无轴承开关磁阻电机实验平台的开发与研制
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摘要
随着工业技术的发展，用电设备对拖动电机的要求不断提高，磁悬浮技术的运用使高速和超高速电机现已广泛应用于空间技术、密封泵、离心机和高速飞轮储能等领域。利用磁悬浮轴承和开关磁阻电机定子结构的相似性，将两者集成化所构成的新型电机—无轴承开关磁阻电机对于减少装置体积重量，提高设备性能有重要意义。
本文在消化和吸收国外的研究成果基础上，论述了无轴承开关磁阻电机的工作原理，并对电机的数学模型进行了详细的推导和分析。在此基础上，设计了无轴承开关磁阻电机系统的主绕组功率变换器和悬浮绕组功率变换器、滞环电路、驱动隔离电路、PID调节电路、辅助电源和面板控制系统等，并完成了全部硬件部分的制作和调试，为后续的系统调试打下了基础。
With the development of industrial technology, high speed and super high speed drives have found wide application in space technology, canned pump and high speed flywheel storage system, etc. The Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor, which combines the switched reluctance motor and magnetic bearings, will possibly reduce the volume as well as improve the performance of the driving systems.
The principle of radial force generation was described and the mathematic model of the Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor was derived in this thesis. Then, converters used in the Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor system were discussed. Because the current in main winding was unidirectional, dual-switch converter was chosen as the main winding converter. In the case of the radial force windings, which demand
bidirectional current, half-bridge converter was chosen. Both converters were designed and manufactured. Moreover, assistant circuits (including the driving circuit, the safeguard circuit, the hysteresis current circuit, the PID circuit, the assistant power supply) and the control panel system were designed, and the principles of operation of these circuits was introduced in detail. At last, all hardware circuits were debugged. The test waveforms were shown.
本文在消化和吸收国外的研究成果基础上，论述了无轴承开关磁阻电机的工作原理，并对电机的数学模型进行了详细的推导和分析。在此基础上，设计了无轴承开关磁阻电机系统的主绕组功率变换器和悬浮绕组功率变换器、滞环电路、驱动隔离电路、PID调节电路、辅助电源和面板控制系统等，并完成了全部硬件部分的制作和调试，为后续的系统调试打下了基础。
With the development of industrial technology, high speed and super high speed drives have found wide application in space technology, canned pump and high speed flywheel storage system, etc. The Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor, which combines the switched reluctance motor and magnetic bearings, will possibly reduce the volume as well as improve the performance of the driving systems.
The principle of radial force generation was described and the mathematic model of the Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor was derived in this thesis. Then, converters used in the Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor system were discussed. Because the current in main winding was unidirectional, dual-switch converter was chosen as the main winding converter. In the case of the radial force windings, which demand
bidirectional current, half-bridge converter was chosen. Both converters were designed and manufactured. Moreover, assistant circuits (including the driving circuit, the safeguard circuit, the hysteresis current circuit, the PID circuit, the assistant power supply) and the control panel system were designed, and the principles of operation of these circuits was introduced in detail. At last, all hardware circuits were debugged. The test waveforms were shown.
引文
[1] R.Bosch. Development of a bearingless motor. In: Proc.Int.Conf.Electric.Machines(ICEM'88), 1988, 3:373-375.
[2] J.Bichsel. The bearingless eledtrical machine. In: Proc.Int.Symp.Magn.Suspension.Technol.NASA Langley Res.Center, Hampton. 1991,561-573.
[3] A.Chiba, T.Deido, T.Fukao and M.A.Rahman. An analysis of bearingless AC motors. IEEE Trans.on Energy Conversion. 1994, 9(1):61—68.
[4] R.Schob, J.Bichsel. Vector control of the bearingless motor.In:Proc.4th Int. Sym. Magnetic Bearings, ETH Zurich,1994:327—332.
[5] A.Chiba, D.T.Power and M.A.Rahman. Characteristics of a bearingless induction motor. IEEE Trans. Magnetics, 1991,27(6):5199-5201.
[6] A.Chiba, R.Furuichi, Y.Aikawa, K.Shimada, Y.Takamoto and T.Fukao. Stable operation of induction-type bearingless motors under loaded conditions. IEEE Trans. Industry Application, 1997, 33(4):919-924.
[7] K.Shimada, M.Takemoto, A.Chiba and T.Fukao. A stable rotation in switched reluctance type bearingless motors. IEEE Technical Meeting on Linear Drive,LD, 1997:97-116
[8] T.Higuchi, H.Kawakatsu, and T.Iwasawa, "A study on magnetic suspension of switched reluctance motor", IEE of Japan, Annual Meeting Record 684, pp.(6-122)-(6-123),1989(in Japanese).
[9] M.Takemoto, K. Shimada, A. Chiba, "A Design and Characteristics of Switched Reluctance Type Bearingless Motors," in Proc. 4th Int. Symp. Magnetic Suspension Technology, vol.NASA/CP-1998-207654, May 1998, pp.49-63
[10] M. Takemoto, A. Chiba, and T. Fukao, "A New Control Method of Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motors Using Square-wave Currents", Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, CD-ROM, January, 2000
[11] M. Takemoto, A. Chiba, T. Fukao, "A Method of Determining Advanced Angle of Square-wave Currents in Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motors" IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol.37, NO.6 2001, pp. 1702-1709
[12] 邓智泉，严仰光，无轴承交流电动机的基本理论和研究现状．，电工技术学报，2000，15(2)：29-35．
[13] 刘迪吉等，开关磁阻调速电动机，机械工业出版社，1994．8
[14] 陆玉军，无轴承异步电动机系统仿真及轴向磁轴承控制研究，硕士学位论文，
南京航空航天大学，2002．3
[15] 刘迪吉，航空电机学，航空工业出版社，1992
[16] 丁道宏，电力电子技术，航空工业出版社，1999．
[17] 陈伯时，电力拖动自动控制系统，机械工业出版社，1997．
[18] 童诗白，模拟电子技术基础．，高等教育出版社，1987．
[19] 胡寿松，自动控制原理，国防工业出版社，1994．
[20] 离线式开关电源IC手册，香港科汇(亚太)有限公司盈丰分部，1998～1999
[21] 张占松，蔡宣三，开关电源的原理与设计，电子工业出版社，1998
[22] 刘喜甫，刘志忠，TOPSwitch-Ⅱ在稳压电源中的应用，电源技术应用，2001
[23] 王英剑，何希才等，新型开关电源实用技术，电子工业出版社，1999
[24] 史平君，实用电源技术手册——电源元器件分册，辽宁科学技术出版社，1999
[25] 王宏华，开关磁阻电动机调速控制技术，机械工业出版社，1994．10
[26] 康华光，电子技术基础(模拟部分)，高等教育出版社，1979．3
[27] 窦建中，汪立森，PIC系列单片机应用设计与实例，北京航空航天大学出版社，1999．8
[28] 蔡纯洁，邢武，PIC16／17单片机原理和应用，中国科学技术大学出版社，1997．4
[29] 王欣平，单相逆变器并联运行技术研究，硕士学位论文，南京航空航天大学，2000．3
[30] 陈敏，9KVA组合式三相逆变器的研制，硕士学位论文，南京航空航天大学，2002．3
[31] 朱震莲，现代交流调速系统，西北工业大学出版社，1994．
[32] 陈坚，交流电机数学模型及调速系统，国防工业出版社，1989．
[33] 陶永华，尹怡欣，葛芦生，新型PID控制及其应用，机械工业出版社，2000．
[34] 阮新波，严仰光，直流开关电源的软开关技术，科学出版社，2000．
[35] 李爱文，张承慧，现代逆变技术及应用，科学出版社，2000．
[36] 黄凤英，DSP原理与应用，东南大学出版社，1997．
[37] 刘和平，严利平，张学锋，卓清锋，TMS320LF240x DSP结构、原理及应用，北京航空航天大学出版社，2002．
[2] J.Bichsel. The bearingless eledtrical machine. In: Proc.Int.Symp.Magn.Suspension.Technol.NASA Langley Res.Center, Hampton. 1991,561-573.
[3] A.Chiba, T.Deido, T.Fukao and M.A.Rahman. An analysis of bearingless AC motors. IEEE Trans.on Energy Conversion. 1994, 9(1):61—68.
[4] R.Schob, J.Bichsel. Vector control of the bearingless motor.In:Proc.4th Int. Sym. Magnetic Bearings, ETH Zurich,1994:327—332.
[5] A.Chiba, D.T.Power and M.A.Rahman. Characteristics of a bearingless induction motor. IEEE Trans. Magnetics, 1991,27(6):5199-5201.
[6] A.Chiba, R.Furuichi, Y.Aikawa, K.Shimada, Y.Takamoto and T.Fukao. Stable operation of induction-type bearingless motors under loaded conditions. IEEE Trans. Industry Application, 1997, 33(4):919-924.
[7] K.Shimada, M.Takemoto, A.Chiba and T.Fukao. A stable rotation in switched reluctance type bearingless motors. IEEE Technical Meeting on Linear Drive,LD, 1997:97-116
[8] T.Higuchi, H.Kawakatsu, and T.Iwasawa, "A study on magnetic suspension of switched reluctance motor", IEE of Japan, Annual Meeting Record 684, pp.(6-122)-(6-123),1989(in Japanese).
[9] M.Takemoto, K. Shimada, A. Chiba, "A Design and Characteristics of Switched Reluctance Type Bearingless Motors," in Proc. 4th Int. Symp. Magnetic Suspension Technology, vol.NASA/CP-1998-207654, May 1998, pp.49-63
[10] M. Takemoto, A. Chiba, and T. Fukao, "A New Control Method of Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motors Using Square-wave Currents", Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, CD-ROM, January, 2000
[11] M. Takemoto, A. Chiba, T. Fukao, "A Method of Determining Advanced Angle of Square-wave Currents in Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motors" IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol.37, NO.6 2001, pp. 1702-1709
[12] 邓智泉，严仰光，无轴承交流电动机的基本理论和研究现状．，电工技术学报，2000，15(2)：29-35．
[13] 刘迪吉等，开关磁阻调速电动机，机械工业出版社，1994．8
[14] 陆玉军，无轴承异步电动机系统仿真及轴向磁轴承控制研究，硕士学位论文，
南京航空航天大学，2002．3
[15] 刘迪吉，航空电机学，航空工业出版社，1992
[16] 丁道宏，电力电子技术，航空工业出版社，1999．
[17] 陈伯时，电力拖动自动控制系统，机械工业出版社，1997．
[18] 童诗白，模拟电子技术基础．，高等教育出版社，1987．
[19] 胡寿松，自动控制原理，国防工业出版社，1994．
[20] 离线式开关电源IC手册，香港科汇(亚太)有限公司盈丰分部，1998～1999
[21] 张占松，蔡宣三，开关电源的原理与设计，电子工业出版社，1998
[22] 刘喜甫，刘志忠，TOPSwitch-Ⅱ在稳压电源中的应用，电源技术应用，2001
[23] 王英剑，何希才等，新型开关电源实用技术，电子工业出版社，1999
[24] 史平君，实用电源技术手册——电源元器件分册，辽宁科学技术出版社，1999
[25] 王宏华，开关磁阻电动机调速控制技术，机械工业出版社，1994．10
[26] 康华光，电子技术基础(模拟部分)，高等教育出版社，1979．3
[27] 窦建中，汪立森，PIC系列单片机应用设计与实例，北京航空航天大学出版社，1999．8
[28] 蔡纯洁，邢武，PIC16／17单片机原理和应用，中国科学技术大学出版社，1997．4
[29] 王欣平，单相逆变器并联运行技术研究，硕士学位论文，南京航空航天大学，2000．3
[30] 陈敏，9KVA组合式三相逆变器的研制，硕士学位论文，南京航空航天大学，2002．3
[31] 朱震莲，现代交流调速系统，西北工业大学出版社，1994．
[32] 陈坚，交流电机数学模型及调速系统，国防工业出版社，1989．
[33] 陶永华，尹怡欣，葛芦生，新型PID控制及其应用，机械工业出版社，2000．
[34] 阮新波，严仰光，直流开关电源的软开关技术，科学出版社，2000．
[35] 李爱文，张承慧，现代逆变技术及应用，科学出版社，2000．
[36] 黄凤英，DSP原理与应用，东南大学出版社，1997．
[37] 刘和平，严利平，张学锋，卓清锋，TMS320LF240x DSP结构、原理及应用，北京航空航天大学出版社，2002．