菜豆和辣椒对干旱胁迫的生理反应
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摘要
本文研究了干旱胁迫对菜豆(Phaseolus vulgar L.)和辣椒(Capsicum annum L.)两种蔬菜的幼苗生长、气孔开放率、渗透调节能力(脯氨酸及还原糖含量)以及活性氧代谢的影响。结果表明：在干旱胁迫下，两种材料幼苗的地上部鲜重，地下部鲜重，地上部干重，地下部干重的增长表现出对土壤湿度的一定适应范围。气孔开放率随着土壤含水量的降低而降低，且菜豆气孔对干旱逆境敏感性大于辣椒；可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量均表现为上升的趋势，说明干旱胁迫可以诱导菜豆和辣椒两种蔬菜积累渗透调节物质，提高自身保水能力。在干旱胁迫初期，超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)呈上升趋势，但在土壤含水量极低的情况下则表现为下降趋势。在干旱胁迫下，土壤含水量与菜豆和辣椒幼苗体内的脯氨酸含量及还原糖含量呈明显负相关。
The effects of water stress on seedling growth, stoma reaction, osmotic adjustment( the content of proline and soluble sugar) and SOD active in Kidney bean and Capsicum were studied. The results showed that the fresh weight and dry weight of seedling had adaptive capacity to soil humidity. With the water stress, stoma open rate declined, and the stoma of Kidney bean was more susceptible than the Capsicum's. The content of proline and soluble sugar increased , SOD active was high at initial water stress stage and low at end stage. In water stress, the soil humidity significantly negative correlated with the content of proline and soluble sugar.
The effects of water stress on seedling growth, stoma reaction, osmotic adjustment( the content of proline and soluble sugar) and SOD active in Kidney bean and Capsicum were studied. The results showed that the fresh weight and dry weight of seedling had adaptive capacity to soil humidity. With the water stress, stoma open rate declined, and the stoma of Kidney bean was more susceptible than the Capsicum's. The content of proline and soluble sugar increased , SOD active was high at initial water stress stage and low at end stage. In water stress, the soil humidity significantly negative correlated with the content of proline and soluble sugar.
引文
1 徐世昌．玉米旱害机制及抗旱应变措施的研究[D]，沈阳农业大学博士生论文，1993，6
2 王宝山．生物自由基与生物膜伤害[J]，植物生理学通讯，1988(2)：12～16
3 陈少裕．膜质过氧化与植物逆境的伤害[J]，植物学通报，1989，6(4)：211～217
4 徐世昌．土壤干旱后玉米叶细胞膜过氧化和膜磷脂脱脂化反应以及膜超微结构的变化[J]，作物学报，1994，20(5)：564～569
5 Amdt SK,Clifford SC,Wanek W,Jones HG.Popp M.Physiological and morphological adaptations of the fruit tree Ziziphus rotundifolia in response to progressive drought stress, Tree Physiol 2001 Jul;21(11):705-15
6 刘祖祺，张石城．植物抗性生理学[M]．北京：中国农业出版社，1994
7 K.A.Shachel et al. Genotypic differences in leaf osmostic potential among grain sorghum cultivars grown under irrigation and drought[J].Crop Sci.,1982,22:1121～1125
8 Singh T N,Aspinall D,Palag LG.Proline accumulation and varietal adaptability to drought in bafley:A potential metabolic meature of drought resistance[J].Nature New boil,1972,236:188～190.
9 Hanson A D. Nelsen C F. Everson E.H. Evaluation of free proline accumulation in barley cultivars[J].Crop Sci.1977,17:720～726
10 任文伟，钱吉，郑师章．不同地理种群在聚乙烯二醇胁迫下含水量和游离脯氨酸含量的比较[J]．生态学报，2000，20(2)：349～352．
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19 刘祖祺，张石城．植物抗旱生理学[M]．北京：中国农业出版社，1994
20 K.A.Shachel et al. Genotypic differences in leaf osmostic potential among grain sorghum cultivars grown under irrigation and drought[J].Crop Sci.,1982,22:1121～1125
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23 周瑞莲，王刚．水分胁迫下豌豆保护酶活力变化用脯氨酸积累在其抗旱中的作用．草原学报，1997(12)：39-43
24 张美云，钱吉，郑师章．渗透胁迫下野生大豆游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖的变化，复旦学报，2001，40(5)：558～561．
25 Tabaeizadeh Z. Drought-induced responses in plant cell. Int Rev Cytol, Int Rew Cytol 1998;182:193～247
26 Inaki Iturbe-ormaetxe et al. Oxidative damage in pea plant expose to water dificit or paraquart[J].Plant Physiol. 1998,116:173～181
27 王邦锡，郭绍川，张学明．渗透胁迫引起的膜损伤与膜脂过氧化和某些自由基的关系[J]．中国科学(B辑)，1992，21(4)：364-368．
28 王建华，刘鸿先，徐同．超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)在植物逆境和衰老生理中的作用[J]．植物生理学通讯，1990，(1)1-7
29 孙彩霞，沈秀英，郝建军．玉米果穗性状和生理生化指标与抗旱性的相关分析[J]．沈阳农业大学学报，1998，29(3)：291～296
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32 Davenport TL,Morgan PW,Jordan WR. Preduction of auxin transport capacity with age and intential water deficit in cotton petiolee[J].Plant physiol,1980,65:1023～1026
33 Blackman Pg, Davies WJ.Cytokinins.abscisic acid and the control of plant water balance[J].Acta Hort,1985,171:255～261
34 Liang J,zhong J,wong MH. Can stomatal closure caused by xylem ABA explain the inhibition of leaf photosynthesis under soil drying? [J]. Photosyn Res,1997,51:149～159
35 李岩，潘海春，李德全．土壤干旱条件下玉米内源激素含量及光合作用的变化[J]植物生理学报，2000，26(4)：301～305
36 檀建新，史吉平，贾荣革．渗透胁迫对玉米幼苗内源ABA，乙烯和多胺影响．中国生理学会第三届植物生理工作者学会会议论文摘要，1994，129
37 Zeige. E.,Moody,W,et. al,, Light sensitive embrane potentials in onion guard cell[J],Nature,1977,270:270～271
38 Schauf, C.L. and Wilson,K.J.Effects of abscisic acid on k~+ channels invicia taba guard cell protoplast, Biochem[J]. Biophys. Res. Corm,1987,145:285～290
39 Lopez-Carbonell M,Alegre L,Van Dncklen H A.Changges in cell ultrastructure and endogenous absdsic and
indole-3-acetic acid concentrations in Fatsic japonica leaves under polyethylene glycolinduced water stress [J].PlantGrowth Regul,1994b,15:165～174
40 Pastor A,Lopez-Carbonell M, Alegre L abscisic acid inmunolocalization and ultrastructure changes in water-stressed lamender(Lavandula stoechas L)plant[J].Physiol Plant,1999,105:257～279
41 Altman A,Friedman R.Polyamine effects and metabolism in plants under stress conditions[J].1982,184:483～494
42 宋凤斌，戴俊英，李海燕．外源多胺与玉米耐旱性[J]．玉米科学，1995，3(3)：44～46
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44 Maria Pla et al. Reduction of the absoisic acid responsive gene tab 28 in maize viviparous mutants[J]. Mol Gen Gennet.,1991,230:394～400
45 Smirnoff, Plant resistance to environmental stress, Curr Opin Biotechnol 1998 Apr 1;9
46 D.le Rudulier,A.R.Strom,A.M.Dandekar. molecular Biology of Osmoregulation. Science,1984,224:1064～1068
47 Urao T. Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K.,Urao S. An Arabidopsis mybhomolog is induced by dehydration stress and it gene product binds to the conserved MYB recongtion sequnce. Plant cell,1993,5:1528～1539
48 Stokinger E.J.,Gimour S.J.,Thomashow M.F.Arabidopsis thalaina CBF1 encodes an AP2 domain-containing transcription activator that binds to the C-repeat/DRE,a cis-acting DNA regulatory element that stimulates transcription in response to low-temperature and water deficit. Proc Natl Acad. Sci. USA,1997,94:1035～1040
49 Liu Q.,Saukuma Yabe H.,Kausuga M.,Miura S.Two transcription factors. DREB1 and DREB2, with ERERP/AP2 DNA binding domain,separate two cellular signals transduation pathsway in drought and low temperature-responsive genes expression. respectively,in Arabidopsia. Plant Cell,1998,10:1391～146
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59 K.A.Shachel et al. Genotypic differences in leaf osmostic potential among grain sorghum cultivars grown under irrigation and drought[J].Crop Sci.,1982,22:1121～1125
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63 王宝山．中国植物生理学会第四次全国会议论文摘汇编[C]，1986
2 王宝山．生物自由基与生物膜伤害[J]，植物生理学通讯，1988(2)：12～16
3 陈少裕．膜质过氧化与植物逆境的伤害[J]，植物学通报，1989，6(4)：211～217
4 徐世昌．土壤干旱后玉米叶细胞膜过氧化和膜磷脂脱脂化反应以及膜超微结构的变化[J]，作物学报，1994，20(5)：564～569
5 Amdt SK,Clifford SC,Wanek W,Jones HG.Popp M.Physiological and morphological adaptations of the fruit tree Ziziphus rotundifolia in response to progressive drought stress, Tree Physiol 2001 Jul;21(11):705-15
6 刘祖祺，张石城．植物抗性生理学[M]．北京：中国农业出版社，1994
7 K.A.Shachel et al. Genotypic differences in leaf osmostic potential among grain sorghum cultivars grown under irrigation and drought[J].Crop Sci.,1982,22:1121～1125
8 Singh T N,Aspinall D,Palag LG.Proline accumulation and varietal adaptability to drought in bafley:A potential metabolic meature of drought resistance[J].Nature New boil,1972,236:188～190.
9 Hanson A D. Nelsen C F. Everson E.H. Evaluation of free proline accumulation in barley cultivars[J].Crop Sci.1977,17:720～726
10 任文伟，钱吉，郑师章．不同地理种群在聚乙烯二醇胁迫下含水量和游离脯氨酸含量的比较[J]．生态学报，2000，20(2)：349～352．
11 王霞，侯平，伊林克．水分胁迫对圣柳植物可溶性糖的影响[J]．干旱地区研究，1999，16(2)：1～10
12 蒋明义，郭昭川，张学明．渗透胁迫对水稻幼苗膜脂氧化体内保护酶系统的影响[J]．植物生理学通讯，1990，(4)：30～32
13 张正斌，山仑。作物生理抗逆性的若干共同机理研究进展[J]．作物杂志。199，(4)：10～12
14 沈秀瑛，徐世昌，戴俊英．干旱对玉米SOD,CAT及酸性磷酸脂酶活性的影响[J]。植物生理学通讯，1995，31(3)：183～186．
15 王茅雁，邵世勤，张建华．水分胁迫对玉米保护酶活力及膜系统结构的影响[J]．华北农学报，1995，10(2)：43～49
16 陈军，戴俊英，沈秀英，水分胁迫下玉米叶片光合作用，脂质过氧化及朝微结构变化的关系[J]．玉米科学，1994，2(4)：36～46
17 陈军，戴俊英，沈秀英，不同玉米杂交种孕穗，开花和灌浆期抗旱性的研究[J]．沈阳农业大学学报，1993，24(1)：1～5
18 顾慰连，沈秀英，戴俊英．玉米不同生育期对干旱的生理反应．[J]．沈阳农业大学学报，1990，21(3)：186～190
19 刘祖祺，张石城．植物抗旱生理学[M]．北京：中国农业出版社，1994
20 K.A.Shachel et al. Genotypic differences in leaf osmostic potential among grain sorghum cultivars grown under irrigation and drought[J].Crop Sci.,1982,22:1121～1125
21 陈善福，舒庆桡．植物耐干旱的生物学机理及其基因工程研究进展[J]植物学通讯，1999，16(5)：555～560
22 薜吉全，任建宏．玉米不同生育期水分胁迫条件下脯氨酸变化与抗旱性的关系．西南联合大学学报，2000，3(2)：21-25．
23 周瑞莲，王刚．水分胁迫下豌豆保护酶活力变化用脯氨酸积累在其抗旱中的作用．草原学报，1997(12)：39-43
24 张美云，钱吉，郑师章．渗透胁迫下野生大豆游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖的变化，复旦学报，2001，40(5)：558～561．
25 Tabaeizadeh Z. Drought-induced responses in plant cell. Int Rev Cytol, Int Rew Cytol 1998;182:193～247
26 Inaki Iturbe-ormaetxe et al. Oxidative damage in pea plant expose to water dificit or paraquart[J].Plant Physiol. 1998,116:173～181
27 王邦锡，郭绍川，张学明．渗透胁迫引起的膜损伤与膜脂过氧化和某些自由基的关系[J]．中国科学(B辑)，1992，21(4)：364-368．
28 王建华，刘鸿先，徐同．超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)在植物逆境和衰老生理中的作用[J]．植物生理学通讯，1990，(1)1-7
29 孙彩霞，沈秀英，郝建军．玉米果穗性状和生理生化指标与抗旱性的相关分析[J]．沈阳农业大学学报，1998，29(3)：291～296
30 Mckersie BD, Chen Y, De Beus M,et al. Plant Physiol,1993,103:1151～1163
31 Mckersie BD, Boeley SR, Harjanto E,et al. Plant Physiol,1996,111:1177～1183.
32 Davenport TL,Morgan PW,Jordan WR. Preduction of auxin transport capacity with age and intential water deficit in cotton petiolee[J].Plant physiol,1980,65:1023～1026
33 Blackman Pg, Davies WJ.Cytokinins.abscisic acid and the control of plant water balance[J].Acta Hort,1985,171:255～261
34 Liang J,zhong J,wong MH. Can stomatal closure caused by xylem ABA explain the inhibition of leaf photosynthesis under soil drying? [J]. Photosyn Res,1997,51:149～159
35 李岩，潘海春，李德全．土壤干旱条件下玉米内源激素含量及光合作用的变化[J]植物生理学报，2000，26(4)：301～305
36 檀建新，史吉平，贾荣革．渗透胁迫对玉米幼苗内源ABA，乙烯和多胺影响．中国生理学会第三届植物生理工作者学会会议论文摘要，1994，129
37 Zeige. E.,Moody,W,et. al,, Light sensitive embrane potentials in onion guard cell[J],Nature,1977,270:270～271
38 Schauf, C.L. and Wilson,K.J.Effects of abscisic acid on k~+ channels invicia taba guard cell protoplast, Biochem[J]. Biophys. Res. Corm,1987,145:285～290
39 Lopez-Carbonell M,Alegre L,Van Dncklen H A.Changges in cell ultrastructure and endogenous absdsic and
indole-3-acetic acid concentrations in Fatsic japonica leaves under polyethylene glycolinduced water stress [J].PlantGrowth Regul,1994b,15:165～174
40 Pastor A,Lopez-Carbonell M, Alegre L abscisic acid inmunolocalization and ultrastructure changes in water-stressed lamender(Lavandula stoechas L)plant[J].Physiol Plant,1999,105:257～279
41 Altman A,Friedman R.Polyamine effects and metabolism in plants under stress conditions[J].1982,184:483～494
42 宋凤斌，戴俊英，李海燕．外源多胺与玉米耐旱性[J]．玉米科学，1995，3(3)：44～46
43 Kazuo Shinozaki et al. Gene expression and singnal transductiion in water-stress response[J].Plant physiol.,1997,115:327～334
44 Maria Pla et al. Reduction of the absoisic acid responsive gene tab 28 in maize viviparous mutants[J]. Mol Gen Gennet.,1991,230:394～400
45 Smirnoff, Plant resistance to environmental stress, Curr Opin Biotechnol 1998 Apr 1;9
46 D.le Rudulier,A.R.Strom,A.M.Dandekar. molecular Biology of Osmoregulation. Science,1984,224:1064～1068
47 Urao T. Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K.,Urao S. An Arabidopsis mybhomolog is induced by dehydration stress and it gene product binds to the conserved MYB recongtion sequnce. Plant cell,1993,5:1528～1539
48 Stokinger E.J.,Gimour S.J.,Thomashow M.F.Arabidopsis thalaina CBF1 encodes an AP2 domain-containing transcription activator that binds to the C-repeat/DRE,a cis-acting DNA regulatory element that stimulates transcription in response to low-temperature and water deficit. Proc Natl Acad. Sci. USA,1997,94:1035～1040
49 Liu Q.,Saukuma Yabe H.,Kausuga M.,Miura S.Two transcription factors. DREB1 and DREB2, with ERERP/AP2 DNA binding domain,separate two cellular signals transduation pathsway in drought and low temperature-responsive genes expression. respectively,in Arabidopsia. Plant Cell,1998,10:1391～146
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51 陈龙，刘怀攀．渗透胁迫下芦苇胚性愈伤组织中脯氨酸含量的变化及外源ABA的影响，种子，2001(5)：11～12
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