地铁大断面连拱隧道施工期围岩监测及数值模拟研究
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摘要
随着城市规模的扩大,城市交通拥堵成为各大城市面临的重大问题之一。地下铁道工程作为城市轨道交通的重要组成部分,具有运量大,污染小,不影响地面交通等优点,受到了城市决策者的青睐。哈尔滨地铁哈南站站～农科院站区间四连拱段属于大断面浅埋土质隧道,采用双侧壁+中导坑法进行施工,论文以此工程为背景,对不同施工阶段围岩变形情况进行监测及数值模拟分析。
论文首先利用ANSYS11.0软件对该工程的施工过程进行二维有限元分析,采用Durcker-Prager屈服准则,研究双侧壁+中导坑法施工的不同阶段围岩的变形规律,得出在施工过程中围岩和支护结构的稳定性和受力状态。研究发现在四连拱隧道的左侧和右侧隧洞以及中导洞施工过程中产生了大约80%的位移;在隧道的拱顶及拱脚部位是围岩应力集中区域,最有可能在此发生破坏;四连拱上下行线及中导洞拱顶部分区域的σ1出现拉应力的现象,但随着计算的进行,拉应力逐渐消失,受力状态改善。
其次,对XK1+450断面实施监控量测,并对监测结果进行整理分析。通过对地表沉降、拱顶沉降和净空收敛监测数据的分析与判断,发现围岩变形主要出现在距掌子面一倍洞径范围内,一到三倍洞径变化速率减小,三倍洞径以后趋于稳定。
最后,通过对有限元分析结果和监测数据结果的对比,对四联拱隧道围岩变形规律进行了总结。
With the expansion of city size, urban traffic congestion become one of the major problems faced in major cities. As an important part of traffic, the underground railway project, with big traffic, low pollution, does not affect to the ground transportation, etc., is accepted by the city decision-makers of all ages. Super section multi-arch tunnel of Harbin Subway, between Hananzhan station and Nongkeyuan station, are large shallow soil tunnel with double-wall + construction tunnel construction method. On this background, this paper does research on the conduct monitoring and numerical simulation of wall rock with various stages.
Firstly, this paper studies the deformation of two-dimensional finite element analysis process by the use of ANSYS11.0 software with Durcker-Prager yield criterion. This paper studies the deformation of double wall and in the heading construction method at different stages and concludes the stability and stress state of the support structure and wall rock during construction. Study found that the left and right tunnel and the heading construction process in four-arch tunnel had about 80% of the displacement; the tunnel vault and the arch part of it is stress concentration surrounding area, most likely in this damage occurred; the left and right tunnel and the pilot tunnel of four-arch tunnel vault tensile stressσ1 phenomenon occurs, but as the calculation progresses, the tensile stress gradually disappear, the stress state improve.
Secondly, the implementation of XK1 +450 Monitoring Section, and the results analyzed. By surface subsidence, vault settlement and convergence monitoring data analysis and judgments, found that rock deformation occurred mainly from the tunnel face one time of the tunnel diameter, in the range of one to three times the tunnel diameter change rate decreases, three times the Diameter later stabilized.
Finally, compared with the finite element analysis results and monitoring data, the four-arch tunnel deformation law is summarized.
论文首先利用ANSYS11.0软件对该工程的施工过程进行二维有限元分析,采用Durcker-Prager屈服准则,研究双侧壁+中导坑法施工的不同阶段围岩的变形规律,得出在施工过程中围岩和支护结构的稳定性和受力状态。研究发现在四连拱隧道的左侧和右侧隧洞以及中导洞施工过程中产生了大约80%的位移;在隧道的拱顶及拱脚部位是围岩应力集中区域,最有可能在此发生破坏;四连拱上下行线及中导洞拱顶部分区域的σ1出现拉应力的现象,但随着计算的进行,拉应力逐渐消失,受力状态改善。
其次,对XK1+450断面实施监控量测,并对监测结果进行整理分析。通过对地表沉降、拱顶沉降和净空收敛监测数据的分析与判断,发现围岩变形主要出现在距掌子面一倍洞径范围内,一到三倍洞径变化速率减小,三倍洞径以后趋于稳定。
最后,通过对有限元分析结果和监测数据结果的对比,对四联拱隧道围岩变形规律进行了总结。
With the expansion of city size, urban traffic congestion become one of the major problems faced in major cities. As an important part of traffic, the underground railway project, with big traffic, low pollution, does not affect to the ground transportation, etc., is accepted by the city decision-makers of all ages. Super section multi-arch tunnel of Harbin Subway, between Hananzhan station and Nongkeyuan station, are large shallow soil tunnel with double-wall + construction tunnel construction method. On this background, this paper does research on the conduct monitoring and numerical simulation of wall rock with various stages.
Firstly, this paper studies the deformation of two-dimensional finite element analysis process by the use of ANSYS11.0 software with Durcker-Prager yield criterion. This paper studies the deformation of double wall and in the heading construction method at different stages and concludes the stability and stress state of the support structure and wall rock during construction. Study found that the left and right tunnel and the heading construction process in four-arch tunnel had about 80% of the displacement; the tunnel vault and the arch part of it is stress concentration surrounding area, most likely in this damage occurred; the left and right tunnel and the pilot tunnel of four-arch tunnel vault tensile stressσ1 phenomenon occurs, but as the calculation progresses, the tensile stress gradually disappear, the stress state improve.
Secondly, the implementation of XK1 +450 Monitoring Section, and the results analyzed. By surface subsidence, vault settlement and convergence monitoring data analysis and judgments, found that rock deformation occurred mainly from the tunnel face one time of the tunnel diameter, in the range of one to three times the tunnel diameter change rate decreases, three times the Diameter later stabilized.
Finally, compared with the finite element analysis results and monitoring data, the four-arch tunnel deformation law is summarized.
引文
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[2]本刊编辑部,.足印——新中国成立60周年经济发展轨迹(1980～1989)[J].改革,2009,(5).
[3]本刊编辑部,.北京地铁40年回顾与展望[J].现代城市轨道交通,2010,(1).
[4]冯立光,张伟,张好智,.关于中国城市低碳交通系统建设的思考[J].公路与汽运,2011,(1).
[5]隧道网.软弱围岩中修建山岭铁路大跨隧道的设计和施工探讨[EB/OL].隧道网, 2006-6-21.
[6]李强,王明年,李玉文.双跨连拱隧道两种中墙的空间力学效应分析[J].岩土力学,2006,(4).
[7]刘苗.黄土地区浅埋暗挖三连拱地铁隧道结构受力体系转换及特征研究[D].西安:长安大学, 2010.
[8]王亚琼,谢永利,.连拱隧道在我国的发展与研究[J].公路,2008,(6).
[9]申玉生.大跨度隧道洞口段围岩稳定性研究[J].学术动态, 2008, (01): 37-38.
[10] Amir Hossein Alavi, Amir Hossein Gandomi. A robust data mining approach for formulation of geotechnical engineering systems [J]. Engineering Computations, 2011, 28(3)
[11] Rankin W J. Ground movement resulting from urban tunnelling: predictions and effects. Bell eds. Engineering Geology of Underground Movements [J]. Annual Conf of the Eng., 1988,(23).
[12] Barry M. New , M. P. O’Reilly , Tunneling induced ground movements : predicting the magnitude and effects [J]. International Conference onGround Movements and Structures , 1992, (4).
[13] E. Robert Bewick. Underground railways/tunnelling and the effects on buildings [J]. Structural Survey, 1992, 10(1).
[14]成词峰,陈建平,.地铁隧道穿越浅基础建筑的沉降预测及应用[J].铁道建筑,2011,(3).
[15]许有俊,李文博,王枫,.新建地铁车站上穿既有地铁隧道结构上浮变形预测65 [J].铁道建筑,2011,(3).
[16]杨天亮,严学新,王寒梅,詹龙喜,.地铁隧道盾构施工引起的工程性地面沉降研究[J].上海地质,2010,(S1).
[17]赵刚.双连拱隧道模型试验研究[D].西南交通大学: ,2005.
[18]吴顺川,潘旦光,高永涛,.深埋圆形巷道围岩和衬砌相互作用解析解[J].工程力学,2011,(3).
[19]姚志飞.季节性寒区大断面浅埋土质隧道施工期位移特性研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2009.
[20]陈秋南张永兴刘新荣等.连拱隧道的设计理论与动态施工力学研究[J].地下空间与工程学报, 2005, 1(1): 156-160.
[21]钱七虎.中国城市地下空间开发利用的现状评价和前景展望[C]. //民防苑。上海市地下空间综合管理学术论文集. 2006: 1-5.
[22] GB50307-1999.地下铁道、轻轨交通岩土工程勘察规范[S].北京:中华人民共和国建设部, 1999.
[23] GB50021-2001.岩土工程勘察规范[S].北京:中华人民共和国建设部, 2001
[24]孔庆晓.哈尔滨市轨道交通一期工程哈尔滨南站站～农科院站区间岩土工程勘察报告(详细勘察阶段) [R].沈阳:中冶沈勘工程技术有限公司, 2008.
[25]李围.隧道及地下工程ANSYS实例分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社, 2008: 2.
[26]王亚军,王峰,李约翰.有限元分析系统在结构计算中的比较及展望[J].基建优化,2003,(4).
[27]唐治,潘一山,阎海鹏,李忠华,李国臻,李野,.基于ANSYS的二维地应力场分析[J].科学技术与工程,2010,(28).
[28]肖颖,许模,.浅谈FLAC～(3D)、ANSYS建模特点及其应用[J].甘肃水利水电技术,2011,(2).
[29] Stankiewicz, A.; Pamin, J. Simulation of instabilities in non-softening Drucker-Prager plasticity [J]. Computer Assisted Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, 2001, 8(1): 183-204
[30]刘金龙栾茂田许成顺等. Drucker-Prager准则参数特性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2006, 25(增2): 4009-4015
[31]张学言.岩土塑性力学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1993.
[32]李俊鹏.开挖过程中隧洞围岩应力释放规律的数值研究[D].西安:西安理工大学, 2007.
[33]张照亮,.隧道施工方法数值模拟分析[J].铁道建筑技术,2010,(S2).
[34]余凡杨林德.连拱隧道的荷载及简化计算[J].地下空间与工程学报, 2006, 2(5): 770-774.
[35]徐干成.地下工程支护结构[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社, 2002: 152-153.
[36]朱永全宋玉香.隧道工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社, 2007: 220.
[37]王立新.岩土工程监测数据统计分析方法应用技术[J].公路运输文摘,2004,(7).
[38]海胜,.暗挖地铁车站初期支护施工监控量测系统分析[J].山西建筑,2007,(16).
[39]刘彤.双连拱隧道施工过程有限元分析[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2003.
[40]杨小军.铁路隧道围岩变形特征及稳定性判据研究[D].西安:长安大学, 2010.
[2]本刊编辑部,.足印——新中国成立60周年经济发展轨迹(1980～1989)[J].改革,2009,(5).
[3]本刊编辑部,.北京地铁40年回顾与展望[J].现代城市轨道交通,2010,(1).
[4]冯立光,张伟,张好智,.关于中国城市低碳交通系统建设的思考[J].公路与汽运,2011,(1).
[5]隧道网.软弱围岩中修建山岭铁路大跨隧道的设计和施工探讨[EB/OL].隧道网, 2006-6-21.
[6]李强,王明年,李玉文.双跨连拱隧道两种中墙的空间力学效应分析[J].岩土力学,2006,(4).
[7]刘苗.黄土地区浅埋暗挖三连拱地铁隧道结构受力体系转换及特征研究[D].西安:长安大学, 2010.
[8]王亚琼,谢永利,.连拱隧道在我国的发展与研究[J].公路,2008,(6).
[9]申玉生.大跨度隧道洞口段围岩稳定性研究[J].学术动态, 2008, (01): 37-38.
[10] Amir Hossein Alavi, Amir Hossein Gandomi. A robust data mining approach for formulation of geotechnical engineering systems [J]. Engineering Computations, 2011, 28(3)
[11] Rankin W J. Ground movement resulting from urban tunnelling: predictions and effects. Bell eds. Engineering Geology of Underground Movements [J]. Annual Conf of the Eng., 1988,(23).
[12] Barry M. New , M. P. O’Reilly , Tunneling induced ground movements : predicting the magnitude and effects [J]. International Conference onGround Movements and Structures , 1992, (4).
[13] E. Robert Bewick. Underground railways/tunnelling and the effects on buildings [J]. Structural Survey, 1992, 10(1).
[14]成词峰,陈建平,.地铁隧道穿越浅基础建筑的沉降预测及应用[J].铁道建筑,2011,(3).
[15]许有俊,李文博,王枫,.新建地铁车站上穿既有地铁隧道结构上浮变形预测65 [J].铁道建筑,2011,(3).
[16]杨天亮,严学新,王寒梅,詹龙喜,.地铁隧道盾构施工引起的工程性地面沉降研究[J].上海地质,2010,(S1).
[17]赵刚.双连拱隧道模型试验研究[D].西南交通大学: ,2005.
[18]吴顺川,潘旦光,高永涛,.深埋圆形巷道围岩和衬砌相互作用解析解[J].工程力学,2011,(3).
[19]姚志飞.季节性寒区大断面浅埋土质隧道施工期位移特性研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2009.
[20]陈秋南张永兴刘新荣等.连拱隧道的设计理论与动态施工力学研究[J].地下空间与工程学报, 2005, 1(1): 156-160.
[21]钱七虎.中国城市地下空间开发利用的现状评价和前景展望[C]. //民防苑。上海市地下空间综合管理学术论文集. 2006: 1-5.
[22] GB50307-1999.地下铁道、轻轨交通岩土工程勘察规范[S].北京:中华人民共和国建设部, 1999.
[23] GB50021-2001.岩土工程勘察规范[S].北京:中华人民共和国建设部, 2001
[24]孔庆晓.哈尔滨市轨道交通一期工程哈尔滨南站站～农科院站区间岩土工程勘察报告(详细勘察阶段) [R].沈阳:中冶沈勘工程技术有限公司, 2008.
[25]李围.隧道及地下工程ANSYS实例分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社, 2008: 2.
[26]王亚军,王峰,李约翰.有限元分析系统在结构计算中的比较及展望[J].基建优化,2003,(4).
[27]唐治,潘一山,阎海鹏,李忠华,李国臻,李野,.基于ANSYS的二维地应力场分析[J].科学技术与工程,2010,(28).
[28]肖颖,许模,.浅谈FLAC～(3D)、ANSYS建模特点及其应用[J].甘肃水利水电技术,2011,(2).
[29] Stankiewicz, A.; Pamin, J. Simulation of instabilities in non-softening Drucker-Prager plasticity [J]. Computer Assisted Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, 2001, 8(1): 183-204
[30]刘金龙栾茂田许成顺等. Drucker-Prager准则参数特性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2006, 25(增2): 4009-4015
[31]张学言.岩土塑性力学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1993.
[32]李俊鹏.开挖过程中隧洞围岩应力释放规律的数值研究[D].西安:西安理工大学, 2007.
[33]张照亮,.隧道施工方法数值模拟分析[J].铁道建筑技术,2010,(S2).
[34]余凡杨林德.连拱隧道的荷载及简化计算[J].地下空间与工程学报, 2006, 2(5): 770-774.
[35]徐干成.地下工程支护结构[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社, 2002: 152-153.
[36]朱永全宋玉香.隧道工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社, 2007: 220.
[37]王立新.岩土工程监测数据统计分析方法应用技术[J].公路运输文摘,2004,(7).
[38]海胜,.暗挖地铁车站初期支护施工监控量测系统分析[J].山西建筑,2007,(16).
[39]刘彤.双连拱隧道施工过程有限元分析[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2003.
[40]杨小军.铁路隧道围岩变形特征及稳定性判据研究[D].西安:长安大学, 2010.