS 技术的定位测量精度试验研究,江西农业大学学报,第 26 卷第 3 期 pp461-464
[38] 吴丽萍,张东生,GPS 测量中若干误差的削弱,黑龙江交通科技,2004 年第 2 期,pp19-20
[39] 夏定辉,高成发,车载 GPS 监控调度系统的开发与应用,公路交通科技,2004 年第 21卷第 6 期,pp9-12
[40] TI 公司,TMS320LF2407A Databook,2002.
[41] TI 公司,TPS7333Q Databook,1999.
[42] FUJITSU Company. MBM29LV650 DataBook.
[43] MAXIM Company. MAX706 DataBook.
[44] MAXIM Company. MAX318L DataBook.
[45] Cypress Company. CY7C1021V33 DataBook.
[46] 孙涵芳等,MCS-51/96 系列单片机原理及应用,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1996
[47] 王福瑞等,单片微机测控系统设计大全,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1994
[48] 查明华,基于 GPRS 业务的定位信息传输系统,电子设计应用,2003 年第 1 期,pp30-32
[49] 韩冰,李芬华,GPRS 技术在数据采集与监控系统中的应用,电子技术,2003 年第 8期,pp26-29