基于离散事件动态系统的多媒体网络传输若干问题研究
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摘要
多媒体网络通信结合了计算机科学、通信和多媒体技术等研究领域,成为近十几年来的一门重要学科。目前多媒体网络通信及其应用的研究已发展为多个方向,包括多媒体压缩编码、多媒体业务传输、多媒体终端设计及多媒体数据存储等。在下一代网络(NGN)的演进过程中,交互式多媒体网络融合业务逐渐成为最具特色的核心业务之一。
本文在离散事件动态系统的理论框架下,从多媒体网络系统数据传输、资源分配和随机同步三个方面展开研究,主要研究对象包括多媒体网络的接入控制、服务质量(QoS)优化、资源开销优化及动态节点同步等,具体内容和取得的成果如下:1.针对网络系统中多个用户媒体流同时传输的特性,分析并设计了接入控制及媒体质量优化算法。考虑源端使用可扩展编码(SVC)以适应带宽变化,结合其可扩展性,在用户媒体流到达分布未知和具有严格传输时延要求的情况下,给出了多速率用户流的可扩展接入条件。在此基础上,设计了接入控制算法,提高网络利用率且避免了拥塞。针对并发用户媒体业务均存在多个不同的质量层级,通过进一步设计动态QoS优化算法并证明最优解的存在性,实现了所有已接入用户整体QoS的最大化。为验证所设计算法的有效性,考虑家庭网络背景下两种典型的多媒体业务,即:视频点播(VOD)及网络电视(IPTV),给出了接入控制及优化的仿真结果。
2.在用户网络传输及QoS得到保证的同时,研究并提出了网络系统资源开销的优化机制。通过建立多个并发用户传输队列的M/G/1/K排队模型,根据其动态传输特性,进一步地将队列的演化过程描述为半Markov过程。在对其嵌入Markov链研究的基础上,结合性能灵敏度方法,设计了基于梯度的资源开销优化算法并证明了最优性及收敛性。通过仿真进一步验证了算法的有效性。
3.从流量动力学的角度讨论并给出了网络拓扑随机变化时系统的稳定与同步条件。结合复杂网络的研究方法,通过建立Markov跳跃模型,分别针对节点间耦合时延及节点内处理时延两种情况,研究了网络拓扑结构、节点动态方程及随机切换方式对系统性能的影响。仿真结果进一步验证了所提出理论的有效性和可行性。
在论文最后,对本文所做工作进行了归纳总结,并结合未来多媒体网络发展的趋势,从离散信息拓扑空间理论、基于智能化管控机理的建模与协同调控、多媒体业务系统资源变化特性建模与稳定性分析及多媒体业务系统的节能机理的建模与控制等四个方面给出了进一步需要研究的方向。
In recent years, multimedia network communication has become an importantfield because of its combination of computer science, communications, and multimediatechniques. Researches and applications of multimedia network communication havespread into many fields, including multimedia compression, multimedia transmission,multimedia terminal design, and multimedia data storage, etc. In the evolution of nextgeneration network (NGN), the interactive multimedia network integration service hasbecome one of the most distinctive services.
In this dissertation, the multimedia network system is studied by examining datatransmission, resource allocation, and stochastic stability, which includes multimedianetwork admission control, quality of service (QoS) optimization, resource overheadoptimization, and dynamic node synchronization, etc. The main contents and contribu-tions are summarized as follows:
1. Given scalable video coding (SVC) and unknown arrival distribution, admissioncontrol issue is addressed within which the delay in conjunction with multiplerates is explicitly considered. Aiming to achieve the maximum aggregate QoS,a quality adaptation scheme is proposed, which optimally selects quality levelsavailable at every admitted stream. Simulation results indicate this scheme effec-tively improves performance and characterizes the in-home multimedia networksystem.
2. A mathematical model for M/G/1-type queueing networks with multiple usermedia streams and limited resources is established. The goal is to develop adynamic distributed algorithm, which supports all data traffic as efficiently aspossible and makes optimally fair decisions about how to minimize the networkresource overhead. An on-line policy gradient optimization algorithm based on asingle sample path is provided to avoid suffering from a‘curse of dimensionality’.The asymptotic convergence properties of this algorithm are proved. Numericalexamples provide valuable insights for bridging mathematical theory with engi-neering practice.
3. Synchronization stability problems in dynamic network system with Markoviantopology switching and time-varying delays are studied. By applying Lyapunov method, robust stability criteria of network synchronization are proposed for twotime-varying delays cases. With criteria satisfied, network synchronization canbe asymptotically stable or robust stable. The theoretical work helps to providea deeper understanding of the interplay between topology and stability in multi-media communication network.
Finally, a brief review of this dissertation is given, based on which some future re-search areas and open issues in discrete information space, intelligent control, resourcedynamics, and energy saving are highlighted.
本文在离散事件动态系统的理论框架下,从多媒体网络系统数据传输、资源分配和随机同步三个方面展开研究,主要研究对象包括多媒体网络的接入控制、服务质量(QoS)优化、资源开销优化及动态节点同步等,具体内容和取得的成果如下:1.针对网络系统中多个用户媒体流同时传输的特性,分析并设计了接入控制及媒体质量优化算法。考虑源端使用可扩展编码(SVC)以适应带宽变化,结合其可扩展性,在用户媒体流到达分布未知和具有严格传输时延要求的情况下,给出了多速率用户流的可扩展接入条件。在此基础上,设计了接入控制算法,提高网络利用率且避免了拥塞。针对并发用户媒体业务均存在多个不同的质量层级,通过进一步设计动态QoS优化算法并证明最优解的存在性,实现了所有已接入用户整体QoS的最大化。为验证所设计算法的有效性,考虑家庭网络背景下两种典型的多媒体业务,即:视频点播(VOD)及网络电视(IPTV),给出了接入控制及优化的仿真结果。
2.在用户网络传输及QoS得到保证的同时,研究并提出了网络系统资源开销的优化机制。通过建立多个并发用户传输队列的M/G/1/K排队模型,根据其动态传输特性,进一步地将队列的演化过程描述为半Markov过程。在对其嵌入Markov链研究的基础上,结合性能灵敏度方法,设计了基于梯度的资源开销优化算法并证明了最优性及收敛性。通过仿真进一步验证了算法的有效性。
3.从流量动力学的角度讨论并给出了网络拓扑随机变化时系统的稳定与同步条件。结合复杂网络的研究方法,通过建立Markov跳跃模型,分别针对节点间耦合时延及节点内处理时延两种情况,研究了网络拓扑结构、节点动态方程及随机切换方式对系统性能的影响。仿真结果进一步验证了所提出理论的有效性和可行性。
在论文最后,对本文所做工作进行了归纳总结,并结合未来多媒体网络发展的趋势,从离散信息拓扑空间理论、基于智能化管控机理的建模与协同调控、多媒体业务系统资源变化特性建模与稳定性分析及多媒体业务系统的节能机理的建模与控制等四个方面给出了进一步需要研究的方向。
In recent years, multimedia network communication has become an importantfield because of its combination of computer science, communications, and multimediatechniques. Researches and applications of multimedia network communication havespread into many fields, including multimedia compression, multimedia transmission,multimedia terminal design, and multimedia data storage, etc. In the evolution of nextgeneration network (NGN), the interactive multimedia network integration service hasbecome one of the most distinctive services.
In this dissertation, the multimedia network system is studied by examining datatransmission, resource allocation, and stochastic stability, which includes multimedianetwork admission control, quality of service (QoS) optimization, resource overheadoptimization, and dynamic node synchronization, etc. The main contents and contribu-tions are summarized as follows:
1. Given scalable video coding (SVC) and unknown arrival distribution, admissioncontrol issue is addressed within which the delay in conjunction with multiplerates is explicitly considered. Aiming to achieve the maximum aggregate QoS,a quality adaptation scheme is proposed, which optimally selects quality levelsavailable at every admitted stream. Simulation results indicate this scheme effec-tively improves performance and characterizes the in-home multimedia networksystem.
2. A mathematical model for M/G/1-type queueing networks with multiple usermedia streams and limited resources is established. The goal is to develop adynamic distributed algorithm, which supports all data traffic as efficiently aspossible and makes optimally fair decisions about how to minimize the networkresource overhead. An on-line policy gradient optimization algorithm based on asingle sample path is provided to avoid suffering from a‘curse of dimensionality’.The asymptotic convergence properties of this algorithm are proved. Numericalexamples provide valuable insights for bridging mathematical theory with engi-neering practice.
3. Synchronization stability problems in dynamic network system with Markoviantopology switching and time-varying delays are studied. By applying Lyapunov method, robust stability criteria of network synchronization are proposed for twotime-varying delays cases. With criteria satisfied, network synchronization canbe asymptotically stable or robust stable. The theoretical work helps to providea deeper understanding of the interplay between topology and stability in multi-media communication network.
Finally, a brief review of this dissertation is given, based on which some future re-search areas and open issues in discrete information space, intelligent control, resourcedynamics, and energy saving are highlighted.
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